[Slide 1]
Timing of ctDNA detection from end of
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
definitive treatment
UT Health
AACR
-
- Canner Parent
Men Caron Crever
ctDNA detection by time from end of definitive treatment
ctDNA detection by time in cancer subtype
100
ctDNA+
7
6.7%
Disease
All
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
6
type,
patients
<6 mo
>6-12 mo
>12 mo
5.2%
n (%)
post-EODT
post-EODT
post-EODT
5
(N=147)
(n=87; 59.2%)
(n=42; 28.6%)
(n=18; 12.2%)
TNBC
n=135
81 (60.0)
40 (29.7)
14 (10.4)
4
HR+
n=12
6 (50.0)
2 (16.7)
4 (33.3)
3.1%
3
2.5%
2
1.8%
In TNBC 60% ctDNA+ <6 months from end of
definitive treatment
1
Data on HR+ limited by low numbers
0
<3
3-6
>6-9
>9-12
>12
Time since EODT, mo
ctDNA+ circulating tumor DNA detected; EODT. end of definitive treatment; HR+ hormone receptor-positive; TNBC. triple-negative breast cancer
---
[Slide 2]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Trial design
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
American -
- -
Man Cancer Com
Primary endpoint
Key eligibility criteria
Cohort 1
Nirapariba
Stage I-III breast cancer
HER2-tBRCAm
Investigator-assessed DFS
including HR+
TNBC (regardless of BRCA status)
and TNBC
zec Randomized
(1:1)
Key secondary endpoint
:
or tBRCAm HR+/HER2-
OS
(target N=200)
Completed prior standard therapy
ctDNA+
Screening period
Placebo
for curative intent
ctDNA surveillance
HR+ allowed adjuvant endocrine
Cohort 2
therapy
Niraparib
Primary endpoint
TNBC allowed adjuvant
TNBC
pembrolizumab
tBRCAwt
(target N=600)
Randomized
Investigator-assessed DFS
in the HRd and full
No clinical sign of recurrence
Serial ctDNA testing to
populations
monitor for MRD
Placebo
Patients who had neoadjuvant
Key secondary endpoint
chemotherapy and tumor showed
OS
no response were excluded
Off-study if recurrence
on baseline imaging
Initially, DFSᵇ was the primary endpoint. This was changed to safety and tolerability of niraparib when
enrollment stopped. Recurrence-free interval was also assessed
"Patients received 200- or 300-mg/d of niraparib, depending on weight and platelet count. DFS disease-free survival defined as time from randomization to the earliest date of disease recurrence or death by any
cause, per investigator-assessed RECIST v1.1. ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HER2-, HER2 negative; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; tBRCAm, tumor BRCA-mutated; tBRCA wt, tumor BRCA wild-type;
TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; HRd - Homologous recombination deficiency assessed by Myriad myChoice HRD Plus CDX; Allowing ctDNA surveillance during adjuvant pembrolizumab added in amendment 1
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at nicholas numer(Dicr ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
INTERNO
---
[Slide 3]
Timing of ctDNA detection from end of
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
definitive treatment
UT Health
AACR
Antreas
American
- -
Mays Cancer Ceres
ctDNA detection by time from end of definitive treatment
ctDNA detection by time in cancer subtype
100
ctDNA+
7
6.7%
Disease
All
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
6
type,
patients
<6 mo
>6-12 mo
>12 mo
5.2%
n (%)
post-EODT
post-EODT
post-EODT
5
(N=147)
(n=87; 59.2%)
(n=42; 28.6%)
(n=18; 12.2%)
cloNA, %
TNBC
n=135
81 (60.0)
40 (29.7)
14 (10.4)
4
HR+
n=12
6 (50.0)
2 (16.7)
4 (33.3)
3.1%
3
2.5%
2
1.8%
In TNBC 60% ctDNA+ ≤6 months from end of
definitive treatment
1
Data on HR+ limited by low numbers
0
<3
3-6
>6-9
>9-12
>12
Time since EODT, mo
ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; EODT, end of definitive treatment; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer.
---
[Slide 4]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Radiographic recurrence at ctDNA detection
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
Concer -
Mays Career Center
ctDNA detection and recurrence rates by testing visit
Recurrence rates by ctDNA level
and prescreening visitᶜ
Recurrence
No recurrence
Recurrence
Total tested,
ctDNA+,
rate,
2.
Kruskal-Wallis, P=0 0016
Kruskal-Wallis P=0.014
Prescreening
N
n (%)a
n (%)b
1901
147 (7.7)
73 (49.7)
1.
Visit 1
1901
99 (5.2)
52 (52.5)
Visit 2
1086
36 (3.3)
15 (41.7)
8
0-
000
Visit 3
783
4 (0.5)
1 (25.0)
log10 VAF %
O
.......
Visit 4
475
5 (1.1)
3 (60.0)
000
00000
Visit 5
183
3 (1.6)
2 (66.7)
-1-
0000
Visit 6
30
0
0
8
000
Visit 7
6
0
0
...
-2-
Visit 8
2
0
0
Visits 2-8
1086
48 (4.4)
21 (43.8)
-3-
Prescreening visit 1
Prescreening visits 2-5
First test (visit) - 52.5% recurrence rate
Recurrence was associated
Subsequent tests (visit) - 43.8% recurrence rate
with higher ctDNA level
---
[Slide 5]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Recurrence-free intervalᵃ
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
for -
-
- -
Mays Career Care
1.0
Placebo
Placebo
Niraparib
Niraparib
(n=22)
(n=18)
0.9
Events, n (%)
17 (77.3)
14 (77.8)
0.8
Median recurrence
(95% CI), mo
5.4 (2.8-9.3)
11.4 (5.7-18.2)
0.7
Probability of recurrence
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.66 (0.32-1.36)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Time from randomization, mo
No. at risk
Placebo 22
19
10
8
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
2
1
1
0
Niraparib 18
16
14
13
13
11
7
7
3
3
2
1
1
1
0
Investigators were unblinded at the time the study was terminated (April 25, 2023)
"Recurrence-free interval was defined per STEEP 1.0,¹ and measured as time from randomization to progression, per RECIST v1.1. Recurrence-free interval did not include deaths because follow-up survival was no
longer collected after the safety follow-up visit. RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; STEEP, Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points. 1. Hudis CA, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(15):2127-2132.
[Slide 1]
SAN ANTONIO
&
BREAST CANCER
Associations with ctDNA detection
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
for Cause
Mays Cancer Cream
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
Characteristic
(n=147)
Characteristic
(n=147)
Disease type, n (%)
Pathologic outcome from neoadjuvant
TNBC (n=1682)
135 (8.0)
treatment, n (%)
HR+ (n=219)
12 (5.5)
pCR (n=421)
9 (2.1)
Local BRCA status, n (%)
Non-pCR (n=793)
109 (13.7)
Mutant (n=424)
21 (5.0)
Systemic anticancer therapies, n (%)
Wild-type (n=701)
56 (8.0)
Neoadjuvant (n=621)
42 (6.8)
Unknown (n=776)
70 (9.0)
Adjuvant (n=642)
27 (4.2)
Node status, n (%)
Neoadjuvant + adjuvant (n=593)
76 (12.8)
Positive (n=698)
82 (11.7)
No systemic therapy (n=45)
2 (4.4)
Negative (n=1142)
61 (5.3)
Not available (n=61)
4 (6.6)
Prior therapies, n (%)
Stage, n (%)
Capecitabine (n=513)b
69 (13.5)
I (n=486)
11 (2.3)
Endocrine therapy (n=175)
7 (4.0)
II (n=778)
54 (6.9)
Pembrolizumab (n=66)
6 (9.1)
III (n=584)
80 (13.7)
Platinum (n=519)
47 (9.1)
"Includes patients indicated as not assessed and for whom data were missing Other chemotherapies were included, but only those that were thought to affect the risk for recurrence are shown.
ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; pCR, pathologic complete response; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author turner@ic acuk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
---
[Slide 2]
SAN AN
BREAS
Trial design
SYMPO
UT Healt
- -
Mays Carent C
Primary endpoin
Key eligibility criteria
Cohort 1
Niraparib
Investigator-as
Stage I-III breast cancer
HER2-tBRCAm
including HR+
TNBC (regardless of BRCA status)
and TNBC
Randomized
(1:1)
Key secondary e
or tBRCAm HR+/HER2-
OS
(target N=200)
Completed prior standard therapy
ctDNA surveillance
ctDNA+
HR+ allowed adjuvant endocrine
Screening period
Placebo
for curative intent
Cohort 2
therapy
Niraparib
Primary endpoint
TNBC
TNBC allowed adjuvant
pembrolizumab
tBRCAwt
Randomized
(1:1)
Investigator-as:
in the HRd and
Serial ctDNA testing to
(target N=600)
No clinical sign of recurrence
populations
monitor for MRD
Placebo
Patients who had neoadjuvant
Key secondary en
chemotherapy and tumor showed
OS
no response were excluded
Off-study if recurrence
on baseline imaging
Initially, DFSᵇ was the primary endpoint. This was changed to safety and tolerability of niraparib when
enrollment stopped. Recurrence-free interval was also assessed
Patients received 200- or 300-mg/d of niraparib, depending on weight and platelet count. DFS- disease-free survival defined as time from randomization to the earliest date of disease recurrence or death by
cause, per investigator-assessed RECIST v1.1. ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HER2-, HER2 negative; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; tBRCAm, tumor BRCA-mutated; tBRCA wt, tumor BRCA will
TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; HRd - Homologous recombination deficiency assessed by Myriad myChoice HRD Plus CDX; Allowing ctDNA surveillance during adjuvant pembrolizumab added in amendr
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas turner@icr.a for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 3]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM®
Associations with ctDNA detection
UT Health
AACR
- Center -
Mays Cancer Center
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
Characteristic
(n=147)
Characteristic
(n=147)
Disease type, n (%)
Pathologic outcome from neoadjuvant
TNBC (n=1682)
135 (8.0)
treatment, n (%)
HR+ (n=219)
12 (5.5)
pCR (n=421)
9 (2.1)
Local BRCA status, n (%)
Non-pCR (n=793)
109 (13.7)
Mutant (n=424)
21 (5.0)
Systemic anticancer therapies, n (%)
Wild-type (n=701)
56 (8.0)
Neoadjuvant (n=621)
42 (6.8)
Unknown (n=776)
70 (9.0)
Adjuvant (n=642)
27 (4.2)
Node status, n (%)
Neoadjuvant + adjuvant (n=593)
76 (12.8)
Positive (n=698)
82 (11.7)
No systemic therapy (n=45)
2 (4.4)
Negative (n=1142)
61 (5.3)
4 (6.6)
Prior therapies, n (%)
Not available (n=61)
Stage, n (%)
Capecitabine (n=513)b
69 (13.5)
I (n=486)
11 (2.3)
Endocrine therapy (n=175)
7 (4.0)
II (n=778)
54 (6.9)
Pembrolizumab (n=66)
6 (9.1)
III (n=584)
80 (13.7)
Platinum (n=519)
47 (9.1)
"Includes patients indicated as not assessed and for whom data were missing. Other chemotherapies were included, but only those that were thought to affect the risk for recurrence are shown.
ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; pCR, pathologic complete response; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at nicholas tumer@lcr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 4]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Radiographic recurrence at ctDNA detection
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
- -
Mays General Certer
ctDNA detection and recurrence rates by testing visit
Recurrence rates by ctDNA level
and prescreening visit°
Recurrence
No recurrence
Recurrence
Total tested,
ctDNA+,
rate,
2.
Kruskal-Wallis, P=0 0016
Kruskal-Wallis, P=0.014
Prescreening
N
n (%)a
n (%)ᵇ
1901
147 (7.7)
73 (49.7)
1.
Visit 1
1901
99 (5.2)
52 (52.5)
Visit 2
1086
36 (3.3)
15 (41.7)
8
0.
...
Visit 3
783
4 (0.5)
1 (25.0)
log₁₀VAF %
......
...
Visit 4
475
5 (1.1)
3 (60.0)
00000
-1-
D
Visit 5
183
3 (1.6)
2 (66.7)
:
....
Visit 6
30
0
0
8
...
000
...
Visit 7
6
0
0
-2-
Visit 8
2
0
0
Visits 2-8
1086
48 (4.4)
21 (43.8)
-3.
Prescreening visit 1
Prescreening visits 2-5
First test (visit) - 52.5% recurrence rate
Recurrence was associated
Subsequent tests (visit) - 43.8% recurrence rate
with higher ctDNA level
"Percentages calculated out of the denominator of total tested. Percentages calculated out of total patients who were ctDNA+ at that prescreening visit. Median VAF was 0.0199% VAF, variant allele frequency.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at nicholas.tumer@lcr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
---
[Slide 5]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Recurrence-free intervalᵃ
SYMPOSIUM®
UT Health
AACR
E
I
- -
Map Casm Comm
1.0
Placebo
Placebo
Niraparib
Niraparib
(n=22)
(n=18)
0.9
Events, n (%)
17 (77.3)
14 (77.8)
0.8
Median recurrence
5.4 (2.8-9.3)
11.4 (5.7-18.2)
(95% CI), mo
0.7
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.66 (0.32-1.36)
Probability of recurrence
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Time from randomization, mo
No. at risk
Placebo 22
19
10
8
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
2
1
1
0
Niraparib
18
16
14
13
13
11
7
7
3
3
2
1
1
1
0
Investigators were unblinded at the time the study was terminated (April 25, 2023)
"Recurrence-free interval was defined per STEEP 1.0,¹ and measured as time from randomization to progression, per RECIST v1.1. Recurrence-free interval did not include deaths because follow-up survival was no
longer collected after the safety follow-up visit. RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; STEEP, Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points. 1. Hudis CA, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(15):2127-2132.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas tumer@lcr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
[Slide 1]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Conclusion
SYMPOSIUM'
UT Health
AACR
-
-
Man Cancer Center
In early breast cancer, multiple studies show strong
association between ctDNA presence and distant recurrence
No study has shown that intervening on a positive test improves
outcomes
No study has shown that deescalating therapy based on a negative test
is safe
Given lack of evidence that ctDNA-guided therapy in early BC
improves outcomes, using ctDNA results to guide therapy
should only be done as part of a trial
Prospective studies are ongoing
Technology continues to improve
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at lan krop@yale edu for permission to reprint and/or distribute
14
[Slide 1]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
CONSORT diagram
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
-
- -
May Came Center
Prescreened/signed ICF (N=2746)
Did not enter ctDNA surveillance (n=845*)
Entered ctDNA surveillance (n=1901)
4 patients had recurrence despite ctDNA-
ctDNA+ (n=147)
8% of patients were ctDNA+
Did not enter screening or not randomized (n=107b)
Did not meet inclusion/exclusion criteria, n=83
Radiological recurrence, n=73
73 patients (50%) had radiologic recurrence
Entered screening (n=96)
Study terminated by sponsor, n=10
when ctDNA+
Withdrawal by patient, n=7
Physician decision, n=1
Randomized (n=40)
Niraparib (n=18)
Placebo (n=22)
Discontinued treatment, n=18
Discontinued treatment, n=22
Radiological recurrence, n= 14
Radiological recurrence, n=13
Completed analysisᶜ, n=3
Study terminated by sponsor, n=7
Withdrawal by patient, n=1
Completed analysisᶜ, n=1
Physician decision, n=1
"These patients did not have Signatera™ assay built. The top 2 reasons for not entering ctDNA surveillance were insufficient tumor tissue sample (n=402) or blood specimen not meeting requirements (n=72).
Study sites could select ≥1 reason for patients not entering screening or not being randomized. Patients total to more than 107.
Completed analysis but continuing treatment (for niraparib arm) or scans (for placebo arm).
ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; ctDNA-, circulating tumor DNA not detected; ICF, informed consent form.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas furner@icr.au for permission to repeint and/or distribute
2400
---
[Slide 2]
SAN ANTONIO
Radiographic recurrence at ctDNA detection
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
-
May Care -
ctDNA detection and recurrence rates by testing visit
Recurrence rates by ctDNA level
and prescreening visitᶜ
Recurrence
No recurrence
Recurrence
Total tested,
ctDNA+,
rate,
2.
Prescreening
N
Kruskal-Walls, Pr0.0016
Kruskal-Walls, P=0.014
n (%)a
n (%)b
1901
147 (7.7)
73 (49.7)
1.
Visit 1
1901
99 (5.2)
52 (52.5)
Visit 2
1086
36 (3.3)
15 (41.7)
8
%
0.
...
Visit 3
783
4 (0.5)
1 (25.0)
O
......
Visit 4
475
5 (1.1)
3 (60.0)
...
0
.....
Visit 5
183
3 (1.6)
2 (66.7)
-1-
::
....
Visit 6
30
0
0
8
...
!
Visit 7
6
0
0
-2-
8
Visit 8
2
0
0
Visits 2-8
1086
48 (4.4)
21 (43.8)
-3-
Prescreening visit 1
Prescreening visits 2-5
First test (visit) - 52.5% recurrence rate
Recurrence was associated
Subsequent tests (visit) - 43.8% recurrence rate
with higher ctDNA level
Percentages calculated out of the denominator of total tested. Percentages calculated out of total patients who were ctDNA+ at that prescreening visit. Median VAF was 0.0199%. VAF, variant allele frequency.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholes.tumer@icr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 3]
Baseline ctDNA level and recurrence-free
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
intervalᵃ
UT Health
AACR
-
- -
- -
May Date Jens
Recurrence split by median ctDNA level
ctDNA high
ctDNA low
Placebo
Niraparib
1.00
Placebo
Niraparib
Placebo
Niraparib
1.00
Placebo
Niraparib
(n=13)
(n*7)
(n*9)
(no11)
Median recurrence
(95% CI), mo
3.2(0.3-9.3)
5.7 (0.6-14.1)
Median recurrence
(05% Ci), mo
7.4(2.6-NE)
15.9(8.2-NE)
0.75
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.91 (0.34-2.44)
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.60 (0.20-1,81)
0.75
Probability of recurrence
0.50
Probability of recurrence
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
Time from randomization, mo
Time from randomization, mo
No. at risk
No. at risk
Placebo 13
10
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
Placebo
9
9
6
5
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
Niraparib 7
5
4
3
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
Niraparib 11 11 10 10 10 8 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 0
In exploratory analysis, recurrence-free interval may be longer in patients with low ctDNA level at baseline
Median VAF was 0.0199%. ctDNA high was defined as VAF greater than or equal to median at prescreening; ctDNA low was defined as VAF less than median at prescreening.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas tumer@icr ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
(40950
---
[Slide 4]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
CONSORT diagram
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
-
- -
May Came Center
Prescreened/signed ICF (N=2746)
Did not enter ctDNA surveillance (n=845*)
Entered ctDNA surveillance (n=1901)
4 patients had recurrence despite ctDNA-
ctDNA+ (n=147)
8% of patients were ctDNA+
Did not enter screening or not randomized (n=107b)
Did not meet inclusion/exclusion criteria, n=83
Radiological recurrence, n=73
73 patients (50%) had radiologic recurrence
Entered screening (n=96)
Study terminated by sponsor, n=10
when ctDNA+
Withdrawal by patient, n=7
Physician decision, n=1
Randomized (n=40)
Niraparib (n=18)
Placebo (n=22)
Discontinued treatment, n=18
Discontinued treatment, n=22
Radiological recurrence, n= 14
Radiological recurrence, n=13
Completed analysisᶜ, n=3
Study terminated by sponsor, n=7
Withdrawal by patient, n=1
Completed analysisᶜ, n=1
Physician decision, n=1
"These patients did not have Signatera™ assay built. The top 2 reasons for not entering ctDNA surveillance were insufficient tumor tissue sample (n=402) or blood specimen not meeting requirements (n=72).
Study sites could select ≥1 reason for patients not entering screening or not being randomized. Patients total to more than 107.
Completed analysis but continuing treatment (for niraparib arm) or scans (for placebo arm).
ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; ctDNA-, circulating tumor DNA not detected; ICF, informed consent form.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas furner@icr.au for permission to repeint and/or distribute
2400
---
[Slide 5]
SAN ANTONIO
Radiographic recurrence at ctDNA detection
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
-
May Care -
ctDNA detection and recurrence rates by testing visit
Recurrence rates by ctDNA level
and prescreening visitᶜ
Recurrence
No recurrence
Recurrence
Total tested,
ctDNA+,
rate,
2.
Prescreening
N
Kruskal-Walls, Pr0.0016
Kruskal-Walls, P=0.014
n (%)a
n (%)b
1901
147 (7.7)
73 (49.7)
1.
Visit 1
1901
99 (5.2)
52 (52.5)
Visit 2
1086
36 (3.3)
15 (41.7)
8
%
0.
...
Visit 3
783
4 (0.5)
1 (25.0)
O
......
Visit 4
475
5 (1.1)
3 (60.0)
...
0
.....
Visit 5
183
3 (1.6)
2 (66.7)
-1-
::
....
Visit 6
30
0
0
8
...
!
Visit 7
6
0
0
-2-
8
Visit 8
2
0
0
Visits 2-8
1086
48 (4.4)
21 (43.8)
-3-
Prescreening visit 1
Prescreening visits 2-5
First test (visit) - 52.5% recurrence rate
Recurrence was associated
Subsequent tests (visit) - 43.8% recurrence rate
with higher ctDNA level
Percentages calculated out of the denominator of total tested. Percentages calculated out of total patients who were ctDNA+ at that prescreening visit. Median VAF was 0.0199%. VAF, variant allele frequency.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholes.tumer@icr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 6]
Baseline ctDNA level and recurrence-free
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
intervalᵃ
UT Health
AACR
-
- -
- -
May Date Jens
Recurrence split by median ctDNA level
ctDNA high
ctDNA low
Placebo
Niraparib
1.00
Placebo
Niraparib
Placebo
Niraparib
1.00
Placebo
Niraparib
(n=13)
(n*7)
(n*9)
(no11)
Median recurrence
(95% CI), mo
3.2(0.3-9.3)
5.7 (0.6-14.1)
Median recurrence
(05% Ci), mo
7.4(2.6-NE)
15.9(8.2-NE)
0.75
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.91 (0.34-2.44)
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.60 (0.20-1,81)
0.75
Probability of recurrence
0.50
Probability of recurrence
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
Time from randomization, mo
Time from randomization, mo
No. at risk
No. at risk
Placebo 13
10
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
Placebo
9
9
6
5
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
Niraparib 7
5
4
3
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
Niraparib 11 11 10 10 10 8 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 0
In exploratory analysis, recurrence-free interval may be longer in patients with low ctDNA level at baseline
Median VAF was 0.0199%. ctDNA high was defined as VAF greater than or equal to median at prescreening; ctDNA low was defined as VAF less than median at prescreening.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas tumer@icr ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
(40950
---
[Slide 7]
SAN ANTONIO
Conclusions
BREAST CANCER
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
- -
- Resert
Map Cent Center
ZEST was the first phase 3 trial of MRD-guided therapy in breast cancer
ZEST was terminated early because of a low randomization rate
Broad entry criteria including low-risk patients that resulted in a low rate of ctDNA+
High rate (50%) of metastatic disease at the time of ctDNA+
For patients with TNBC, ctDNA+ occurred most frequently on the first test and ≤6 months from
end of treatment, consistent with early recurrence typical of TNBC
There was a high rate of radiographic recurrence at time of ctDNA+, providing support for
strategies to start ctDNA testing earlier in the disease trajectory of TNBC
The trial was not powered to evaluate the effect of niraparib versus placebo given early
termination; however, recurrence-free interval was numerically longer with niraparib
ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; MRD, molecular residual disease; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas.turner@ier.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
[Slide 1]
SAN ANTONIC
BREAST CAN
Trial design
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AA
Mays Caren Center
Primary endpoint
Key eligibility criteria
Cohort 1
Niraparib
Stage I-III breast cancer
HER2- tBRCAm
Investigator-assess
including HR+
TNBC (regardless of BRCA status)
and TNBC
Randomized
(1:1)
Key secondary endpoi
or tBRCAm HR+/HER2-
OS
(target N=200)
Completed prior standard therapy
ctDNA surveillance
ctDNA+
HR+ allowed adjuvant endocrine
Screening period
Placebo
for curative intent
Cohort 2
therapy
Niraparib
Primary endpoint
TNBC allowed adjuvant
TNBC
pembrolizumab
tBRCAwt
Serial ctDNA testing to
Randomized
(1:1)
Investigator-asses:
in the HRd and full
(target N=600)
No clinical sign of recurrence
populations
monitor for MRD
Placebo
Patients who had neoadjuvant
Key secondary endp
chemotherapy and tumor showed
OS
no response were excluded
Off-study if recurrence
on baseline imaging
Initially, DFSᵇ was the primary endpoint. This was changed to safety and tolerability of niraparib when
enrollment stopped. Recurrence-free interval was also assessed
Patients received 200- or 300-mg/d of niraparib, depending on weight and platelet count. DFS- disease-free survival defined as time from randomization to the earliest date of disease recurrence or death by I
cause, per investigator-assessed RECIST v1.1. ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HER2-, HER2 negative; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; tBRCAm, tumor BRCA-mutated; tBRCA wt, tumor BRCA wild
TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; HRd - Homologous recombination deficiency assessed by Myriad myChoice HRD Plus CDX; Allowing ctDNA surveillance during adjuvant pembrolizumab added in amendm
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas.tumer@icr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 2]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Associations with ctDNA detection
SYMPOSIUM®
UT Health
AACR
American
-
Mays Cancer Center
ctDNA+
ctDNA+
Characteristic
(n=147)
Characteristic
(n=147)
Disease type, n (%)
Pathologic outcome from neoadjuvant
TNBC (n=1682)
135 (8.0)
treatment, n (%)
HR+ (n=219)
12 (5.5)
pCR (n=421)
9 (2.1)
Local BRCA status, n (%)
Non-pCR (n=793)
109 (13.7)
Mutant (n=424)
21 (5.0)
Systemic anticancer therapies, n (%)
Wild-type (n=701)
56 (8.0)
Neoadjuvant (n=621)
42 (6.8)
Unknown (n=776)
70 (9.0)
Adjuvant (n=642)
27 (4.2)
Node status, n (%)
Neoadjuvant + adjuvant (n=593)
76 (12.8)
Positive (n=698)
82 (11.7)
No systemic therapy (n=45)
2 (4.4)
Negative (n=1142)
61 (5.3)
Not available (n=61)
4 (6.6)
Prior therapies, n (%)
Stage, n (%)
Capecitabine (n=513)b
69 (13.5)
I (n=486)
11 (2.3)
Endocrine therapy (n=175)
7 (4.0)
Il (n=778)
54 (6.9)
Pembrolizumab (n=66)
6 (9.1)
III (n=584)
80 (13.7)
Platinum (n=519)
47 (9.1)
"Includes patients indicated as not assessed and for whom data were missing. Other chemotherapies were included, but only those that were thought to affect the risk for recurrence are shown.
ctDNA+, circulating tumor DNA detected; HR+, hormone receptor-positive; pCR, pathologic complete response; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at nicholas.turner@icr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
---
[Slide 3]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Radiographic recurrence at ctDNA detection
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
- -
Mays Canem Center
ctDNA detection and recurrence rates by testing visit
Recurrence rates by ctDNA level
and prescreening visitᶜ
Recurrence
No recurrence
Recurrence
Total tested,
ctDNA+,
rate,
2.
Kruskal-Wallis, P=0.0016
Kruskal-Wallis, P=0.014
Prescreening
N
n (%)a
n (%)b
1901
147 (7.7)
73 (49.7)
1.
Visit 1
1901
99 (5.2)
52 (52.5)
Visit 2
1086
36 (3.3)
15 (41.7)
8
0-
OOO
Visit 3
783
4 (0.5)
1 (25.0)
VAF log₁₀VAF %
O
XXXXX
Visit 4
475
5 (1.1)
3 (60.0)
OOO
.....
Visit 5
183
3 (1.6)
2 (66.7)
-1-
....
Visit 6
30
0
0
...
6
0
0
000
...
Visit 7
-2-
Visit 8
2
0
0
Visits 2-8
1086
48 (4.4)
21 (43.8)
-3-
Prescreening visit 1
Prescreening visits 2-5
First test (visit) - - 52.5% recurrence rate
Recurrence was associated
Subsequent tests (visit) - 43.8% recurrence rate
with higher ctDNA level
"Percentages calculated out of the denominator of total tested. Percentages calculated out of total patients who were ctDNA+ at that prescreening visit. Median VAF was 0.0199%. VAF, variant allele frequency.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors. Contact the presenting author at nicholas.tumer@icr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
---
[Slide 4]
SAN ANTONIO
BREAST CANCER
Recurrence-free intervalᵃ
SYMPOSIUM
UT Health
AACR
-
-
Center -
Mays Canon Level
1.0
Placebo
Placebo
Niraparib
Niraparib
(n=22)
(n=18)
0.9
Events, n (%)
17 (77.3)
14 (77.8)
0.8
Median recurrence
(95% CI), mo
5.4 (2.8-9.3)
11.4 (5.7-18.2)
0.7
Probability of recurrence
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.66 (0.32-1.36)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Time from randomization, mo
No. at risk
Placebo
22
19
10
8
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
2
1
1
0
Niraparib 18 16 14 13 13 11 7 7 3 3 2 1 1 1 0
Investigators were unblinded at the time the study was terminated (April 25, 2023)
Recurrence-free interval was defined per STEEP 1.0,¹ and measured as time from randomization to progression, per RECIST v1.1. Recurrence-free interval did not include deaths because follow-up survival was no
longer collected after the safety follow-up visit. RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; STEEP, Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points. 1. Hudis CA, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(15):2127-2132.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors Contact the presenting author at nicholas.tumer@lcr.ac.uk for permission to reprint and/or distribute
ZEST is a cautionary tale in MRD-guided therapy trial design. Only 7.7% of screened patients were ctDNA-positive after completing curative-intent therapy, and 55% of those already had imaging-detectable disease — meaning ctDNA testing post-treatment was too late. Turner et al. recommend future MRD trials test during neoadjuvant therapy and target higher-risk subsets (stage 2B+ non-pCR). ctDNA assay was personalized tumor-informed test (16 tumor-specific mutations per patient).
Recurrence-Free Interval (exploratory, underpowered) — Trial Terminated Early — Insufficient Power
Median: 11.4 months (niraparib) vs. 5.4 months (placebo). Trial terminated early due to low ctDNA-positive enrollment. Only 40 of 1,901 screened patients were randomized — insufficient for meaningful efficacy assessment. Descriptive median recurrence-free interval 11.4 months (niraparib) vs. 5.4 months (placebo). 6 niraparib vs. 4 placebo patients remained recurrence-free at data cutoff. HR, CI, and P-value NOT in published sources (underpowered). Turner et al. emphasized that 55% of ctDNA-positive patients already had imaging-detectable recurrence at first positive test — a critical design lesson.
⚠ Terminated early: only 40/1,901 screened met criteria
Grade ≥3 TRAE rates NOT in published sources for this terminated trial. Niraparib safety profile well-established from OlympiA/OVA trials — hematologic toxicities (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia) are class effects.
Safety details not reported (trial terminated early)
❌ Negative trial: terminated early for low enrollment; no practice-changing efficacy signal. ZEST is a cautionary tale in MRD-guided therapy trial design. Only 7.7% of screened patients were ctDNA-positive after completing curative-intent therapy, and 55% of those already had imaging-detectable disease — meaning ctDNA testing post-treatment was too late. Turner et al. recommend future MRD trials test during neoadjuvant therapy and target higher-risk subsets (stage 2B+ non-pCR). ctDNA assay was personalized tumor-informed test (16 tumor-specific mutations per patient).