Lung Cancer results slides from ESMO 2026 (Madrid, October 23–27), posted since the October 22 embargo lift: 420 slide posts and 91 KOL infographics from 131 accounts, organized by clinical trial — led by DeLLphi-305, KRASCENDO-1, SAFFRON, PERSEE (GFPC 01-2020). Each trial links to its KOL Pulse trial page and conference discussion. Physician posts first; every slide carries a verbatim OCR transcription. Updated October 29, 2026. ← Back to the full ESMO 2026 coverage
This page holds the ESMO 2026 Lung Cancer results slides, part of the ESMO 2026 slide library. Other tumor types have their own pages below; pre-congress previews are in the pre-congress archive →
Kaplan-Meier survival data: OS Kaplan-Meier curve, tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab
The moment I saw the overall survival curves, I wanted to stand up and applaud! 👏
40,000 of us at #ESMO26, sharing the same excitement and hope not for ourselves, but for our patients. ❤️
A truly emotional moment in #SCLC.
#DeLLphi305 @StephenVLiu @sands_jacob @lungoncdoc https://t.co/FxDFvv1EMP
🚨🔥@OncoAlert Hot off the press.
Just published @NEJM in conjunction with presentation @myESMO #ESMO26
the long-awaited #PracticeChanging results of:
⭐️#DeLLphi305 phase 3 trial of:
❇️1st line maintenance #Tarlatamab + #Durvalumab) vs #Durvalumab alone in patients with #ExtensiveStage #SmallCell #LungCancer after initial induction Tx with #Chemo + Durvalumab.
Study showed:
‼️#Impressive statistically significant & clinically meaningful ⬆️#OverallSurvival Benefit.
✅#mOS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42)
✅12-month OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
✅#mPFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 months (HR 0.34)
⚠️ Grade ≥3 #AEs: 46.8% vs 40.6%
* In Tarlatamab arm:
#CRS: 49.6% (Grade ≥3: 0.4%)
#ICANS: 1.1% (Grade ≥3: 0%)
👇🏻
https://t.co/JoYBDSUAo9
[Slide 1]
DeLLphi-305: Study design
A Phase 3, Open-label, Multicenter, Randomized Study of Tarlatamab in Combination With Durvalumab vs Durvalumab Alone in Patients With ES-SCLC Following Platinum, Etoposide and Durvalumab (NCT06211036)
1L Chemo-IO: Platinum-etoposide + durvalumab(a) induction therapy (4 cycles)
Key Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥ 18 years
- No disease progression
- ECOG PS 0–1
- Asymptomatic untreated or treated brain metastasis
R 1:1, N = 563
Treatment until progression or unacceptable toxicity
Tarlatamab (10 mg Q2W)(b) + Durvalumab (1500 mg Q4W)(c) n = 282
Durvalumab (1500 mg Q4W)(c) n = 281
Primary Endpoint: OS
Key Secondary Endpoint: PFS
Secondary Endpoints: ORR, DOR, safety
Stratification Factors:
- Brain and/or liver metastasis (Yes/No)
- Response to 1L chemo-IO (PR/CR vs SD)
- Prior platinum type (cisplatin vs carboplatin)
Interim analysis for OS: 243 (61% IF) OS events, 0.008 two-sided P-value boundary
Endpoints were tested sequentially according to a prespecified hierarchical testing strategy: OS → PFS → ORR
Data cut-off date: 7 JUL 2026.
(a)Eligible patients must have received ≥ 3 cycles of concomitant durvalumab as 1L treatment of ES-SCLC. (b)Patients were monitored on site for a minimum of 1 to 2 hours, or 6 to 8 hours in certain regions after the first two doses of tarlatamab. (c)Each treatment cycle consists of 28 days.
ClinicalTrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06211036. Accessed 31 August 2026.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
[Slide 2]
Tarlatamab plus durvalumab significantly improved overall survival versus durvalumab alone as first-line maintenance therapy
| Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (n = 282) | Durvalumab (n = 281)
Median OS, months (95% CI) | 21.1 (20.8–NE) | 12.7 (11.2–14.8)
Median FU, months | 15.9 | 16.1
HR (95% CI); P-value (2-sided)(a) | 0.42 (0.32–0.54); P < 0.001
Curve labels: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 92% (6 mo), 79% (12 mo); Durvalumab 75% (6 mo), 53% (12 mo)
Y axis: Percentage of Patients; X axis: Months 0-27
Number of patients at risk:
Months | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab | 282 | 276 | 258 | 246 | 222 | 132 | 55 | 9 | 0
Durvalumab | 281 | 252 | 208 | 171 | 146 | 81 | 33 | 8 | 1 | 0
Data cut-off date: 7 JUL 2026.
At the time of data cut-off, 87 events had occurred in the tarlatamab-durvalumab arm, and 156 events had occurred in the durvalumab arm.
(a)P value was calculated using a stratified log-rank test.
CI, confidence interval; FU, follow-up; HR, hazard ratio; NE, not estimable; OS, overall survival.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
Survival table
Endpoint: OS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab | 282 | 21.1 mo | 20.8–NE
Durvalumab | 281 | 12.7 mo | 11.2–14.8
HR: 0.42
HR CI: 0.32–0.54
P: P < 0.001 (2-sided, stratified log-rank)
Landmark rates:
6 mo: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 92% | Durvalumab 75%
12 mo: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 79% | Durvalumab 53%
[Slide 3]
Tarlatamab plus durvalumab significantly improved PFS versus durvalumab
| Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (n = 282) | Durvalumab (n = 281)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) | 7.4 (5.6–9.1) | 1.9 (1.9–2.0)
Median FU, months | 13.9 | 13.9
HR (95% CI); P-value (2-sided)(a) | 0.34 (0.28–0.42); P < 0.001
Curve labels: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 53% (6 mo), 38% (12 mo); Durvalumab 17% (6 mo), 10% (12 mo)
Y axis: Percentage of Patients; X axis: Months 0-24
Number of patients at risk:
Months | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab | 282 | 225 | 147 | 122 | 86 | 32 | 14 | 1 | 0
Durvalumab | 281 | 106 | 46 | 36 | 18 | 8 | 2 | 0
Data cut-off date: 7 JUL 2026.
At the time of data cut-off, 182 events had occurred in the tarlatamab-durvalumab arm, and 250 events had occurred in the durvalumab arm.
(a)P-value was calculated using a stratified log-rank test.
CI, confidence interval; FU, follow-up; HR, hazard ratio; PFS, progression-free survival.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab | 282 | 7.4 mo | 5.6–9.1
Durvalumab | 281 | 1.9 mo | 1.9–2.0
HR: 0.34
HR CI: 0.28–0.42
P: P < 0.001 (2-sided, stratified log-rank)
Landmark rates:
6 mo: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 53% | Durvalumab 17%
12 mo: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 38% | Durvalumab 10%
[Slide 4]
Tarlatamab plus durvalumab demonstrated significantly improved objective response rate versus durvalumab
| Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (n = 235)(a) | Durvalumab (n = 244)(a)
BOR, n (%)(a,b)
Confirmed CR(c) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.4)
Confirmed PR(c) | 60 (25.5) | 9 (3.7)
Stable disease | 127 (54.0) | 74 (30.3)
Progressive disease | 43 (18.3) | 150 (61.5)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 26.4 (20.9–32.5) | 4.1 (2.0–7.4)
P-value (2-sided) | < 0.001
Median DOR, months (95% CI) | 12.7 (7.4–NE) | 5.6 (3.6–NE)
Duration of response [KM curve]: Responders Without Progression or Death (%) vs Months 0-18
Curve labels: Tarlatamab + Durvalumab 70% (6 mo), 52% (12 mo); Durvalumab 38% (6 mo)
Number of patients at risk:
Months | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab | 62 | 58 | 36 | 27 | 11 | 5 | 0
Durvalumab | 10 | 10 | 3 | 0
As of data cut-off, 43.6% and 11.4% of patients remained on treatment in tarlatamab plus durvalumab and durvalumab arm, respectively
Data cut-off date: 7 JUL 2026. Median follow-up: 10.2 months (tarlatamab + durvalumab arm); 8.3 months (durvalumab arm).
(a)Based on RECIST 1.1 per investigator assessment in patients with measurable disease at baseline at the time of randomization. (b)Postbaseline scan data was not available for 3 (1.3%) patients in tarlatamab + durvalumab arm and 10 (4.1%) in durvalumab arm. (c)Confirmation of a CR or a PR was required and had to take place no fewer than 4 weeks after the initial documentation of a CR or a PR.
1L, first line; BOR, best overall response; CI, confidence interval; CR, complete response; DOR, duration of response; NE, not estimable; ORR, objective response rate; PR, partial response; RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
1) Slide: Screenshot of official ESMO programme abstract text · 2) Slide: Screenshot of official abstract conclusions text
JUST IN: DeLLphi-305: Small Cell Lung Cancer Extensive-Stage
Phase III (n=563): Tarlatamab + Durvalumab vs Durvalumab as 1L maintenance after chemo-IO, to be presented by our own @sands_jacob from @DanaFarber
• Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42)
• Median PFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 months (HR 0.34)
• ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%
Grade ≥3 AEs: 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS 49.6% (most low grade).
Probably new standard of care in ES-SCLC.
@OncoAlert @DanaFarberNews #ESMO26
[Slide 1]
Proffered Paper session
LBA3 - Tarlatamab plus durvalumab (durva) vs durva as 1L maintenance (1LM) therapy following durva, platinum, and etoposide (1L durva + EP) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): Primary analysis of the phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial
Speakers Jacob Sands (Boston, United States of America)
Lecture Time 17:18 - 17:30
Abstract
Background
Adding tarlatamab to 1L ES-SCLC therapy showed encouraging efficacy in the phase 1b DeLLphi-303 study (NCT05361395). We report the primary analysis of the randomized phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial evaluating tarlatamab + durva vs durva as 1LM therapy for ES-SCLC.
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
Tarlatamab + durva significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR in 1LM ES-SCLC. The overall incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups. CRS and ICANS events were primarily low grade and no fatal events occurred. These results establish tarlatamab + durva as a new standard of care 1LM therapy for ES-SCLC.
Kaplan-Meier survival data: Tarlatamab-Durvalumab Maintenance for Extensive-Stage
In a prespecified interim analysis of a phase 3 trial involving patients with extensive-stage SCLC, the median overall survival was 21.1 months with #Tarlatamab maintenance therapy and 12.7 months with durvalumab alone.
#ESMO26
https://t.co/xuqEkJZSSn https://t.co/FBAHoeWXyv
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM Figure 1 - Overall survival (ITT) · 2) Slide: supplementary Figure S3 - OS forest plot in prespecified subgroups · 3) Slide: supplementary Table S3 - subsequent anti-cancer treatment by arm · 4) Slide: supplementary Table S4 - subsequent anti-cancer treatment by region
Today, the Phase 3 results of DeLLphi-305 (@AmgenOncology @AstraZeneca) were presented by @sands_jacob at #ESMO26.
DeLLphi-305 delivered an unprecedented OS improvement (21.1 vs 12.7 mo, HR 0.42) for patients receiving tarlatamab + durvalumab, compared to durvalumab alone, in 1L maintenance after chemoIO induction for ES-SCLC. Studies like these provide renewed hope.
However, this data brings forth multiple concerns regarding international access to care, interpretation of contribution of parts, patient selection, and sequencing.
1️⃣ Equitable access to cross-over: at time of POD, only 12.2% of ITT population in the durvalumab arm (34/278) and 18.9% (34/179) of those who received subsequent anti-cancer therapies had access to tarlatamab.
This speaks to the global need to expand access to this life-saving therapy, as DeLLphi-301 demonstrated this impact with accessibility promptly available here in the USA as early as May 2024. Yet, @SclcSMASHERS all over the world still do not have this option even at relapse.
2️⃣ Line of therapy: while attrition to 2L may be significant in some practices & highlights the need to maximize proactive support & early palliative care, is there clear evidence of synergy with ICI+DLL3 TCE to transform outcomes, or is the effect additive? Preclinical data suggested synergy with this combination approach.
However, within subgroup analyses of those receiving tarlatamab in subsequent treatment, particularly in the USA, it appears there is signal of additivity, given the nullification of OS benefit with DLL3 TCE cross-over (in those receiving it as 2nd LOT).
Outside of risk of attrition, what variables favor using tarlatamab in 1LM vs 2L? Is the NE biology still preserved? Is the function of the immune system equivalently preserved following <4 weeks post chemoIO with myelosuppression?
3️⃣ Patient selection: Stratification with effective predictive biomarkers are key to know who can avoid any intensification, as they may be a durable ICI responder to monotherapy ICI.
Who can we avoid tarlatamab every 2 weeks indefinitely? Who should receive lurbi + atezo? Or durva + tarla?
More translational SCLC based biomarkers, beyond DLL3, are clearly of high unmet need to guide strategies.
4️⃣ Sequencing: if we use tarlatamab+durvalumab in the 1LM, what’s next? At POD, what approved option remains? Lurbi remains approved in the 1LM, but not at relapse. I-DXd BLA was voluntarily withdrawn. Trials are key, but enrollment for most global studies is brisk, particularly in the USA where enrollment is ~20% or less of the total cohort.
@SclcSMASHERS @LUNGevity @IASLC @ASCO @NCCN @LungCancerEu @lcrf_org @OncBrothers @OncoAlert @oncodaily @OncLive @lungoncdoc @RManochakian @LauraAlderMD @LaurenByersMD @Annechiangmd
DeLLphi-305. Immpresive curves . Additional Toxicity and cost in real world needs to be seen . Good for patients with extensive SCLC @myESMO @OncoAlert #esmo26 https://t.co/V2CDG9m0ZR
Slide: CRS and ICANS safety table (Sands, ESMO 2026)
4. DeLLphi305: PhIII, Tarlatamab + Durva vs Durva alone as 1L maintenance after chemo-IO in ES-SCLC (n=563):
- mOS: 21.1 vs 12.7 mos (HR 0.42)
- 12-mo OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
- mPFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 mo (HR 0.34)
- ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%
- G≥3 AEs: 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS 49.6%
- New SoC!
5/5 https://t.co/NQmSyXYXJl https://t.co/I3fXwYlX48
1) Slide: LBA3 abstract table: efficacy and safety · 2) Slide: LBA3 abstract - Methods and Results
🚨 ESMO 2026 presidential | DeLLphi-305:
Phase III (n=563): Tarlatamab + Durvalumab vs Durvalumab as 1L maintenance after chemo-IO.
📊 Key results:
• Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42) 🔥
• 12-month OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
• Median PFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 months (HR 0.34)
• ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%
⚠️ Grade ≥3 AEs: 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS 49.6% (mostly low grade).
💡 58% reduction in risk of death!
Could this redefine first-line maintenance in ES-SCLC? Probably yes. Looking forward towards full data set . @OncoAlert @esmo #esmo26 #SCLC #DeLLphi305
[Slide 3]
low grade (Table). Table: LBA3
| Tarlatamab + durva (n = 282) | Durva (n = 281)
OS
mOS, mo (95% CI) | 21.1 (20.8, NE) | 12.7 (11.2, 14.8)
HR (95% CI); P value | 0.42 (0.32, 0.54); P < 0.001
12 mo OS rate, % (95% CI) | 79.4 (74.2, 83.7) | 53.3 (47.3, 59.0)
Median follow-up, mo | 15.9 | 16.1
PFS
mPFS | 7.4 (5.6, 9.1) | 1.9 (1.9, 2.0)
HR (95% CI); P value | 0.34 (0.28, 0.42); P < 0.001
ORR, % (95% CI) | 26.4 (20.9, 32.5) | 4.1 (2.0, 7.4)
P value | P < 0.001
TEAEs, n (%) | (n = 282) | (n = 278)
Any grade | 281 (99.6) | 258 (92.8)
Gr ≥ 3 | 132 (46.8) | 113 (40.6)
CRS^a, n (%)
Any grade | 140 (49.6) | 4 (1.4)
Gr ≥ 3 | 1 (0.4) | 0
ICANS^a, n (%)
Any grade | 3 (1.1) | 0
Gr ≥ 3 | 0 | 0
^aNo fatal events occurred. NE, not estimable; Gr, grade; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event.
[Slide 4]
Methods
563 patients (pts) with ES-SCLC without progression after 1L durva + EP were randomized (1:1) to receive either tarlatamab + durva (n = 282) or durva (n = 281) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tarlatamab was given 1 mg IV cycle 1 day 1 (C1D1); 10 mg IV C1D8, C1D15, then 10 mg IV Q2W; durva was given 1500 mg IV Q4W. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) with key secondary endpoint progression-free survival (PFS) per investigator assessment, each measured from time of randomization. Additional secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and safety.
Results
With median (m) follow-up time of 15.9 and 16.1 months (mo), respectively, tarlatamab + durva significantly improved OS (HR: 0.42; 95% CI 0.32, 0.54; P <0.001; mOS: 21.1 [95% CI, 20.8 to NE] vs 12.7 mo [95% CI, 11.2 to 14.8]). Tarlatamab + durva significantly improved PFS (HR: 0.34; 95% CI 0.28, 0.42; P < 0.001; mPFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 mo). ORR was 26.4% (95% CI 20.9%, 32.5%) for tarlatamab + durva and 4.1% (95% CI 2.0%, 7.4%) for durva (P < 0.001). Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs occurred in 46.8% (tarlatamab + durva) and 40.6% (durva) of pts. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune-effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) occurred in 49.6% and 1.1% of tarlatamab + durva pts and were mostly low grade (Table). Table: LBA3
1) Slide: NEJM article header: Tarlatamab–Durvalumab Maintenance · 2) Biomarker data: NEJM article header: Sacituzumab Tirumotecan plus · 3) Slide: NEJM article header: Divarasib as Compared with Sotorasib or Adagrasib · 4) Slide: NEJM article header: Osimertinib–Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC after
📣👏‼️ #BigStory @OncoAlert
🔥🚨Hot Off The Press from #ESMO26
‼️NOT 1️⃣ NOT 2️⃣ NOT 3️⃣ but rather:
⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️#FOUR 4️⃣ #Concomitant #Publications on #LungCancer published @NEJM (the world’s #Top #MedicalJournal) in conjunction with GREAT presentations @myESMO #ESMO26
✅ It’s an Era of GREAT #Research & #EraOfHope for #Patients with #LungCancer
👇🏻🧵Links to #Papers & #Summaries
1) Slide: title slide (ESMO 2026 LBA, presenter Jacob Sands, Dana-Farber) · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: OS KM: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab, 1L · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS KM: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab
💥Game-changer in small cell #lungcancer! #ESMO26 LBA3 DeLLphi-305: Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC (n=563) after chemo-IO. Median OS ⬆️ 21.1 vs 12.7 mo (HR 0.42), PFS ⬆️7.4 vs 1.9 mo (HR 0.34), ORR 26% vs 4%. ☢️44% of pts still on T+D due to #radiotherapy of oligoprogressive sites? #SCLC #LCSM @NEJM ➡️ https://t.co/nhVH10CQZG
LBA3 - Tarlatamab plus durvalumab (durva) vs durva as 1L maintenance (1LM) therapy following durva, platinum, and etoposide (1L durva + EP) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): Primary analysis of the phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial
Speakers Jacob Sands (Boston, United States of America)
Lecture Time 17:18 - 17:30
Abstract
Background
Adding tarlatamab to 1L ES-SCLC therapy showed encouraging efficacy in the phase 1b DeLLphi-303 study (NCT05361395). We report the primary analysis of the randomized phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial evaluating tarlatamab + durva vs durva as 1LM therapy for ES-SCLC.
Methods
563 patients (pts) with ES-SCLC without progression after 1L durva + EP were randomized (1:1) to receive either tarlatamab + durva (n = 282) or durva (n = 281) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tarlatamab was given 1 mg IV cycle 1 day 1 (C1D1); 10 mg IV C1D8, C1D15, then 10 mg IV Q2W; durva was given 1500 mg IV Q4W. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) with key secondary endpoint progression-free survival (PFS) per investigator assessment, each measured from time of randomization. Additional secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and safety.
Results
With median (m) follow-up time of 15.9 and 16.1 months (mo), respectively, tarlatamab + durva significantly improved OS (HR: 0.42; 95% CI 0.32, 0.54; P <0.001; mOS: 21.1 [95% CI, 20.8 to NE] vs 12.7 mo [95% CI, 11.2 to 14.8]). Tarlatamab + durva significantly improved PFS (HR: 0.34; 95% CI 0.28, 0.42; P < 0.001; mPFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 mo). ORR was 26.4% (95% CI 20.9%, 32.5%) for tarlatamab + durva and 4.1% (95% CI 2.0%, 7.4%) for durva (P < 0.001). Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs occurred in 46.8% (tarlatamab + durva) and 40.6% (durva) of pts. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune-effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) occurred in 49.6% and 1.1% of tarlatamab + durva pts and were mostly low grade (Table). Table: LBA3
| | Tarlatamab + durva (n = 282) | Durva (n = 281) |
OS
mOS, mo (95% CI) | 21.1 (20.8, NE) | 12.7 (11.2, 14.8)
HR (95% CI); P value | 0.42 (0.32, 0.54); P < 0.001 |
12 mo OS rate, % (95% CI) | 79.4 (74.2, 83.7) | 53.3 (47.3, 59.0)
Median follow-up, mo | 15.9 | 16.1
PFS
mPFS | 7.4 (5.6, 9.1) | 1.9 (1.9, 2.0)
HR (95% CI); P value | 0.34 (0.28, 0.42); P < 0.001 |
ORR, % (95% CI) | 26.4 (20.9, 32.5) | 4.1 (2.0, 7.4)
P value | P < 0.001 |
TEAEs, n (%) | (n = 282) | (n = 278)
Any grade | 281 (99.6) | 258 (92.8)
Gr ≥ 3 | 132 (46.8) | 113 (40.6)
CRS^a, n (%)
Any grade | 140 (49.6) | 4 (1.4)
Gr ≥ 3 | 1 (0.4) | 0
ICANS^a, n (%)
Any grade | 3 (1.1) | 0
Gr ≥ 3 | 0 | 0
^aNo fatal events occurred. NE, not estimable; Gr, grade; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event.
Conclusions
Tarlatamab + durva significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR in 1LM ES-SCLC. The overall incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups. CRS and ICANS events were primarily low grade and no fatal events occurred. These results establish tarlatamab + durva as a new standard of care 1LM therapy for ES-SCLC.
1) Trial design schema: GFH276 pan-RAS(ON) first-in-human study design, LBA33 · 2) Slide: GFH276 LBA33 demographics and disease characteristics, PDAC (N=73) and NSCLC (N=18) · 3) Response data: GFH276 LBA33 objective response: waterfall and ORR/DCR by dose, PDAC · 4) Safety data: GFH276 LBA33 safety profile: TRAE summary and common AEs at 40-160 mg
GFH276 pan-RAS (ON) molecular glue
➡️ph1/1b data; n=73 PDAC ,5-320mg
➡️no . prior lines tx =2
➡️ORR 41% in #PDAC, @ 40-160mg,
small nos with prior RASi
➡️Rash most common AE
As many trials move quickly to 1st line, how will we sequence??
@myESMO #ESMO26 @OncoAlert https://t.co/HCyGNgtR4b
#ESMO26 Presidential 1
Excellent state-of-the art discussion on #Dellphi-305 by the 1@only @StephenVLiu
emphasizing on:
➡️ 1L maintenance Tarla setting a new SoC with a mOS of>20 months
❓High attrition rate from induction to maintenance, need for earlier TCE ( Dellphi-312)
❌Only 19% of pts in control arm received 2L Tarla post-progression reflecting access hurdles
✅ Global access to Tarla will make innovation meaningful for our patients
@@myESMO #ESMOAmbassadors
Slide: Stephen Liu discussant slides on SCLC first-line IO history (CASPIAN, IMpower133), stage
Outstanding discussion by @StephenVLiu on the practice-changing DeLLphi-305 trial @sands_jacob . A new chapter in the treatment of ES-SCLC! #ESMO26. One year ago, we anticipated that we might finally be bending gravity. Today, that vision is becoming a reality!!!!!!👏👏👏👏👏 https://t.co/QDMrTH5l8L
1) Trial design schema: study design (Liu discussion, ESMO 2026 LBA3) · 2) Slide: ESMO EnLiST lines-of-therapy framework slide (ESMO 2026) · 3) Slide: Stephen Liu discussion — Other Questions (ESMO 2026 LBA3)
🔥 DeLLphi-305 shook the room at #ESMO26 and what a spectacular discussion by @StephenVLiu
Outstanding data deserve an equally outstanding discussion, and Stephen delivered! 👏
💥 OS HR 0.42 , unprecedented impact in ES-SCLC!
Key questions: CNS efficacy, long-term survival, predictive biomarkers and optimal treatment sequencing.
Encouraging outpatient feasibility and improved monitoring requirements.
And one crucial message: global access to this breakthrough treatment must become a priority.
Spectacular science, spectacular discussion! A truly unforgettable ESMO Plenary!
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #DeLLphi305 #SCLC #LungCancer
[Slide 2]
Tarlatamab: DeLLphi-305: Study Design
IMforte: -27% (A —— B annotation line above induction box)
1L Chemo-IO: Platinum-etoposide + durvalumab(a) induction therapy (4 cycles)
Key Inclusion Criteria: • Age ≥ 18 years • No disease progression • ECOG PS 0–1 • Asymptomatic untreated or treated brain metastasis
Stratification Factors: • Brain and/or liver metastasis (Yes/No) • Response to 1L chemo-IO (PR/CR vs SD) • Prior platinum type (cisplatin vs carboplatin)
R 1:1, N = 563
Treatment until progression or unacceptable toxicity
Tarlatamab (10 mg Q2W)b + Durvalumab (1500 mg Q4W)c, n = 282
Durvalumab (1500 mg Q4W)c, n = 281
Primary Endpoint: OS
Key Secondary Endpoint: PFS
Secondary Endpoints: ORR, DOR, safety
Interim analysis for OS: 243 (61% IF) OS events, 0.008 two-sided P-value boundary
Endpoints were tested sequentially according to a prespecified hierarchical testing strategy: OS → PFS → ORR
Sands, ESMO 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
[Slide 3]
EnLiST
ESMO ADAPTATION OF LINES OF SYSTEMIC THERAPY
Annals of Oncology — SPECIAL ARTICLE — K.S. Saimi, M. Koopman et al., 2026
ESMO adaptation of Lines of Systemic Therapy (EnLiST): a consensus framework for standardising the designation of lines of therapy in solid tumours
EnLiST (ESMO adaptation of Lines of Systemic Therapy) is a consensus framework developed to standardize how lines of systemic anticancer therapy (LoT) are assigned in solid tumors.
Importantly, a change in treatment does not necessarily mean a new line of therapy. EnLiST distinguishes between three situations:
• Same LoT: Treatment is continued or simplified (e.g., chemotherapy is stopped and maintenance immunotherapy continues), without disease progression.
• Modified LoT: A new anticancer agent is added to an ongoing regimen without disease progression or inadequate response.
• New LoT: Treatment is changed because of clinical disease progression or an inadequate response to the previous regimen.
EnLiST: Assigning Lines of Therapy (LoT)
Change in systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) can result in New LoT or Modified LoT or Same LoT
Reason for Change of SACT
New LoT: Clinical progression of disease (cPD); OR Lack of adequate tumour response
Modified LoT: Intolerability; OR Adding anticancer agent(s) to ongoing SACT (A→A + B) e.g. after performance status improves; OR Miscellaneous (Financial, logistic, drug (non)availability, delayed availability of biomarker results, etc.)
Same LoT: Prospectively planned; OR Change in dose, schedule, route; OR Dropping anticancer agent(s) from ongoing SACT (A+B→A); OR Re-introduced after 'drug holiday'
LoT is recorded separately for three settings: eLoT: Early-stage disease setting; aLoT: Advanced-stage disease setting; iLoT: Assigned to SACT comprised of only investigational agents, irrespective of disease setting
eLoT, aLoT, and iLoT are each recorded separately as X.Y (i.e., two numerals separated by a decimal point)
New LoT: Assigned the next sequential value to the left of the decimal point; E.g. following eLoT 1.0, next New eLoT will be eLoT 2.0; X refers to total number of New LoTs received by the patient to date
Modified LoT: Assigned the next sequential value to the right of the decimal point; E.g. following aLoT 1.0, next Modified aLoT will be aLoT 1.1; Y refers to total number of Modified LoTs received by the patient since the most recent New LoT
EnLiST Framework is applicable to routine patient care and clinical trials
Reference: ESMO adaptation of Lines of Systemic Therapy (EnLiST), Annals of Oncology, 2026.
[Slide 4]
Other Questions
• Should we be starting even earlier?
• Integration into induction could increase impact but does it impact efficacy/safety?
• Limited stage consolidation?
• Would other induction strategies be more effective?
• Antibody drug conjugates can induce very deep responses
• Better partners for T-cell engagers?
• Role for bispecific antibodies to replace checkpoint inhibitors?
• Optimal dosing schedule and duration of therapy?
• Patient selection and biomarkers
Stephen Liu, MD
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: discussion (Stephen Liu): efficacy KM curve · 2) Slide: discussion (Stephen Liu): tarlatamab delivery and monitoring
Pivotal #DeLLphi305 data @sands_jacob 👏, w/ a phenomenal discussion by @StephenVLiu w/ two standout quotes:
⭐️ "Innovation loses impact if it doesn't reach the patients who need it most"
⭐️ "It is not enough to know if the drugs work or how well they work, we need to know why and in whom they work to make better individualized decisions"
1) Slide: Stephen Liu LBA3 discussion: attrition and rationale · 2) Biomarker data: Stephen Liu LBA3 discussion: tarlatamab
A masterclass in how to deliver an outstanding scientific discussion at #ESMO26! 👏
Highly recommend watching @StephenVLiu’s discussion of the incredible DeLLphi-305 results presented by @sands_jacob.
What made it so effective?
🔹 Started with the unmet clinical need, not the trial data.
🔹 Critically appraised the evidence while explaining what it means for patients.
🔹 Moved beyond what the trial showed to why it matters and what questions come next.
🔹 Connected efficacy, safety and real-world access into one compelling narrative.
🔹Masterful delivery. Purposeful pauses, variation in tone and pitch, and virtually no filler words.
He finished with a powerful reminder: “innovation loses impact if it doesn’t reach the patients who need it most.”
A great discussant doesn’t just summarise or repeat results. They help us understand what changes, what remains uncertain and what the field must do next.
Science communication at its best! 👏
[Slide 1]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium I
CHAIRS: FABRICE ANDRÉ, JAMES LARKIN
Attrition and the Rationale for Maintenance Strategies
- Despite high rates of relapse, most patients do not receive any second-line therapy
- Prospective LALUCA registry
- 203 patients with ES-SCLC
- 37% received second-line therapy
- Maintenance strategies appealing in SCLC
- Expect deepening of RR & prolongation of PFS at the cost of added toxicity
- Relevant endpoint is survival
Trial | Maintenance Agent | Overall Survival
E7593 Schiller, JCO 2001 | Topotecan | OS 8.9 vs 9.3m (ns)
NCIC BR.20 Arnold, JCO 2007 | Vandetanib | OS HR 1.43 (ns)
CALGB 30504 Ready, JCO 2015 | Sunitinib | OS HR 1.28 (ns)
CheckMate 451 Owonikoko, JCO 2021 | Nivolumab / Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | OS HR 0.84 (ns) / OS HR 0.92 (ns)
STOMP Woll, Lung Cancer 2022 | Olaparib bid / Olaparib tid | OS HR 0.85 (ns) / OS HR 1.03 (ns)
Moser, Lung Cancer 2026
[Sankey chart of treatment lines 1-3 by regimen group: labels illegible]
Stephen Liu, MD
Stephen Liu - Invited Discussant LBA3
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 2]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium I
CHAIRS: FABRICE ANDRÉ, JAMES LARKIN
Tarlatamab: Predictive Biomarkers?
- Positive or negative predictive biomarkers could help guide strategies
- DLL3 expression has potential in this setting
- DeLLphi-304: 2L tarlatamab vs chemotherapy
DLL3 IHC | Tarlatamab OS | Chemo OS | OS HR
< 25% | 7.8 months | 7.9 months | 0.954
≥ 25% | 17.1 months | 9.6 months | 0.505
- DLL3 expression on CTCs being explored
- DLL3 high: RR 75%
- DLL3 low: RR 11%
[Inset DeLLphi-304 OS KM curve and waterfall plot: small text illegible]
Rudin, ASCO 2025; EMA EPAR; Mishra, Cancer Disc 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
Stephen Liu - Invited Discussant LBA3
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Outstanding presentation by our very own @DanaFarber @sands_jacob ! DeLLphi-305: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab as 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC improved median OS to 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42). A major advance for patients with SCLC! #ESMO26 @oncoalert @myESMO https://t.co/UxKz3Qgjp7
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
- Tarlatamab plus durvalumab significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR versus durvalumab in patients with ES-SCLC without progression after initial chemo plus durvalumab
- 58% reduction in the risk of death; P < 0.001
- 66% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death; P < 0.001
- ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%; P < 0.001
- Survival benefit extended to all pre-defined subgroups including patients with brain metastases, liver metastases, or minimal response to initial chemo plus durvalumab
- Tarlatamab plus durvalumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile with low rates of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events
DeLLphi-305 outcomes support tarlatamab plus durvalumab as a new standard of care first-line maintenance therapy in ES-SCLC
Chemo, chemotherapy; CRS, cytokine release syndrome; DOR, duration of response; ES-SCLC, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer; ICANS, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
Slide: efficacy vs IMforte cross-trial table, discussant Stephen Liu, ESMO 2026
#ESMO26 Presidential I: Dellphi305: Ph III Maint Tarla+Durva v Durva in 1L ES SCLC🔥
- mOS HR 0.42 (21.1m v 12.2m, p<0.001)
- superb discussion by @StephenVLiu highlighting change in biology of SCLC post Tarla, oligomet paradigms seen
- rousing call for access
@OncoAlert #LCSM https://t.co/apE2kEqmll
Tarlatamab: DeLLphi-305: Efficacy
| DeLLphi-305 Tarla/Durva vs Durva | IMforte Lurbi/Atezo vs Atezo
Median OS | 21.1 vs 12.7m | 13.2 vs 10.6m
1y OS rate | 79% vs 53% | 56% vs 44%
OS HR | 0.42 | 0.73
Median PFS | 7.4 vs 1.9m | 5.4 vs 2.1m
1y PFS rate | 38% vs 10% | 21% vs 12%
PFS HR | 0.34 | 0.54
• Real signs of durable benefit
• With 16m median follow up
• 79% of patients alive at 1 year
• 44% of patients remain on tarlatamab
• Is tarlatamab changing SCLC biology?
• Treatment beyond progression permitted
• Local therapy could be employed to address oligoprogression
Sands, ESMO 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
[Embedded KM curve thumbnail: legend and number-at-risk text illegible]
Slide: The changing face of small cell lung cancer: biologic subtypes, discussion
✨✨Hope alert: @sands_jacob shows that adding tarla to durva for maintenance therapy significantly improves survival to 21.1mo!
Followed by a masterful discussion by @StephenVLiu integrating clinical outcomes including tox, translational thoughts, and accessibility!
"We cannot allow the inequities in the delivery of our care be our legacy"
#ESMO26 @OncoAlert
The Changing Face of Small Cell Lung Cancer
• Small cell lung cancer being seen more in patients with no smoking history
• Biologically distinct subtypes
• Typical TP53/Rb1 loss
• Atypical TP53/Rb1 intact
• Chromothripsis of ch11/12
• Extrachromosomal amplification
• CCND1
• CCND2/CDK4/MDM2
Cohort Selection: SCLC with tNGS (n=600)
never/ light (<10 py) smoker
RB1+/TP53− smoker SCLC | 6%
RB1−/TP53+ smoker SCLC | <1%
RB1+/TP53+ "atypical SCLC" (aSCLC) | 3%
RB1−/TP53− never-smoker SCLC (nsSCLC) | 3%
RB1−/TP53− smoker SCLC | ~88%
Rekhtman, Cancer Disc 2024
Stephen Liu, MD
Stephen Liu, Invited Discussant LBA3
Impressive results from phase III DeLLphi-305 at #ESMO26 @sands_jacob: Adding tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance in ES-SCLC 1-y OS nearly 80%!!!
🔹 OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 mo (HR 0.42)
🔹 PFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 mo (HR 0.34)
A standing ovation!” 👏👏👏👏A major step forward for SCLC! @NEJM https://t.co/DLSwuhPS9W
1) Response data: extended follow-up duration of response curve · 2) Safety data: extended follow-up: TRAEs by time on treatment
📈 Update on tarlatamab in 2L ES-SCLC from DeLLphi-305.
🧀 Small fraction of patients obtained long-term benefit as shown by 16% of patients w/o disease progression at 16 months.
✅ Better OS and tolerance compared to chemo, though. #ESMO26 #LCSM https://t.co/0QLRIApP8x
Great discussion as always by great orator of our times .
This gives great hope in disease where hope is in short supply.
@StephenVLiu 👍 @myESMO #ESMO26 @OncoAlert https://t.co/I614b8cVpm
[Slide 1]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium I
CHAIRS: FABRICE ANDRÉ, JAMES LARKIN
Tarlatamab: DeLLphi-305: Efficacy
[Thumbnail of DeLLphi-305 OS KM curve: 21.1 (20.8–NE) vs 12.7 (11.2–14.8); HR 0.42 (0.32–0.54); P < 0.001; 92%/75% at 6 mo, 79%/53% at 12 mo]
| DeLLphi-305 (Tarla/Durva vs Durva) | IMforte (Lurbi/Atezo vs Atezo)
Median OS | 21.1 vs 12.7m | 13.2 vs 10.6m
1y OS rate | 79% vs 53% | 56% vs 44%
OS HR | 0.42 | 0.73
Median PFS | 7.4 vs 1.9m | 5.4 vs 2.1m
1y PFS rate | 38% vs 10% | 21% vs 12%
PFS HR | 0.34 | 0.54
• Real signs of durable benefit
• With 16m median follow up
• 79% of patients alive at 1 year
• 44% of patients remain on tarlatamab
• Is tarlatamab changing SCLC biology?
• Treatment beyond progression permitted
• Local therapy could be employed to address oligoprogression
• CNS efficacy?
• QoL, PROs?
• Long-term, landmark survival?
Sands, ESMO 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
Stephen Liu — Invited Discussant LBA3
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 2]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium I
CHAIRS: FABRICE ANDRÉ, JAMES LARKIN
Tarlatamab: DeLLphi-304
• Cytokine release syndrome (CRS)
• Immune effector cell neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS)
• Initial recommendation for 22-24h observation on cycle 1, days 1 and 8
[Bar chart] Percentage of patients, % | CRS | ICANS
Overall* | 56 | 6
Grade 1 | 42 | 3
Grade 2 | 13 | 3
Grade 3 | 1 | 0
Serious | 17 | 4
Discontinuations | 0.4 | 0.4
Fatal | 0 | 0.4
Table 1. Recommended Dosage and Schedule of IMDELLTRA
Dosing Schedule | Day | Dose of IMDELLTRA | Administration Instructions | Recommended Monitoring
Step-up Dosing Schedule Cycle 1 | Day 1a | Step-up dosea 1 mg | Administer IMDELLTRA as a 1-hour intravenous infusion in an appropriate healthcare setting. | Monitor patients from the start of the IMDELLTRA infusion for 22 to 24 hours on Cycle 1 Day 1 and Cycle 1 Day 8 in an appropriate healthcare setting. Recommend that patients remain within 1-hour of an appropriate healthcare setting for a total of 48 hours from start of the infusion with IMDELLTRA, accompanied by a caregiver.
| Day 8a | 10 mga | |
| Day 15 | 10 mg | | Observe patients for 6-8 hours post IMDELLTRA infusiona.
Rudin, ASCO 2025; FDA.gov
Stephen Liu, MD
[Speaker panel] Stephen Liu | Invited Discussant LBA3
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 4]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium I
CHAIRS: FABRICE ANDRÉ, JAMES LARKIN
Tarlatamab: DeLLphi-305: Safety
CRSa,b, n (%) | Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (n = 282) | Durvalumab (n = 278)
Any grade | 140 (49.6) | 4 (1.4)
Grade 2 | 21 (7.4) | 2 (0.7)
Grade 3 | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0)
Grade 4 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0)
Serious adverse events | 36 (12.8) | 2 (0.7)
Leading to discontinuation of tarlatamab | 1 (0.4) | NA
Fatal adverse events | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0)
Utilization of any CRS interventionsc | 65 (23.0) | 2 (0.7)
• CRS seen in 50% of patients
• 84% of CRS cases were grade 1
• Likely under-reporting with less observation but did not translate into high grade CRS
• CRS leading to discontinuation of tarlatamab in one patient (0.4%)
• Due to less disease burden?
Sands, ESMO 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
[Speaker panel] Stephen Liu | Invited Discussant LBA3
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
1) Slide: DLL3 T-cell engagers as a subset of the TCE superfamily (target antigen map) · 2) Safety data: Tarlatamab most common adverse events in DeLLphi-301, 10 mg vs 100 · 3) Slide: Clinical and laboratory risk criteria for cytokine release syndrome
#ESMO26 : A great brainstorming summit on #SCLC organized by @LungSummit in a fully packed auditorium+overflow following yesterday’s announcement of DeLlphi-305;
➡️ The chemoIO landscape in 1L @MartinReck2
➡️ T-cell engager clinical development @peters_solange
➡️ Management οf CRS and ICANS @g_mountzios
➡️ Sequencing and combinations @NReguart
A heartfelt 🙏 for your presence, interaction and tons of questions!!!
#ESMOAmbassadors
DeLLphi-305; ES-SCLC; nearly 2y mOS; Strong PFS signal; this is about the strongest data I’ve seen in this space. @BTOGORG #ESMO26 https://t.co/rukehL59lQ
Tarlatamab plus durvalumab showed a manageable safety profile consistent with the individual agents
DeLLphi 305
| Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (n = 282) | Durvalumab (n = 278)
Median duration of treatment, weeks (IQR) | 46.9 (16.4–65.6) | 8.1 (4.1–20.1)
Any grade TEAEs, n (%) | 281 (99.6) | 258 (92.8)
Grade ≥ 3, n (%) | 132 (46.8) | 113 (40.6)
Serious, n (%) | 118 (41.8) | 88 (31.7)
Fatal, n (%) | 13 (4.6) | 13 (4.7)
Leading to discontinuation of tarlatamab, n (%) | 16 (5.7) | NA
Leading to discontinuation of durvalumab, n (%) | 16 (5.7) | 16 (5.8)
Any grade, TRAEsa, n (%) | 268 (95.0) | 145 (52.2)
Grade ≥ 3, n (%) | 59 (20.9) | 30 (10.8)
Serious, n (%) | 63 (22.3) | 26 (9.4)
Fatal, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.7)
Leading to discontinuation of tarlatamab, n (%) | 9 (3.2) | NA
Leading to discontinuation of durvalumab, n (%) | 9 (3.2) | 10 (3.6)
• The grade ≥ 3 TRAEs occurring in ≥ 1% of the patients included neutrophil count decreased, neutropenia, and decreased appetite in the tarlatamab plus durvalumab arm, and pneumonitis, AST increased and lipase increased in the durvalumab arm
• Treatment with tarlatamab plus durvalumab resulted in a low frequency of treatment discontinuations and no treatment-related fatalities
Data cut-off date: 7 JUL 2026
aRelated to any treatment.
AST, aspartate aminotransferase; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse events; TRAE, treatment-related adverse events.
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
11
Biomarker data: Tarlatamab predictive biomarkers: DLL3 IHC and CTC DLL3
I very much enjoyed the discussion by @StephenVLiu of DeLLphi-305 (tarlatamab + durvalumab as maintenance therapy in ES-SCLC at #ESMO26
👏👏👏
#ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/Wl31gpUtEu
Tarlatamab: Predictive Biomarkers?
• Positive or negative predictive biomarkers could help guide strategies
• DLL3 expression has potential in this setting
• DeLLphi-304: 2L tarlatamab vs chemotherapy
[Small embedded DeLLphi-304 OS KM curve, tarlatamab vs chemotherapy — values too small to read]
DLL3 IHC | Tarlatamab OS | Chemo OS | OS HR
< 25% | 7.8 months | 7.9 months | 0.954
≥ 25% | 17.1 months | 9.6 months | 0.505
• DLL3 expression on CTCs being explored
• DLL3 high: RR 75%
• DLL3 low: RR 11%
[Small embedded waterfall plot with DLL3% row — values too small to read]
Rudin, ASCO 2025; EMA EPAR; Mishra, Cancer Disc 2026
Stephen Liu, MD
Slide: NEJM summary card for tarlatamab–durvalumab in small-cell lung cancer with survival
Changes soon (NICE/CDF pending)
1. DeLLphi-305
Tarlatamab + durvalumab as first-line maintenance in SCLC. New SoC. median OS 21.1m vs 12.7m. NEJM
2. SAFFRON
Osimertinib + savolitinib new SoC after osimertinib progression with MET driven resistance. OS 17.8m Vs 12.9. NEJM
#ESMO26 https://t.co/noByEiHPva
Tarlatamab–durvalumab
Durvalumab
Percentage of Patients
Months
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Tarlatamab–Durvalumab in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
M. Pérol and Others
In a prespecified interim analysis of a phase 3 trial involving patients with extensive-stage SCLC, the median overall survival was 21.1 months with tarlatamab–durvalumab maintenance therapy and 12.7 months with durvalumab alone.
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (per summary text; axis unlabelled)
Tarlatamab–durvalumab | 21.1
Durvalumab | 12.7
6 mo: 91.5 (tarlatamab–durvalumab) vs 74.6 (durvalumab)
12 mo: 79.4 vs 53.3
1) Slide: ICANS safety table, discussant Stephen Liu · 2) Slide: CRS safety table, discussant Stephen Liu
Learning about small cell lung from thoughtful discussant @StephenVLiu — new group of non smokers w small cell & w high clinical need for new treatments. Always mindful on patient access turning advances into impact.
@oncoalert #ESMO26 @myESMO https://t.co/ICIlQB7mgz
@StephenVLiu highlights the profound/fundamental benefits of starlatamab in DeLLphi in an exceptional discussion:
☑️PFS
☑️OS
☑️manageable tox
☑️changing biology
And sounding and looking like the best ever sports broadcaster- lets just say it in sports terms:
This study achieved a real grand slam against SCLC!
#lcsm
#ESMO26
Bispecific T-Cell Engagers
• Strong rationale that BiTEs perform better in low disease burden states
• Greater effector molecule to target ratio
• Greater tumor accessibility for T-cells
• Less antigen mass may decrease CRS and ICANS
• Less T-cell exhaustion from chronic antigen stimulation
• Decreased heterogeneity and potentially fewer antigen-negative clone
[Diagram: T cell – CD3 – DLL3 – SCLC cell]
Goebeler, Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; Owonikoko, ASCO 2021
Stephen Liu, MD
1) Slide: NEJM title page: Tarlatamab-Durvalumab Maintenance for Extensive-Stage · 2) Safety data: NEJM Table 3: adverse events, tarlatamab-durvalumab
Tarlatamab-durvalumab maintenance by Perol and @sands_jacob @NEJM for ES-SCLC discussed by @StephenVLiu at @myESMO
Take: DeLLphi-305, phase 3, n=563, maintenance after 1L chemoimmunotherapy without progression. Median OS 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42, P<0.001). Median PFS 7.4 vs 1.9 months (HR 0.34). 12-month OS 79.4% vs 53.3%. Grade ≥3 events 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS, mainly grade 1-2, in nearly half the tarlatamab arm.
As expected D-305 moves tarla into first-line maintenance and nearly doubles median survival in a disease where 12-13 months has been the ceiling for years. If we are honest, unless we make big change due to CRS and tocilizumab it will be hard to make tarlatamab mainstream to most patients even in the US and LMICs.
#LCSM #SCLC #clinicaltrials
1) Trial design schema: study design: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab, 1L · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: OS KM: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab, 1L · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS KM: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab · 4) Slide: CRS and ICANS events table (Jacob Sands) - table values blurry
🔥🔥🔥 #ESMO26 DeLLphi-305 in @NEJM
Tarlatamab + durva vs durva as 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC (n=563)
➡️ mOS 21.1 vs 12.7 mo | HR 0.42
➡️ mPFS 7.4 vs 1.9 mo | HR 0.34
➡️ ORR 26% vs 4% | CR 0.9% | mDoR 12.7 mo
➡️ G≥3 AEs 47% vs 41% | CRS in ~50%, mostly G1-2, manageable
🔍 OS here is a game changer. New 1L maintenance standard, ahead of lurbi-atezo.
🙋CRs almost absent and DoR ~1 year. Still far from the long-term tail we see with PD-1 blockade in other tumour types. We can’t cure without CRs
@myESMO @_SEOM @OncoAlert @Larvol
#LCSM #SCLC
Striking results from DeLLphi-305 in SCLC topped with an emotional standing ovation. Mainteinance Tarlatamab is actually more like a second induction-treatment rather than a proper mainteinance! Kudos to @sands_jacob for the magistral presentation
#ESMO26 #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/2w1PXt8jLu
Biomarker data: DeLLphi-303 poster 3821P - extended follow-up of tarlatamab plus
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥DeLLphi-303: Sustained Survival With Extended Follow-Up of Tarlatamab Plus Anti-PD-L1 as First-Line Maintenance (1LM) After Chemoimmunotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC): Phase 1b Study
🎙️Dr. Martin Wermke
🔢3821P
🎯24-Mo OS Rate 58.1% (n=88; Median Follow-Up 29.4mo)
🎯Median PFS 5.6mo
🎯No New Safety Signals During Extended Follow-Up
☑️NCT05361395
🔗 https://t.co/kuH8lFZTYw
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Kaplan-Meier survival data: tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab overall survival
Amazing result from Delphi 305 study in SCLC presented at ESMO! Tarlatamab plus Durvalumab as maintenance in 1.line treatment most likely new standard. However, better than Tarlatamab in 2.line, which is current SOC? https://t.co/61P4GpLYgx
Slide: NEJM appendix: Table S4 subsequent anti-cancer treatment by region and Figure S3 OS subgroup
DeLLphi-305 appendix @NEJM : a DLL3 T-cell engager was given at progression to 64% of control patients in the USA vs 5% in Europe.
OS HR: Americas 0.82 (0.39–1.71) vs Europe 0.36.
Small subgroups, but in the TCE era OS depends on 2L access. Same trial, different answer. #ESMO26 https://t.co/GwhlVg8T1x
1) Slide: NEJM Group journal-article summary: tarlatamab added to durvalumab · 2) Slide: NEJM Group article excerpt: clinician-guide Dr. Narjust Florez commentary
In extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, many of our patients never make it to second-line therapy.
Adding tarlatamab to durvalumab in first-line maintenance gives them our most active agent while they can still benefit. 80% were alive one year after starting maintenance, including patients with brain and liver metastases.
CRS was mostly limited to the first two doses, with no serious neurologic events.
Small steps in SCLC, but this one matters for our patients. 💙
#ESMO26
[Slide 2]
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tarlatamab Added to Durvalumab Improves OS and PFS in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Renée Ruthel
For patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, adding tarlatamab to durvalumab during maintenance therapy significantly improves overall survival and progression-free survival, according to the industry-funded DeLLphi-305 trial. Results of the prespecified interim analysis were reported at the conference and published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
[Slide 3]
Our clinician-guide Dr. Narjust Florez offered her take: In extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, progress has come in small steps, and many patients never receive second-line therapy, so moving tarlatamab into first-line maintenance makes clinical sense and means patients get the most active agent while still eligible to benefit. In this study, 80% of patients were alive one year after starting maintenance. This benefit was seen in patients with brain and liver metastases, which traditionally have a worse prognosis. Toxicity was manageable, with no serious neurologic events, and CRS was seen mainly after the first two doses.
Ippokratis Korantzis, Medical Oncologist, MD, PhD@newsincancer
Slide: NEJM article header and author list: Tarlatamab–Durvalumab
Proud to share that the primary analysis of the phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial was presented today at #ESMO2026 in Madrid by Dr. Jacob Sands and simultaneously published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
DeLLphi-305 evaluated tarlatamab plus durvalumab versus durvalumab alone as first-line maintenance therapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a disease where our patients urgently need better options.
It is a true honor and a great joy to be part of the author group of this study, alongside such an outstanding international team of investigators. Above all, my gratitude goes to the patients and families who took part.
I would also like to thank the Greek thoracic oncology community, which keeps making remarkable strides on the global stage, with a stronger presence at international congresses every single year.
A heartfelt thank you to the clinical trials team of the 4th Oncology Department at the Interbalkan European Medical Center for their dedication and hard work behind every enrolled patient.
And most of all, to my wife and co-PI, Dr. @ZairiEleni Eleni Zairi. Without her hard work, none of this would have been possible.
#ESMO2026 #SCLC #LungCancer #ClinicalTrials #Oncology #NEJM #DeLLphi305
In DeLLphi-305: The combination of Tarlatamab+ Durvalumab improves both OS (21 vs 12 months HR 0.42) and PFS in ES-SCLC. This is remarkable in such a lethal disease with high recurrence rates and mortality. #ESMO2026 #ESMOAmbassadors @myESMO @StephenVLiu @tompowles1 @FAndreMD https://t.co/fE2K7k2Jha
Conclusions
DeLLphi 305
• Tarlatamab plus durvalumab significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR versus durvalumab in patients with ES-SCLC without progression after initial chemo plus durvalumab
• 58% reduction in the risk of death; P < 0.001
• 66% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death; P < 0.001
• ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%; P < 0.001
• Survival benefit extended to all pre-defined subgroups including patients with brain metastases, liver metastases, or minimal response to initial chemo plus durvalumab
• Tarlatamab plus durvalumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile with low rates of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events
DeLLphi-305 outcomes support tarlatamab plus durvalumab as a new standard of care first-line maintenance therapy in ES-SCLC
Jacob Sands, MD | Tarlatamab plus durvalumab as 1L M therapy in ES-SCLC: primary analysis from DeLLphi-305 phase 3 study
1) Slide: Attrition and rationale for maintenance strategies in SCLC · 2) Biomarker data: Tarlatamab predictive biomarkers — DLL3 IHC and DeLLphi-304 · 3) Slide: Select T-cell engagers in development for SCLC (Liu discussion, ESMO 2026)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Presidential I Discussion🌟
🔥Redefining Possibilities in SCLC. And Maintaining Hope.
🎙️ @StephenVLiu
🎯Attrition and the Rationale for Maintenance Strategies
🎯Biomarkers for Tarlatamab?
🎯Still Challenging SCLC and Access Issues with Tarlatamab
🎯New Hope Under Development in Multiple Trials
🔗 https://t.co/qgfhNZriEK
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO
1) Slide: participating US sites and investigators list (table excerpt) · 2) Slide: Screenshot of journal supplementary figure
How is it possible that, with all these hospitals in the study actively recruiting, they contributed ONLY slightly more than ±10% of the patients for the study #DeLLphi-305? I can´t understand it #SCLC #Tarlatamab #ESMO26 https://t.co/kIXtC6kTtR
[Slide 1]
United States |
Wake Forest University Health Sciences Clinical Research Unit | William Petty
Yale Cancer Center | Anne Chiang
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey | Missak Haigentz
Swedish Cancer Institute | Kelly Paulson
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center | Afshin Dowlati
Dana Farber Cancer Institute | Jacob Sands
Montefiore Medical Center - Bronx | Balazs Halmos
Medical University of South Carolina | Mariam Alexander
Mayo Clinic | Konstantinos Leventakos
Baptist Cancer Center | Philip Lammers
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center | Carl Gay
Franciscan Health Indianapolis | Nibal Saad
Cancer and Hematology Centers of Western Michigan | Eric Santos; Yuanbin Chen (previous investigator)
Sarah Cannon Research Institute Oncology Partners | Melissa Johnson
Allegheny Health Network | Ariel Lopez-Chavez
Astera Cancer Care | Bruno Fang
Oncology Hematology Care Incorporated | Jayadev Mettu
Virginia Oncology Associates | John Paschold
University of Illinois Chicago | Frank Weinberg
University Cancer and Blood Center LLC | Charles Bodine
Oncology Associates of Oregon, PC | Bo Wang
[Slide 2]
Figure S3. Overall Survival Analysis in Prespecified Subgroups
Subgroup | Tarlatamab + Durvalumab (no. of events / no. of patients) | Durvalumab (no. of events / no. of patients) | Hazard Ratio for Death (95% CI)
Age
< 65 years | 34 / 139 | 69 / 133 | 0.36 (0.24–0.54)
≥ 65 years | 53 / 143 | 87 / 148 | 0.48 (0.34–0.67)
Sex
Male | 64 / 197 | 120 / 201 | 0.38 (0.28–0.51)
Female | 23 / 85 | 36 / 80 | 0.56 (0.33–0.94)
Race
White | 54 / 163 | 108 / 181 | 0.40 (0.29–0.56)
Black | 0 / 4 | 0 / 4 | -
Asian | 31 / 109 | 45 / 92 | 0.47 (0.30–0.74)
Other | 2 / 6 | 3 / 4 | -
Region
Americas | 13 / 36 | 16 / 39 | 0.82 (0.39–1.71)
Asia-Pacific | 32 / 114 | 51 / 101 | 0.43 (0.28–0.67)
Europe | 42 / 132 | 89 / 141 | 0.36 (0.25–0.52)
Presence (previous or current) of brain metastases
Yes | 15 / 55 | 26 / 56 | 0.49 (0.26–0.93)
No | 72 / 227 | 130 / 225 | 0.41 (0.30–0.54)
The biggest breakthrough in extensive-stage SCLC in decade
21.1 vs 12.7 months median OS. HR 0.42.
DeLLphi-305 may have just rewritten the future of first-line maintenance in SCLC.
The question is how soon we can make it accessible to our patients.
#ESMO26 #SCLC #DeLLphi305 https://t.co/fPTCdv5Pra
Create a free account, pick the tumor types you cover, and go beyond the tweet — the intelligence pharma teams use to map influence and prepare for engagement:
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Drug access
[World map]
Sotorasib only: Japan • Germany • Spain • Canada • Netherlands • Norway • Austria • Israel • Sweden • Czech Republic • Slovenia • South Korea • Finland
Sotorasib + adagrasib: United States • Italy • Poland
Chinese KRAS G12C inhibitors: China — Fulzerasib • Garsorasib • Glecirasib • Sosimerasib
• Excluding China, 87% of the global population has no access to KRASi
• Will these countries accept sotorasib / adagrasib as a control arm ?
• What will be the impact of new regulations ?
Image generated with copilot
Benjamin BESSE
Speaker panel: Benjamin Besse — Invited Discussant LBA5
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
1) Trial design schema: Krascendo 1 phase III study design: divarasib · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Krascendo 1 overall survival KM curve, divarasib · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Krascendo 1 PFS by BICR KM curve, divarasib vs control
New standard of care for KRAS G12C mutation positive NSCLC. @FSkoulidis presents Krascendo-1 head to head trial of divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib- convincing improving PFS (9.8 m vs 5.7 m, HR 0.58) and OS (17.7m vs 12.0m, HR 0.58) https://t.co/6sxEHeDjAq
Slide: (LBA5) results table - divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib, efficacy and safety
#ESMO26 LBA5
🚨 Krascendo-1 (Phase 3)
Divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC after platinum chemotherapy and immunotherapy (n=338).
💊 91% of controls received sotorasib (only 9% adagrasib).
✅ mPFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 mo (HR 0.58; P<0.0001)
✅ mOS: 17.7 vs 12.0 mo (HR 0.56; P=0.0005)
✅ ORR: 58.4% vs 32.3%
🛡️ Safety
• G3–4 TRAEs: 24.6% vs 34.5%
• TRAE-related discontinuation: 4.8% vs 11.7%
• Median treatment duration: 11.3 vs 5.0 mo
Impressive head-to-head PFS and OS benefits, with fewer severe TRAEs despite longer treatment exposure.
#LCSM
Slide: Besse discussion: population, control-arm choice, KEAP1 and brain-metastasis rates
Brilliant discussion from Dr. @BenjaminBesseMD at #ESMO26 on the Krascendo 1 study of divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib. Rightly points out lack of crossover in a study with a PFS endpoint as unjust. Excellent points all around. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/AZp29NMYLI
Slide: LBA5 Krascendo 1 abstract (Ferdinandos Skoulidis): divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib
🆙#ESMO26 Presidential Symposium II: #LCSM
🔥Krascendo 1: Efficacy and Safety of Divarasib (Diva) vs Sotorasib (Soto) or Adagrasib (Ada) in Previously Treated Locally Advanced or Metastatic KRAS G12C-Mutated NSCLC
🎙️ @FSkoulidis
🔢LBA5
🎯Significantly Improved PFS (9.8 vs 5.7mo, HR 0.58; n=338) and OS (17.7 vs 12.0mo, HR 0.56, p=0.0005)
🎯ORR 58.4% vs 32.3%
🎯Discontinuation Due to TRAEs 4.8% vs 11.7%
☑️NCT06497556
🔗 https://t.co/bIUj6lFjno
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @KRASKickers
LBA5 - Krascendo 1: Efficacy and safety of divarasib (diva) vs sotorasib (soto) or adagrasib (ada) in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Speakers Ferdinandos Skoulidis (Houston, United States of America, TX)
Lecture Time 16:30 - 16:42
Abstract
Background
Diva is an oral, next-generation KRAS G12C inhibitor that is more potent and selective for KRAS G12C in vitro than soto or ada. We report the primary analysis of Krascendo 1 (NCT06497556), a phase 3, global, randomised, open-label trial of diva vs soto or ada in advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
Methods
Eligible patients (pts) aged ≥18 years had an ECOG PS of 0/1 and ≥1 prior systemic treatment (tx; including anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and platinum-based chemotherapy) for advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC. Pts were randomised 1:1 to diva (400 mg PO QD) or investigator's choice of soto (960 mg PO QD) or ada (600 mg PO BID). Stratification factors: KEAP1 status, history of CNS metastases and intended KRAS G12C inhibitor (soto/ada). Tx continued until unacceptable toxicity, clinical benefit loss, consent withdrawal or death. Primary endpoint: PFS per blinded independent committee review (BICR). Secondary endpoints included OS, confirmed ORR per BICR (RECIST 1.1), patient-reported outcomes, DoR and safety.
Results
In total 338 pts were randomised to diva (n=167) or control (n=171); baseline characteristics were generally balanced. At data cutoff (19 May 2026), median follow up was 14.3 months. A statistically significant benefit in PFS (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44–0.76) and OS (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.41–0.78) was observed for the diva vs control arm (Table). A statistically significant improvement in ORR was seen for diva (58.4%) vs control (32.3%; table). Diva had a manageable safety profile consistent with previous reports for diva and other KRAS G12C inhibitors (Table). Tx duration was twice as long in the diva vs control arm, and discontinuation rates due to TRAEs were lower with diva vs control (Table).
Table: LBA5
| Diva n=167 | Control* n=171
Efficacy
Median PFS,† mos (95% CI) | 9.8 (8.1–12.9) | 5.7 (4.2–6.8)
HR‡ (95% CI) | 0.58 (0.44–0.76)
p value‡ | <0.0001
Median OS, mos (95% CI) | 17.7 (16.3–NE) | 12.0 (10.0–15.2)
HR‡ (95% CI) | 0.56 (0.41–0.78)
p value‡ | 0.0005
Confirmed ORR,† % | 58.4 | 32.3
n/n§ | 94/161 | 54/167
95% CI | 50.4–66.1 | 25.3–40.0
Safety
Median tx duration, mos (range) | 11.3 (0–19.8) | 5.0 (0–19.8)
AE/TRAE, n (%)
All grade | 166 (99.4)/155 (92.8) | 167 (97.7)/137 (80.1)
Grade 3–4 | 72 (43.1)/41 (24.6)¶ | 88 (51.5)/59 (34.5)¶
Serious | 51 (30.5)/13 (7.8) | 70 (40.9)/26 (15.2)
Leading to discontinuation | 12 (7.2)/8 (4.8) | 25 (14.6)/20 (11.7)
*Soto: n=156; ada: n=15. †Per BICR. ‡Stratified. §Response-evaluable set per BICR. ¶No Grade 5 TRAEs.
Conclusions
Diva significantly improved PFS and OS vs control with a manageable safety profile, establishing diva as a new standard of care for pts with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
Response data: Krascendo 1: confirmed ORR and DoR by BICR, divarasib vs control
🆙#ESMO26 Presidential Symposium II: #LCSM
🔥Krascendo 1: Efficacy and Safety of Divarasib (Diva) vs Sotorasib (Soto) or Adagrasib (Ada) in Previously Treated Locally Advanced or Metastatic KRAS G12C-Mutated NSCLC
🎙️ @FSkoulidis
🔢LBA5
🎯Significantly Improved PFS (9.8 vs 5.7mo, HR 0.58; n=338) and OS (17.7 vs 12.0mo, HR 0.56, p=0.0005)
🎯ORR 58.4% vs 32.3%
🎯Discontinuation Due to TRAEs 4.8% vs 11.7%
☑️NCT06497556
🔗 https://t.co/bIUj6lFjno
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @KRASKickers
Confirmed ORR and DoR by BICR
[Waterfall plots: Divarasib; Control - Best change from baseline (%); Best overall response: PD, SD, PR, CR]
n (%), unless otherwise specified | Divarasib (n=161) | Control (n=167)
Confirmed ORR* | 94 (58) | 54 (32)
95% CI† | 50.4–66.1 | 25.3–40.0
Difference,‡ % (95% CI) | 25.8 (15.6–36.0)
CR | 7 (4) | 6 (4)
PR | 87 (54) | 48 (29)
SD | 56 (35) | 80 (48)
PD | 7 (4) | 19 (11)
Missing | 4 (2) | 14 (8)
DoR | n=94 | n=54
Median, months (95% CI) | 11.9 (9.7–NE) | 6.9 (5.3–8.3)
Median time to confirmed response, days | n=94 43.0 | n=54 44.0
Median best change from baseline,§ % | n=157 -47.9 | n=152 -27.1
Divarasib induced a statistically significant 25.8 percentage point increase in ORR versus control (58% vs 32%, respectively)
Data cut-off: 19 May 2026. Median duration of follow up: 14.3 months. Minimal duration of follow up: 5.6 months. Control arm included treatment with sotorasib or adagrasib. ORR was considered statistically significant if the 95% CI difference excluded zero. *BICR-assessed in the response-evaluable per BICR population (n=328; ten patients [divarasib arm, n=6; control arm, n=4] did not have measurable disease per BICR at baseline and were excluded from the response-evaluable set). †Calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method. ‡Covariate adjusted difference, adjusted for the stratification factors included in randomisation. §All patients with baseline and a post-baseline tumour assessment prior to study drug discontinuation and prior to subsequent anti-cancer therapy. CR, complete response; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
1) Slide: NEJM: Divarasib for KRAS G12C–mutated NSCLC (Skoulidis) — KM figure with landmarks · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM: Osimertinib plus Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC
Two more #ESMO26 papers in @NEJM today:
In EGFR-mutated, MET-altered NSCLC progressing on osimertinib, adding savolitinib improved PFS (HR 0.55) and OS (HR 0.68) vs platinum-pemetrexed. 12-month OS was 70% vs 53%.
In previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC, divarasib improved median PFS (9.8 vs 5.7 months; HR 0.58) and OS (17.7 vs 12.0 months; HR 0.56) vs sotorasib or adagrasib.
[Slide 1]
[KM curve] Percentage of Patients without an Event
Divarasib | Control
6 months: Divarasib 65.7; Control 47.8
12 months: Divarasib 43.9; Control 24.0
Months
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Divarasib for KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC
F. Skoulidis and Others
Survival table
Endpoint: Event-free (endpoint not named on image; likely PFS)
Divarasib
Control
Landmark rates:
6 months: Divarasib 65.7% | Control 47.8%
12 months: Divarasib 43.9% | Control 24.0%
[Slide 2]
The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
Progression-free Survival in the Full Analysis Population
No. of Events/No. of Patients | Median Progression-free Survival (95% CI), mo
Osimertinib–Savolitinib | 117/171 | 7.6 (5.6–9.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed | 113/167 | 5.4 (4.2–5.8)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.55 (95% CI, 0.42–0.72)
P<0.001
12 months: Osimertinib–savolitinib 36; Platinum–pemetrexed 10
Months since Randomization
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Osimertinib plus Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC
S. Lu and Others
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (full analysis population)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib–savolitinib | 171 | 7.6 | 5.6–9.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 5.4 | 4.2–5.8
HR: 0.55
HR CI: 0.42–0.72
P: P<0.001
Landmark rates:
12 months: Osimertinib–savolitinib 36% | Platinum–pemetrexed 10%
#ESMO26 | KRASCENDO-1
Divarasib delivering both PFS and OS benefits over existing KRAS G12C inhibitors is impressive. OS HR: 0.56!
A practice-changing trial.
One question: can divarasib work after sotorasib/adagrasib? https://t.co/2C9rRMxLMD https://t.co/MwdHPYPmsq
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Krascendo 1 PFS by BICR KM curve, divarasib · 2) Slide: Krascendo 1 safety summary table, divarasib vs control
Practice-changing KRAS G12C data! @Fskoulidis presents Krascendo 1 Ph.III: divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib in pretreated NSCLC. PFS 9.8 vs 5.7 mo (HR 0.58; p<0.0001). OS 17.7 vs 12.0 mo (HR 0.56; p=0.0005). ORR 58% vs 32%.
#ESMO26 #LungCancer @myESMO @OncoAlert https://t.co/eAk2Th9t3a
1) Trial design schema: Krascendo 1 study design slide on stage screens · 2) Slide: Besse discussion slide 'population' on stage screens
Divarasib is improving the existing data in PFS , OS and ORR in KRAS G12C NSCLC in the Krascendo 1 trial. A really good news for our patients!
Congrats @FSkoulidis & team! Simultaneous publication in @NEJM
Excellent discussion @BenjaminBesseMD
@KRASKickers
@myESMO
#ESMO26 https://t.co/trgiiEnUeQ
[Slide 1]
Krascendo 1: a phase III, global, randomised, open-label trial in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated advanced or metastatic NSCLC
Key eligibility criteria
• KRAS G12C inhibitor naive
• ECOG PS 0–1
• Advanced KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
• ≥1 but ≤3 lines of prior systemic therapy, including platinum-based chemo and a PD-(L)1 inhibitor*
• Measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
• Patients with active, untreated CNS metastases were excluded
R 1:1
N=338
Divarasib (400 mg QD)
Treatment crossover not permitted
Sotorasib (960 mg QD) OR adagrasib (600 mg BID)†
Treatment until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, withdrawal of consent, or study termination
Treatment beyond progression was permitted
Stratification factors: History of CNS metastases; Intended choice of control arm KRAS G12C inhibitor†; KEAP1 mutation status‡
Primary endpoint: PFS per BICR
Key secondary endpoints: OS; Confirmed ORR per BICR; TTCD
Other secondary endpoints: DoR per BICR; Safety; Other PROs
NCT06497556
[footnotes illegible at this distance]
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
[Slide 1]
Proffered Paper session
Introduction
Lecture Time 16:30 - 16:30
Proffered Paper session
LBA5 - Krascendo 1: Efficacy and safety of divarasib (diva) vs sotorasib (soto) or adagrasib (ada) in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Speakers Ferdinandos Skoulidis (Houston, United States of America, TX)
Lecture Time 16:30 - 16:42
Abstract
Background
Diva is an oral, next-generation KRAS G12C inhibitor that is more potent and selective for KRAS G12C in vitro than soto or ada. We report the primary analysis of Krascendo 1 (NCT06497556), a phase 3, global, randomised, open-label trial of diva vs soto or ada in advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
[Slide 2]
Methods
Eligible patients (pts) aged ≥18 years had an ECOG PS of 0/1 and ≥1 prior systemic treatment (tx; including anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and platinum-based chemotherapy) for advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC. Pts were randomised 1:1 to diva (400 mg PO QD) or investigator's choice of soto (960 mg PO QD) or ada (600 mg PO BID). Stratification factors: KEAP1 status, history of CNS metastases and intended KRAS G12C inhibitor (soto/ada). Tx continued until unacceptable toxicity, clinical benefit loss, consent withdrawal or death. Primary endpoint: PFS per blinded independent committee review (BICR). Secondary endpoints included OS, confirmed ORR per BICR (RECIST 1.1), patient-reported outcomes, DoR and safety.
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
Diva significantly improved PFS and OS vs control with a manageable safety profile, establishing diva as a new standard of care for pts with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
Clinical trial identification
NCT06497556.
Slide: Krascendo 1 title and author slide (Skoulidis et al.), ESMO 2026 Presidential Symposium
Divarasib significantly improved PFS (9.8 vs 5.7 m) and OS (12 vs 17.7) vs control (soto or ada) with a manageable safety profile (GI toxicity) in previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC. @myESMO @OncoAlert proud to be part of it. @CHUdeToulouse #ESMO26 https://t.co/jkERozxs92
Krascendo 1: efficacy and safety of divarasib versus sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Ferdinandos Skoulidis,1 Myung-Ju Ahn,2 Shirish Gadgeel,3 Sanjay Popat,4 Niels Reinmuth,5 Bianca van Veggel,6 Farastuk Bozorgmehr,7 Victoria J Bray,8 Michael Duruisseaux,9 Wade T Iams,10 Julien Mazieres,11 Laura Bonanno,12 Lore Decoster,13 Bo Wang,14 Youyou Hu,15 Sarah M Shagan,16 Verena Lam,16 Uyi Osaghae,16 Tien Hoang,16 Benjamin J Solomon17
1UT MD Anderson, Houston, TX, USA; 2Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 4Royal Marsden Hospital & Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; 5German Centre for Lung Research, Munich-Gauting, Germany; 6Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Hertogenbosch, Netherlands; 7Heidelberg University and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany and Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg, LRC-H, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; 8Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; 9Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon Cancer Institute, Bron, France; TheraLung Lab, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; 10Greco-Hainsworth Centres for Research, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA; 11Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; 12Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy; 13Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium; 14Willamette Valley Cancer Institute and Research Center, Eugene, OR, USA; 15F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; 16Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; 17Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
[Slide 1]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Krascendo 1: a phase III, global, randomised, open-label trial in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated advanced or metastatic NSCLC
Key eligibility criteria
• KRAS G12C inhibitor naive
• ECOG PS 0–1
• Advanced KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
• ≥1 but ≤3 lines of prior systemic therapy, including platinum-based chemo and a PD-(L)1 inhibitor*
• Measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
• Patients with active, untreated CNS metastases were excluded
R 1:1, N=338
Divarasib (400 mg QD)
Treatment crossover not permitted
Sotorasib (960 mg QD) OR adagrasib (600 mg BID)†
Treatment until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, withdrawal of consent, or study termination
Treatment beyond progression was permitted
Stratification factors: • History of CNS metastases • Intended choice of control arm KRAS G12C inhibitor† • KEAP1 mutation status‡
Primary endpoint: • PFS per BICR
Key secondary endpoints: • OS • Confirmed ORR per BICR • TTCD
Other secondary endpoints: • DoR per BICR • Safety • Other PROs
NCT06497556
[footnotes small, partially illegible] PD-L1 all-comers population. *In the advanced or metastatic setting. †The control arm drug depended on local approvals and availability; if both drugs were locally approved and available, investigators designated their intended control drug for each patient prior to randomisation and patients received the same drug for the duration of the study. ‡Detected versus not detected/unknown.
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
Speaker panel: Ferdinandos Skoulidis — Krascendo 1: Efficacy and safety of divarasib (diva) vs sotorasib (soto) or adagrasib (ada) in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 4]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Summary
• Krascendo 1 is the first and only global trial evaluating a next-generation KRAS G12C inhibitor versus first-generation inhibitors
• The Krascendo 1 trial met its primary endpoint BICR-assessed PFS and key secondary endpoints OS and ORR, demonstrating a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement with divarasib versus control KRAS G12C inhibitor (sotorasib or adagrasib)
– Median PFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 months with divarasib versus control (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44–0.76)
o Investigator-assessed PFS was consistent with BICR-assessed PFS
– Median OS: 17.7 vs 12.0 months for divarasib versus control (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.41–0.78)
– Confirmed ORR: 58% vs 32% for divarasib versus control (difference: 25.8%; 95% CI: 15.6–36.0)
• Divarasib exhibited a manageable safety profile consistent with previous reports, with no emergent new safety signals
Divarasib represents a new standard of care for patients with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
1) Slide: Krascendo 1 PFS by BICR KM slide, moiré-distorted photo (Skoulidis, ESMO 2026) · 2) Slide: Krascendo 1 overall survival slide on stage screen with presenter video, illegible
Certainly we are hearing a crescendo in the activity of K-Ras G12C targeting agents based on great presentation by Dr. Skoulidis!
The new diva of our K-Ras field, divarasib clealy is superior as to efficacy as compared to adagrasib/sotorasib based on Krascendo-01. PFS HR of 0.58/4 month abs difference plus OS HR of 0.56/6 m median OS delta.
And in addition, surprisingly for a diva it actually needs less maintenance than ada/soto (only 5% treatment discontinuation rate) so a true win-win!
No prokrastination needed- a new SOC targeted agent and hopefully one that could move up to frontline/ periop and other avenues as well!
1) Slide: discussion conclusions (Benjamin Besse, Invited Discussant LBA5) · 2) Slide: benefit: PFS by BICR and OS curves with subgroup forest plots
The last dance for KRAS inhibitors. Divarasib . Nice discussion. Systemic cross over should be reconsiderd when PFS is the primar end point. It will be intr to see future data for this drug against chemo plus IO . @OncoAlert @myESMO #esmo26 https://t.co/xOGzuBin5C
[Slide 2]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Benjamin Besse - Invited Discussant LBA5
Conclusion
• KRASCENDO-1 demonstrates robust superiority of divarasib over sotorasib/adagrasib for the primary endpoint, PFS
• A meaningful overall survival benefit is reported
• The next frontier will be first-line development in combination with immunotherapy ± chemotherapy
• Clinical trial paradigms must evolve to keep pace with therapeutic progress
• Systematic cross-over should be reconsidered when PFS is the primary endpoint
• Toxicity assessment should capture chronic treatment burden, not only acute adverse events
• Eligibility criteria should be broadened to better reflect real-world populations, rather than a highly selected minority
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Trial design schema: Besse discussion: KRAS (OFF) G12Ci in lung cancer — CodeBreaK/KRYSTAL
🔥 KRASCENDO-1 at #ESMO26: @BenjaminBesseMD takes the stage!
As usual, a provocative, funny, and absolutely captivating discussion
Following the impressive PFS and OS results with divarasib, Benjamin challenged us to think beyond the numbers.
🎯 Key messages:
🔹 Divarasib demonstrates clear superiority over sotorasib/adagrasib, including a meaningful OS benefit.
🔹 Is this the farewell tour for first-generation KRAS G12C inhibitors? 🎸
🔹 The next frontier: moving KRAS G12C inhibition into first-line combinations with immunotherapy ± chemotherapy.
🔹 Clinical trials must evolve: reconsider crossover, better capture chronic toxicity, and broaden eligibility to reflect real-world patients.
My take: Great science deserves great discussions. @BenjaminBesseMD once again managed to combine sharp scientific criticism, humour, and a clear message ! 👏
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #KRASG12C #Divarasib #NSCLC #LungCancer
KRAS (OFF) G12Ci in Lung cancer
Phase III study in 2nd line, after chemo-immunotherapy, vs docetaxel
CODEBREAK Sotorasib vs docetaxel [embedded KM plots, small text illegible] 5.6 mo; 10.6 mo
KRYSTAL Adagrasib vs docetaxel [embedded KM plot, small text illegible] 5.5 mo
Phase I/II data | ORR (%) | PFS (mo) | OS (mo)
DIVARASIB. N=44 (400 mg) | 59 | 15.3 |
ADAGRASIB. N=116 | 43 | 6.9 | 14.1
SOTORASIB. N=126 | 41 | 6.3 | 12.5
De Langen Lancet 2023, Barlesi Lancet 2025, Sacher NEJM 2023, Remon Cancer Treat Rev 2026
ORR: objective response rate, PFS: progression free survival, OS: overall survival
Benjamin BESSE
Slide: Krascendo 1 title and author slide (in-room photo, )
Let’s start the 2nd Plenary @myESMO at #ESMO26 with KRASCENDO-1: divarasib raises the bar in KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC! @FSkoulidis presents the phase III KRASCENDO-1 trial (N=338), comparing divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
Primary endpoint – PFS:
• 9.8 vs 5.7 months
• HR 0.58 (95% CI 0.44–0.76), p<0.0001
• 12-month PFS: 43.9% vs 24.0%
Key secondary endpoint – OS:
• 17.7 vs 12.0 months
• HR 0.56 (95% CI 0.41–0.78), p=0.0005
• 12-month OS: 67.1% vs 49.2%
My take: Impressive results! Not just improved PFS, but a substantial OS benefit against active KRAS G12C inhibitors. New SOC in this setting
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #KRASG12C #NSCLC #LungCancer #PrecisionOncology
Krascendo 1: efficacy and safety of divarasib versus sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Ferdinandos Skoulidis,1 Myung-Ju Ahn,2 Shirish Gadgeel,3 Sanjay Popat,4 Niels Reinmuth,5 Bianca van Veggel,6 Farastuk Bozorgmehr,7 Victoria J Bray,8 Michael Duruisseaux,9 Wade T Iams,10 Julien Mazieres,11 Laura Bonanno,12 Lore Decoster,13 Bo Wang,14 Youyou Hu,15 Sarah M Shagan,16 Verena Lam,16 Uyi Osaghae,16 Tien Hoang,16 Benjamin J Solomon17
Ana I. Velázquez Mañana, MD, MSc, FASCO@AnaVManana
Slide: Krascendo 1 safety summary — divarasib vs control
✨ PRACTICE CHANGING ✨ data from #ESMO26
Divarasib becomes the NEW Standard of Care for 2L KRAS G12C #LungCancer
@FSkoulidis presents results from Krascendo 1
Divarasib significantly prolongs PFS and OS with a more tolerable safety profile https://t.co/JAcDUqlyDi
1) Slide: NEJM original article title page: Divarasib as Compared with Sotorasib or Adagrasib · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM Figure 1: progression-free survival by blinded
🚨 KRAS G12C: A NEW WINNER EMERGES!
🔥 KRASCENDO-1 | Phase III
Concomitant #ESMO26 publication in @NEJM!
Divarasib beats first-generation KRAS G12C inhibitors in previously treated NSCLC!
📈 OS: 17.7 vs 12.0 mo (HR 0.56)
📈 PFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 mo (HR 0.58)
🎯 ORR: 58.4% vs 32.3%
✅ Fewer grade 3–4 treatment-related AEs: 24.6% vs 34.5%.
💡 Verdict: Superior survival AND tolerability. A potential new standard!
@FSkoulidis @bensolomon1
@myesmo @ESMO_open @ASCO @oncoalert
Full paper link in comment below ⬇️
[Slide 2]
Percentage of Patients without an Event
Months
Divarasib
Control
No. of Patients | No. of Patients with Event (%) | Median Progression-free Survival (mo)
Stratified hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.58 (95% CI, 0.44–0.76)
Stratified P<0.001 by log-rank test
No. at Risk
Figure 1. Progression-free Survival in the Full Analysis Population.
Shown is the progression-free survival, as assessed by blinded independent central review, among the patients who received divarasib and those who received control treatment (sotorasib or adagrasib). The full analysis population included all the patients who underwent randomization.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR, full analysis population
Divarasib | 167 | 9.8 mo
Control (sotorasib or adagrasib) | 171 | 5.7 mo
HR: 0.58
HR CI: 0.44–0.76
P: <0.001 (stratified log-rank)
6 mo: divarasib 65.7%, control 47.8% (as labelled on figure)
12 mo: divarasib 43.9%, control 24.0% (as labelled on figure)
Safety data: Krascendo 1 most common treatment-related adverse events, divarasib vs control
A new standard of care arrives in advanced KRAS G12C NSCLC: Divarasib (Krascendo-1)
🔸 Global, randomised, phase 3
🔸 Compared to current KRASi (mainly sotorasib)
🔺 No cross-over
What do we know so far?
🔹 2L sotorasib or adagrasib show modest PFS benefit vs docetaxel, but no OS benefit
What did we see at #ESMO26?
✅ Improved PFS, 9.8 v 4.7m: HR 0.58
✅ Improved ORR, 58% v 32%
✅ Improved OS, 17.7m v 12m: HR 0.56
⚠️ Lower Gr3+ AEs, but more Gr1-2 AEs - especially GI
What does this mean?
❗️New standard of care for KRAS G12C
✅ Clearly superior to current options
🤔 Need QoL & PRO data
🤔 Need intra-cranial activity data
⚠️ Side effects remain an issue, albeit lower grade (Gr2 diarrhoea is still pretty miserable)
❗️Drug access will be the main issue, especially with Sotorasib withdrawal of funding in many countries
🤔 1L, in combination with other agents, likely to be ultimate place for this drug
#LCSM
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Most common TRAEs
TRAEs occurring in ≥10% of patients by grade*
Divarasib (n=167) | Control (n=171)
Diarrhoea | 66% | 38%
Nausea | 53% | 20%
Vomiting | 39% | 8%
ALT increased | 15% | 23%
AST increased | 14% | 21%
Fatigue | 10% | 13%
Decreased appetite | 13% | 10%
Lipase increased | 10% | 12%
Blood ALP increased | 5% | 16%
Constipation | 13% | 3%
Grade 1 2 3 Divarasib; 1 2 3 4 Control
Patients (%)
• The safety profile of divarasib monotherapy was consistent with the known class effects of KRAS G12C inhibitors
• The most common TRAEs observed with divarasib were diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, and were mainly grade 1 (35%, 32% and 28%, respectively)
– None of the TRAEs occurring in ≥10% of patients receiving divarasib were grade 4
– Hepatotoxicity rates were lower with divarasib than control treatment
• No treatment-related QT prolongation or pneumonitis occurred with divarasib, only in the control arm, in 2 and 3 patients, respectively
TRAEs for divarasib were mostly low grade, manageable and reversible
Data cut-off: 19 May 2026. Median duration of follow up: 14.3 months. Minimal duration of follow up: 5.6 months. Control arm included treatment with sotorasib or adagrasib
*Median duration of treatment: 11.3 months for divarasib, 5.0 months for control
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
Kaplan-Meier survival data: progression-free survival by BICR, divarasib vs control
🫁 #ESMO26 KRASCENDO-1 (ph III): divarasib beat sotorasib/adagrasib head-to-head in pretreated KRAS G12C NSCLC.
PFS 9.8 vs 5.7 mo (HR 0.58)
OS 17.7 vs 12.0 mo (HR 0.56)
ORR 58% vs 32%
Potential new benchmark; 91% of controls got sotorasib. #lcsm https://t.co/nxxYRnwn7F
Progression-free survival by BICR
PFS by BICR (%)
Time (months)
Patients at risk
Divarasib
Control
9.8 months
5.7 months
43.9%
24.0%
Divarasib (n=167) | Control (n=171)
Patients with event, n (%) 101 (60.5) | 128 ([illegible])
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 9.8 (8.1–[illegible]) | 5.7 (4.2–[illegible])
Stratified HR (95% CI) 0.58 (0.44–[illegible])
p-value* <0.0001
12-month PFS, % 43.9 | 24.0
Data cut-off: [illegible] May 2026. Median duration of follow up: [illegible] months. Minimal duration of follow up: [illegible] months. Control arm included treatment with sotorasib or adagrasib
*Stratified log-rank test. CI, confidence interval
Dr Ferdinandos Skoulidis
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Divarasib | 167 | 9.8 mo | 8.1-[illegible]
Control (sotorasib or adagrasib) | 171 | 5.7 mo | 4.2-[illegible]
HR: 0.58 (stratified)
HR CI: 0.44-[illegible]
P: <0.0001
12-month PFS 43.9% vs 24.0%
Slide: Krascendo 1 title slide and author list — Skoulidis presenting at ESMO 2026
Krascendo 1 met its endpoint of divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C NSCLC 🫁
✅ mPFS 9.8 vs 5.7m HR 0.58
✅ mOS 17.7 vs 12.0m HR 0.56
✅ ORR 58% vs 32%
🌟Well tolerated with mostly G1/2 diarrhoea, N+V
❌ Crossover not allowed 😢
Await 1L studies in with Krascendo 170 & 2
Congrats to @FSkoulidis and co investigators 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼 @Roche
Great discussant @BenjaminBesseMD and well said 💪🏼
🙏🏼 Access is key now - we need it for our patients.
#PresidentialDay2
#ESMO26
@myESMO
Krascendo 1: efficacy and safety of divarasib versus sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Ferdinandos Skoulidis,¹ Myung-Ju Ahn,² Shirish Gadgeel,³ Sanjay Popat,⁴ Niels Reinmuth,⁵ Bianca van Veggel,⁶ Farastuk Bozorgmehr,⁷ Victoria J Bray,⁸ Michael Duruisseaux,⁹ Wade T Iams,¹⁰ Julien Mazieres,¹¹ Laura Bonanno,¹² Lore Decoster,¹³ Bo Wang,¹⁴ Youyou Hu,¹⁵ Sarah M Shagan,¹⁶ Verena Lam,¹⁶ Uyi Osaghae,¹⁶ Tien Hoang,¹⁶ Benjamin J Solomon¹⁷
[affiliations small, partially illegible] ¹UT MD Anderson, Houston, TX, USA; ²Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; ³Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; ⁴Royal Marsden Hospital & Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; ... ¹⁵F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; ¹⁶Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; ¹⁷Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Krascendo 1 progression-free survival curve: divarasib vs control · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM Krascendo 1 overall survival curve: divarasib vs control
Original Article: Divarasib as Compared with Sotorasib or Adagrasib in 𝘒𝘙𝘈𝘚 G12C–Mutated NSCLC (phase 3 Krascendo 1 trial) https://t.co/wdnLUxPZgF
#ESMO26 | @myESMO https://t.co/maWitP0btp
Slide: NEJM Krascendo 1 Figure 1: PFS in the full analysis population, divarasib vs control
Presented at #ESMO26:
In patients with previously treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer with a 𝘒𝘙𝘈𝘚 G12C mutation, median progression-free survival was 9.8 months with the KRAS G12C inhibitor divarasib and 5.7 months with sotorasib or adagrasib. Full phase 3 Krascendo 1 trial results: https://t.co/A4dduLqRn1
@myESMO
#ESMO26 | LBA6
🚨 SAFFRON (Phase 3)
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed in EGFRm/MET-high NSCLC after 1L/2L osimertinib (n=338).
🧬🔬 Stringent MET selection:
IHC 3+ in ≥90% of tumor cells and/or MET gene copy number ≥10 by FISH.
✅ mPFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.55; P<0.001)
✅ mOS: 17.8 vs 12.9 mo (HR 0.68; P=0.010)
✅ mDoR: 9.7 vs 5.7 mo
💡PFS benefit was consistent across MET-OE and MET-AMP subgroups.
⚠️ Safety:
• Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 40% vs 52%
• TEAE-related discontinuation: 14% vs 8%
First global Phase 3 to demonstrate a significant OS benefit in MET-selected EGFRm NSCLC after osimertinib, supporting a new targeted treatment option.
#LCSM
LBA6 - Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
Speakers Shun Lu (Shanghai, China)
Lecture Time 16:54 - 17:06
Abstract
Background
Targeted treatments (txs) for EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi are limited. In SAVANNAH (Ph 2, NCT03778229), osi (3rd-gen, irreversible, CNS-active EGFR-TKI) + savo (oral, potent, highly selective, CNS-penetrant MET-TKI) demonstrated high and clinically meaningful response rates in this setting. We report primary results from the global Ph 3 SAFFRON study (NCT05261399), assessing efficacy and safety of osi + savo vs plat–pem in EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi.
Methods
Eligible pts: ≥18 years, EGFRm (Ex19del/L858R and/or T790M), MET-OE and/or -AMP (MET IHC3+ intensity in ≥90% of tumour cells and/or ≥10 MET gene copies by FISH) advanced NSCLC, post-1/-2L osi. Pts (randomised 1:1) received osi 80 mg QD + savo 300 mg BID or plat–pem (pem + carboplatin/cisplatin Q3W, 4 cycles, then maintenance pem Q3W) until RECIST 1.1 progression/discontinuation. Primary endpoint: PFS by BICR (RECIST 1.1); secondary/exploratory endpoints: OS, investigator-assessed PFS and safety. DCO: 06 Jul 2026.
Results
Overall, 338 pts were randomised: osi + savo n=171, plat–pem n=167. Osi + savo significantly improved PFS and OS vs plat–pem (PFS HR: 0.55; 95% CI 0.42, 0.72; p<0.001; OS HR: 0.68; 95% CI 0.50, 0.91; p=0.010; table). PFS benefit was consistent in the MET-OE and MET-AMP subgroups. All causality tx-emergent AEs (TEAEs): osi + savo 99% (Gr ≥3 64%); plat–pem 97% (Gr ≥3 63%). TEAEs leading to tx discontinuation: osi + savo 14%; plat–pem 8%. Serious TEAEs: osi + savo 41%; plat–pem 28%. Tx-related AEs: osi + savo 93% (Gr ≥3 40%); plat–pem 92% (Gr ≥3 52%).
Conclusions
Osi + savo showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS and OS vs plat–pem, with a manageable safety profile, in pts with EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi. These data support osi + savo as an effective, oral, targeted tx for these pts and establish a new global standard of care. Table: LBA6
Efficacy endpoints | Osi + savo (n=171) | Plat–pem (n=167)
Median PFS by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 7.6 (5.6, 9.7) | 5.4 (4.2, 5.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.55 (0.42, 0.72); p<0.001
Median PFS by investigator assessment, mo (95% CI) | 7.4 (5.6, 9.7) | 4.2 (3.4, 4.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.47 (0.36, 0.61)
Median OS, mo (95% CI) | 17.8 (15.6, 23.7) | 12.9 (10.6, 16.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.68 (0.50, 0.91); p=0.010
Median DoR by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 9.7 (7.6, 12.5) | 5.7 (4.4, 8.1)
BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; DoR, duration of response; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
1) Trial design schema: Natasha Leighl discussant slide: Is well-designed with valid results? · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Natasha Leighl discussant slide: PFS (BICR) and OS curves, LBA6 · 3) Slide: Natasha Leighl discussant conclusion: Have we MET a new standard of care?
A major new milestone post-osimertinib! Totally agree with Natasha: a new therapeutic standard, MET testing for all our #EGFRm pts with disease progression post-Osi, and access to Osi + Savolitinib (now the most difficult step for our patients upon our return post-#ESMO26)... https://t.co/bcMIUoBHPs
[Slide 2]
Are the results from SAFFRON clinically meaningful? YES
Progression-free survival (BICR)
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + savolitinib: 7.6 (5.6, 9.7)
Platinum-pemetrexed: 5.4 (4.2, 5.8)
HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42-0.72); p<0.01
12-month: 36% vs 10%
No. at Risk (months 0-38, every 2 months)
Osimertinib + savolitinib: 171 144 120 82 70 54 39 29 24 21 14 8 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
Platinum pemetrexed: 167 109 77 43 30 17 8 7 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Median follow-up PFS: osimertinib+savolitinib 5.6 months, platinum-pemetrexed 3.5 months. Overall maturity: 68%.
Overall survival
Median OS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + savolitinib: 17.8 (15.6, 23.7)
Platinum-pemetrexed: 12.9 (10.8, 16.8)
HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50-0.91; p=0.010*
12-month: 70% vs 53%
Subsequent therapy: Osi+Savo – 60%; 41% ChT; Chemo – 66%; 13% MET+EGFR TKI
No. at Risk (months 0-38, every 2 months)
Osimertinib + savolitinib: 171 166 157 144 133 119 98 89 63 51 43 31 22 14 13 7 5 3 1 0
Platinum pemetrexed: 167 150 137 128 113 86 62 48 36 27 21 20 18 16 11 7 4 2 1 0
Median follow-up (OS): osimertinib+savolitinib 14.2 months, platinum-pemetrexed 10.2 months. Overall maturity 53%.
*Boundary to declare statistical significance p=0.03047.
Objective response rate higher with osimertinib + savolitinib (51% v. 27%), odd ratio 2.9; Median duration of response 9.7 months v. 5.7 months
Lu S et al. ESMO Congress. 2026 LBA6; Passaro A et al. Ann Oncol 2023; Popat S et al. Ann Oncol 2024; Fang W et al NEJM 2026
Natasha B. Leighl
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (BICR) and OS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib + savolitinib (PFS) | 171 | 7.6 | 5.6, 9.7
Platinum-pemetrexed (PFS) | 167 | 5.4 | 4.2, 5.8
Osimertinib + savolitinib (OS) | 171 | 17.8 | 15.6, 23.7
Platinum-pemetrexed (OS) | 167 | 12.9 | 10.8, 16.8
HR: PFS 0.55; OS 0.68
HR CI: PFS 0.42-0.72; OS 0.50-0.91
P: PFS p<0.01; OS p=0.010 (boundary p=0.03047)
Landmark rates:
12 months: Osimertinib + savolitinib (PFS) 36% | Platinum-pemetrexed (PFS) 10% | Osimertinib + savolitinib (OS) 70% | Platinum-pemetrexed (OS) 53%
[Slide 3]
Have we MET a new standard of care? YES!
- SAFFRON is the first study in osimertinib resistant EGFR mutated lung cancer to demonstrated improved PFS and OS (HR 0.55, 0.68) with an oral combination in a molecularly defined population (IHC3+>=90% or FISH10+)
- Tomorrow we must start to ensure that each patient with resistance has molecular testing (tissue preferred) and is matched to the best possible therapy or clinical trials
- Then we must ensure drug access, addressing issues of regulatory authorities and cost
- MET IHC, MET FISH -> from tier ESCAT 2B to tier ESCAT 1p (proven)
- SAFFRON MCBS score 3 -> to be incorporated into next guideline update
[ESMO-MCBS scorecard thumbnail, Final Score 3; other text illegible]
Natasha Leighl
1) Slide: Resistance patterns after osimertinib — Leighl discussion slide · 2) Trial design schema: Is well-designed with valid results? — Leighl discussion
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Presidential Symposium II Discussion🌟
🔥 "SAFFRON: A New Spice in the Post-Osimertinib Landscape"
🎙️ Dr. Natasha Leighl
🔗 https://t.co/XAhF0PTCbx
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters https://t.co/KdYsp2qmTZ https://t.co/RNEGufGyat
ESMO 2026 Presidential 2 | SAFFRON Phase III:
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed in MET-overexpressed/amplified NSCLC progressing on osimertinib (n=338).
📊 Key results:
✅ mPFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 months (HR 0.55; p<0.001)
✅ mOS: 17.8 vs 12.9 months (HR 0.68; p=0.010)
✅ Median DoR: 9.7 vs 5.7 months
⚠️ Grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs: 40% vs 52%
⚠️ Treatment discontinuation due to AEs: 14% vs 8% (all-causality)
🔥 45% reduction in risk of progression and 32% reduction in risk of death!
A significant OS benefit with an all-oral, chemotherapy-free combination.
Is osimertinib + savolitinib the new standard for MET-driven resistance after osimertinib?
@OncoAlert @myESMO
#ESMO26 #LungCancer #EGFR #NSCLC
[Slide 1]
Proffered Paper session
LBA6 - Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
Speakers Shun Lu (Shanghai, China)
Lecture Time 16:54 - 17:06
Abstract
Background
Targeted treatments (txs) for EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi are limited. In SAVANNAH (Ph 2, NCT03778229), osi (3rd-gen, irreversible, CNS-active EGFR-TKI) + savo (oral, potent, highly selective, CNS-penetrant MET-TKI) demonstrated high and clinically meaningful response rates in this setting. We report primary results from the global Ph 3 SAFFRON study (NCT05261399), assessing efficacy and safety of osi + savo vs plat–pem in EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi.
[Slide 2]
Osi + savo showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS and OS vs plat–pem, with a manageable safety profile, in pts with EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi. These data support osi + savo as an effective, oral, targeted tx for these pts and establish a new global standard of care. Table: LBA6
Efficacy endpoints | Osi + savo (n=171) | Plat–pem (n=167)
Median PFS by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 7.6 (5.6, 9.7) | 5.4 (4.2, 5.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.55 (0.42, 0.72); p<0.001 |
Median PFS by investigator assessment, mo (95% CI) | 7.4 (5.6, 9.7) | 4.2 (3.4, 4.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.47 (0.36, 0.61) |
Median OS, mo (95% CI) | 17.8 (15.6, 23.7) | 12.9 (10.6, 16.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.68 (0.50, 0.91); p=0.010 |
Median DoR by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 9.7 (7.6, 12.5) | 5.7 (4.4, 8.1)
BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; DoR, duration of response; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
[Slide 3]
Conclusions
Osi + savo showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS and OS vs plat–pem, with a manageable safety profile, in pts with EGFRm MET-OE and/or -AMP advanced NSCLC post-osi. These data support osi + savo as an effective, oral, targeted tx for these pts and establish a new global standard of care. Table: LBA6
Efficacy endpoints | Osi + savo (n=171) | Plat–pem (n=167)
Median PFS by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 7.6 (5.6, 9.7) | 5.4 (4.2, 5.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.55 (0.42, 0.72); p<0.001 |
Median PFS by investigator assessment, mo (95% CI) | 7.4 (5.6, 9.7) | 4.2 (3.4, 4.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.47 (0.36, 0.61) |
Median OS, mo (95% CI) | 17.8 (15.6, 23.7) | 12.9 (10.6, 16.8)
HR (95% CI); p-value | 0.68 (0.50, 0.91); p=0.010 |
Median DoR by BICR, mo (95% CI) | 9.7 (7.6, 12.5) | 5.7 (4.4, 8.1)
BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; DoR, duration of response; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
[Slide 4]
Methods
Eligible pts: ≥18 years, EGFRm (Ex19del/L858R and/or T790M), MET-OE and/or -AMP (MET IHC3+ intensity in ≥90% of tumour cells and/or ≥10 MET gene copies by FISH) advanced NSCLC, post-1/-2L osi. Pts (randomised 1:1) received osi 80 mg QD + savo 300 mg BID or plat–pem (pem + carboplatin/cisplatin Q3W, 4 cycles, then maintenance pem Q3W) until RECIST 1.1 progression/discontinuation. Primary endpoint: PFS by BICR (RECIST 1.1); secondary/exploratory endpoints: OS, investigator-assessed PFS and safety. DCO: 06 Jul 2026.
Results
Overall, 338 pts were randomised: osi + savo n=171, plat–pem n=167. Osi + savo significantly improved PFS and OS vs plat–pem (PFS HR: 0.55; 95% CI 0.42, 0.72; p<0.001; OS HR: 0.68; 95% CI 0.50, 0.91; p=0.010; table). PFS benefit was consistent in the MET-OE and MET-AMP subgroups. All causality tx-emergent AEs (TEAEs): osi + savo 99% (Gr ≥3 64%); plat–pem 97% (Gr ≥3 63%). TEAEs leading to tx discontinuation: osi + savo 14%; plat–pem 8%. Serious TEAEs: osi + savo 41%; plat–pem 28%. Tx-related AEs: osi + savo 93% (Gr ≥3 40%); plat–pem 92% (Gr ≥3 52%).
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS by BICR KM curve (livestream capture) · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival KM curve (livestream capture) · 3) Slide: safety summary (livestream capture)
Another positive Ph.III in NSCLC! #DrShunLu presents SAFFRON: osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum/pemetrexed after osimertinib in EGFRm/MET+ disease. PFS 7.6 vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.55; p<0.001). OS 17.8 vs 12.9 mo (HR 0.68; p=0.010).
#ESMO26 #LungCancer @myESMO @OncoAlert https://t.co/I80Mmftreu
[Slide 2]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Is SAFFRON well-designed with valid results? ✅ YES and ✅ YES
SAFFRON study design [embedded schematic small; see clean copy 2114392179212951939_s3]
0 v 8% withdrew post randomization
99% v 87% started protocol therapy
Patient withdrawal 6% v 13%
Lost to follow up 0 v 1%
✓ Molecular selection, dual targeting strategy informed by prior studies1-4
✓ Is the control arm the current standard of care? (it was…)
✓ Randomized, power 90%, intent-to-treat-analysis, no crossover
✓ Unblinded but primary endpoint PFS by BICR
✓ PFS primary endpoint acceptable, (OS preferred)
✓ Patient characteristics balanced (1/3 male, 2/3 Asian, 31% CNS metastases, 16% post 2 TKIs)
✓ Disproportionate withdrawals in control arm
✓ Fixed sequence hierarchical testing appropriate for multiple testing (Type 1 error controlled) – IHC+ subgroup prioritized→ relevant for implementation
Lu S et al. ESMO Congress. 2026 LBA6
Natasha Leighl
Invited Discussant LBA6
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 4]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Resistance post Combination Therapy → Different Biology?
(Not for cross trial comparison)
FLAURA2 - no new resistance mechanisms, reduction in emergent mutations, fusions (ctDNA)
Osimertinib + Chemo vs Osimertinib: Acq EGFR mt 4% vs 14%; MET amplification 12% vs 11%; Her2 amplification 4% vs 1%; PI3K 7% vs 6; RAS/RAF 4% vs 13%; Other RTK 4% vs 7%; Fusions 8% vs 15%; Cell Cycle 13% vs 10%; TP53/RB1 loss 3% vs 4%
MARIPOSA - no new resistance mechanisms, reduction in MET, EGFR driven resistance (ctDNA)
Osimertinib (n=198) vs Amivantamab+Lazertinib (n=148): MET amplification 13.1% vs 3.4% (P=0.002); Secondary EGFR resistance mutations (C797S, L718X, G724X) 7.6% vs 1.4% (P=0.01); HER2 amplification 4.5% vs 8.8%; PI3K 9.1% vs 8.1%; RAS/RAFa 11.6% vs 10.1%; Other RTK 4.5% vs 2.0%; Cell cycleb 9.6% vs 12.8%; TP53/RB1 loss 2.5% vs 1.4%
aIncludes BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, PTPN11, and RAF1. bIncludes CCNE1, CDK4, CDKN2A, CCND2, CDK6, and CCND1. Note: Differences between other pathways were not statistically significant.
Figure created from Yang JC et al WCLC 2024; Hayashi et al. J Thorac. Oncol. 2026:103894.
Natasha B. Leighl
Natasha Leighl
Invited Discussant LBA6
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Saffron trial. Osimertinib plus savolitinib against chemo, post progression on osimertinib for advanced NSCLC with egfr mutation and met amplification /overexpression. @OncoAlert @myESMO #esmo26 https://t.co/7gw1KKowcT
[Slide 1]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Conclusions
• SAFFRON is the first global phase 3 study showing statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS and OS with osimertinib plus savolitinib versus platinum–pemetrexed, after progression on osimertinib, in EGFRm MET-overexpressed and/or -amplified advanced NSCLC
PFS HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.42, 0.72; p<0.001 | OS HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.50, 0.91; p = 0.010
• The PFS benefit with osimertinib plus savolitinib versus platinum–pemetrexed was consistent across prespecified subgroups
• The combination demonstrated a tolerable safety profile, which was consistent with the established profiles for each treatment1–5
• SAFFRON establishes the clinical value of an all-oral, biomarker-directed treatment approach targeting both EGFR and MET following progression on osimertinib, reinforcing osimertinib as a backbone treatment across lines of therapy
Osimertinib plus savolitinib establishes a new global standard of care for patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after progression on osimertinib
[footnote references illegible]
Shun Lu
Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 3]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
Patient disposition
35% of patients evaluable for MET testing had MET overexpression (IHC3+≥90%) and/or MET amplification (FISH10+)
Patients screened, N = 1746*
Patients randomised, N = 338
Osimertinib + savolitinib, n = 171 | Platinum–pemetrexed, n = 167
Received treatment, n = 170 (99%)† | Received treatment, n = 145 (87%)†
Ongoing any treatment at DCO, n = 45 (26%)‡ | Ongoing any treatment at DCO, n = 3 (2%)‡
Osimertinib + savolitinib, n = 43 (25%); Savolitinib, n = 43 (25%); Osimertinib, n = 45 (26%) | Pemetrexed, n = 3 (2%)
Discontinued any treatment, n = 127 (75%)‡¶ | Discontinued any treatment, n = 142 (98%)‡
Progressive disease, n = 89 (52%) | Progressive disease, n = 110 (76%)
Adverse event, n = 25 (15%) | Patient decision, n = 15 (10%)
Death, n = 9 (5%) | Adverse event, n = 13 (9%)
Patient decision, n = 7 (4%) | Consent withdrawal, n = 3 (2%)
Other, n = 4 (2%) | Death, n = 1 (1%)
Consent withdrawal, n = 2 (1%)
Data cut-off 06 July 2026. [remaining footnotes illegible]
Shun Lu
Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 4]
16:30 - 18:15 Presidential Symposium II
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
First subsequent treatment
Platinum-based chemotherapy was the most common FST in the osimertinib plus savolitinib arm
Non-platinum-based chemotherapy was the most common FST in the platinum–pemetrexed arm
Osimertinib + savolitinib (n = 126)*: No FST (n = 51); FST (n = 75); 60% patients received FST†
Received FST‡ bar: 33% | 5% | 15% | 5% | 41%
Platinum–pemetrexed (n = 164)*: No FST (n = 56); FST (n = 108); 66% patients received FST†
Received FST‡ bar: 23% | 19% | 14% | 33% | 10%
Legend: Platinum-based chemotherapy | Non-platinum-based chemotherapy | EGFR-TKI | MET-TKI | Other¶
Data cut-off: 06 July 2026. [remaining footnotes illegible]
Shun Lu
Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS in full analysis, MET-overexpressed and MET-amplified
🚨 SAFFRON: A double survival win after osimertinib resistance!
Concomitantly published in NEJM at #ESMO26!
Phase III | EGFR-mutant, MET-high NSCLC
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs chemotherapy:
📈 PFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 months (HR 0.55; p<0.001)
🔥 OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 months (HR 0.68; p=0.01)
🎯 ORR: 51% vs 27%
💡 Verdict: MET-driven resistance is actionable. Rebiopsy after osimertinib progression could unlock a survival-improving targeted option!
@myesmo @ESMO_open @NEJM @ASCO @oncoalert @nicogirardcurie
Full paper link in comment below ⬇️
A Progression-free Survival in the Full Analysis Population
No. of Events/No. of Patients | Median Progression-free Survival (95% CI) mo
Osimertinib–Savolitinib 117/171 7.6 (5.6–9.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed 113/167 5.4 (4.2–5.8)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.55 (95% CI, 0.42–0.72)
P<0.001
B Progression-free Survival in the MET-Overexpressed Analysis Population
Osimertinib–Savolitinib 77/124 8.5 (5.7–11.1)
Platinum–Pemetrexed 80/118 5.6 (4.4–6.7)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.51 (95% CI, 0.37–0.71)
P<0.001
C Progression-free Survival in the MET-Amplified Analysis Population
Osimertinib–Savolitinib 89/129 7.6 (5.6–9.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed 79/116 4.2 (3.1–5.5)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.35–0.66)
Percentage of Patients
Months since Randomization
No. at Risk
Osimertinib–savolitinib
Platinum–pemetrexed
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (full analysis population; panel A of 3)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib–savolitinib | 171 | 7.6 | 5.6–9.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 5.4 | 4.2–5.8
HR: 0.55
HR CI: 0.42–0.72
P: P<0.001
12-month PFS 36 vs 10 (label on curve, %)
1) Slide: Room photo: Natasha Leighl presenting 'Resistance Patterns After Osimertinib Treatment' · 2) Slide: How does MET amplification relate to protein expression? — Leighl discussion slide
Excellent discussion from Natasha Leighl contextualising Saffron study. MET amplification defined by previous Savannah study. Is IHC enough - yes!Control arm performs as expected, but note that MET is a poor prognostic marker
But less than a third have MET 3+.
#ESMO26 #LCSM https://t.co/NuBYbao35t
1) Slide: 1L options for EGFRm NSCLC — Leighl discussion slide · 2) Slide: MET amplification as a common resistance mechanism in oncogene-addicted lung cancer · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Is MET overexpression enough or do we need MET addiction?
Brilliant discussion of the SAFFRON trial by prof Leighl at #ESMO26!
As always, incredibly engaging, insightful and clinically focused!
Robust, clinically meaningful PFS and OS benefits with osimertinib + savolitinib.
Toxicity matters: edema, diarrhea and paronychia require careful management.
Key question: Is MET overexpression by IHC enough? IHC identifies eligible patients, but adding FISH can help avoid missing patients with MET amplification.
Precision oncology is not just about having the right drug, but also identifying the right patients! We have a clear new SOC here
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #LungCancer #EGFR #MET
Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS by BICR in MET-overexpressed and MET-amplified analysis sets
SAFFRON Phase III at #ESMO26!
Prof. Lu presents the results of osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed in pts with EGFR-mutant NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after osimertinib progression.
Primary endpoint – PFS:
7.6 vs 5.4 months
HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42–0.72), p<0.001
Secondary endpoint – OS:
17.8 vs 12.9 months
HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.91), p=0.010
Important detail: MET overexpression was defined as IHC 3+ in ≥90% of tumour cells, a particularly stringent threshold! MET amplification was defined as FISH10+.
Personal take: A compelling PFS benefit accompanied by OS data is clearly enough. Patient selection is critical: solid not done yet, let’s get back a key message for our pathologist: test it test it test for MET amp and or over-expressed by IHC!!!
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #EGFR #MET #NSCLC #LungCancer
#ESMO26 | SAFFRON
Targeting MET-driven resistance after osimertinib with an all-oral, chemo-free regimen delivers both PFS and OS benefits. A nearly 5-month improvement in median OS reinforces its clinical value.
Identifying the resistance mechanism at progression matters! However, where osimertinib + savolitinib fits relative to amivantamab + chemo remains an open question.
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS by BICR KM (Shun Lu) · 2) Slide: PFS by BICR in MET subgroups (Shun Lu)
🚨 Awaited SAFFRON #ESMO26 OSI + savolitinib vs ChT EGFRm/MET+ NSCLC after 1L OSI. First positive targeted strategy post-progression!👏👏
🔹 PFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.55)
🔹 OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 mo (HR 0.68)
@NEJM New roads, challenges: biomarker testing IHC/NGS Tx, Liquid in focus! https://t.co/vfW8thruns
#ESMO26 SAFFRON: osimertinib + savolitinib improves PFS (HR 0.55) and OS (17.8 vs 12.9 months; HR 0.68) after osimertinib in MET-selected EGFRm NSCLC.
An all-oral option—but how do we choose versus amivantamab + chemotherapy? No head-to-head data. Biology matters.
@myESMO #ESMO26 @Larvol @OncoAlert
Conclusions
• SAFFRON is the first global phase 3 study showing statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS and OS with osimertinib plus savolitinib versus platinum–pemetrexed, after progression on osimertinib, in EGFRm MET-overexpressed and/or -amplified advanced NSCLC
PFS HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.42, 0.72; p<0.001 | OS HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.50, 0.91; p = 0.010
• The PFS benefit with osimertinib plus savolitinib versus platinum–pemetrexed was consistent across prespecified subgroups
• The combination demonstrated a tolerable safety profile, which was consistent with the established profiles for each treatment1–5
• SAFFRON establishes the clinical value of an all-oral, biomarker-directed treatment approach targeting both EGFR and MET following progression on osimertinib, reinforcing osimertinib as a backbone treatment across lines of therapy
Osimertinib plus savolitinib establishes a new global standard of care for patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after progression on osimertinib
1. Hartmaier et al. Cancer Discov 2023;13:98–113; 2. Le et al. J Thorac Oncol 2026;21:318–327; 3. Yang et al. Clin Lung Cancer 2026;27:38–46; 4. de Marinis et al. Ann Oncol 2025;36:920–933; 5. Lu et al. Lancet. 2026 24;407:375–38[illegible]
Osimertinib plus savolitinib versus platinum–pemetrexed in patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after progression on osimertinib: SAFFRON Phase III primary results
Shun Lu,1 Nicolas Girard, Yusuke Okuma, Frances A. Shepherd, Xiaorong Dong, Surein Arulananda, Giulio Metro, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Laura Bonanno, Yu Jung Kim, Zhe Liu, Myung-Ju Ahn, Yuping Sun, Le Thuong Vu, Silvia Novello, Rafał Lolo, Balakumar Swaminathan, Laura Roncoroni, Francis Maria Esposito, James Chih-Hsin Yang
1Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
25 October 2026
Slide: patient demographics and baseline characteristics (photo)
Lu: presenting Saffron study comparing chemo vs Osi+Sav in Met high pt. Note no Osi in control arm. Increased ORR, PFS and OS! Main issue is need to show IHC or FISH+. More oedema, diarrhoea in Osi arm. Equal subsequent treatments in both arms. New SoC!
#LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/vzzugUzjLL
1) Trial design schema: discussant slide (Natasha B. Leighl): Is well-designed with valid · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: discussant slide: PFS in MET-overexpressed vs MET-amplified
🚨 #ESMO26 | SAFFRON Phase III | NEJM
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs chemotherapy in MET-positive EGFRm NSCLC after osimertinib:
✅ PFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.55)
✅ OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 mo (HR 0.68)
✅ ORR: 51% vs 27%
🎯 A potential new standard of care!
#LungCancer #NSCLC https://t.co/5fE6rh1wV2
Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM figure: PFS in the full analysis population, osimertinib–savolitinib
Presented at #ESMO26:
In patients with 𝘌𝘎𝘍𝘙-mutated and MET-altered non–small-cell lung cancer that had progressed during osimertinib therapy, osimertinib plus savolitinib (a MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor) led to longer survival than platinum–pemetrexed. Full phase 3 SAFFRON trial results: https://t.co/cGGRus8pjE
@myESMO
Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM figure: overall survival, osimertinib-savolitinib vs platinum-pemetrexed
Original Article: Osimertinib–Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC after Progression during EGFR-TKI Therapy (phase 3 SAFFRON trial) https://t.co/1kGklBR56m
#ESMO26 | @myESMO https://t.co/d2TAi4a8PR
No. of Events/No. of Patients; Median Overall Survival (95% CI), mo
Osimertinib–Savolitinib 87/171 17.8 (15.6–23.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed 93/167 12.9 (10.6–16.8)
Hazard ratio for death, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.50–0.91) P=0.01
12-month landmark labels: 70 vs 53
Months since Randomization
Percentage of Patients
No. at Risk: Osimertinib–savolitinib, Platinum–pemetrexed
Survival table
Endpoint: OS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib–savolitinib | 171 | 17.8 mo | 15.6–23.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 12.9 mo | 10.6–16.8
HR: 0.68
HR CI: 0.50–0.91
P: P=0.01
12-mo OS label: 70 vs 53
Kaplan-Meier survival data: Osimertinib–Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC after
What happens when osimertinib stops working? A major concern for our EGFR+ #lungcancer community.
SAFFRON Phase III: 17.8 vs 12.9 months median survival with osimertinib + savolitinib vs chemotherapy in MET-altered disease.
Promising results #ESMO2026. Now, what about UK access?
https://t.co/MsoeIP6EAt #LCSM
Slide: Drivers of EGFR TKI sensitivity and resistance: mechanisms and potential treatment approaches
At #ESMO26, Dr. Natasha Leighl discussed “SAFFRON: A New Spice in the Post-Osimertinib Landscape.”
Her focus: MET-driven resistance, the rationale for dual EGFR/MET targeting, and why MET amplification (FISH) and protein overexpression (IHC) need careful testing.
SAFFRON: osimertinib + savolitinib vs chemotherapy improved median PFS (7.6 vs 5.4 mo), OS (17.8 vs 12.9 mo), and response (51% vs 27%).
#lcsm #MET
Slide: PERSEE visual abstract (Annals of Oncology)
#ESMO26 2614O
PERSEE
Head-to-head comparison of 1L treatments for NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥50%
📚Ann Oncol 2026
https://t.co/l4gbarp7a1
🔑Key Results
🎯 Population: 321 treatment-naïve advanced NSCLC patients with PD-L1≥50% and no driver mutations
📈 Median PFS: 16.1 months (Combo) vs 6.9 months (Mono) (HR 0.56, P<0.001)
🏆 ORR: 77.5% (Combo) vs 50.3% (Mono)
⏱️ Early progression rate (at 6 weeks): Drastically reduced with Combo (5.8%) vs Mono (26.5%)
⚠️ Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 54% (Combo) vs 19% (Mono)
🔥 The PFS benefit of Combo was maintained even in the ultra-high PD-L1 (90-100%) subgroup (25.4 vs 7.1 months)
#ESMO26 | PERSEE
For patients fit enough to tolerate chemotherapy, these results strengthen my preference for pembro + CT, even with very high PD-L1.
The sustained PFS benefit and encouraging OS separation deserve attention.
Heartfelt congratulations to the investigators for conducting this academic, multicentre trial addressing a question we face every day👏
#ESMO26 | PERSEE
We expected chemotherapy to add benefit, but the magnitude of PFS improvement even in PD-L1 ≥90% patients is striking.
Despite the limitations of subgroup analyses, these findings challenge the routine preference for ICI monotherapy in this population. https://t.co/0h3Tn6bVp6 https://t.co/Z817K9TKsB
Biomarker data: PERSEE PFS by PD-L1 TPS category (livestream capture)
‼️ In first line treatment of advanced PD-L1 ≥50% NSCLC, PERSEE demonstrates a significant improvement of PFS with pembro-CT compared to pembro monotherapy regardless of PDL1 level of (over)expression. Practise changing trial. @myESMO @OncoAlert #ESMO26 👏👏👏 @decroisette https://t.co/PXSKgrImYX
Kaplan-Meier survival data: PERSEE primary endpoint: PFS by BCR
#ESMO26 Dr. @decroisette with the important PERSEE trial: pembrolizumab +/- chemotherapy in PDL1 high NSCLC. Enrolled 321 pts in 3y at 28 sites. Pembro-chemo PFS 16.1 vs 6.9m (HR 0.56), better across strata. OS 50.2 vs 29.9m (HR 0.77, ns) - not powered for OS. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/B9NBt7E1bP
Academic & pragmatic phase III trial (PERSEE) #ESMO26 reshaping therapeutic choices for PD-L1 high patients (including ultra-high PD-L1 80/90%). Convincing & impressive results.
Huge congrats to the GFPC group 🇫🇷 for leading this unique and crucial study! 👏@decroisette https://t.co/GhrgWTxf8Q
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥PERSEE (GFPC 01-2020): Pembrolizumab With or Without Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in Advanced NSCLC With PD-L1 ≥50%, Phase 3 Trial
🎙️ @decroisette
🔢2614O
🎯Pembro-Chemo Improved BCR-PFS vs Pembro Alone
🎯PFS HR 0.56, mPFS 16.1 vs 6.9m
🎯OS HR 0.77 not significant; mOS 50.2 vs 29.9mo
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 53.8% vs 19.3%
☑️NCT04547504
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
PARSEE trial- while we might be parseeing the data for a while, on surface they seem per se immediately practice-changing!
Chemo/IO led to impressive benefits for tps score>50 pts over pembro alone when it comes to primary endpoint of PFS, trends for OS, dramatic reduction in early progression (25 to 5% or so) - at cost of anticipated toxicities
Benefit surprisingly just as much in tps >90! Only subset of note w limited benefits - pts>70 yrs
So it seems chemo/IO is now the best SOC for pts w non-AGA tps>50 advanced NSCLC w IO likely most appropriate for frail elderly
Special kudos to Dr. Decroisette and the French GFPC study team for completing such an important trial! Merci!
#lcsm
#ESMO26
#ESMO26 Dr. @benlevylungdoc guides a thoughtful discussion on escalation of therapy for driver negative NSCLC. Notes limitations of current tools to guide proper use of local consolidative radiation. Addition of chemotherapy as done in PERSEE is a real win, even in ultra high. Awaiting other studies, including INSIGNA. #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 2]
Potential explanations
1. Conventional imaging modalities currently leveraged to define the oligometastatic state cannot detect micro-metastatic disease
2. Spatial tumor heterogeneity is inherent in the oligometastic state and could lead to differential responses to radiation in the patient
3. Despite earlier data suggesting synergy, there has been more recent data suggesting a negative interaction with IO and radiation
[Slide 3]
My take
1. These results are not a fluke
2. Escalation is not for everyone
3. Future trials in this space will be informative
[Slide 4]
INSIGNA TRIAL DESIGN
Stratification
• PD-L1 status (tumor proportion score 1%-49% vs ≥ 50%)
• Smoking status (ever vs never)
RANDOMIZATION
Arm A | 1st line treatment*: Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV over 30 min on day 1 | 2nd line treatment§: Pemetrexed 500 mg/m² IV over 10 min followed by Carboplatin AUC 5 IV over 30 min on day 1. Repeat for 4 cycles or until disease progression
Arm B | 1st line treatment*: Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV over 30 min on day 1 | 2nd line treatment§: Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV over 30 min followed by Pemetrexed 500 mg/m² IV over 10 min followed by Carboplatin AUC 5 IV over 30 min on day 1. Repeat for 4 cycles or until disease progression
Arm C | 1st line treatment: Induction (4 cycles)¶: Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV over 30 min followed by Pemetrexed 500 mg/m² IV over 10 min followed by Carboplatin AUC 5 IV over 30 min on day 1 → Maintenance**: Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV over 30 min followed by Pemetrexed 500 mg/m² IV over 10 min on day 1 | 2nd line treatment: Not specified
Accrual goal = 846 patients.
Cycle = 3 weeks (21 d).
*Repeat until progression or maximum of 2 years. If maximum treatment duration is reached prior to PD, or treatment is discontinued for any other reason, patient will remain in observation until progression. If patient doesn't continue onto 2nd line treatment, he/she will proceed to long-term follow-up.
§Following completion of 2nd line treatment, patient will proceed to long-term follow-up.
**Repeat for 2 years of total treatment across induction and maintenance, or until disease progression. If after 2 years there is no progression, pemetrexed will continue per standard of care.
Slide courtesy of Hoss Borghaei
🚨 #ESMO26 | PERSEE phase III trial
Dr Decroisette presents PERSEE, comparing pembrolizumab + chemo vs pembrolizumab alone in 1L advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥50%.
Numerically better PFS with the combination, but the primary endpoint was NOT met.
The study was stopped prematurely, limiting its statistical power.
📉 Importantly, the pembrolizumab-alone arm substantially underperformed expectations in terms of PFS, raising important questions about the interpretation and generalisability of these findings.
A numerically longer OS was also observed (50.2 vs 29.9 months), but the trial was not powered to demonstrate an OS difference.
A thought-provoking study reminding us that numerical differences, statistical significance and clinical relevance are not always the same thing IMO
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #PERSEE #NSCLC #LungCancer
Practice changing PERSEE trial. Chemo/IO vs IO in PDL1>50%. Trial powered for PFS, which was positive regardless of PDL1. OS not significant but favours chemo. More AEs with chemo. Hard to ignore these results but would’ve liked OS as primary. #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/Al6qUUeocy
Another practice changing result for lung oncology at #ESMO26: PERSEE trial
👉 Academic 🇫🇷 multicentre study
👉 Which is best in 1L PD-L1 >50% NSCLC: pembro (P) or chemo+pembro (CT-P)?
What do we know already?
🔹Retrospective study suggested modest benefit of CT-P
What did this study do?
🔸 Phase 3, multi-centre, randomised
🔸 Local PD-L1 testing
🔸 1:1 P or CT-P
🔸 1’ end-point = PFS
What was found? CT-P…
✅ Improved mPFS in whole popn (HR 0.56)
✅ Improvement was in all PD-L1 levels (50-74; 75-90; 90-100%)
✅ Improvement in mOS (HR 0.77), not powered for significance
✅ Increased ORR: 77% v 50%
✅ Reduced early progression
Thoughts:
🤔 An easy way to improve the outcome for most of your PD-L1 >50% pts: add chemo to the pembro
🤔 CT-P still not for everyone: less/no benefit in >70yrs, and squamous histology
🤔 Shame PS=2 not included, to make this more real-world
🤔 Had not expected CT-P to be better across all PD-L1 levels
🤔 Pembro only still has a role in select PD-L1 high, especially >90% with KRAS G12C
Will this change my practice?
👉 I already use CT-P in PD-L1 50-80%, but I will now use it in >80% for most (but not all) pts
👏 Great study. Congratulations to authors #LCSM
Trial design schema: Phone screenshot of journal article header
🔥🚨@OncoAlert Hot off the press.
Just published @Annals_Oncology in conjunction with presentation @myESMO #ESMO26
results of:
⭐️#PERSEE phase 3 trial of:
❇️#Pembrolizumab monotherapy
Vs
#Pembrolizumab + #Chemotherapy
🎯For #1stLine Tx of advanced non-small-cell #LungCancer (#NSCLC) with HIGH #PDL1 (PD-L1 ≥50%).
Study showed:
‼️Statistically significant & clinically meaningful ⬆️#ProgressionFreeSurvival Benefit.
✅#mPFS: 16.1 vs 6.9 mo (HR 0.56)
❓#mOS: 50.2 vs 29.9 mo
NOT Statistical Significant
(HR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56–1.05)
Study not powered for #OverallSurvival
👇🏻
https://t.co/V3yc1U84Bi
ESMO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
ORIGINAL ARTICLE · Articles in Press, October 25, 2026
Open Access
Pembrolizumab with or without platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC expressing PD-L1 ≥50%: The PERSEE randomized phase III trial (GFPC 01-2020)
Renaud Descourt 1,# · Alice Mogenet 2 · Maelys Consigny 3 · ... · Christos Chouaïd 7,29 · Laurent Greillier 2 · Chantal Decroisette 30,# ...
Show more
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PERSEE PFS2: pembro + CT vs pembro · 2) Slide: PERSEE safety table · 3) Response data: PERSEE ORR, early progression and duration
Is more better in PD-L1 >50% PD-L1 NSCLC? 🇫🇷 PERSEE trial demonstrated that compared to pembro monotherapy, chemo-pembro showed better ORR and PFS, less early progressions, and numerically longer OS although not statistically significant (secondary endpoint, not powered).
Really every patient needs chemo-IO?
Is this the end of the discussion or just more data to debate?
#ESMO26 #LCSM
Slide: PERSEE title slide with presenter Chantal Decroisette on stage
@myGFPC PRESEE trial is now presented by @decroisette #ESMO26. Publication in annals of oncology simultaneously !
So proup of our cooperative group 💪🇨🇵 https://t.co/ZnqX7HeAGH
LBA66 - Sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) plus pembrolizumab (P) versus chemotherapy (chemo) plus pembrolizumab (P) as first-line (1L) treatment for PD-L1-negative advanced non-squamous (nsq) NSCLC: Randomized phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung06 study
Speakers Caicun Zhou (Shanghai, China)
Lecture Time 10:53 - 11:03
Background
Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is the standard 1L treatment for PD-L1-negative advanced nsq-NSCLC without actionable genomic alterations, but outcomes remain suboptimal. Sac-TMT, a TROP2-directed ADC, previously showed encouraging activity with PD-1 blockade in 1L PD-L1-positive NSCLC (Xiong et al., Lancet, 2026). We report the results from the preplanned interim PFS analysis of OptiTROP-Lung06 (NCT06711900).
Methods
Eligible patients (pts) had treatment-naïve, locally advanced or metastatic nsq-NSCLC without EGFR/ALK alterations and PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) <1% using the 22C3 assay. Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive sac-TMT 4 mg/kg Q2W + P 400 mg Q6W or chemo + P. The primary endpoint was PFS per RECIST 1.1 assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR); OS was secondary.
Results
A total of 455 pts (median age 63 yrs; 72.1% male; 82.4% ECOG 1; 91.6% stage IV) were randomized to receive sac-TMT + P (n=229) or chemo + P (n=226). As of Jun 9, 2026, median follow-up was 9.7 mo. Sac-TMT + P showed a highly statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS by BICR compared with chemo + P (median: 15.0 vs 5.7 mo; HR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.36-0.65; p<0.0001). OS data were immature, but a favorable trend was observed in the sac-TMT + P group (HR, 0.58; 95% CI 0.38-0.88). ORR by BICR was 50.2% vs 47.3%, and median DoR was 13.6 vs 6.8 mo (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.77). Grade ≥3 TEAEs were less frequent with sac-TMT + P than with chemo+ P (47.6% vs 60.6%), including neutrophil count decreased (19.7% vs 28.8%), white blood cell count decreased (9.6% vs 16.4%), anemia (6.1% vs 20.4%), and platelet count decreased (3.9% vs 14.6%). Sac-TMT-associated AESIs were manageable; grade ≥3 stomatitis occurred in 2.2%.
Conclusions
Sac-TMT+ P significantly prolonged PFS versus chemo + P, with longer response duration and a manageable safety profile. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized phase 3 study showing superior PFS with a TROP2-directed ADC plus PD-1 blockade versus an immunotherapy-plus-chemo standard therapy in NSCLC, supporting sac-TMT +P as a potential 1L treatment option for this population.
Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival KM figure (NEJM-style journal figure)
🚨 ESMO 2026 × NEJM: Is chemotherapy losing its place in first-line lung cancer?
🔥 OptiTROP-Lung06 delivers a striking Phase III result in PD-L1–negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC!
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab vs chemo + pembrolizumab:
📊 Median PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 months
🔥 51% lower risk of progression/death (HR 0.49)
✅ Grade ≥3 AEs: 47.6% vs 60.6%
⚠️ OS remains immature.
The big question: Could TROP2-ADC + immunotherapy replace platinum chemotherapy in first line?
Published simultaneously in NEJM during #ESMO26.
@my_esmo @ESMO_open @ASCO @oncoalert
#LungCancer #NSCLC #ESMO26
1) Trial design schema: study design (NCT06711900), Prof. Caicun Zhou · 2) Slide: PFS by BICR (Caicun Zhou) · 3) Slide: descriptive OS at PFS IA (Caicun Zhou)
#ESMO26 Dr. Caicun Zhou presents OptiTROP-Lung06: 1L Sac-TMT (TROP2 ADC) + pembro vs chemo + pembro in non-squamous NSCLC. PFS 15m vs 5.7m (HR 0.49). OS immature but 1y rate 78% vs 66% (HR 0.58). mDOR 13.6m vs 6.8m. TEAEs leading to d/c of drug 6% with Sac-TMT 14% with chemoIO. https://t.co/NuvZZ9S3EM
[Slide 1]
Phase 2 Study 2870-002/SKB264-II-06 (NCT05642780)
Key Eligibility Criteria for UC Cohort
• Aged ≥18 y
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, or urethraa
• Not eligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapyb
• No prior systemic therapy for advanced or unresectable urothelial carcinomac
• Measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
→ Sac-TMT 4 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg IV Q2Wd + Pembrolizumab 400 mg IV Q6W; N = 40
Endpoints
Primary
• Safety, including AEs and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation
• ORR per RECIST v1.1 by investigator
Secondary
• DCR per RECIST v1.1 by investigator
• DOR per RECIST v1.1 by investigator
• PFS per RECIST v1.1 by investigator
• OS
aParticipants with mixed histology were eligible provided that the urothelial component was >50% and the plasmacytoid component was <10% per local pathology assessment. Participants with non-urothelial cancer of the urinary tract were not eligible. bDefined as meeting ≥1 of the following criteria: creatinine clearance (calculated or measured) <60 mL/min but >30 mL/min, grade ≥2 audiometric hearing loss, grade ≥2 peripheral neuropathy, or NYHA Class III heart failure. cPlatinum-based therapy or nivolumab used in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting with recurrence >12 months since completion of therapy was permitted. Low-dose chemotherapy given concurrently with radiation to the primary tumor site was not considered systemic therapy. dParticipants received sac-TMT until PD or unacceptable toxicity and pembrolizumab until PD, unacceptable toxicity, or completion of 2 years of treatment.
[Slide 2]
ORR, DCR, and DOR by TROP2 and PD-L1
| Sac-TMT + pembro (N = 40)
Confirmed ORR (95% CI), % | 68 (51–81)
Subgroup, % (95% CI) [responders/N]
TROP2 H-score <median | 72 (47–90) [13/18]
TROP2 H-score ≥median | 68 (43–87) [13/19]
PD-L1 CPS <10 | 72 (53–86) [23/32]
PD-L1 CPS ≥10 | 50 (16–84) [4/8]
Confirmed DCR (95% CI), % | 88 (73–96)
Subgroup, % (95% CI) [responders/N]
TROP2 H-score <median | 89 (65–99) [16/18]
TROP2 H-score ≥median | 89 (67–99) [17/19]
PD-L1 CPS <10 | 94 (79–99) [30/32]
PD-L1 CPS ≥10 | 63 (25–92) [5/8]
DOR, median (range), mo | 19.4 (2.0–25.8+)
Subgroup, median, (range), mo [no. of responders]
TROP2 H-score <median | NR (2.0–25.8+) [13]
TROP2 H-score ≥median | 15.4 (3.6–22.2+) [13]
PD-L1 CPS <10 | 19.4 (2.0–25.8+) [23]
PD-L1 CPS ≥10 | 9.0 (3.9–22.1+) [4]
Median study follow-up duration, 22.8 (range, 19.8–30.0) months. Median TROP2 H-score = 270. 95% CIs for ORR and DCR are based on the Clopper-Pearson method. Median DORs are based on the Kaplan-Meier method for censored data. Data cutoff, Jan 26, 2026.
[Slide 3]
PFS by TROP2 and PD-L1
[Left KM: PFS, % vs Time, mo]
Median (95% CI), mo
TROP2 H-score <median | 11.2 (3.7–NR)
TROP2 H-score ≥median | 11.9 (5.6–21.1)
No. at risk (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30)
<median | 18 16 11 9 7 7 7 6 3 1 0
≥median | 19 17 12 10 9 8 6 4 0 0 0
[Right KM: PFS, % vs Time, mo]
Median (95% CI), mo
PD-L1 CPS <10 | 15.6 (7.2–NR)
PD-L1 CPS ≥10 | 5.7 (0.5–NR)
No. at risk (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30)
CPS <10 | 32 30 22 18 15 15 13 9 4 1 0
CPS ≥10 | 8 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 0 0 0
• In the overall cohort, median PFS was 11.2 (95% CI, 5.8–NR) months and median OS was NR (95% CI, 17.2 mo to NR)
Median study follow-up duration, 22.8 (range, 19.8–30.0) months. Median PFS and OS are based on the Kaplan-Meier method for censored data. Data cutoff, Jan 26, 2026.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by TROP2 H-score and PD-L1 CPS (single-arm sac-TMT + pembro, N=40)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Overall cohort | 40 | 11.2 | 5.8-NR
TROP2 H-score <median | 18 | 11.2 | 3.7-NR
TROP2 H-score ≥median | 19 | 11.9 | 5.6-21.1
PD-L1 CPS <10 | 32 | 15.6 | 7.2-NR
PD-L1 CPS ≥10 | 8 | 5.7 | 0.5-NR
1) Slide: conclusions: sac-TMT + pembro vs chemo + pembro, median PFS and DOR · 2) Safety data: summary of safety: TEAEs sac-TMT + pembro vs chemo +
OptiTROP-Lung06 🫁
Sac-TMT + pembrolizumab: A substantial PFS benefit in 1L PD-L1-negative advanced NSCLC, with OS data still immature.
@OncoAlert #ESMO26 #LungCancer #Lcsm #ESMOAmbassadors #ESMOcommunity @myESMO https://t.co/XTv3FAFHOZ
Slide: baseline characteristics - Prof. Caicun Zhou
Zhou: Optitrop-Lung06 chemo/io vs sacTMT/Pembro in PDL1 neg. Impressive PFS difference. Similar second line use. Deeper responses and double duration of response. Less tox except more stomatitis.
Access is a major issue!
#LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/Rqm8vvYalR
Figure 1. Progression-free Survival as Assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review.
No. of Patients with Event/No. of Patients (%) | Median Progression-free Survival (95% CI), mo
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan+Pembrolizumab | 79/229 (34.5) | 15.0 (9.9–NE)
Chemotherapy+Pembrolizumab | 126/226 (55.8) | 5.7 (5.5–7.4)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.49 (95% CI, 0.36–0.65)
12-month: Sacituzumab tirumotecan+pembrolizumab 51.1 (95% CI, 41.5–59.9); Chemotherapy+pembrolizumab 22.8 (95% CI, 15.3–31.3)
No. at Risk
Sacituzumab tirumotecan+pembrolizumab 229 224 197 173 162 141 107 88 77 60 45 41 28 15 15 12 2 2 2
Chemotherapy+pembrolizumab 226 221 192 157 141 109 77 64 56 38 25 22 16 5 4 4 1 1 0
Shown are the Kaplan–Meier estimates of progression-free survival as assessed by blinded independent central review in the intention-to-treat population (which included all the patients who had undergone randomization) as of the data-cutoff date of June 9, 2026. Progression-free survival was defined as the time from randomization to the first documented occurrence of disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurred first. Tumor assessments were performed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1, by blinded independent central review. Confidence intervals have not been adjusted for multiplicity and should not be used in place of hypothesis testing. NE denotes not estimable.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab | 229 | 15.0 | 9.9–NE
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab | 226 | 5.7 | 5.5–7.4
HR: 0.49
HR CI: 0.36–0.65
Landmark rates:
12 months: Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab 51.1% (CI 41.5–59.9) | Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab 22.8% (CI 15.3–31.3)
PFS (BICR) in Subgroups
A generally consistent PFS benefit of sac-TMT + pembro over chemo + pembro was observed across subgroups.
Subgroup | Number of Events/Patients Sac-TMT+Pembro | Chemo+Pembro | Hazard Ratio (95% CI)
All subjects | 79/229 | 126/226 | 0.49 (0.36-0.65)
Sex
Male | 53/165 | 99/163 | 0.39 (0.28-0.55)
Female | 26/64 | 27/63 | 0.88 (0.51-1.51)
Age
<65 years | 46/126 | 75/122 | 0.44 (0.30-0.64)
≥ 65 years | 33/103 | 51/104 | 0.57 (0.37-0.88)
ECOG Performance Status
0 | 13/40 | 22/40 | 0.49 (0.24-1.00)
1 | 66/189 | 104/186 | 0.49 (0.36-0.66)
Clinical stage at enrollment
Stage IV | 75/210 | 120/207 | 0.49 (0.37-0.66)
Smoking history
Current or former smoker | 47/150 | 88/142 | 0.36 (0.25-0.51)
Never smoker | 32/79 | 38/84 | 0.80 (0.50-1.29)
Liver metastasis
No | 73/212 | 108/200 | 0.52 (0.39-0.70)
Number of distant metastatic sites
<3 | 52/158 | 78/149 | 0.52 (0.36-0.74)
≥3 | 23/52 | 42/58 | 0.47 (0.28-0.78)
TROP2 expression
Low (H-score ≤200) | 26/77 | 47/87 | 0.49 (0.30-0.80)
High (H-score >200) | 32/89 | 47/83 | 0.59 (0.37-0.92)
Unknown | 21/63 | 32/56 | 0.38 (0.22-0.67)
<--Sac-TMT+Pembro Better Chemo+Pembro Better-->
HR along with the 95% CI were estimated using unstratified Cox Proportional Hazards model in each subgroup. Subgroup analyses will not be presented for any subgroup variable in which one or more levels account for less than 10% of the total analysis population. TROP-2 expression was evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens by immunohistochemistry.
Professor Caicun Zhou
Slide: sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy + pembrolizumab, PFS by BICR (NEJM Figure 1)
Presented at #ESMO26:
Among patients with PD-L1–negative advanced nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer, progression-free survival was longer with sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab than with chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab (15.0 vs. 5.7 months). Full phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung06 trial results: https://t.co/8KxJzxKpQZ
@myESMO
Congrats to the SARON investigators! Important randomized data for a question we face all the time. 👏
Consolidation RT improved local control and PFS, but no OS benefit demonstrated: HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.63-1.55).
The RT details caught my eye. Of 62 pts who received RT, 51 had conventional treatment to the primary and only 11 had primary SABR. About 53% of the full cohort had N2/3 disease.
Side note: in the separate 13-pt ESTRO safety substudy, the most common schedules were 55 Gy/20 fx to the primary (10/13 pts) and 27 Gy/3 fx to thoracic mets (4/14 lesions). Those are substudy doses, not the dose distribution for the whole trial.
Curious how pts who actually received SABR to all sites did. That would be exploratory, but I'd like to see the dose/volume details and patterns of failure before generalizing these results to patients receiving total consolidation.
Looking forward to the full paper! #ESMO26 #radonc
https://t.co/3AtnSapEMk
[logos: SARON, Cancer Research UK, Cancer Trials Centre, UCL, RTTQA Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance]
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) for Oligometastatic NSCLC
Lung primary (+/- nodes) suitable for radical RT or SABR, with 1-5 synchronous oligometastatic disease
↓
6-8 weeks induction systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT)
↓
140 patients randomised 1:1
Investigational arm:
CFRT (Conventional fractionated radiotherapy) or SABR to primary (+/- nodes) & SABR / SRS (Stereotactic radiosurgery) to metastases
Maximum of further 4-6 weeks of induction SACT + maintenance
Control arm:
Maximum of further 4-6 weeks of induction SACT + maintenance
Thoracic SABR Safety Sub-Study (TSSS)
Patients treated CFRT to primary (+/- nodes) & SABR to thoracic metastases
[CT dose-wash images: sagittal, coronal and axial planes]
Fig 1: Example of CFRT to primary & SABR to thoracic spine
Report acute toxicity (<3months post radiotherapy) and dosimetric association
Presenting the UK’s SARON study Dr @fifimcdrmh to a full hall at #ESMO26
In patients with de novo oligometastatic mutation driver negative #NSCLC , consolidation radiotherapy to the primary and metastases improved PFS but no OS
No significant difference in QOL or AEs
Huge thanks to all the patients and trialists involved
[Slide 1]
Background and Rationale
SARON
Local consolidative therapy (LCT) with radiotherapy or surgery improves outcomes in patients with oligo-metastatic / oligo-persistent NSCLC treated with chemotherapy 1-2
LCT with radiotherapy improves outcomes in patients with synchronous oligo-metastatic, oligo-organ & poly-metastatic EGFR mutated NSCLC treated with TKI 3-5
LCT with radiotherapy or surgery is not associated with improved outcomes in patients with oligo-persistent NSCLC treated with chemotherapy & immunotherapy 6-7
Do patients with synchronous oligometastatic, actionable genomic alteration (AGA)-negative, NSCLC benefit from the addition of consolidation radiotherapy to chemotherapy and / or immunotherapy?
1Gomez et al Lancet Oncol 2016; 2Iyengar et al JAMA Oncol 2018; 3Wang et al JNCI 2023; 4Sun et al JCO 2024; 5Elamin et al ESMO 2025; 6Iyengar et al ASCO 2024; 7Altan et al WCLC 2026
Podium: ESMO congress MADRID SPAIN 23-27 OCTOBER 2026
[Slide 2]
ESMO congress MADRID 2026
CANCER RESEARCH UK | Cancer Trials Centre | UCL | RTTQA Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance
Primary results of SARON Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic Non-small cell lung cancer
A randomised-controlled trial of consolidation radiotherapy for synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Fiona McDonald, Nicholas Counsell, Shahreen Ahmad, Merina Ahmed, Philip Atherton, Andrew Bates, Charles Comins, John Conibear, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Kevin Franks, Gerard G. Hanna, Stephen Harrow, Matthew Hatton, Ka Man Mak, Philip Mayles, Rushil Patel, Clive Peedell, Tony Pope, Martin Forster, David Landau
Dr Fiona McDonald, Consultant Thoracic Oncologist
Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
October 2026
FPN: 2613O
British Thoracic Oncology Group (BTOG)
[Slide 3]
Trial Design: Randomised Phase II
NSCLC without driver mutation
Primary tumour (+/- nodes) suitable for radical RT or SABR
1-5 synchronous metastases in up to 3 organs* treatable by SABR / SRS
PS 0-1, PET-CT and brain CT/MRI staged
N=200 Registration -> 6-8 weeks induction systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT) -> PS 0-2, CT scan: CR/PR/SD -> N=134 R 1:1
PS >=3 or PD -> Withdrawal
Investigational arm: Max of further 4-6 weeks of induction SACT -> Conventional RT or SABR to primary tumour (+/- nodes) + SABR / SRS to metastases
Control arm: Max of further 4-6 weeks of induction SACT
Follow-up: Follow-up for 3 years or until death +/- maintenance SACT
Randomisation (R) using minimisation stratified by: histology, N-stage, number of metastases, brain metastases, SACT & recruiting site
*Brain metastases can be included if at least one extra-cranial metastasis is also present
RT = radiotherapy; SABR = stereotactic ablative radiotherapy; SRS = stereotactic radiosurgery; PS = performance status; CR = complete response; PR = partial response; SD = stable disease; PD = progressive disease
[Slide 4]
Overall Survival
SARON
mOS 28.0 months in SACT arm
mOS 31.0 months in SACT+RT arm
HR=0.99 (95%CI: 0.63-1.55), p=0.95
Time from Randomisation (Months)
# at risk (0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84)
Control: 70 | 51 | 38 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0
Investigational: 70 | 55 | 33 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival
SACT (control) | 70 | 28.0 months
SACT+RT (investigational) | 70 | 31.0 months
HR: 0.99
HR CI: 0.63-1.55
P: 0.95
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival, Fiona McDonald · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: patterns of disease progression (initial vs new sites) · 3) Slide: conclusion, Fiona McDonald
Practice changing data from the SARON study at #ESMO26 from @fifimcdrmh @royalmarsdenNHS
👏 Herculean effort, run over 10 years
🤔 Does adding radiotherapy to SACT in the immunotherapy era improve survival in synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC?
What do we know already?
✅ LCT improves outcomes in pre-immuno era & with AGA+ NSCLC
❌ More recently, no survival benefit with niv/ipi regimens (LONESTAR)
What does SARON add?
✅ Well designed, randomised, multicentre prospective study
✅ Comprehensive baseline assessments with PET and MRI
✅ Appropriate definition of OMD (1-5 sites)
✅ PFS benefit, and reduces progression at treated sites
❌ No OS benefit, and no reduction progression at new sites of disease
✅ No additional toxicity
Thoughts:
🤔 Great academic 🇬🇧 study 👏
🤔 Addresses important & relevant question
🤔 Presumably parents have more metastases than we can detect, which then progress, losing OS benefit
🤔 Patients must be informed of lack of OS benefit if LCT being considered
🤔 Is LCT appropriate if OS not improved?
(❗️LCT in AGA+ NSCLC, and LCT in metachronous OMD not answered here)
#LCSM
1) Slide: Why local therapy in advanced disease? (Gerry Hanna, radiation oncology perspective) · 2) Slide: Radiotherapy to the primary in stage IV NSCLC: suggested clinical pathway · 3) Slide: Technical recommendations for radiotherapy to the primary (Gerry Hanna) · 4) Slide: RT as local therapy in advanced lung cancer – take home messages (Gerry Hanna)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Multidisciplinary Sesssion
🔥 Optimizing use of local therapy in advanced lung cancer: Why, when, and how
🎯Radiation oncology perspective
🎙️ @gerryhanna
🔗 https://t.co/aT3Ns5hCa8
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC https://t.co/1azTLRIXi9 https://t.co/AEYgmD3Hgl
[Slide 1]
Why local therapy in advanced disease?
Patterns of failure
Residual primary and nodes are the commonest site of first progression, including on TKIs and immunotherapy
Resistant clones and reseeding
Ablating persistent disease removes drug-tolerant clones before they seed new metastases
Symptoms from the primary
Haemoptysis, obstruction, cough and pain: thoracic RT remains the most reliable palliation
Immune modulation
RT may prime anti-tumour immunity with checkpoint inhibitors (PEMBRO-RT pooled data), but be aware of the "dark side of radiotherapy"...
64%
of patients with stage IV NSCLC progressing after first-line chemotherapy failed only at sites of original disease
Rusthoven et al. Acta Oncologica, 2009; 48: 578-583
[Figure A/B: schematic of primary tumour, metastases and radiation therapy effect on reseeding; labels: Primary tumour, Metastases, Radiation therapy, (i), (ii)]
McMahon RA, et al. J Thorac Oncol 2026;21:103643
[Slide 2]
Radiotherapy to the primary in stage IV NSCLC: suggested clinical pathway
All stage IV NSCLC: PET-CT, MRI brain, NGS (incl. fusions), PD-L1, lung function; thoracic MDT discussion before systemic therapy starts
Symptomatic primary
Palliative thoracic RT at any stage of the pathway
• PS 2-4: 10 Gy/1, 17 Gy/2 or 20 Gy/5
• PS 0-1: consider 36-39 Gy/12-13. Don't delay systemic therapy
[I, A]
Synchronous oligometastatic (≤5 mets, ≤3 organs)
Systemic therapy first; restage at about 3 months
• No progression: MDT for LCT to primary, nodes and all mets. EGFR+: consider LCT on osimertinib.
• Prefer a trial (SARON-type)
[II, B]
Polymetastatic, asymptomatic primary
No routine thoracic RT outside a trial
• Offer TOURIST-PRINCE, PRIME-LUNG or PREVENT
[Trial]
Oligoprogression (≤5 sites)
SABR to progressing sites; continue current systemic therapy
• Rebiopsy or ctDNA to exclude histological transformation or new drivers first
[II, B]
[Slide 3]
Technical recommendations for radiotherapy to the primary
Dose and fractionation
• Primary + nodes: 60-66 Gy/30-33 or 55 Gy/20 (sequential)
• Peripheral N0 primary: risk-adapted SABR (e.g. 54 Gy/3, 60 Gy/8 central)
• Metastases: SABR per site; SRS for brain
Planning
• 4D-CT with PET fusion; target post-response residual disease
• Plan-sum any prior thoracic RT
• Lung V20 ≤30%, MLD ≤18-20 Gy (lower with ICI); protect PBT and oesophagus
Systemic therapy interactions
• ICI: generally continue
• Chemo: sequential, not concurrent with radical dose
• TKIs and anti-VEGF or bispecifics: usually peri-RT hold, avoid ultracentral SABR
Follow-up and governance
• Pneumonitis review at 6-12 weeks
• CT every 3 months; MRI brain per risk
• Prospective registry (e.g. OligoCare), ctDNA in research only
[Slide 4]
RT as local therapy in advanced lung cancer – take home messages
Why: Most progression arises at known sites; LCT improves PFS in selected patients, OS benefit unproven with IO
When: Consolidate after best response at about 3 months; SABR for oligoprogression; palliate symptoms at any time
Who: Patients with good PS, PET/MRI-staged, ≤5 mets, responding, safely treatable. Beware early progressors, ILD, anti-VEGF + central disease
Next: Recruit to TOURIST and await the results of SARON: they will tell us whether RT to the primary matters in the modern era
#ESMO26 Dr. @fifimcdrmh presents the SARON trial. Phase II of consolidation radiotherapy vs systemic therapy in pts with driver negative oligometastatic NSCLC after 6-8w of control with systemic therapy. Improvement in PFS with radiation 13.9 vs 8.9m but no difference in OS. https://t.co/hrnVmeH53X
Kaplan-Meier survival data: patterns of disease progression
#ESMO26 | SARON
RT improves local control and delays progression, but no survival benefit was demonstrated. There was no significant reduction in new distant metastases either. https://t.co/PaP1tQXPlX
Patterns of Disease Progression
SARON
Progression at Sites of Initial Disease
39.5% in SACT
13.0% in SACT+RT
Gray's Test p<0.001
Progression at New Sites of Disease
32.3% in SACT
36.2% in SACT+RT
Gray's Test p=0.28
Y axis: Cumulative Incidence; X axis: Time from Randomisation (Months) 0, 12, 24
# at risk (both panels)
Control: 70 | 44 | 27 | 17 | 13
Investigational: 70 | 56 | 39 | 30 | 22
1) Slide: demographics and baseline characteristics · 2) Slide: treatment details and compliance
SARON; 1-5 mets; 6-8w induction SACT; P2 study:n140; 10y recruitment; SACT used evolved to include IO but valences in arms; no difference in OS; PFS 0.64HR but no difference new sites of disease #ESMO26 @BTOGORG #LCSM
Great presentation @fifimcdrmh https://t.co/y6hzhSquQG
🚨 #ESMO26 | SARON: Better PFS, but NO overall survival benefit! @fifimcdrmh
presents the randomized phase II SAFRON trial in synchronous oligometastatic, driver-negative NSCLC.
📊 Median OS:
🔹 SACT alone: 28.0 months
🔹 SACT + consolidative RT: 31.0 months
🔹 HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.63–1.55), p=0.95
✅ Better disease control and longer PFS with RT.
❌ But NO OS benefit demonstrated!
An important reminder: improving PFS does not necessarily translate into longer survival.
Thought-provoking data challenging the routine use of consolidative RT in this setting!
#ESMOAmbassadors #ESMO26 #LungCancer #NSCLC
Conclusion
SARON
- Patients with synchronous oligometastatic AGA-negative NSCLC receiving first-line SACT achieved better control of initial disease sites and longer PFS with the addition of consolidation RT compared to SACT alone with acceptable adverse events & similar QoL
- However, this did not translate into OS benefit
Kaplan-Meier survival data: progression-free survival: SACT+RT vs SACT
🆙 #ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥SARON: Primary Results of a Randomised-Controlled Trial of Consolidation Radiotherapy for Synchronous Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
🎙️Dr. Fiona McDonald @fifimcdrmh
🔢2613O
🎯SACT+RT Improved PFS (13.9 vs 8.9m, HR 0.64, p=0.03) and 12-Mo Local Failure (13.0% vs 39.5%)
🎯No OS Benefit (31.0 vs 28.0mo, HR 0.99)
☑️NCT02417662
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
The genomes of metastasis diverge markedly from those of the primary tumor
TRACER-X LUNG STUDY AND PEACE AUTOPSY PROGRAM
• 500 longitudinally collected primary and metastatic tumor samples from 24 patients with NSCLC
• 80 % of metastases contained a subclone that was not detected in any other metastasis
• The number of subclones detected per metastasis increased with the number of metastasis regions sampled
[Figure: per-patient sampling timelines (CRUKP IDs) vs time after primary surgery (days) and body map of sample sites; small print not transcribed]
Hessey et al. Nature. May 2026
#ESMO26 Dr. Li Zhang presents PANKU-Lung01: phase III izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren, HER3:EGFR ADC) vs platinum based chemo in EGFR+ NSCLC after 3G TKI. Iza bren improved PFS: 11.1 vs 5.7m, HR 0.40! OS immature but 1y rates 83% vs 73%. High reduction/interruption rates but low discontinuation rates. Most common toxicities were hematologic in nature. Very exciting data here: ADCs here to stay. #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 2]
PFS by BICR: Primary Endpoint
Iza-bren showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement vs PBC with doubling of mPFS.
| Iza-bren (N = 216) | PBC (N = 206)
Number of events | 128 | 164
Median, mo (95% CI) | 11.1 (9.2, 12.7) | 5.7 (5.5, 5.9)
HR (95% CI) | 0.40 (0.31, 0.51)†
P-value | <0.0001*
75.1%
58.2%
46.5%
42.9%
24.4%
14.4%
Progression-free survival probability (%)
Time (Months)
Iza-bren
PBC
+ Censored
Subjects at risk
PFS (BICR) was evaluated in the mITT population. The median duration of follow-up for PFS was 14.6 months.
Similar results were observed for PFS (BICR) in the ITT population, with 129 events in the iza-bren arm and 164 events in the PBC arm. The hazard ratio (95% CI) was 0.40 (0.31, 0.51).
†Based on a stratified Cox regression model. *One-sided, based on a stratified log-rank test.
Li Zhang
Data cut off: July 15, 2026
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR (mITT)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Iza-bren | 216 | 11.1 | 9.2, 12.7
PBC (platinum-based chemotherapy) | 206 | 5.7 | 5.5, 5.9
HR: 0.40
HR CI: 0.31, 0.51
P: <0.0001 (one-sided, stratified log-rank)
6 mo: 75.1% vs 42.9%
9 mo: 58.2% vs 24.4%
12 mo: 46.5% vs 14.4%
[Slide 3]
OS: Key Secondary Endpoint
OS data was not mature for both arms. At the interim analysis, a trend of OS benefit favoring iza-bren was observed.
| Iza-bren (N = 216) | PBC (N = 206)
Number of events (death) | 64 | 82
Median OS, mo (95% CI) | NR (19.3, NR) | 19.4 (16.4, 22.5)
Median follow-up for OS, mo (95% CI) | 16.9 (15.9, 17.7) | 16.5 (15.1, 17.5)
12-mo OS rate (95% CI) | 83.0 (77.3, 87.5) | 72.9 (66.1, 78.5)
18-mo OS rate (95% CI) | 68.8 (60.9, 75.5) | 55.3 (46.8, 63.0)
More patients received subsequent anti-cancer therapy in the PBC arm, including ADCs
Percentage (%)
ADC | 2.8% | 29.1%
Targeted therapy | 25.9% | 30.1%
Immune therapy | 17.6% | 31.1%
Chemotherapy | 31.5% | 40.3%
OS was evaluated in the mITT population. The overall median duration of follow-up for OS was 16.6 months. Similar results were observed for OS in the ITT population.
Li Zhang
Data cut off: July 15, 2026
[Slide 4]
Safety Summary
| Iza-bren (N = 216) | PBC (N = 206)
TRAEs, n (%) | 216 (100) | 204 (99.0)
≥Grade 3 TRAEs, n (%) | 170 (78.7) | 128 (62.1)
Treatment-related SAEs, n (%) | 92 (42.6) | 40 (19.4)
TRAEs leading to death, n (%) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5)
TRAEs leading to treatment discontinuation, n (%) | 4 (1.9) | 4 (1.9)
TRAEs leading to dose reduction, n (%) | 130 (60.2) | 48 (23.3)
TRAEs leading to dose interruption, n (%) | 116 (53.7) | 49 (23.8)
TRAE, treatment related adverse events.
Safety data based on the safety analysis set.
TRAEs leading to death: iza-bren arm, 1 patient died due to sepsis; in pbc arm, 1 patient died due to unknown cause.
• Median (range) duration of treatment, mo:
– Iza-bren: 10.3 (0.3, 22.7)
– PBC: Pemetrexed 5.7 (0.2, 23.5); Cisplatin/Carboplatin 3.1 (0.2, 5.8)
• Median (range) number of treatment cycles:
– Iza-bren: 13 (1, 31)
– PBC: Pemetrexed 8 (1, 33); Cisplatin/Carboplatin 4 (1, 7)
• ≥Grade 3 TRAEs and treatment-related SAEs were higher in iza-bren group; the safety profile of iza-bren was manageable through standard supportive care including dose delay and dose reductions.
• The rate of treatment discontinuation due to TRAEs was low in both groups (1.9%).
Data cut off: July 15, 2026
Li Zhang
1) Response data: secondary endpoint: confirmed ORR and duration · 2) Response data: conclusions: iza-bren PFS, OS and cORR vs PBC
#ESMO26 Bispecific EGFRxHER3 targeting ADC IZA-BREN entering dynamic the #EGFR arena with the PANKU-Lung 01 trial post 3rd gen TKI:
✅ PFS 11,1 vs 5,7 m HR =0.4
✅OS NR vs 19.4 data immature
✅ ORR 60.2 vs 34.5
❌ Carbo+pem not SoC anymore , chemo+ami approved by FDA/EMA, SacTMT in FDA ( Optitrop Lung 06)
❓ How do those data compare with oncogene -driven approaches , like EGFR+MET in SAFFRON?
#ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 3]
ORR (BICR): Secondary Endpoint
Iza-bren nearly doubled cORR by BICR versus PBC with improved duration of response.
Iza-bren (N=216) | PBC (N=206)
Best overall response, n (%)
CR 1 (0.5) | 0
PR 129 (59.7) | 71 (34.5)
Non-CR/Non-PD 1 (0.5) | 2 (1.0)
SD 61 (28.2) | 102 (49.5)
PD 9 (4.2) | 25 (12.1)
NE 15 (6.9) | 6 (2.9)
Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 60.2 (53.3, 66.8) | 34.5 (28.0, 41.4)
Difference, % (95% CI) 25.6 (16.2, 34.6)
Odds ratio (95% CI) 2.9 (1.9, 4.3)
DCR, % (95% CI) 88.9 (83.9, 92.8) | 85.0 (79.3, 89.5)
In the iza-bren arm, 91.2% of patients (197/216) had tumor shrinkage and the median (range) shrinkage (%) was -46.8 (-100, -0.5); in the PBC arm, 78.6% of patients (162/206) had tumor shrinkage and the median (range) shrinkage (%) was -33.5 (-94.4, -0.5).
Iza-bren | PBC
Median DoR, mo (95% CI) 10.4 (9.2, 12.7) | 5.7 (4.4, 7.1)
HR (95% CI) 0.41 (0.29, 0.60)
Duration of response rate (%)
Time (Months)
ORR, objective response rate (confirmed); DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; CR, complete response; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease; NE, not evaluable.
Data cut off: July 15, 2026
Li Zhang
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
• Iza-bren demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS vs PBC in patients with EGFR-mutant non-squamous NSCLC after progression on a 3rd generation EGFR TKI
• At this interim analysis, OS remained immature and a trend towards OS improvement with iza-bren was observed.
• Iza-bren demonstrated an improved response rate with durable response vs. PBC.
• The safety profile of iza-bren was manageable and consistent with previous studies.
PFS by BICR
Iza-bren 11.1 mo
PBC 5.7 mo
HR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.31 - 0.51, P < 0.0001
OS
Iza-bren Not reached
PBC 19.4 mo
cORR by BICR
Iza-bren 60.2%
PBC 34.5%
Difference: 25.6%, 95% CI: 16.2 - 34.6
> These results support iza-bren as a promising new treatment option for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with EGFR TKI resistance.
> Global registrational studies in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI and in the first line setting are ongoing (IZABRIGHT-Lung01, NCT07100080; IZABRIGHT-Lung02, NCT 07680790).
Li Zhang
LBA71 - PANKU-Lung01: Randomized phase III study of izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren) in EGFR-mutant non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI
Speakers Li Zhang (Guangzhou, China)
Lecture Time 09:14 - 09:24
Authors Li Zhang (Guangzhou, China), Yunpeng Yang (Guangzhou, China), Xiangjiao Meng (Jinan, China), Zhihuang Hu (Shanghai, China), Wei Zheng (Shenyang, China), Jiuwei Cui (Changchun, China), Yongzhong Luo (Changsha, China), Lin Wu (Changsha, China), Meijuan Huang (Chengdu, China), Haipeng Xu (Fuzhou, China), Jie Hu (Shanghai, China), Yanqiu Zhao (Zhengzhou, China), Wenxiu Yao (Chengdu, China), Sa Xiao (Chengdu, China), Hai Zhu (Redmond, United States of America), Yi Zhu (Chengdu, China)
Abstract
Background
Patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC who have progressed on an EGFR TKI have limited treatment options. Iza-bren is a first-in-class bispecific antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting EGFR and HER3 conjugated to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor (Ed-04) via tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker.
Methods
Eligible pts had locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC with EGFR sensitizing mutant (exon 19 deletion or L858R), and progression on prior 3rd generation EGFR TKI. Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive iza-bren (2.5 mg/kg IV D1D8 Q3W) or platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) (pemetrexed+cisplatin/carboplatin, Q3W). The primary endpoint was PFS assessed by blind independent central review (BICR); secondary endpoint included OS. A pre-planned interim analysis served as the final analysis for PFS and the interim analysis for OS.
Results
As of data cutoff (Jul 15, 2026), 422 pts were treated (iza-bren/PBC, 216/206). Median follow-up for PFS was 14.6 vs 15.2 mo (iza-bren/PBC). mPFS by BICR was 11.14 mo (95% CI, 9.17-12.68) with iza-bren vs 5.65 mo (95% CI, 5.45-5.95) with PBC (HR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.31-0.51; p <0.0001). The OS data were immature; however, a favorable trend towards improved mOS was observed with iza-bren vs PBC (HR= 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.91). The cORR by BICR was 60.2% vs 34.5%, and the mDOR was 10.45 vs 5.68 mo. Gr≥3 TRAEs were predominantly hematologic in nature. TRAEs were manageable with standard supportive care, and only 1.9% of pts in the iza-bren group discontinued treatment due to TRAEs. ILD was uncommon with iza-bren (adjudicated ILD, two [0.9%]; one Gr 3 and one Gr 1). No new safety signals were observed.
Conclusions
Iza-bren demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS vs PBC in pts with EGFR-mutant non-squamous NSCLC after progression on a 3rd generation EGFR TKI, meeting the primary endpoint. A trend towards OS improvement was observed. The safety profile was manageable and consistent with previous studies. These results support iza-bren as a new standard of care in this population in China. A global study is ongoing (NCT07100080).
Slide: The Lancet article header: izalontamab brengitecan vs platinum-based chemotherapy
Solid tumour oncologists will now have to get used to tongue twisters like "Izalontamab Brengitecan" like heamtologists pronouncing "Axicabtagene ciloleucel"
#ESMO2026 @BalazsHalmosMD https://t.co/w19mVOup1A
THE LANCET
This journal Journals Publish Clinical Global health Multimedia Events About
ARTICLES · Online first, October 26, 2026
Izalontamab brengitecan versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer after progression on third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (PANKU-Lung01): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial in China
Shaodong Hong, MD a,* · Ting Zhou, MD a,* · Xue Hou, MD a,* · Prof Xiangjiao Meng, MD b,* · Zhihuang Hu, MD c,* · Prof Wei Zheng, MD d,* · et al. Show more
Affiliations & Notes Article Info
Mechanism of action: background: iza-bren EGFRxHER3 bispecific ADC structure and rationale
#ESMO26 | PANKU-Lung01
In this phase III trial, iza-bren, an EGFR×HER3 bispecific ADC, nearly doubled PFS compared with platinum-based chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI progression (11.1 vs 5.7 months; HR 0.40). OS remains immature, although the trend is encouraging.
Treatment options after EGFR-TKI progression are expanding rapidly, making treatment decisions increasingly complex.
Background
Iza-bren, EGFR×HER3 bispecific ADC
αEGFR
Human EGFR
Affinity: High
DAR = 8
Cat B cleavable linker
Ed-04 (top1i)
wt Fc IgG1
αHER3
Human HER3
Affinity: Low
• EGFR TKI is the standard therapy for advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC. However, most patients inevitably develop resistance1. Following disease progression on 3rd generation TKIs, platinum-based chemotherapy remains a common treatment option2. Therapeutic options with improved efficacy are still needed.
• Izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren, BL-B01D1) is a first-in-class bispecific ADC targeting EGFRxHER3 bound to a novel topo I inhibitor (Ed-04) via a cleavable linker.
• In previous phase I and II studies, iza-bren showed promising antitumor activity in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC after EGFR TKI therapy (cORR, 56.0%; mDOR, 13.7 months; mPFS, 12.5 months)3.
Here we report the interim analysis results from a randomized phase III study evaluating the efficacy and safety of iza-bren vs PBC in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC after progression on 3rd generation EGFR TKI (PANKU-Lung01).
Wt, wild type; Cat B, cathepsin B
1. Lung Cancer 194 (2024) 107895; 2. Lung Cancer 181 (2023) 107248; 3. Ann Oncol. 2026 Jun;37(6):813-824
Li Zhang
Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS by BICR (primary endpoint): iza-bren vs platinum-based
Esmo 2026 PANKU-Lung01: phase III study of izalontamab brengitecan (ADC anti EGFR and HER3) in EGFR-mutant non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI.
N=422 (iza-bren n=216; PBC n=206)
For iza-bren vs PBC mPFS: 11.1 months vs 5.7 months (HR 0.40; 95% p<0.0001) and mOS: NR vs 19.4 months (HR 0.66; p=0.0058), ORR: 60.2% vs 34.5% (OR 2.9); Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 78.7% vs 62.1%
Safety data: treatment-related adverse events in ≥20% of patients by grade, iza-bren
Iza-Bren seems to provide efficacy in pretreated EGFR-mutated NSCLC compared to pt-based chemotherapy.
Better ORR and PFS, OS still immature, safety profile not such favorable compared to chemotherapy. Interesting to see global data, optimized AEs management. Good to have more potential options available. #ESMO26 #LCSM
1) Slide: baseline demographics, iza-bren vs platinum-based chemotherapy (Li Zhang) · 2) Slide: forest plot: subgroup analysis of PFS by BICR, iza-bren vs platinum-based
PANKU-Lung01; iza-bren (bispecific EGFRxHer3 ADC; randomised P3 in common mEGFR and PD on 3rd gen; treated stable BM; n432: PFS HR 0.4: mOS NR in Ix arm but 19m in control; lots of dose adjustments ; ILD 0.9%. This looks like a new SOC I’d like to use in clinic. #ESMO26 https://t.co/GOS1jS7dev
Slide: title slide on ESMO 2026 main stage screen with presenter Li Zhang at podium
#ESMO26 Landmark Phase III PANKU-Lung01 presentation by Dr. Li Zhang (Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center):
🧬 Drug: Izalontamab Brengitecan (iza-bren, BL-B01D1) — bispecific EGFR×HER3 Topo-I ADC
👥 Population: EGFRm NSCLC progressing on 3rd-gen EGFR TKI (N=432)
📊 Primary & Secondary Endpoints:
• mPFS (BICR): 11.1 mo vs 5.7 mo | HR 0.40 (95% CI 0.31-0.51), p<0.0001
• cORR: 60.2% vs 34.5% | mDoR: 10.4 mo vs 5.7 mo
• OS: Immature, 18-mo OS rate 68.8% vs 55.3%
• Safety: Hematologic AEs manageable with standard care; ILD rate 0.9%
Dr. Zhang's presentation highlights iza-bren as a transformative targeted strategy for post-TKI EGFRm NSCLC!
#LCAD #NSCLC #OncoX #ESMO26
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
PANKU-Lung01: Randomized Phase III Study of Izalontamab Brengitecan (iza-bren) vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy (PBC) in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non-squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Progression on a Third-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI)
Li Zhang, Yunpeng Yang, Xiangjiao Meng, Zhihuang Hu, Wei Zheng, Juwei Cui, Yongsheng Luo, Lin Wu, Meijuan Huang, Haipeng Xu, Jie Hu, Yanqiu Zhao, Wenxiu Yao, Sa Xiao, Hai Zhu, Yi Zhu
Presented by
Li Zhang, MD
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
26 October 2026
1) Trial design schema: study design: investigator-initiated multicenter phase 2 · 2) Slide: patient disposition and liquid biopsy results · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: progression-free survival: PFS1 from chemo and PFS0
#ESMO26 Dr. Martin Sebastian presents PACE-LUNG: phase II study of osimertinib monotherapy for EGFR NSCLC with ctDNA at 3w and if positive, add 4 cycles of chemotherapy. 72/255 were ctDNA positive at 3w. mPFS 17.8m and OS 31.5m from start of osi - no comparator but encouraging. https://t.co/6VbL02UEJ5
[Slide 2]
PACE-LUNG: investigator-initiated, multicenter, phase 2 study
Pre-screening eligibility criteria
• Stage IIIB-IV NSCLC
• EGFR L858R or exon 19 deletion (EGFRm; local test)
• Osimertinib monotherapy planned or started within 3 weeks of enrollment
• No history of leptomeningeal disease
Screening eligibility criteria
• Liquid biopsy positivity (ctDNA positivity) after 3-4 weeks of osimertinib, defined as any EGFRm VAF >0% of cell-free DNA (Guardant 360®)
• Received osimertinib for no longer than 10 weeks
• Asymptomatic CNS metastases allowed
• No disease progression
• ECOG PS 0-2
Endpoints
• Primary: PFS1 from start of chemo per RECIST 1.1
• Secondary: PFS0 from start of osimertinib, OS1, OS0, ORR1, ORR0, safety and tolerability (CTCAE 5.0), quality of life
N = 400 patients expected to pre-screen
N = 50 patients
Osimertinib 80 mg QD → Osimertinib 80 mg QD → Osimertinib 80 mg QD + 4 cycles of platinum-pemetrexed(a) → Osimertinib 80 mg QD
Optional liquid biopsy | Liquid biopsy after 21-28 days | ctDNA EGFRm positivity | Optional liquid biopsy | No pemetrexed maintenance
Pre-Screening | Screening | Study treatment | Maintenance / follow-up
3-4 weeks
10 weeks max.
(a) investigator choice of cisplatin 75 mg/m² or carboplatin AUC 5 mg/mL/min, in combination with pemetrexed 500 mg/m². Pemetrexed maintenance not allowed;
ctDNA denotes circulating tumor DNA, OS overall survival, ORR objective response rate, PFS progression-free survival, RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, VAF variant allele frequency
[Slide 3]
Patient disposition and liquid biopsy results
➢ Between 11-2021 and 08-2025, 255 patients were screened at 16 sites in Germany. Thereof, 50 patients were included in the trial.
Patient disposition
255 patients entered pre-screening
→ LB2 negative (n=159); LB2 missing/NE(a) (n=24)
72 patients with week 3 ctDNA positivity (LB2)
→ Eligibility criteria (n=10), withdrawal of consent (n=7), progression (n=2), death (n=3)
50 patients included in PACE-LUNG trial (ITT)
50 patients started osimertinib-chemotherapy
45 patients completed 4 cycles of chemotherapy
27 patients alive at data cut-off August 24th 2026
Liquid biopsy results [Sankey diagram]
LB1 pre-osimertinib: Missing/NE 91; Negative 32; Positive 132
LB2 osimertinib week 3: 24 (missing/NE); 159 (negative); 72 (positive)
Flow values shown: 3, 7, 14, 59, 25, 75, 29, 43
➢ In patients with evaluable LB1 and LB2, no patient with LB1-negativity had a positive LB2
➢ Among LB2-evaluable patients, 31% were ctDNA positive after 3-4 weeks of osimertinib monotherapy
(a) includes cases where LB2 sampling was performed too early/late (n=4), did not occur due to eligibility criteria (n=4), withdrawal of consent (n=3), and death (n=2)
ITT denotes intention-to-treat, LB liquid biopsy, NE not evaluable
[Slide 4]
Progression-free survival
PFS1 from start of chemotherapy
Median PFS1 (95% CI): 16.3 (10.8-18.9) | PFS1 at 12 months: 58% (43-72) | PFS1 at 24 months: 22% (9-35)
+ Censored
x-axis: Months from start of chemotherapy
At Risk (0, 10, 20, 30, 40): 50 33 12 3 0
Median follow-up, 30.0 months (95% CI, 22.3-NC)
PFS0 from start of osimertinib
Median PFS0 (95% CI): 17.8 (13.1-20.5) | PFS0 at 12 months: 74% (61-87) | PFS0 at 24 months: 31% (16-45)
+ Censored
x-axis: Months from start of osimertinib
At Risk (0, 10, 20, 30, 40): 50 39 14 5 0
Median follow-up, 31.5 months (95% CI, 24.4-NC)
CI denotes confidence interval, NC not calculable, PFS progression-free survival.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (single-arm): PFS1 from start of chemotherapy and PFS0 from start of osimertinib
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
PFS1 (from start of chemotherapy), osimertinib + platinum-pemetrexed | 50 | 16.3 mo | 10.8-18.9
PFS0 (from start of osimertinib), osimertinib + platinum-pemetrexed | 50 | 17.8 mo | 13.1-20.5
Landmark rates:
12 mo: PFS1 58% (CI 43-72) | PFS0 74% (CI 61-87)
24 mo: PFS1 22% (CI 9-35) | PFS0 31% (CI 16-45)
Slide: LBA73 abstract (ESMO 2026) - Martin Sebastian
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral I: #LCSM Mets
🔥PACE-LUNG (AIO-TRK-0422/ass): A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase II Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of Additional Chemotherapy for Patients With EGFRm NSCLC With the Continued Presence of Plasma ctDNA EGFRm at Week 3 After Start of Osimertinib First-Line Treatment
🎙️Dr. Martin Sebastian
🔢LBA73
🎯ctDNA-Guided Treatment Intensification Feasible
🎯mPFS 16.3mo From Start of Chemo ( 29% of Screened Pts Had Persistent ctDNA)
🎯mOS 29.2mo, 24-Mo OS 65.4%
☑️NCT05281406
🔗 https://t.co/E2MIRGnkpb
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
LBA73 - PACE-LUNG: A multicenter, single-arm, phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of additional chemotherapy for patients with EGFRm NSCLC with the continued presence of plasma ctDNA EGFRm at week 3 after start of osimertinib first-line treatment (AIO-TRK-0422/ass)
Speakers Martin Sebastian (Frankfurt am Main, Germany)
Lecture Time 08:30 - 08:35
Abstract
Background
In patients (pts) with common EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), persisting EGFRm positivity in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after 3 weeks on osimertinib is associated with an unfavorable outcome with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11.3 months (mo) (FLAURA). Recently, the addition of chemotherapy (CTx) to osimertinib has significantly improved PFS and overall survival (OS) with added toxicity compared with osimertinib alone. As no predictive biomarker is available for treatment stratification in these pts, PACE-LUNG aims to explore feasibility and clinical utility of a biomarker-guided treatment intensification strategy in pts with EGFRm NSCLC.
Methods
PACE-LUNG is an academic multicenter, single-arm, investigator-initiated phase II trial. Pts with untreated advanced/metastatic NSCLC and persistent ctDNA EGFRm by Guardant360® after 3 weeks osimertinib monotherapy received treatment escalation with 4 cycles of additional CTx, followed by osimertinib maintenance. Primary endpoint is investigator-assessed PFS1 per RECIST 1.1 from start of CTx. Secondary endpoints include PFS0, measured from start of osimertinib, OS1, safety, and others.
Results
Between Jan 2022 and Sep 2025, 255 pts were screened; 74 (29%) had persistent ctDNA EGFRm after 3 weeks of osimertinib. Thereof, 50 pts received additional CTx. Median age was 63 yrs (range, 39-85), ECOG PS was 0 or 1 (94%) at CTx initiation. Median PFS1 was 16.3 mo (95% CI, 10.8-18.9) with 57.8% (42.0-70.6) and 21.7% (10.2-36.1) of pts progression-free and alive at 12 and 24 mo after start of CTx, respectively. Median PFS0 was 17.8 mo (12.9 – 20.5). Median OS1 was 29.2 mo (95% CI, 23.2-42.4) with 87.4%(74.1-94.2) and 65.4% (48.0-78.2) of pts alive at 12 and 24 mo, respectively. No new safety signals were observed.
Conclusions
PACE-LUNG demonstrates that ctDNA-guided treatment intensification is feasible and results in a PFS that compares favorably with historical data. This approach should be used in future trials to enable personalized therapy in pts with EGFRm NSCLC.
1) Slide: Therapeutic landscape of first-line treatments for EGFR-mut NSCLC · 2) Biomarker data: Combining FL2 and results (Xiuning Le discussant slide) · 3) Slide: Primary Endpoint: Grade ≥2 Dermatology AEIs by Week 12
#ESMO26 Dr. @LeXiuning discusses rapid oral abstracts on EGFR mutant NSCLC, surveying current landscape and refinement - can ctDNA be used to escalate care? Can we streamline supportive measures to reduce EGFR-related toxicity? #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/IDemZ4HMjf
[Slide 2]
Therapeutic landscape of first-line treatments for EGFR-mut NSCLC
2018 | Overall | Ex19Del | L858R
Osimertinib | 18.9 m | 21.4 m | 14.4 m
Lazertinib | 20.6 m | 20.7 m | 17.8 m
Firmonertinib | 20.8 m | 21.1 m | 17.1 m
2026
FLAURA2 | 25.5 m | 27.9 m | 24.7 m
MARIPOSA | 23.7 m | NR | 18.4 m
RAMOSE | 24.8 m | 25.8 m | 20.5 m
NORTHSTAR | 25.3 m | 39.8 m | 19.0 m
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
[Slide 3]
Combining FL2 and PACE-LUNG results
Baseline Un-detectable ctDNA EGFR 20% total pts
PFS osimertinib 30 mons => Osimertinib monotherapy patients adding chemo – PFS 33 mon
Start with FL2 osi-chemo upfront no selection => median PFS 24.8 months
Baseline Detectable ctDNA EGFR 80% total pts
Start with osi mono
64% Total pts -> ctDNA cleared at 3 wks => Continue osi mono PFS 15.2 months
16% Total pts -> ctDNA NOT cleared at 3 wks => FLAME Lung Osimertinib mono-only PFS 12.7 months
FL2 AACR ctDNA 2025
baseline non-detected plasma EGFRm
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + CTx (n=65) 33.3 (23.8, NC)
Osimertinib mono (n=48) 30.3 (25.0, NC)
baseline-detected plasma EGFRm
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + CTx (n=147) 24.8 (19.6, 27.9)
Osimertinib mono (n=161) 13.9 (13.6, 16.6) [partially obscured]
HR (95% CI) 0.60 (0.45, 0.80)
FL2 ESMO ctDNA 2026
| Clearance | No clearance
mPFS (95% CI), months
Osi + plat–pem | 27.6 (21.0, NR) | 19.6 (10.1, NR)
Osi mono | 15.2 (13.6, 19.3) | 11.1 (5.6, 16.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.51 (0.35, 0.75) | 0.62 (0.33, 1.14)
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
[Slide 4]
Primary Endpoint: Grade ≥2 Dermatology AEIs by Week 12
Main COCOON study(1)
OR, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.13–0.45) P<0.0001
SoC DM (n=100): 75% (68% Grade 2; 7% Grade >2)
COCOON DM (n=99): 42% (36% Grade 2; 6% Grade >2)
ORR 71% vs 70%
SC amivantamab + simplified dermatologic prophylaxis(a)
OR, 0.31 (95% CI, 0.11–0.87) Nominal P=0.0264
Standard schedule (n=70): 39% (36% Grade 2; 3% Grade >2)
Laz lead-in (n=34): 18%
FL2 rash 1% G3 28% All G
Legend: Grade 2; Grade >2
Participants (%)
• Dermatologic prophylaxis has previously shown significant reductions in DAEIs by Week 12(1)
• Simplified prophylaxis demonstrated a similar reduction in DAEIs as the full COCOON DM regimen(b)
• Lazertinib lead-in prior to starting amivantamab + lazertinib at Cycle 2 further reduced early DAEIs
▪ An exploratory analysis of Week 16 data showed consistent findings (standard schedule, 50% [4% grade ≥3]; laz lead-in, 24% [none grade ≥3])
(a)All 104 participants had the opportunity to receive treatment for 12 weeks; however, some discontinued prior to Week 12.
(b)In a preliminary analysis, investigator-assessed overall response rates were consistent with the COCOON DM cohort.
DAEI, dermatologic adverse event of interest; DM, dermatologic management; laz, lazertinib; OR, odds ratio; SoC, standard of care.
1. Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517–1530.
Scan the QR code. Copies of this slide deck obtained through this QR code are for personal use only and may not be reproduced without permission of the authors.
ctDNA with 1L EGFRmut regimens
❓what does it tell us
❓what does it add
We already know:
🔸EGFR ctDNA +ve @ baseline = poorer prognosis
🔸 Clearing EGFR ctDNA with treatment = better prognosis
🔸 EGFR ctDNA -ve @ baseline = no additional benefit of chemo/osi or ami/laz over osi alone
PACE-Lung:
🔹ctDNA +ve at baseline
🔹If also ctDNA after 4wks on Osi, add chemo (x4 cycles)
🔹 mPFS = 17.8m [similar to FL2]
FLAURA-2:
🔹 Focus on ctDNA +ve at baseline popn
🔹Osi+chemo improves OS & PFS irrespective of ctDNA clearance
🔹ctDNA +ve at baseline is prognostic, not predictive
What do we know now?
🤔 If EGFR ctDNA -ve at baseline (20% popn), prognosis is better, and adding chemotherapy to osimertinib, or using ami/laz instead of osimertinib add little (no) benefit
🤔 If EGFR ctDNA +ve at baseline (80% popn), prognosis is worse. However, clearance or not of ctDNA does not help us refine treatments
🤔 If EGFR ctDNA +ve at baseline, osi+chemo or ami/laz is better than Osimertinib alone
Brilliant discussion by @LeXiuning
👏
#ESMO26 #LCSM
[Slide 1]
Discussion
➢ PACE-LUNG demonstrates that ctDNA-guided treatment intensification is feasible and results in outcomes that compare favorably with historical data
➢ PACE-LUNG: mPFS0, 17.8 months (95% CI, 13.1-20.5)
➢ FLAURA: mPFS, 11.3 months (95% CI, 9.5-16.5), in the osimertinib / week 3 ctDNA+ cohort(1)
➢ FLAURA2: mPFS, 11.1 months (95% CI, 5.6-16.5), in the osimertinib without chemo / week 3 ctDNA+ cohort(2)
➢ The safety profile was consistent with previous findings
➢ Recently, upfront combination therapies have demonstrated superior outcomes in biomarker-unselected patients with EGFRm, advanced or metastatic NSCLC(3-5)
➢ In light of these studies, PACE-LUNG calls into question the putative predictive role of ctDNA EGFRm alone as biomarker for guiding treatment escalation in this setting
➢ Pending analyses of co-mutational data of PACE-LUNG may help to inform future ctDNA-based treatment strategies
➢ Ultimately, this may be an important step in further personalizing the treatment of patients with EGFRm NSCLC
1. Zhou et al. ASCO 2019, 2. Jänne et al. AACR 2024, 3. Jänne et al. NEJM 2025, 4. Yang et al. NEJM 2025, 5. Li et al. Lancet Oncology 2026
Martin Sebastian
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
• On-treatment plasma EGFRm clearance was prognostic, but not predictive of PFS or OS benefit with osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed at all timepoints using a single-gene assay
• Plasma EGFRm clearance rates were comparable across treatment arms at each timepoint
• Studies using ultra-sensitive multi-marker ctDNA assays are planned to investigate if early ctDNA dynamics beyond plasma EGFRm can serve as a predictive biomarker
Efficacy of osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed was superior to osimertinib monotherapy regardless of plasma EGFRm clearance status, reinforcing osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed as a preferred first-line treatment option for EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC
ctDNA, circulating tumour DNA; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival
David Planchard, MD, PhD
Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival: OS1 from chemo and OS0 from osimertinib
PACE-Lug:
Dynamic addition of CT in EGFRm NSCLC without ctDNA clearance after 3 weeks of Osi.
However, why at 3 weeks?, at 6 weeks can have new clearance. Despite intensification is feasible and may rescue pts, only 50 pts and not compared with CT+Osi upfront #ESMO26 https://t.co/mxUPW3l7tM
1) Slide: Combining FL2 and results (discussant Xiuning Le, MD Anderson) · 2) Biomarker data: Take home message - ctDNA in EGFRm NSCLC (discussant Xiuning Le)
Very thoughtful discussion by @LeXiuning on the potential integration of baseline and clearance of ctDNA in the strategy of EGFRm NSCLC. @myESMO @OncoAlert #ESMO2026 https://t.co/RjvCTOy40N
[Slide 1]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Combining FL2 and PACE-LUNG results
Baseline Un-detectable ctDNA EGFR 20% total pts: PFS osimertinib 30 mons => Osimertinib monotherapy patients adding chemo - PFS 33 mon
Baseline Detectable ctDNA EGFR 80% total pts:
Start with FL2 osi-chemo upfront no selection => median PFS 24.8 months
Start with osi mono
64% Total pts: ctDNA cleared at 3 wks => Continue osi mono [red-highlighted value: PFS [illegible] months]
16% Total pts: ctDNA NOT cleared at 3 wks
FLAME-lung Osimertinib mono-only PFS 12.7 months
PACE-Lung osi+chemo PFS 17.8 months
FLAME-Lung Osi+cheomo PFS 23.1 months
FL2 AACR ctDNA 2025
baseline non-detected plasma EGFRm
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + CTx (n=65[?]) 33.3 (23.8, NC)
Osimertinib mono (n=[illegible]) 30.3 (25.0, NC)
baseline-detected plasma EGFRm
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + CTx (n=147[?]) 24.8 (19.6, 27.9)
Osimertinib mono (n=[illegible]) [illegible]
HR (95% CI) [illegible - approx. 0.60 (0.45, 0.80)]
FL2 ESMO ctDNA 2026
mPFS (95% CI), months | Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat-pem | 27.6 (21.0, NR) | 19.6 (10.1, NR)
Osi mono | [red-highlighted, illegible] | 11.1 (5.6, 16.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.51 (0.35, 0.75) | 0.62 (0.33, 1.14)
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 2]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Take home message
[Non-detectable]
• For patients with baseline non-detectable ctDNA, the prognosis is good, there might be an option for osimertinib monotherapy. Median PFS 30 month
[Detectable]
• For patients started on osimertinib monotherapy, but without ctDNA clearance of EGFRm at 3-4 weeks, the addition of platinum-chemotherapy is indicated. Median PFS 17.8 month
• For patients who had a clearance of ctDNA EGFRm, the magnitude of benefit of osi-chemo is large, with 12 months absolute improvement of PFS, HR 0.51.
• Therefore, all eligible patients should start with osi-chemo because on treatment ctDNA EGFRm clearance was NOT predictive of benefit with osi+chemo vs. osimertinib monotherapy. Median PFS 24 month
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival Kaplan-Meier curves, OS1 and OS0
PACE-LUNG #ESMO26
ctDNA-guided treatment intensification in EGFR-mutant NSCLC: Early molecular response as a guide to adaptive therapy 🫁
#LungCancer @OncoAlert #LCSM https://t.co/VPeBO6ig5C
Thoughtful trial: PACE-LUNG demonstrates that ctDNA-guided treatment intensification is feasible and results in a 17.8 m PFS that compares favorably with historical studies. @myESMO #ESMO2026 @OncoAlert https://t.co/XEcwq2DtIs
For reference: on the presented slides, 17.8 months is median PFS from the start of osimertinib (PFS0, a secondary endpoint); the primary endpoint, PFS from the start of chemotherapy (PFS1), was 16.3 months (10.8-18.9) (PACE-LUNG, ESMO 2026).
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Progression-free survival
PFS1 from start of chemotherapy
Median PFS1 (95% CI): 16.3 (10.8-18.9) | PFS1 at 12 months: 58% (43-72) | PFS1 at 24 months: 22% (9-35)
[x-axis: Months from start of chemotherapy, 0-40; At Risk row illegible]
Median follow-up, 30.0 months (95% CI, 22.3-NC)
PFS0 from start of osimertinib
Median PFS0 (95% CI): 17.8 (13.1-20.5) | PFS0 at 12 months: 74% (61-87) | PFS0 at 24 months: 31% (16-45)
[x-axis: Months from start of osimertinib, 0-40; At Risk row illegible]
Median follow-up, 31.5 months (95% CI, 24.4-NC)
CI denotes confidence interval, NC not calculable, PFS progression-free survival.
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS1 (from start of chemotherapy, primary) and PFS0 (from start of osimertinib) — single-arm
PFS1 (osimertinib + platinum-pemetrexed, from chemo start) | 16.3 | 10.8-18.9
PFS0 (from osimertinib start) | 17.8 | 13.1-20.5
Landmark rates:
12 mo: PFS1 58% (CI 43-72) | PFS0 74% (CI 61-87)
24 mo: PFS1 22% (CI 9-35) | PFS0 31% (CI 16-45)
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS per BICR survival curve: ruzaltatug rezetecan · 2) Response data: tumor response per BICR: ORR, DCR and duration of response · 3) Safety data: safety summary and common treatment-related adverse events
#ESMO26 Dr. Chongrui Xu presents phase III HERON-Lung01 trial: ruzaltatug rezetecan (HER3 ADC) vs platinum chemo in EGFR NSCLC post TKI. ADC superior: PFS 8.3 vs 5.4m, HR 0.47 with OS trend (HR 0.70, ns) despite crossover. RR 60% vs 34% Low rates of discontinuation, ILD rate 2.4% and most toxicity hematologic. #ESMOAmbassadors
LBA72 - Ruzaltatug rezetecan, a HER3-directed ADC, vs platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC progressing after EGFR-TKI: Interim analyses (IA) from the phase 3 HERON-Lung01 trial
Speakers Chongrui Xu (Guangzhou, China)
Lecture Time 09:24 - 09:34
Authors Yi-Long Wu (Guangzhou, China), Chongrui Xu (Guangzhou, China), Yan Zhang (Chengdu, China), Guinan Lin (Wuxi, China), Haiyong Wang (Jinan, China), Qiming Wang (Zhengzhou, China), Dingzhi Huang (Tianjin, China), Yan Yu (Harbin, China), Zhou Jin (Chengdu, China), Hua Zhong (Shanghai, China), Lin Wu (Changsha, China), Lingxiang Liu (Nanjing, China), Jianchun Duan (Beijing, China), Zhiyi He (Nanning, China), Yongzhong Luo (Changsha, China), Hongxu Liu (Shenyang, China), Bi Chen (Xuzhou, China), Jingyu Zhang (Shanghai, China), Fei Qiu (Beijing, China), Lulu Yang (Shanghai, China)
Abstract
Background
Ruzaltatug rezetecan (SHR-A2009) is a novel ADC composed of a fully human anti-HER3 IgG1 mAb, cleavable peptide linker and DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. In a previous phase 1 trial, SHR-A2009 showed promising antitumor activity and manageable safety in pretreated EGFR-mutated NSCLC, supporting pivotal investigation.
Methods
In this phase 3 study, patients (pts) with EGFR-mutated (Ex19del/L858R) advanced nonsquamous NSCLC progressing after EGFR–TKI were randomized 1:1 to receive SHR-A2009 (8 mg/kg, IV, Q3W) or PBC (pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 + carboplatin AUC 5 or cisplatin 75 mg/m2 Q3W for 4 cycles, followed by maintenance pemetrexed). Crossover to SHR-A2009 from PBC arm was allowed after disease progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) per blinded independent central review (BICR).
Results
A total of 498 pts were randomized (SHR-A2009, n=250; PBC, n=248). At the prespecified PFS IA (data cutoff, Apr. 15, 2026), median follow-up was 7.7 mo. BICR-assessed PFS was significantly longer with SHR-A2009 vs PBC (median, 8.3 vs 5.4 mo; HR 0.47 [95% CI 0.36–0.60]; 1-sided P <0.0001). PFS benefits persisted across all prespecified subgroups, regardless of presence of brain metastases or EGFR mutation type. Overall survival was immature but favored SHR-A2009 (HR 0.70; 95% CI, 0.43–1.14), despite substantial post-progression crossover (19.4%) from PBC arm. Objective response rate (60.0% vs 34.3%), disease control rate (92.8% vs 83.1%) and median duration of response (8.5 vs 4.4 mo) per BICR were also improved with SHR-A2009. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 40.7% with SHR-A2009 vs 38.9% with PBC, most commonly decreased neutrophil count (25.8% vs 19.2%), decreased WBC count (11.7% vs 12.1%) and anaemia (6.0% vs 10.9%). Interstitial lung disease occurred in 6 pts (2.4%; grade 1–2, n=5; grade 3, n=1) with SHR-A2009. TRAEs led to dose discontinuation in 1.2% with SHR-A2009 and 1.3% with PBC.
Conclusions
SHR-A2009 significantly improved PFS vs PBC, with a manageable safety profile, supporting it as a new standard-of-care option for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC progressing after EGFR-TKI.
1) Slide: Resistance mechanisms of ROS1 (Dr. Calvo de Juan) · 2) Slide: WHEN? Three oligometastatic situations (Dr. Calvo de Juan) · 3) Slide: WHEN? Targeted therapy + local ablative therapy trials table · 4) Slide: Take home messages - local therapy in advanced lung cancer, medical oncology
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Multidisciplinary Sesssion
🔥 Optimizing use of local therapy in advanced lung cancer: Why, when, and how
🎯Medical oncology perspective
🎙️ @VirginiaCalvo6
🔗 https://t.co/aT3Ns5hCa8
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC https://t.co/tWwa8qklZM https://t.co/AEYgmD3Hgl
[Slide 1]
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF ROS1
Primary resistance mechanisms
①Specific mutations in kinase domain: ROS1 L1951R, ALK L1196M
②Compound mutations: ALK L1196M and G1202R
③Concurrent mutations: ALK, MET amplification
④Histological phenotype transition: Primary resistance to TKI
Secondary resistance mechanisms
ROS1:
①Bypass pathway activation: KRAS, NRAS, EGFR, HER2, BRAF V600E, MET, KIT, PIK3CA activation; KRAS and MET amplification; NF1 loss-of-function mutation
②Secondary resistance mutations in the kinase domain: Crizotinib: G2032R, D2033N, L2026M, L1951R, S1986F/Y, L2155S; Entrectinib: F2004C/I, G2023R; Lorlatinib: G2032K/R, S1986F, L2000V, L2086F
③Downstream signaling pathway activation
④Histological phenotype transition: AD -> SCLC
ALK:
①Bypass pathway activation: FGFR2, PIK3CA, MET, EGFR, KRAS, NARS, HER, BRAF, SRC, YAP and IGF-1R activation; RET and NRG1 fusion; MET and KIT amplification; MET hyperactivation; NF1 and NF2 mutations
②ALK amplification and secondary resistance mutations in the kinase domain: Crizotinib: L1196M, G1269A, C1156Y, G1202R, I1171T/N/S, E1210K, S1206C/Y, L1152P/R, V1180L, L1151T, F1174C, 1151Tins; Ceritinib, alectinib, and brigatinib: G1202R, F1174C/L, I1151Tins, L1152P/R, C1156Y/T, I1171N/T/S, V1180L, G1202del, L1196M, E1210K, S1206C/Y, D1203N; Lorlatinib: L1198F, G2023R, D1203N, G1123D, L1256F
④Histological phenotype transition: SCLC, SCC, SC, EMT phenotype, NEC
Pathway nodes: PI3K -> AKT -> mTOR; RAS -> RAF -> MEK -> ERK; JAK -> STAT3; SRC
○ Secondary mutations in the ROS1 kinase domain
• G2032R is the most common solvent front mutation identified in tumors with acquired resistance to ROS1 TKIs.
• Other common secondary on-target resistance mutations:
• Crizotinib: G2032R, D2033N, L2026M, L1951R, S1986F/Y, and L2155S
• Entrectinib: F2004C/I and G2023R
• Lorlatinib: G2032K/R, S1986F, L2000V, and L2086F.
○ Bypass signaling pathway activation via activation of KRAS, NRAS, EGFR, HER2, BRAF V600E, MET, KIT, and PIK3CA; amplification of KRAS and MET; and loss-of-function mutations in NF1, rendering cells resistant to ROS1 inhibition.
○ SCLC transformation is another mechanism of acquired resistance to ROS1 TKIs.
Drilon A, et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021;18(1):35-55; Li C, et al. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2026 Oct 19;11(1):454
Dr. Calvo de Juan, MD, PhD
[Slide 2]
WHEN?
Three different situations
SYNCHRONOUS OLIGOMETASTATIC DISEASE
• Limited metastatic disease at diagnosis
• Can local treatment after initial systemic therapy improves long-term disease control?
OLIGOPERSISTENT DISEASE / OLIGORESIDUAL DISEASE
• Limited number of residual lesions after systemic response
• Does treating residual macroscopic disease add benefit beyond continuing effective systemic treatment?
OLIGOPROGRESSIVE DISEASE / OLIGORECURRENT DISEASE
• A small number of lesions progress while the rest remains controlled
• Can local ablation control resistant sites and delay changing the systemic treatment?
[small body-diagram illustrations, labels illegible]
Dr. Calvo de Juan, MD, PhD
[Slide 3]
WHEN?
Targeted therapy + local ablative therapy
Trial | N | Max met sites | Treatment | Outcomes
SINDAS, Wang XS 2023 (1), Ph 3 RCT | 133, EGFRm | ≤5, ≤2 per organ; Brain metastases excluded | 1st-gen EGFR TKI (erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib) ± upfront SBRT (25-40Gy in 5 fractions) to all sites (including primary tumor) | POSITIVE; mPFS 20.2 vs 12.5 months (p<0.001); mOS 25.5 vs 17.4 months (p<0.001)
NROG-002, Sun H 2025 (2), Ph 3 RCT | 118, EGFRm | No lesion limit; ≤3 organs | 1st-gen EGFR TKI ± concurrent thoracic RT (60 Gy) | POSITIVE; mPFS 17.1 vs 10.6 months; mOS 34.4 vs. 26.2 moths
LUNG-SORT, Zhou Y 2024 (3), Ph 2 single-arm | 61, EGFRm | ≤5; ≤3 organs | 3rd-gen EGFR TKI (median 3.7 months, range 1-6) then consolidative SRT to all residual sites | mPFS 29.9 months; 1-yr PFS 91.6%; 2-yr PFS 53.4%
NCT03667820, Sampath 2025 (4), Ph 2 single-arm | 42, EGFRm | No limit | Osimertinib 80mg daily + consolidative RT, primarily stereotactic RT at best response (8–10 weeks) | mPFS 32.6 months; mOS 45.7 months
NORTHSTAR, Elamin YY 2025 (5), Ph 2 randomized | 119, EGFRm | No limit (~60% polymetastatic) | Induction osimertinib 6-12 weeks -> R 1:1: osimertinib + LCT (RT 59%, surgery 29%, both 12%); vs osimertinib alone | POSITIVE; mPFS 25.3 vs 17.5 months (p=0.025); Polymetastatic: 20.7 vs 15.9 (HR 0.73)
BRIGHTSTAR, Elamin YY 2025 (6), Ph 2 single-arm | 34, ALK | No limit (82% polymetastatic, 41% BM) | Brigatinib induction 8 weeks -> LCT (RT 79%, surgery 9%) -> continued brigatinib | POSITIVE; mPFS 66 months; 5-yr PFS 51% (vs historical brigatinib mPFS 29 months)
(1) Wang XS, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023 Jun 8;115(6):742-8; (2) Sun H, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2025 Feb;43(4):412-21; (3) Zhou Y, et al. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Sep 26;76:102853; (4) Sampath S, et al. EClinicalMedicine. 2025 Aug 26;87:103435; (5) Elamin YY, et al. Ann Oncol. 2025;36(Suppl 2):LBA72 (ESMO 2025); (6) Elamin YY, et al. J Thorac Oncol.2025;20(Suppl 1):S23–S24 (WCLC 2025)
Dr. Calvo de Juan, MD, PhD
[Slide 4]
TAKE HOME MESSAGES
• Our challenge is not to treat as many lesions as possible...
• ...it is to identify the right patient, at the right time, with a clear therapeutic objective
• Oligometastasis and oligoprogression are different clinical problems
• Local therapy is a strategy, not a default
– It depend on the clinical scenario, disease biology and therapeutic objective
• Medical oncologist defines the clinical objective...
• ...the multidisciplinary team determines how best to achieve it
– Integrate local and systemic treatment around the expected benefit for the individual patients
Dr. Calvo de Juan, MD, PhD
Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival curve: ruzaltatug rezetecan vs chemotherapy
C Xu: HERON Ph3 trial using HER3 ADC. Crossover permitted for this study. Also no TKI continuation. Another ADC meets it’s primary endpoint in EGFRm NSCLC. No biomarker data presented. Access will be key. #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/VUCh0wGaG3
1) Slide: baseline characteristics: ruzaltatug rezetecan vs chemo · 2) Slide: PFS per BICR subgroup forest plot: ruzaltatug rezetecan vs chemo
HERON-lung01; Ruzaltatug rezetecan (will we call this Ruiz-Rez is my overriding thought?) in common mEGFR; n498; mPFS HR 0.47 -3m longer ; mDOR 8.5m ; tolerability looks somewhat more palatable than izabren? #ESMO26 https://t.co/Zmmy9YuuiN
Excited to see the phase 3 HERON-Lung01 trial results presented at #ESMO2026 by Dr. Chong-Rui Xu (lead author Prof. Yi-Long Wu)! 🧬✨
Ruzaltatug rozetecan (SHR-A2009)—a novel HER3-directed ADC—shows significant PFS improvement vs platinum-based chemo in EGFRm NSCLC after TKI progression:
📊 Key Highlights:
• mPFS: 8.3 mo vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.47 [95% CI 0.36–0.60], p < 0.0001)
• ORR: 60.0% vs 34.3%
• OS Trend: Favors ruzaltatug rezetecan (HR 0.70) despite chemo crossover
• Safety: Differentiated & manageable safety profile with low ILD rates (2.4%)
Positioning ruzaltatug rezetecan as a strong potential new standard of care in EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC! 👏
#OncoTwitter #LungCancer #NSCLC #Oncology #MedicalResearch #ESMO2026
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: primary endpoint: PFS by BICR · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS per BICR: ruzaltatug
Evolving mEGFR 2+ L therapy
Two trials, two differents ADCs 🇨🇳
Izalontamab-brengitecan bi-specific (HER3xEGFR), DAR 8
Ruzaltatug-rezetecan (HER3), DAR 4
Strong signals in PFS
@myESMO #ESMO26 https://t.co/v6XUets1PK
[Slide 1]
08:30 - 10:00 Proffered paper 2: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
PFS by BICR: Primary Endpoint
Iza-bren showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement vs PBC with doubling of mPFS.
Iza-bren (N = 216) | PBC (N = 206)
Number of events 128 | 164
Median, mo (95% CI) 11.1 (9.2, 12.7) | 5.7 (5.5, 5.9)
HR (95% CI) 0.40 (0.31, 0.51)†
P-value <0.0001*
Progression-free survival probability (%)
Time (Months)
Iza-bren
PBC
+ Censored
Subjects at risk
PFS (BICR) was evaluated in the mITT population. The median duration of follow-up for PFS was 14.6 months.
Similar results were observed for PFS (BICR) in the ITT population, with 129 events in the iza-bren arm and 164 events in the PBC arm. The hazard ratio (95% CI) was 0.40 (0.31, 0.51).
†Based on a stratified Cox regression model. *One-sided, based on a stratified log-rank test.
Data cut off: July 15, 2026
Li Zhang
Li Zhang
PANKU-Lung01: Randomized phase III study of izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren) in EGFR-mutant non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR (mITT)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Iza-bren | 216 | 11.1 mo | 9.2, 12.7
PBC | 206 | 5.7 mo | 5.5, 5.9
HR: 0.40
HR CI: 0.31, 0.51
P: <0.0001 (one-sided, stratified log-rank)
Printed curve labels: iza-bren 75.1% / 58.2% / 46.5% vs PBC 42.9% / 24.4% / 14.4% at vertical markers ~6, 9 and 12 months (timepoints not explicitly labelled)
Subjects at risk iza-bren (0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24 mo): 216,172,143,109,68,39,15,0,0
Subjects at risk PBC: 206,153,78,40,18,8,5,1,0
[Slide 4]
08:30 - 10:00 Proffered paper 2: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
PFS per BICR
Ruzaltatug rezetecan (n = 250) | Chemo (n = 248)
Event, n (%) 108 (43.2) | 156 (62.9)
Median PFS (95% CI), mo 8.3 (6.9–9.9) | 5.4 (4.4–5.6)
HR* (95% CI) 0.47 (0.36–0.60)
1-sided P value† <0.0001
PFS (%)
Time since randomization (mo)
No. at risk
• Consistent PFS benefit per investigator assessment: HR 0.46 (95% CI 0.36–0.60)
* Stratified Cox proportional hazards model. † Stratified Log-rank test. Stratification factors were the same as those used for randomization.
Chongrui Xu
Ruzaltatug rezetecan, a HER3-directed ADC, vs platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC progressing after EGFR-TKI: Interim analyses (IA) from the phase 3 HERON-Lung01 trial
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS per BICR
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Ruzaltatug rezetecan | 250 | 8.3 mo | 6.9–9.9
Chemo | 248 | 5.4 mo | 4.4–5.6
HR: 0.47
HR CI: 0.36–0.60
P: <0.0001 (1-sided, stratified log-rank)
6-mo (dotted line at 6): 59.8% vs 32.4% (Δ27.4%)
9-mo (dotted line at 9): 46.3% vs 16.7% (Δ29.6%)
No. at risk ruzaltatug (0-16 mo, 2-mo steps): 250,225,179,90,62,20,10,5,0
No. at risk chemo: 248,200,141,44,26,7,4,2,0
1) Trial design schema: phase 3 study design: savolitinib + osimertinib vs placebo + · 2) Slide: PFS by investigator in MET IHC 3+ and ITT populations · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival curve: savolitinib + osimertinib · 4) Safety data: safety profile and most common TEAEs: savolitinib + osimertinib
#ESMO26 Dr. Yilong Wu @ThomasW35874311 presents SANOVO: 1L osimertinib + savolitinib/placebo in EGFR+ NSCLC with MET overexpression. Wow. PFS 24.8 vs 11.1m, HR 0.45 with OS 44.5 vs 34.9m, HR 0.48. RR 81% vs 68%. Toxicities below. Very impressive. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/l11IljLSvi
[Slide 1]
SANOVO Study Design
Randomized, double blind, multi-center phase 3 study conducted across 74 centers in China [NCT05009836].
Key inclusion criteria
•Untreated unresectable or metastatic NSCLC1
•EGFRm (19del or L858R)
•Centrally confirmed MET OE2
➢ IHC 3+(≥90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining) or
➢ IHC 2+ (H-score≥220 and <90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining)
•Age ≥ 18 years
•ECOG PS 0-1
N = 320
R 1:1
Stratified by:
EGFRm type ex19del vs L858R
MET status IHC 3+ vs IHC 2+
Brain metastases yes vs no
Savo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW) + osimertinib 80 mg QD
Placebo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW) + osimertinib 80 mg QD
Until PD or intolerable toxicity3
Endpoints
Primary endpoint: PFS by INV
Secondary endpoints: PFS by IRC; ORR, DoR, DCR by INV and IRC; OS
Safety
1 Patients treated chemotherapy in neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting were included if progression occurred ≥6 months after the last dose; 2 MET IHC kit (D1C2, Amoy Diagnostics, Xiamen, China); 3 Patients received treatment until objective progressive disease by RECIST 1.1 as assessed by investigator, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawn consent, or another discontinuation criterion was met. Crossover between treatment group was not allowed; patients were followed up for safety outcomes 28 days after the last dose of study treatment.
BID, twice daily; BW, body weight; DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; ECOG PS, European Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; EGFRm, epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated; Ex19del, exon 19 deletion; IHC, immunohistochemistry; INV, investigator; IRC, independent review committee; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PD, progressive disease; PFS, progression-free survival; QD, once daily; RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours. Savo, Savolitinib; Osi, Osimertinib; OE, overexpression.
[Slide 2]
PFS in MET IHC 3+ and ITT Populations by INV
MET IHC 3+ population
Median follow-up: 30.4 mo
Savo+Osi N = 98 | Osi N = 98
mPFS (95% CI), mo 24.8 (19.4, 27.6) | 11.1 (8.3, 16.6)
HR (95% CI) 0.45 (0.31, 0.66)
P-value p<0.0001
Landmarks: 76.0% vs 47.0%; 53.7% vs 28.3%; 26.9% vs 14.4%
ITT population
Median follow-up: 38.6 mo
Savo+Osi N = 162 | Osi N = 164
mPFS (95% CI), mo 24.9 (22.0, 27.6) | 13.8 (10.9, 16.6)
HR (95% CI) 0.56 (0.43, 0.74)
P-value p<0.0001
Landmarks: 74.6% vs 54.9%; 54.9% vs 30.3%; 25.5% vs 19.3%
Probability of PFS (%)
Time (Mo)
Savo+Osi
Osi
+ Censored
The combination of Savo + Osi reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 55% and 44%, respectively, compared to Osi alone
CI, confidence interval; IHC, immunohistochemistry; INV, investigator; ITT, intention-to-treat; PFS, progression-free survival; Savo, Savolitinib; Osi, Osimertinib; HR, hazard ratio.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by INV (primary; MET IHC 3+ and ITT)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Savo+Osi (MET IHC 3+) | 98 | 24.8 mo | 19.4, 27.6
Osi (MET IHC 3+) | 98 | 11.1 mo | 8.3, 16.6
Savo+Osi (ITT) | 162 | 24.9 mo | 22.0, 27.6
Osi (ITT) | 164 | 13.8 mo | 10.9, 16.6
HR: MET IHC 3+: 0.45; ITT: 0.56
HR CI: MET IHC 3+: 0.31, 0.66; ITT: 0.43, 0.74
P: p<0.0001 (both)
MET IHC 3+ | 12 mo | Savo+Osi: 76.0% | Osi: 47.0%
MET IHC 3+ | 24 mo | Savo+Osi: 53.7% | Osi: 28.3%
MET IHC 3+ | 36 mo | Savo+Osi: 26.9% | Osi: 14.4%
ITT | 12 mo | Savo+Osi: 74.6% | Osi: 54.9%
ITT | 24 mo | Savo+Osi: 54.9% | Osi: 30.3%
ITT | 36 mo | Savo+Osi: 25.5% | Osi: 19.3%
[Slide 3]
Overall Survival
Median follow-up: 38.7 mo
Savo+Osi N = 162 | Osi N = 164
Number of death, n (%)* 49 (30.2) | 83 (50.6)
Median OS, mo (95% CI) 44.5 (41.3, NE) | 34.9 (26.3, 41.1)
HR (95% CI) 0.48 (0.33, 0.68)
Probability of OS (%)
Time (Mo)
Savo+Osi
Osi
+ Censored
Landmarks: 94.4% vs 81.0% (Δ 13.4%); 79.8% vs 65.4% (Δ 14.4%); 67.4% vs 47.4% (Δ 20.0%)
Savo + Osi reduced the risk of death by 52% in the ITT population compared with Osi alone, achieving a clinically meaningful survival benefit
*At the data cutoff date, the overall survival maturity was 40.5%. CI, confidence interval; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ITT, intention-to-treat; OS, overall survival; Savo, Savolitinib; Osi, Osimertinib; HR, hazard ratio; NE, not estimable
Survival table
Endpoint: OS (ITT)
Savo+Osi | 162 | 44.5 mo | 41.3, NE
Osi | 164 | 34.9 mo | 26.3, 41.1
HR: 0.48
HR CI: 0.33, 0.68
12 mo | Savo+Osi: 94.4% | Osi: 81.0%
24 mo | Savo+Osi: 79.8% | Osi: 65.4%
36 mo | Savo+Osi: 67.4% | Osi: 47.4%
[Slide 4]
Safety Profile and Most Common TEAEs
Exposure and safety summary
| Savo+Osi N = 162 | Osi N = 164
Total exposure, mo -Median (range) | 22.1 (0.4, 44.2) | 12.9 (0.4, 45.5)
At least one TEAE, n (%) | 162 (100.0) | 163 (99.4)
Gr. ≥ 3 TEAE | 125 (77.2) | 63 (38.4)
Leading to dose modification | 119 (73.5) | 57 (34.8)
Leading to dose discontinuation | 24 (14.8) | 7 (4.3)
Serious TEAE | 89 (54.9) | 47 (28.7)
Leading to death (excl. PD) | 7 (4.3) | 8 (4.8)
The most common TEAEs (≥25%) [Savo+Osi all grades / Savo+Osi grade≥3 | Placebo+Osi grade≥3 / Placebo+Osi all grades, %]
Peripheral oedema 65 / 7 | 7
Hypoalbuminaemia 63 / 1 | 22
Platelet count decreased 51 / 2 | 2 / 32
Anaemia 49 / 6 | 2 / 40
Blood creatinine increased 47 | 23
AST increased 45 / 7 | 29
White blood cell count decreased 45 / 4 | 1 / 33
Neutrophil count decreased 42 / 4 | 2 / 25
ALT increased 41 / 7 | 27
Hypocalcaemia 41 / 2 | 10
Rash 39 / 2 | 30
Diarrhoea 38 / 1 | 1 / 38
Decreased appetite 35 / 1 | 1 / 23
Mouth ulceration 30 / 2 | 1 / 16
Hypokalaemia 27 / 7 | 2 / 12
Lymphocyte count decreased 27 / 9 | 4 / 18
Nausea 25 | 16
Weight decreased 23 / 1 | 1 / 25
Patients (%)
Savolitinib + Osimertinib, all grades; Placebo + Osimertinib, all grades; Savolitinib + Osimertinib, Grades≥3; Placebo + Osimertinib, Grades≥3
Overall, Savo + Osi demonstrated a tolerable and manageable safety profile consistent with the known profiles of both agents and their combination, and no new safety concerns identified.
TEAE, treatment-emerged adverse event; gr, grade; PD, progression disease; Savo, Savolitinib; Osi, Osimertinib; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper II: #LCSM Mets
🔥SANOVO: Savolitinib or Placebo Combined With Osimertinib in Treatment-Naïve Advanced NSCLC With EGFR Mutation and MET Overexpression: Results From the Phase 3 Study
🎙️Dr. Yi-Long Wu @ThomasW35874311
🔢LBA69
🎯Significantly Improved PFS
🎯ITT 24.9 vs 13.8mo (HR 0.56; n=326)
🎯MET IHC3+ PFS 24.8 vs 11.1mo (HR 0.45)
🎯OS ITT 44.5 vs 34.9mo (HR 0.48)
🎯AEs Leading to Discontinuation 14.8% vs 4.3%
☑️NCT05009836
🔗 https://t.co/M4ccE0iSMW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters @metcrusaders
LBA69 - Savolitinib or placebo combined with osimertinib in treatment-naïve advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutation and MET overexpression: Results from the phase 3 SANOVO study
Speakers Yi-Long Wu (Guangzhou, China)
Lecture Time 08:30 - 08:40
Authors Yi-Long Wu (Guangzhou, China), Qing Zhou (Guangzhou, China), Longhua Sun (Nanchang, China), Baogang Liu (Harbin, China), Qiming Wang (Zhengzhou, China), XueYing Zhang (Changchun, China), Jianhua Chen (Changsha, China), Xingya Li (Zhengzhou, China), Jingzhang Li (Liuzhou, China), Tongmei Zhang (Beijing, China), Yuanyuan Ji (Anyang, China), Yun Fan (Hangzhou, China), Xiaorong Dong (Wuhan, China), Tienan Yi (Xiangyang, China), XuHong Min (Hefei, China), Liyun Miao (Nanjing, China), Hongrui Niu (Xinxiang, China), Yu Yao (Xi'an, China), Jie Yu (Shanghai, China), Songhua Fan (Shanghai, China)
Abstract
Background
EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) advanced NSCLC patients (pts) with de novo MET overexpression (MET-OE) were observed to have reduced efficacy with first-line EGFR-TKI monotherapy (Ma L, et al). Here we report Ph3 SANOVO study (NCT05009836) primary results, evaluating savolitinib (savo, a potent, CNS penetrated METi) + osimertinib (osi) vs. placebo + osi in first-line EGFRm and MET-OE advanced NSCLC in China.
Methods
Treatment-naive pts with locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC harboring EGFRm (exon 19 del/L858R) and MET-OE (IHC 2+ [H-score ≥220, <90% tumor cells with strong staining] or IHC 3+ [≥90% tumor cells with strong staining]) were randomized 1:1 in a double-blind manner to savo+osi or placebo+osi, stratified by EGFRm type (exon 19 del/L858R), brain metastases (yes/no), and MET-OE level (IHC 2+/3+). Savo/placebo (300 or 200 mg BID, weight-based) and osi (80 mg QD) were dosed until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death, whichever occurred first. The primary endpoint, investigator (INV)-assessed PFS, was tested hierarchically (MET IHC 3+ first, then ITT if positive). DCO: 31 Jul, 2026.
Results
Of 326 pts randomized (savo+osi, n=162; placebo+osi, n=164), 98 per group had MET IHC 3+ status. Baseline characteristics were generally balanced. Savo+osi significantly prolonged INV-assessed PFS vs. placebo+osi in both MET IHC 3+ (24.8 vs. 11.1 mo; HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.66; P<0.0001) and ITT populations (24.9 vs. 13.8 mo; HR 0.56; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.74; P<0.0001). Median OS in the ITT population was 44.5 vs. 34.9 mo (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.68) at a median follow-up of 38.7 mo. Median treatment exposure was 22.1 mo with savo+osi vs. 12.9 mo with placebo+osi, while the incidence of AEs leading to discontinuation was 14.8% vs. 4.3%. Safety was consistent with known profiles of this combination.
Conclusions
Savo+osi demonstrated a statistically significant PFS improvement and clinically meaningful OS benefit over osi alone in first-line EGFRm and MET-OE advanced NSCLC, with manageable safety and no new safety signals. This dual oral regimen offers a potential new treatment option for this biomarker-defined population.
1) Trial design schema: phase 3 study design: savolitinib or placebo plus osimertinib · 2) Response data: tumour response by investigator in ITT population with waterfall
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper II: #LCSM Mets
🔥SANOVO: Savolitinib or Placebo Combined With Osimertinib in Treatment-Naïve Advanced NSCLC With EGFR Mutation and MET Overexpression: Results From the Phase 3 Study
🎙️Dr. Yi-Long Wu @ThomasW35874311
🔢LBA69
🎯Significantly Improved PFS
🎯ITT 24.9 vs 13.8mo (HR 0.56; n=326)
🎯MET IHC3+ PFS 24.8 vs 11.1mo (HR 0.45)
🎯OS ITT 44.5 vs 34.9mo (HR 0.48)
🎯AEs Leading to Discontinuation 14.8% vs 4.3%
☑️NCT05009836
🔗 https://t.co/M4ccE0iSMW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters @metcrusaders
[Slide 1]
SANOVO Study Design
Randomized, double blind, multi-center phase 3 study conducted across 74 centers in China [NCT05009836].
Key inclusion criteria
•Untreated unresectable or metastatic NSCLC1
•EGFRm (19del or L858R)
•Centrally confirmed MET OE2
➢ IHC 3+(≥90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining) or
➢ IHC 2+ (H-score≥220 and <90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining)
•Age ≥ 18 years
•ECOG PS 0-1
N = 320
R 1:1
Stratified by:
EGFRm type
ex19del vs L858R
MET status
IHC 3+ vs IHC 2+
Brain metastases
yes vs no
Savo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW)
+ osimertinib 80 mg QD
Placebo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW)
+ osimertinib 80 mg QD
Until PD or intolerable toxicity3
Endpoints
Primary endpoint:
PFS by INV
Secondary endpoints:
PFS by IRC; ORR, DoR, DCR by INV and IRC; OS
Safety
1Patients treated chemotherapy in neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting were included if progression occurred ≥6 months after the last dose; 2MET IHC kit (D1C2, Amoy Diagnostics, Xiamen, China); 3Patients received treatment until objective progressive disease by RECIST 1.1 as assessed by investigator, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawn consent, or another discontinuation criterion was met. Crossover between treatment group was not allowed, patients were followed up for safety outcomes 28 days after the last dose of study treatment.
[Slide 4]
Tumour Response by INV in ITT Population
Savo+Osi, N = 162 | Osi, N = 164 | OR (95% CI)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 80.9 (74.0, 86.6) | 67.7 (59.9, 74.8) | 2.00 (1.17, 3.45)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 97.5 (93.8, 99.3) | 88.4 (82.5, 92.9) | 5.02 (1.66, 21.33)
Median DoR, mo (95% CI) | 23.5 (20.1, 26.4) | 15.2 (12.4, 18.00) | -
Median best % change in target lesion size, % (range) | -54.0 (-100.0, -10.8) | -44.3 (-100.0, 74.2) | -
Savo+Osi
Osi
Best % Change In Target Lesion Size From Baseline
Partial response Stable disease Progressive disease
1) Trial design schema: patient disposition: 1896 screened, 326 randomized · 2) Slide: PFS by IRC in MET IHC 3+ and ITT populations
Savo + Osi >>> Osi
In 1L stage IV, EGFRmut: Better PFS and remarkable 44.5 OS for a poor prognosis population, with the cost of more MET-related side effects.
High attrition to find MET-IHC3+. Wondering how this data compares to this subset of patients in the MARIPOSA trial. #ESMO26 #LCSM
[Slide 2]
Patient Disposition
Enrollment: Aug 2022~Aug 2025
DCO: Jul 31, 2026
Pre-screened/Screened N = 1896*
1449 EGFRm pts successfully tested MET IHC
Randomization N = 326
Savo + Osimertinib N =162
Treated N =162 (100%)
End of treatment, N = 101 (62.3%)
• Disease progression, n = 76 (46.9%)
• Adverse events, n = 11 (6.8%)
• Patient's decision, n = 7 (4.3%)
• Death, n = 5 (3.1%)
• New anti-tumor treatment, n = 1 (0.6%)
• Investigator's decision n = 1 (0.6%)
Ongoing treatment N = 61 (37.7%)
Placebo + Osimertinib N =164
Treated N = 164 (100%)
End of treatment, N = 124 (75.6%)
• Disease progression, n = 106 (64.6%)
• Patient's decision, n = 8 (4.9%)
• Adverse events, n = 5 (3.0%)
• Death, n = 4 (2.4%)
• Investigator's decision n = 1 (0.6%)
Ongoing treatment N = 40 (24.4%)
Percentages calculated based on randomized patients.
*All patients who provided informed consent.
DCO, data cut-off date.
[Slide 3]
PFS in MET IHC 3+ and ITT Populations by IRC
MET IHC 3+ population
Median follow-up: 30.4 mo
Savo+Osi N = 98 | Osi N = 98
mPFS (95% CI), mo 22.2 (19.4, NE) | 13.7 (8.3, 19.4)
HR (95% CI) 0.48 (0.32, 0.72)
Landmarks: 76.5% vs 53.5%; 49.9% vs 33.4%; 41.5% vs 23.2%
ITT population
Median follow-up: 33.1 mo
Savo+Osi N = 162 | Osi N = 164
mPFS (95% CI), mo 27.9 (22.1, 35.8) | 16.4 (9.7, 16.6)
HR (95% CI) 0.53 (0.39, 0.71)
Landmarks: 79.2% vs 55.8%; 56.8% vs 35.7%; 36.7% vs 26.9%
Probability of PFS (%)
Time (Mo)
Savo+Osi
Osi
+ Censored
IRC-assessed PFS benefit was consistent with investigator assessment
CI, confidence interval; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ITT, intention-to-treat; IRC, independent review committee; PFS, progression-free survival; Savo, Savolitinib; Osi, Osimertinib; HR, hazard ratio; NE, not estimable.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by IRC (MET IHC 3+ and ITT)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Savo+Osi (MET IHC 3+) | 98 | 22.2 mo | 19.4, NE
Osi (MET IHC 3+) | 98 | 13.7 mo | 8.3, 19.4
Savo+Osi (ITT) | 162 | 27.9 mo | 22.1, 35.8
Osi (ITT) | 164 | 16.4 mo | 9.7, 16.6
HR: MET IHC 3+: 0.48; ITT: 0.53
HR CI: MET IHC 3+: 0.32, 0.72; ITT: 0.39, 0.71
MET IHC 3+ | 12 mo | Savo+Osi: 76.5% | Osi: 53.5%
MET IHC 3+ | 24 mo | Savo+Osi: 49.9% | Osi: 33.4%
MET IHC 3+ | 36 mo | Savo+Osi: 41.5% | Osi: 23.2%
ITT | 12 mo | Savo+Osi: 79.2% | Osi: 55.8%
ITT | 24 mo | Savo+Osi: 56.8% | Osi: 35.7%
ITT | 36 mo | Savo+Osi: 36.7% | Osi: 26.9%
1) Slide: Discussant slide: open questions after on MET definition and comparison · 2) Trial design schema: Phase 3 study design: savolitinib or placebo plus osimertinib
Rebecca Heist @MGHThoracicOnc breaks down the latest data on MET + EGFR TKIs.
Targeting MET at time of resistance, but now also compelling data first line for those with de novo MET.
Questions remain around how to test for MET positivity (IHC, amplification, cutoffs)
#ESMO26 https://t.co/h8NzeGc3lq
[Slide 1]
Questions
What is the right MET definition in the 1L population?
Is there benefit in the 2+ population?
How does a MET selected population fare with FLAURA2 or MARIPOSA regimen?
What resistance will emerge from SANOVO combination?
[Slide 2]
Phase 3 SANOVO: Savolitinib or Placebo Combined with Osimertinib in Treatment-Naïve Advanced NSCLC with EGFR Mutation and MET Overexpression
Key inclusion criteria
•Untreated unresectable or metastatic NSCLC¹
•EGFRm (19del or L858R)
•Centrally confirmed MET OE²
➤ IHC 3+(≥90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining) or
➤ IHC 2+ (H-score≥220 and <90% of tumor cells demonstrating strong staining)
•Age ≥ 18 years
•ECOG PS 0-1
N = 320
R 1:1
Stratified by:
EGFRm type ex19del vs L858R
MET status IHC 3+ vs IHC 2+
Brain metastases yes vs no
Savo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW) + osimertinib 80 mg QD
Placebo 300 mg/200 mg BID (by BW) + osimertinib 80 mg QD
Until PD or intolerable toxicity³
Endpoints
Primary endpoint: PFS by INV
Secondary endpoints: PFS by IRC; ORR, DoR, DCR by INV and IRC; OS Safety
Wu et al ESMO 2026;
1) Slide: demographics and baseline characteristics, MET IHC 3+ and ITT populations · 2) Slide: PFS by investigator across ITT subgroups (forest plot)
SANOVO; front line savo osi in MET over-expressed common mEGFR; 3+ or 2+ (interesting definition); double blind with placebo control; screen 1896 to randomise 326; PFS HR 0.48 in 3+ (0.53 ITT); OS HR 0.48; mDOR 23.5m #ESMO26 https://t.co/Se5nyLAoQn
Slide: Discussant takeaways on Abstract LBA69 savolitinib plus osimertinib in EGFRm MET-overexpressing NSCLC
#ESMO26 | Dr. Rebecca Heist (@MGHThoracicOnc): Is MET testing the next step in personalized lung cancer treatment?
SANOVO showed improved median PFS (24.9 vs 13.8 months) with savolitinib + osimertinib in EGFR-mutated, MET-overexpressing NSCLC. Could MET guide first-line treatment selection?
#METCrusaders #NSCLC #LungCancer #SANOVO #PrecisionMedicine #lcsm
08:30 - 10:00 Proffered paper 2: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
My takeaways on Abstract LBA69 SANOVO:
With SANOVO, Wu et al show benefit of adding savolitinib to osimertinib in the 1L treatment of EGFR mt (L858R, exon 19 del) with MET overexpression, especially with MET IHC 3+
The osimertinib arm in SANOVO suggests a possible detrimental effect of baseline MET overexpression on outcomes; this is ameliorated by addition of Savolitinib
Benefit appears higher in more highly MET + (IHC3+) population
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
1) Trial design schema: study design (screen capture) · 2) Response data: primary OS and secondary PFS/cORR (screen capture) · 3) Slide: OS by subgroups forest plot and AGA presence by treatment line
#ESMO26 Dr. @peters_solange presents phase 3 study of sigvotatug vedotin (SV, integrin beta-6 ADC) vs docetaxel in previously treated non-squamous NSCLC. No difference in survival. Some signal in driver-negative NSCLC in 2L setting (vs 3L). #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/t2NW9Ye0xR
[Slide 2]
SigVie-002 study design
SigVie-002(a) is a global, randomized, open-label phase 3 study
Key eligibility
• Advanced, unresectable, or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC
• Prior treatment:
• PBC
• If no known AGAs:
• PD-(L)1 inhibitor required
• If known AGA detected:
• ≥1 targeted therapy required
• PD-(L)1 inhibitor optional
• No prior anti-microtubule agents
• ECOG PS ≤1
• No active CNS lesions(b)
Enrollment period: March 6, 2024-June 5, 2025
Randomized 1:1 N=703
SV (n=354) 1.8 mg/kg AiBW IV Q2W
Docetaxel (n=349) 75 mg/m2 IV Q3W
Stratified by:
• ECOG PS (0 versus 1)
• AGAs (known EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements; present versus absent or unknown)
• Regions (North America and Western Europe versus Asia Pacific versus rest of world)
Endpoints
Primary • OS
Secondary(c) • PFS by BICR and investigator • ORR by BICR and investigator • Safety and tolerability
Exploratory(d) • Efficacy in IB6-high(e) subgroup
Data cutoff: May 18, 2026
aNCT06012435. bPatients with definitively treated brain metastases are allowed if (1) CNS metastases have been clinically stable ≥4 weeks prior to treatment initiation with no evidence of new or enlarged metastasis on baseline scans; (2) patient is on a stable does of ≤10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent for ≥2 weeks; (3) treatment with corticosteroids >1 month prior to the screening visit unless allowed as a concomitant therapy, and anticonvulsants at a stable dose were allowed; and (4) no evidence of clinical and radiographic disease progression in the CNS for ≥21 days after definitive radiotherapy and/or surgery. cAdditional secondary endpoints included duration of response by BICR and investigator and quality of life in both treatment arms and pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of SV. dAdditional exploratory endpoints were included but not presented here. eIB6-high was defined as ≥50% of tumor cells showing immunohistochemistry staining at ≥2+ intensity.
[Slide 3]
Primary and secondary endpoints
Primary: OS in overall population
| SV (n=354) | Docetaxel (n=349)
OS, median (95% CI), months | 11.9 (10.1–14.0) | 11.5 (10.2–13.3)
HR (95% CI) | 0.929 (0.767–1.126)
Stratified log-rank 1-sided P value | 0.226
No. at risk
SV 354 317 266 206 158 81 35 10 1 1
Docetaxel 349 294 257 201 154 72 29 9 5 0
Secondary: PFS by BICR in overall population
| SV (n=354) | Docetaxel (n=349)
PFS, median (95% CI), months | 4.7 (4.2–6.0) | 4.2 (4.0–6.0)
HR (95% CI) | 0.844 (0.699–1.019)
No. at risk
SV 354 211 126 59 32 13 6 2 0
Docetaxel 349 175 103 41 23 9 1 0 0
Secondary: cORR by BICR in overall population
| SV (n=354) | Docetaxel (n=349)
cORR (95% CI), % | 16 (12–20) | 13 (10–17)
DCR (95% CI), % | 69 (64–73) | 60 (55–65)
DOR, median (95% CI),a months | 8.3 (6.2–NR) | 10.1 (6.2–14.5)
In the overall population, SV did not show a statistically significant improvement for the primary endpoint of OS or secondary endpoints
aCalculated out of responders.
Survival table
Endpoint: OS (primary) and PFS by BICR (secondary), overall population
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
SV | 354 | OS 11.9 mo; PFS 4.7 mo | OS 10.1–14.0; PFS 4.2–6.0
Docetaxel | 349 | OS 11.5 mo; PFS 4.2 mo | OS 10.2–13.3; PFS 4.0–6.0
HR: OS 0.929; PFS 0.844
HR CI: OS 0.767–1.126; PFS 0.699–1.019
P: OS stratified log-rank 1-sided P = 0.226
[Slide 4]
Overall survival by subgroups
Subgroup | Events/n SV | Events/n Docetaxel | HR (95% CI)
Overall | 211/354 | 215/349 | 0.93 (0.77–1.13)
Age group <65 years | 103/173 | 113/193 | 1.04 (0.80–1.36)
Age group ≥65 years | 108/181 | 102/156 | 0.83 (0.63–1.08)
Sex Male | 130/210 | 127/191 | 0.88 (0.69–1.13)
Sex Female | 81/144 | 88/158 | 0.98 (0.73–1.33)
Region(a) North America and Western Europe | 149/249 | 163/246 | 0.84 (0.67–1.05)
Region(a) Asia Pacific | 30/58 | 27/57 | 1.25 (0.74–2.11)
Region(a) Rest of world | 32/47 | 25/46 | 1.20 (0.71–2.02)
ECOG performance status(a) 0 | 64/124 | 63/121 | 0.96 (0.68–1.37)
ECOG performance status(a) 1 | 147/230 | 152/228 | 0.93 (0.74–1.16)
Smoking history Former or current | 167/281 | 174/272 | 0.88 (0.71–1.09)
Smoking history Never | 43/72 | 41/77 | 1.16 (0.76–1.79)
EGFR or ALK alterations(a) Present | 52/84 | 41/81 | 1.32 (0.87–1.99)
EGFR or ALK alterations(a) Absent or unknwon | 159/270 | 174/268 | 0.85 (0.68–1.05)
AGA status AGA | 70/113 | 53/95 | 1.14 (0.80–1.63)
AGA status Non-AGA | 141/241 | 162/254 | 0.86 (0.69–1.08)
Line of systemic therapy 2L | 134/236 | 151/241 | 0.83 (0.66–1.05)
Line of systemic therapy 3L+ | 77/117 | 63/105 | 1.19 (0.85–1.66)
Axis: 0.5 – 1 – 5; ← Favors SV | Favors docetaxel →
AGA presence by treatment line (No AGAs / ≥1 AGA)
2L: 10%
3L+: 72%
aPer randomization and trial supply management.
Trial design schema: Table: Phase 3 trials with ADCs in 2L NOA-NSCLC
Another negative phase III trial in pretreated NSCLC! ❌ SigVie-002 sigvotatug vedotin vs docetaxel failed to meet its primary OS endpoint in non-squamous NSCLC. @peters_solange. The challenge of beating docetaxel with ADCs in 2L continues! #ESMO26 #LungCancer https://t.co/rmBBg7zn2E
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥SigVie-002: Phase 3 Study of Sigvotatug Vedotin (SV) vs Docetaxel (DTX) in Previously Treated Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
🎙️ @peters_solange
🔢LBA68
🎯Primary OS Endpoint Not Met
🎯mOS 11.9 vs 11.5mo (HR 0.929, p=0.226; n=703)
🎯Post Hoc 2L Subgroup: OS 13.6 vs 11.1mo (HR 0.831), PFS HR 0.795
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 33% vs 36%
☑️NCT06012435
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
LBA68 - Phase 3 study of sigvotatug vedotin (SV) vs docetaxel (DTX) in previously treated nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Speakers Solange Peters (Lausanne, Switzerland)
Lecture Time 11:13 - 11:23
Abstract
Background
SV, a novel integrin beta-6 (IB6)-directed ADC, showed promising antitumor activity in patients (pts) with heavily pretreated advanced NSCLC in the phase 1 SGNB6A-001 study. Phase 3 SigVie-002 (NCT06012435) results are reported.
Methods
Pts with nonsquamous NSCLC were randomized to SV (1.8 mg/kg by AiBW IV Q2W) or DTX (75 mg/m2 IV Q3W). Eligible pts received prior platinum-based chemotherapy; prior PD-(L)-1 inhibitor was required by pts with no known actionable genomic alterations (AGAs); and ≥1 targeted therapy was required for known AGAs. Endpoints: primary, overall survival (OS); secondary, progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.
Results
As of May 18, 2026, 703 pts were assigned to SV (n=354) or DTX (n=349) with balanced baseline characteristics. Overall, ≥1 AGA, 30%; EGFR mutation, 19%. Median OS: 11.9 mo with SV and 11.5 mo with DTX (HR=0.929; one-sided P=0.226). Median PFS by BICR: 4.7 mo with SV and 4.2 mo with DTX (HR=0.844). Post-hoc analysis in second line (2L) subgroup (68% of overall; 90% non-AGAs) showed median OS of 13.6 mo with SV and 11.1 mo with DTX (HR=0.831), along with PFS benefit (HR=0.795). In contrast, in third line or later (3L+) subgroup (32% of overall; 72% AGAs), no similar benefit trends were observed. There was no clear relationship between IB6 expression level and efficacy. Any-grade and grade≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 91% and 33% with SV and 87% and 36% with DTX, respectively. TRAEs led to treatment discontinuation in 11% with SV and 9% with DTX. Table: LBA68
| SV | DTX | Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Overall population, n | 354 | 349 |
Median OS (95% CI), mo | 11.9 (10.1-14.0) | 11.5 (10.2-13.3) | 0.929 (0.767-1.126) one-sided p=0.226
Median PFS (95% CI), mo | 4.7 (4.2-6.0) | 4.2 (4.0-6.0) | 0.844 (0.699-1.019)
2L patients, n | 236 | 241 |
Median OS (95% CI), mo | 13.6 (10.7-16.4) | 11.1 (9.6-13.3) | 0.831 (0.658-1.049)
Median PFS (95% CI), mo | 5.9 (4.3-6.3) | 4.2 (4.0-6.0) | 0.795 (0.634-0.996)
3L+ patients, n | 117 | 105 |
Median OS (95% CI), mo | 10.0 (8.2, 12.0) | 11.9 (8.9, 16.8) | 1.187 (0.850, 1.657)
Median PFS (95% CI), mo | 4.2 (3.9, 5.0) | 4.2 (3.3, 6.0) | 1.024 (0.739, 1.419)
Conclusions
SV did not significantly improve OS over DTX in overall population. Notably, favorable OS and PFS trends were observed with SV in 2L subgroup, which consisted primarily of non-AGA pts. Taken together with phase 1 data showing manageable safety and promising preliminary efficacy in combination with pembrolizumab, these results support further development of SV in combination with pembrolizumab or PF-0864404 (PD1/VEGF bispecific) in earlier settings.
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: post hoc 2L outcomes: OS 13.6 vs 11.1 mo, HR 0.831 · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: efficacy by IB6 expression status (exploratory)
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥SigVie-002: Phase 3 Study of Sigvotatug Vedotin (SV) vs Docetaxel (DTX) in Previously Treated Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
🎙️ @peters_solange
🔢LBA68
🎯Primary OS Endpoint Not Met
🎯mOS 11.9 vs 11.5mo (HR 0.929, p=0.226; n=703)
🎯Post Hoc 2L Subgroup: OS 13.6 vs 11.1mo (HR 0.831), PFS HR 0.795
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 33% vs 36%
☑️NCT06012435
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Response data: primary OS and secondary PFS/cORR (livestream), Solange Peters
Phase 3 study of sigvotatug vedotin (SV) vs docetaxel (DTX) in previously treated nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) it was a negative study 😩
Solange Peters (CH) https://t.co/vGMu02Ojfn
@peters_solange on SV vs docetaxel. Docetaxel again proves difficult to topple. IB6 expression not helpful. But in EGFR and ALK potential signal. AEs similar, not really any benefit for SV. Also more ILD in Sv arm
#LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/CtUjDmo9Ei
Baseline characteristics
Characteristic | SV (n=354) | Docetaxel (n=349)
Age, median (range), years | 65 (25-85) | 63 (33-87)
Male, n (%) | 210 (59) | 191 (55)
Race, n (%) White, n (%) | 227 (64) | 229 (66)
Race, n (%) Asian | 61 (17) | 59 (17)
Race, n (%) Black or African American | 10 (3) | 1 (<1)
Race, n (%) Other/multiple/unknown/not reportable | 56 (16) | 60 (17)
Smoking status,a n (%) Former or current | 281 (79) | 272 (78)
Smoking status,a n (%) Never | 72 (20) | 77 (22)
ECOG PS of 1,b n (%) | 236 (67) | 227 (65)
IB6 status,c n (%) IB6-high | 180 (51) | 186 (53)
IB6 status,c n (%) IB6-low | 72 (20) | 67 (19)
IB6 status,c n (%) Not evaluabled | 102 (29) | 96 (28)
Metastatic disease, n (%) | 344 (97) | 333 (95)
History of brain metastases,e n (%) | 54 (15) | 62 (18)
AGAs, n (%) Any AGA presentf | 113 (32) | 95 (27)
AGAs, n (%) EGFR mutation | 66 (19) | 68 (19)
AGAs, n (%) ALK rearrangement | 4 (1) | 3 (1)
AGAs, n (%) KRAS G12C mutation | 24 (7) | 16 (5)
Prior lines of systemic therapy, n (%) 0 | 1 (<1) | 3 (1)
Prior lines of systemic therapy, n (%) 1 | 236 (67) | 241 (69)
Prior lines of systemic therapy, n (%) ≥2 | 117 (33) | 105 (30)
• Baseline characteristics were well-balanced between arms
• At the time of data cutoff, most patients (>90%) had discontinued treatment, with majority due to progressive disease (SV: 72%; docetaxel: 64%)
• 15 patients in each arm had treatment ongoing
• For patients with no known AGAs, all had received prior PBC and almost all had received a PD-(L)1 inhibitorg
• For patients with ≥1 known AGA, almost all (99%) received prior PBC, about half (47%) received prior PD-(L)1 inhibitor, and 86% received prior targeted therapy
aOne patient in the SV arm had missing information. bOne patient in each treatment arm had missing information. cBoth fresh and archived tumor samples were accepted for IB6 expression testing. IB6-high was defined as ≥50% of tumor cells showing immunohistochemistry staining at ≥2+ intensity. IB6-low was defined as <50% tumor cells showing immunohistochemistry staining at ≥2+ intensity. dNot evaluable included patients with no tissue sample submitted or the submitted tissue sample was not evaluable due to sample type of insufficient tumor content. eIncludes patients with a history of brain radiotherapy, surgery, and/or presence of baseline target or non-target lesions in the CNS per investigator assessment. fCategories are not mutually exclusive. Additional categories not listed here included BRAF V600 mutation, NTRK rearrangement, HER2 mutation, MET mutation, RET rearrangement, ROS1 mutation, and other AGA. gOne patient in each of the SV and docetaxel arms did not receive a PD-(L)1 inhibitor.
Slide: title and author slide (FPN: LBA68), Solange Peters presenting
@peters_solange shows data from Phase 3 2ns Line Sigvotatug vedotin x docetaxel
No benefits over good docetaxel
@myESMO #esmo26 https://t.co/ce1ttG0Imo
FPN: LBA68
Phase 3 study of sigvotatug vedotin vs docetaxel in previously treated nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer
Solange Peters,1 Noboru Yamamoto,2 William N. William,3 Michael L. Cheng,4 Laurent Greillier,5 Oscar Juan-Vidal,6 Enriqueta Felip,7 Izabela Chmielewska,8 Manuel Cobo-Dols,9 Federico Cappuzzo,10 Yi-Long Wu,11 David Planchard,12 Hidehito Horinouchi,13 Robert Jotte,14 Vishal Navani,15 Scott Knowles,16 Jingmin Liu,16 Eric Kim,16 Polly Cronin,17 Luis Paz-Ares18
1Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 3Departments of Thoracic Oncology and Head and Neck Oncology, Grupo Oncoclínicas, São Paulo, Brazil; 4Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 5Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations Department, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France; 6Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; 7Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain; 8Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin and Institute of Genetics and Immunology, GENIM, Lublin, Poland; 9Medical Oncology, Hospital Quironsalud Málaga, Málaga, Spain; 10IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; 11Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China; 12Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif and Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France; 13Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 14SCRI at Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO, USA; 15Division of Medical Oncology, Arthur Child Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada; 16Late Stage Oncology Development, Pfizer, Bothell, WA, USA; 17Translational Medicine, Pfizer, Bothell, WA, USA; 18Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
1) Slide: Enter Dato-DXd and Sac-TMT (discussant Melissa L. Johnson, SCRI) · 2) Slide: TROP ADCs taught us more lessons: TROPION-Lung01 final OS subgroups
#ESMO26 Dr. @MLJohnsonMD2 discusses ADCs in NSCLC. Notes that not all are home runs, predicting efficacy is challenging, not chemotherapy but has chemotherapy-toxicity. Much work needed to predict response, widen therapeutic window. https://t.co/HsX3HqEWwG
[Slide 2]
Enter DatoDxd ...and Sac-TMT....
Dato DxD: TROP2, exetecan, DAR 4
Deruxtecan; Cleavable Tetrapeptide-Based Linker; Payload Topoisomerase I Inhibitor (DXd)
DatoDxd was approved by the US FDA based on a pooled analysis of EGFR+ NSCLC pts (n=114) from:
• TROPION-LUNG 05 (single arm phase 2 +AGAs)
• TROPION-LUNG 01 (RP3 all comer NSCLC)
SacTMT: TROP2, tirumotecan, DAR 7.4
• Humanized IgG1 κ • MW: ~148 kD • Fc domain was remodeled by mutations in L237A, L238A, and G240A, without ADCC/CDC
Profile: Unique PD-L1 antigen-binding epitope; Excellent pharmaceutical properties; Good pharmacokinetics and safety
Structural schema of KL-A167
SacTMT approved by Chinese Regulatory authorities based on OptiTROP-Lung 04
Melissa L. Johnson MD, SCRI
[Slide 3]
TROP ADCs Taught Us More Lessons
• ADCs are not always as effective as T-Dxd
• ADCs are not really chemo-free
• Identifying ADC efficacy is not always easy
TROPION-Lung 01 Final Analysis
Overall Survival: Subgroup Analyses
No. of events/No. of patients | Dato-DXd | Docetaxel | HR
Histology: Nonsquamous | 160/234 | 163/234 | 0.84
Squamous | 55/65 | 55/71 | 1.32
Actionable genomic alterationsa: Absent | 182/249 | 185/254 | 0.97
Present | 33/50 | 33/51 | 0.66
Favors Dato-DXd | Favors docetaxel
Melissa L. Johnson MD, SCRI
Data cutoff: March 1, 2024 [partially cut off]
Slide: LBA67 final OS abstract (Wenfeng Fang): sac-TMT vs platinum chemo, EGFRm NSCLC
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥OptiTROP-Lung04: Final OS Analysis of Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (Sac-TMT) Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III Study
🎙️Dr. Wenfeng Fang
🔢LBA67
🎯Sustained OS Benefit at 32.3-Mo Follow-Up
🎯Median OS 25.9 vs 17.4mo (HR 0.69; n=376)
🎯24-Mo OS 54.1% vs 37.2%
☑️NCT05870319
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
LBA67 - Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study
Speakers Wen Feng Fang (Guangzhou, China)
Lecture Time 11:03 - 11:13
Abstract
Background
Sac-TMT is a TROP2-directed ADC with a unique bifunctional linker and a belotecan-derivative topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. In phase III OptiTROP-Lung04, sac-TMT significantly improved PFS and OS versus platinum-based chemotherapy in patients (pts) with EGFRm NSCLC after progression on EGFR-TKI at the prespecified interim OS analysis (Fang et al. NEJM 2025). Here, we report the prespecified final OS analysis with extended follow-up.
Methods
Eligible pts with locally advanced or metastatic EGFRm NSCLC who had progressed on EGFR-TKI therapy were randomized (1:1) to receive sac-TMT monotherapy (5 mg/kg Q2W) or pemetrexed plus platinum, followed by maintenance pemetrexed. OS was a key secondary endpoint. OS was adjusted for subsequent ADC therapy in the chemotherapy group using the rank-preserving structural failure time (RPSFT) model.
Results
A total of 376 pts were randomly assigned (188/group). As of 06 August, 2026, median follow-up was 32.3 months (mo). The statistically significant OS benefit observed at the prespecified interim analysis was sustained in the final analysis. Median OS was 25.9 mo (95% CI: 22.2-27.5) with sac-TMT vs 17.4 mo (95% CI: 15.7-20.3) with chemotherapy (HR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.89; nominal one-sided p=0.0021). The 24-mo and 30-mo OS rates were 54.1% vs 37.2% and 40.5% vs 28.4%, respectively. Subsequent ADC therapy was received by 22.6% of pts in the chemotherapy group. After RPSFT analysis adjusted for subsequent ADC therapy, median OS was 25.9 vs 16.6 mo (HR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.42-0.75). No new safety signals emerged with extended follow-up.
Conclusions
With an extended follow-up of 32.3 mo, sac-TMT continues to demonstrate clinically meaningful and sustained OS benefit compared with platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced EGFRm NSCLC after progression on EGFR-TKI therapy, including after adjustment for subsequent ADC therapy. These findings further support sac-TMT as an effective treatment option in this patient population.
Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study #ESMO2026
Wen Feng Fang (CN) https://t.co/09KlBZfAxI
[Slide 1]
Adjusted Overall Survival*
After adjustment for subsequent ADC therapy using pre-specified RPSFT model, sac-TMT significantly improved OS over chemotherapy with 43% lower risk of death.
| Sac-TMT (n = 188) | Chemo (n = 188)
OS events, n (%) | 114 (60.6) | 119 (63.3)
Median, mo (95% CI) | 25.9 (22.2, 27.5) | 16.6 (15.1, 19.1)
24-mo OS rate, % (95% CI) | 54.1 (46.6, 60.9) | 32.1 (24.6, 39.8)
Sac-TMT mOS: 25.9 mo
Chemo mOS: 16.6 mo
HR 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42–0.75)
Legend: Sac-TMT; Chemotherapy
No. at risk
Sac-TMT 188 184 167 158 147 133 123 111 100 81 58 27 1 0
Chemotherapy 188 180 162 147 129 110 84 48 8 0
*An RPSFT model was used to account for the potential impact of subsequent ADC therapy on OS among patients in the chemotherapy group who received such treatment.
Data cutoff: 06 August 2026
Professor Wenfeng Fang
[Livestream frame: speaker card: Wen Feng Fang — Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study]
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival, RPSFT-adjusted for subsequent ADC therapy
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Sac-TMT | 188 | 25.9 mo | 22.2, 27.5
Chemotherapy | 188 | 16.6 mo | 15.1, 19.1
HR: 0.57
HR CI: 0.42–0.75
Landmark rates:
24 mo: Sac-TMT 54.1% (CI 46.6, 60.9) | Chemotherapy 32.1% (CI 24.6, 39.8)
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
• At the pre-specified final OS analysis (median follow-up: 32.3 months), sac-TMT demonstrated a sustained, clinically meaningful OS benefit over platinum-based chemotherapy.
- Median OS was 25.9 vs 17.4 months (HR, 0.69, 95% CI, 0.54–0.89). The 24-month OS rate was 54.1% vs 37.2%, an absolute difference of 16.9 percentage points.
• The pre-specified analysis accounting for subsequent ADC therapy supported the ITT result (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.42–0.75).
• No new safety signals emerged with extended follow-up. Common TRAEs in the sac-TMT group included hematologic toxicities and stomatitis.
These findings reinforce sac-TMT as a treatment option with a demonstrated survival benefit in advanced EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC after progression on EGFR-TKI therapy.
Professor Wenfeng Fang
[Livestream frame: speaker card: Wen Feng Fang — Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study]
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: final OS KM - Professor Wenfeng Fang · 2) Safety data: TRAEs in >=20% of patients - Professor Wenfeng Fang
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper I: #LCSM Mets
🔥OptiTROP-Lung04: Final OS Analysis of Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (Sac-TMT) Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III Study
🎙️Dr. Wenfeng Fang
🔢LBA67
🎯Sustained OS Benefit at 32.3-Mo Follow-Up
🎯Median OS 25.9 vs 17.4mo (HR 0.69; n=376)
🎯24-Mo OS 54.1% vs 37.2%
☑️NCT05870319
🔗 https://t.co/uGHKJfjhvW
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
Slide: subsequent anticancer therapy - Professor Wenfeng Fang
#ESMO26 Dr. Wenfeng Fang presents update on OptiTROP-Lung04: sac-TMT (TROP2 ADC) vs platinum + pemetrexed in EGFR mutant NSCLC post TKI therapy. OS favors sac-TMT: 25.9m vs 17.4m, HR 0.69 (even better if 1L was 3G TKI). #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/5kuwemKsBj
1) Slide: patient demographics and baseline characteristics - Professor Wenfeng Fang · 2) Slide: OS subgroup analyses forest plot - Professor Wenfeng Fang
OptiTROP-Lung04; sacTMT v chemoIO in mEGFR post 3rd gen TKI; OS HR 0.69- 9m longer mOS; they say the stomatitis is manageable #ESMO26 @BTOGORG https://t.co/7MiXdNztKk
#ESMO26 Does Tarlatamab provide long term benefit to responding patients?
✅The answer is Yes!
➡️Extended F-UP of the Dellphi-304 trial shows that after 22m of F-UP Landmark 2-year OS was 30% vs 15% and sustained disease control in 24% of patients at > 52 weeks
❓We need to investigate the characteristics of those patients to understand how we can improve the outcomes of the 70% of patients who do not make it to two years
@myESMO
#ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 2]
Extended follow-up confirms sustained OS benefit of tarlatamab
Overall survival (%)
Months
Tarlatamab
Chemotherapy
Number of patients at risk:
Data cutoff date: 18 Feb 2026.
Tarlatamab showed sustained survival benefit vs chemotherapy, with reduced mortality risk, persistent separation of the Kaplan–Meier curves, and higher landmark OS rate
CI, confidence interval; FU, follow-up; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival.
Charles M. Rudin, MD, PhD | Tarlatamab in Previously Treated SCLC: Extended Follow-up From the Phase 3 DeLLphi-304 Trial
5
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (extended follow-up)
Tarlatamab | 254 | 13.6 months
Chemotherapy | 255 | 8.4 months
HR: 0.62
HR CI: 0.51–0.76
18-month OS: tarlatamab 42% vs chemotherapy 24%
24-month OS: tarlatamab 30% vs chemotherapy 15%
[Slide 3]
Tarlatamab demonstrated sustained PFS benefit during extended follow-up
Progression-free survival (%)
Months
Tarlatamab
Chemotherapy
Number of patients at risk:
Data cutoff date: 18 Feb 2026.
The PFS benefit observed with tarlatamab in the primary analysis was sustained during extended follow-up, with higher landmark PFS rates than chemotherapy
CI, confidence interval; FU, follow-up; HR, hazard ratio; PFS, progression-free survival.
Charles M. Rudin, MD, PhD | Tarlatamab in Previously Treated SCLC: Extended Follow-up From the Phase 3 DeLLphi-304 Trial
6
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (extended follow-up)
Tarlatamab | 254 | 4.2 months
Chemotherapy | 255 | 3.2 months
HR: 0.69
HR CI: 0.57–0.84
12-month PFS: tarlatamab 21% vs chemotherapy 6%
18-month PFS: tarlatamab 16% vs chemotherapy 4%
[Slide 4]
DeLLphi-304 extended follow-up conclusions
The 23-month long-term follow-up of the phase 3 DeLLphi-304 trial demonstrated durable clinical benefit with tarlatamab vs chemotherapy including:
• Sustained survival benefit with 38% lower risk of death and 31% lower risk of disease progression or death
• Landmark 2-year overall survival at 30% for tarlatamab vs 15% for chemotherapy
• Durable responses with sustained disease control of ≥ 52 weeks at 24% for tarlatamab vs 4% for chemotherapy
• Favorable safety profile with long-term tolerability and no new safety signals
Extended follow-up confirms durable clinical benefit and favorable long-term tolerability, reinforcing tarlatamab as the standard of care after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy
Charles M. Rudin, MD, PhD | Tarlatamab in Previously Treated SCLC: Extended Follow-up From the Phase 3 DeLLphi-304 Trial
10
1) Slide: DLL3 in SCLC: tarlatamab BiTE vs DLL3 radioligands (ABD-147, MP0712) - Maria · 2) Slide: FAP radioligands: LuMIERE (177Lu-FAP-2286) and FRONTIER (177Lu-PNT6555) - Maria · 3) Slide: Regulatory challenge: authorization of 225Ac therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals in Spain · 4) Slide: Radioligands take-home messages - Maria Rodriguez-Ruiz, Updates on radioligands
☢️ #ESMO26 | Radioligands are moving well beyond PSMA & SSTR!
🎯 New targets: DLL3, FAP, CAIX…
▪️Think ADC architecture, but swap the payload for a radionuclide
⚠️ Biggest ceiling? Manufacturing, dosimetry & regulation
The biology is exciting, now logistics need to stop being radioactive….
@OncoAlert @OncoReporte @myESMO @_SEOM
[Slide 1]
CHAIRS: EILEEN PARKES, TIMOTHY ANTHONY YAP
INTRODUCTION | LANDSCAPE | CHALLENGES | TAKE HOME MESSAGES
DLL3: parallel to your BiTE story in SCLC
CD3
T Cell
TCE Bispecific Antibody
Cancer Cell Killing
Cancer Cell
Target Antigen
DSB
SSB
Chelator
Targeting molecule
Linker
Target protein
α emitter
Cancer cell
Radiopharmaceutical
Abscopal effect
Primary targeted tumour
Secondary untreated tumour
The immune system activation
Bispecific T-cell engager
Tarlatamab
First-in-class DLL3-directed BiTE. FDA approved in extensive-stage SCLC after platinum progression (DeLLphi-301). Phase III DeLLphi-304 met OS endpoint.
Radioligand
ABD-147 (225Ac) · MP0712 (212Pb)
■ ABD-147 (Abdera): antibody + 225Ac · phase I active
■ MP0712 (Molecular Partners/Orano): DARPin + 212Pb · phase I first-in-human dosing (ASCO/SNMMI 2026)
■ Anti-DLL3 IgG4 antibodies for 89Zr imaging + 177Lu therapy (PNAS 2026)
Maria Rodríguez-Ruiz
Updates on radioligands
[Slide 2]
CHAIRS: EILEEN PARKES, TIMOTHY ANTHONY YAP
INTRODUCTION | LANDSCAPE | CHALLENGES | TAKE HOME MESSAGES
FAP: the stroma as target
LuMIERE
[177Lu]Lu-FAP-2286
First prospective trial of a FAP radioligand
Design Phase 1/2 dose escalation, 3.7–7.4 GBq
Patients 11 pretreated; colorectal, pancreatic, others
Result 1 partial response, 1 stable disease (interim)
Tumor cell
Cancer-associated fibroblast
Inflammatory or immune cell
Extracellular matrix
Cytokine
Peptidase
Exosomes or microvesicles
FRONTIER
[177Lu]Lu-PNT6555
Phase 1 with whole-body dosimetry
Design Dose escalation, 4–12 GBq, up to 6 cycles
Patients 10 treated: pancreatic, colorectal, sarcoma...
Result Mean tumor dose 0.16 Gy/GBq (range 0.02–0.45)
FAP is promising, but PET uptake is not enough
Maria Rodríguez-Ruiz
Updates on radioligands
[Slide 3]
CHAIRS: EILEEN PARKES, TIMOTHY ANTHONY YAP
INTRODUCTION | LANDSCAPE | CHALLENGES | TAKE HOME MESSAGES
4
“Authorization for access to new therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.”
The issue of authorization for the use of 225Ac by the...
CSN CONSEJO DE SEGURIDAD NUCLEAR
• For therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, authorization is not granted by radionuclide, but by radiopharmaceutical.
• Biodistribution data must be provided (Circular 2/2024; CSN/C/DPR/TGE/24/28)
SOLUTION FOR CLINICAL TRIALS:
• If pharmaceutical companies submit biodistribution data to the CSN, each center may follow an approved protocol.”(art. 113 RD1217/2024)
Maria Rodríguez-Ruiz
Updates on radioligands
[Slide 4]
CHAIRS: EILEEN PARKES, TIMOTHY ANTHONY YAP
INTRODUCTION | LANDSCAPE | CHALLENGES | TAKE HOME MESSAGES
1 Radioligand ≈ ADC in architecture
Change the payload — crossfire and theranostic pair appear. The ceiling moves.
2 Beyond PSMA and SSTR, the field is broader than it looks
FAP, DLL3, hCA IX, hematologic, pediatric — at least ten target families with active trials.
3 Manufacturing and regulation are the ceiling
Immuno combinations work by design, not by rationale. The girentuximab CRL is a structural warning
Maria Rodríguez-Ruiz
Updates on radioligands
1) Trial design schema: Presented conference study design slide (ASCO25) · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS: tarlatamab vs chemotherapy — ASCO 2025, Charles · 3) Response data: responses and duration of response — ASCO 2025, Charles M. Rudin · 4) Kaplan-Meier survival data: met primary endpoint: OS tarlatamab vs chemotherapy
Tarlatamab in previously treated SCLC: extended OS follow-up from DeLLphi-304, featured in a Proffered Paper Session at #ESMO26.
Primary analysis: median OS 13.6 vs 8.3 months with chemotherapy (HR 0.60).
@Larvol @myESMO @OncoAlert https://t.co/3sDJHIG4FX
1) Trial design schema: phase 3 study design: tarlatamab vs chemotherapy in previously · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: primary analysis overall survival curve
DeLLphi 304 update; extended FU of 23m; tantalising prospect of a landmark survival tail? mDOR 7.1m ; no new tox signals; #ESMO26 https://t.co/qHp3LVCbDs
1) Slide: Radioligand target-tumor matrix beyond prostate and NETs · 2) Slide: DLL3 targeting in SCLC: tarlatamab BiTE vs DLL3 radioligands · 3) Slide: Availability of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and logistical challenges
Comprehensive review on radioligand therapies ☢️ by Maria Rodrìguez-Ruiz during the New targets and strategies session at #ESMO26
#ESMOAmbassadors @myESMO https://t.co/hPuwqjnFNT
Simplified COCOON Regimen for Derm Prophylaxis and Management1
COCOON
1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
Presented at ESMO 2026
PROPHYLAXIS Start on Day 1 of treatment to reduce the risk of developing dermatologic AEs
1 START PROPHYLAXIS ON DAY 1 OF AMIVANTAMAB + LAZERTINIB
ORAL TETRACYCLINE
Doxycycline or minocycline
100 mg by mouth twice daily
Weeks 1–12
CERAMIDE-BASED MOISTURIZER
Apply to face and body
At least once daily
Weeks 1+
CONCOMITANT / EARLY INTERVENTION Begin site-directed treatment at first onset of grade 1 dermatologic AEs, as clinically indicated
2 IF A DERMATOLOGIC AE EMERGES
FACE / BODY
Corticosteroids2
Tailor to location and severity
Topical ruxolitinib cream or tacrolimusa
SCALPb
Clobetasol 0.05% shampoo2
3 times weekly
Propranolol 10 mg
By mouth once daily until resolution
PARONYCHIAb
Timolol 0.5% solution2
Apply twice daily
Chlorhexidine 4% solution2
Apply once daily
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Escalate care based on severity/persistence, consider early dermatology referral, and see amivantamab label for dose modifications
Oral zinc gluconate and extended tetracycline treatment were also evaluated in COCOON, but clinical benefit has not been established.
aInvestigational treatment under evaluation in COCOON. bCombination regimen under investigation in COCOON.
1. Figure adapted from Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517–1530. 2. Nikolaou V, et al. Lung Cancer. 2026;213:108950. 3. RYBREVANT® (amivantamab-vmjw) injection for intravenous use [package insert]. Janssen Biotech, Inc.; 2025.
‘New’ COCOON:
Reducing adverse events with Amivantamab/Lazertinib
👉 Simplified skin care regimen (x6m oral tetracycline, ceramide cream, oral zinc)
👉 Step up dosing: Lazer x4wks BEFORE Ami starts
✅ Combined approach reduces all grade dermatological adverse events (HR 0.31) @ 3m
✅ No Gr2+ cutaneous adverse events @ 4m
✅ Gr2+ scalp AE just 3%
🤔 I have no problem starting Lazer 1 month before Ami, if it makes combination much more tolerable. (With FLAURA2 we already start Osimertinib before chemo, whilst we wait for chemotherapy unit slot)
🤔 Need PFS data to make sure new COCOON does not impact on efficacy, but I doubt it will
🤔 Pragmatic way make this regimen easier, which is needed because it is challenging
#ESMO26 #LCSM
[Corner logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
Conclusions
• Simplified dermatologic prophylaxis along with 1L SC amivantamab + lazertinib achieved a similar reduction in grade ≥2 dermatologic AEs as the full COCOON regimen, supporting a streamlined approach that may reduce treatment burden while maintaining patient benefit
• Lazertinib lead-in for 1 cycle prior to 1L SC amivantamab + lazertinib further reduced early dermatologic AEs, suggesting that flexible treatment initiation may also lead to an improved safety profile
• Outcomes in the COCOON study will continue to be evaluated as data mature
Overall, these findings support a simplified and flexible regimen to help patients remain on treatment, potentially maximizing the long-term survival benefit of 1L amivantamab + lazertinib
1L, first-line; SC, subcutaneous.
1) Slide: Livestream capture of presented regimen slide · 2) Slide: Livestream capture of presented conclusions slide · 3) Slide: Livestream capture of presented primary endpoint chart · 4) Slide: Livestream capture of baseline characteristics table
@myesmo #ESMO26 #lung 🫁 #rapidorals on going! #BCCho from @yonsei_u presented on modified run-in strategies in improving prevention of cutaneous s/e in Ami_Laz with new #COCOON regimen. #LCSM #drugdevelopment #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/rmXZFAGLet
[Slide 1]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Simplified COCOON Regimen for Derm Prophylaxis and Management(1)
[COCOON logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC Presented at ESMO 2026
PROPHYLAXIS: Start on Day 1 of treatment to reduce the risk of developing dermatologic AEs
1 START PROPHYLAXIS ON DAY 1 OF AMIVANTAMAB + LAZERTINIB
ORAL TETRACYCLINE: Doxycycline or minocycline, 100 mg by mouth twice daily - Weeks 1-12
CERAMIDE-BASED MOISTURIZER: Apply to face and body, At least once daily - Weeks 1+
CONCOMITANT / EARLY INTERVENTION: Begin site-directed treatment at first onset of grade 1 dermatologic AEs, as clinically indicated
2 IF A DERMATOLOGIC AE EMERGES
FACE / BODY: Corticosteroids(2), Tailor to location and severity; Topical ruxolitinib cream or tacrolimus(a)
SCALP(b): Clobetasol 0.05% shampoo(2), 3 times weekly; Propranolol 10 mg, By mouth once daily until resolution
PARONYCHIA(b): Timolol 0.5% solution(2), Apply twice daily; Chlorhexidine 4% solution(2), Apply once daily
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: Escalate care based on severity/persistence, consider early dermatology referral, and see amivantamab label for dose modifications
Oral zinc gluconate and extended tetracycline treatment were also evaluated in COCOON, but clinical benefit has not been established.
(a)Investigational treatment under evaluation in COCOON. (b)Combination regimen under investigation in COCOON.
1. Figure adapted from Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517-1530. 2. Nikolaou V, et al. Lung Cancer. 2026;213:108950. 3. RYBREVANT® (amivantamab-vmjw) injection for intravenous use [package insert]. Janssen Biotech, Inc.; 2025
[Speaker video panel] Byoung Chul Cho - Improving prevention of moderate to severe dermatologic adverse events in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC treated with first-line (1L) subcutaneous (SC) amivantamab + lazertinib: First results from a new COCOON cohort
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 2]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Conclusions
[COCOON logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
• Simplified dermatologic prophylaxis along with 1L SC amivantamab + lazertinib achieved a similar reduction in grade ≥2 dermatologic AEs as the full COCOON regimen, supporting a streamlined approach that may reduce treatment burden while maintaining patient benefit
• Lazertinib lead-in for 1 cycle prior to 1L SC amivantamab + lazertinib further reduced early dermatologic AEs, suggesting that flexible treatment initiation may also lead to an improved safety profile
• Outcomes in the COCOON study will continue to be evaluated as data mature
Overall, these findings support a simplified and flexible regimen to help patients remain on treatment, potentially maximizing the long-term survival benefit of 1L amivantamab + lazertinib
1L, first-line; SC, subcutaneous
[Speaker video panel] Byoung Chul Cho - Improving prevention of moderate to severe dermatologic adverse events in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC treated with first-line (1L) subcutaneous (SC) amivantamab + lazertinib: First results from a new COCOON cohort
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 3]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Primary Endpoint: Grade ≥2 Dermatologic AEs by Week 12
[COCOON logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
Y-axis: Participants with dermatologic AEs (%)
Main COCOON study(1) (IV amivantamab + lazertinib)
OR, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.13-0.45) P<0.0001
SoC DM (n=100): 75% total (68% grade 2; 7% grade >2)
COCOON DM (n=99): 42% total (36% grade 2; 6% grade >2)
SC amivantamab + simplified dermatologic prophylaxis
OR, 0.31 (95% CI, 0.11-0.87) Nominal P=0.0264
Standard schedule (n=70): 39% total (36% grade 2; 3% grade >2)
Laz lead-in (n=34): 18%
Legend: Grade 2; Grade >2
• Dermatologic prophylaxis has previously been shown to reduce dermatologic AEs by Week 12(1)
• Simplified prophylaxis is associated with a similar reduction in dermatologic AEs as the full COCOON DM regimen
• Lazertinib lead-in prior to starting amivantamab + lazertinib at Cycle 2 further reduced early dermatologic AEs(a)
(a)In a preliminary analysis, investigator-assessed overall response rates were consistent between standard and lazertinib lead-in cohorts (71% vs 70%)
DM, dermatologic management; IV, intravenous; laz, lazertinib; OR, odds ratio; SC, subcutaneous; SoC, standard of care.
1. Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517-1530.
[Speaker video panel] Byoung Chul Cho - Improving prevention of moderate to severe dermatologic adverse events in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC treated with first-line (1L) subcutaneous (SC) amivantamab + lazertinib: First results from a new COCOON cohort
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 4]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Demographic and Baseline Disease Characteristics
[COCOON logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
Characteristic, n (%) | Main COCOON study (n=199)(1) (IV amivantamab + lazertinib): SoC DM (n=100) | COCOON DM (n=99) | SC amivantamab + simplified dermatologic prophylaxis (n=104): Standard schedule (n=70) Median (range) follow-up, 8.1 (1.0-9.7) months | Laz lead-in (n=34) Median (range) follow-up, 5.5 (1.6-6.0) months
Median age (range), y | 62.5 (28-83) | 63 (34-80) | 63 (35-87) | 66 (36-81)
Female | 57 (57) | 61 (62) | 46 (66) | 21 (62)
Race(a)
Asian | 65 (65) | 66 (67) | 47 (67) | 28 (82)
White | 32 (32) | 32 (32) | 22 (31) | 5 (15)
Black or African American | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3)
Multiple | 2 (2) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0
ECOG PS score of 1 | 55 (55) | 59 (60) | 43 (61) | 27 (79)
History of brain metastases | 43 (43) | 32 (32) | 21 (30) | 16 (47)
History of smoking | 33 (33) | 34 (34) | 13 (19) | 10 (29)
Histologic type(b)
Adenocarcinoma | 97 (97) | 94 (95) | 70 (100) | 33 (97)
Squamous cell carcinoma | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 0 | 1 (3)
Large cell carcinoma | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 0
Mutation type
Ex19del | 54 (54) | 50 (51) | 41 (59) | 14 (41)
L858R | 46 (46) | 49 (49) | 29 (41) | 20 (59)
Clinical cutoff: September 1, 2026. (a)One participant in the COCOON DM cohort self-reported their race as American Indian or Alaska Native. (b)For 2 participants in the COCOON DM cohort and 1 participant in the SoC DM cohort, histologic type was reported as "Other".
DM, dermatologic management; IV, intravenous; laz, lazertinib; SC, subcutaneous; SoC, standard of care
1. Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517-1530
[Speaker video panel] Byoung Chul Cho - Improving prevention of moderate to severe dermatologic adverse events in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC treated with first-line (1L) subcutaneous (SC) amivantamab + lazertinib: First results from a new COCOON cohort
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
🦋 Making amivantamab + lazertinib safer: new COCOON data at #ESMO26!
New results from the COCOON study suggest that simplified dermatologic prophylaxis, combined with subcutaneous amivantamab + lazertinib, may substantially reduce treatment-related skin toxicity in first-line EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Key findings:Grade ≥2 dermatologic AEs: 39% with standard initiation vs 18% with a one-cycle lazertinib lead-in. Simplified prophylaxis appears to provide protection comparable to the original COCOON regimen. Sc markedly reduces IRR reactions.The new cohorts were non-randomized, and the comparison between initiation strategies was exploratory.
Personal take: No doubt about less ami less tox. Question is if efficacy remains the same in the era of Flaura2?!
#ESMOAmbassador #ESMO26 #LungCancer #NSCLC #EGFR #COCOON #Oncology #CancerResearch
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Background
[COCOON logo] COCOON 1L ami + laz in EGFR+ NSCLC
• In MARIPOSA, IV amivantamab + lazertinib significantly improved OS versus osimertinib in 1L common EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC (HR, 0.75; P=0.005), but was associated with dermatologic AEs, including rash and paronychia, commonly occurring early in treatment and leading to discontinuations(1)
• In the phase 2 COCOON study (NCT06120140), enhanced dermatologic management(a) with 1L IV amivantamab + lazertinib significantly reduced grade ≥2 dermatologic AEs during the first 12 weeks versus standard dermatologic care in participants with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC(2)
• We further evaluated a simplified dermatologic prophylaxis regimen in combination with SC amivantamab, which was previously shown to improve overall treatment experience and help patients stay on treatment longer(3-5)
Here we report the first results from 2 new COCOON cohorts using a simplified dermatologic prophylaxis regimen in participants receiving 1L SC amivantamab(b) + lazertinib
(a)Oral tetracycline for 12 weeks, ceramide-based moisturizer, topical clindamycin, chlorhexidine (b)Co-formulated with recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20
1L, first-line; HR, hazard ratio; IV, intravenous; SC, subcutaneous
1. Yang JCH, et al. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(17):1681-1693. 2. Cho BC, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(10):1517-1530. 3. Leighl NB, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42:3593-3605. 4. Alexander MA, et al. Eur J Cancer. 2025;227:115624. 5. Halmos B. Presented at World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) 2026, September 12-15, 2026; Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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1) Trial design schema: study design: serplulimab vs atezolizumab plus · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival and subgroup forest plot, serplulimab · 3) Response data: secondary endpoints by BICR: PFS, best overall response, ORR and DOR · 4) Safety data: safety and tolerability: TEAEs and most common TEAEs, serplulimab
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥ASTRIDE: Randomized Trial of Serplulimab or Atezolizumab Plus Chemotherapy in USA Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
🎙️ @drgandara
🔢3809O
🎯Serplulimab Numerically Longer OS vs Atezolizumab
🎯mOS 12.4 vs 10.2m, HR 0.82; 24-Mo OS 32.2% vs 17.6%
☑️NCT05468489
🔗 https://t.co/grEfaUchKN
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
ASTRIDE study design
Between 2022 and 2025, a total of 201 patients were enrolled at 70 study sites across the United States.
Key eligibility criteria:
• Age ≥18 years;
• Performance status 0/1;
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed ES-SCLC;
• No prior systemic therapy for ES-SCLC (Patients who have received one cycle of chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ES-SCLC are eligible);
• Measurable disease as assessed by BICR per RECIST v1.1.
N = 201
R 1:1
IV, Q3W, up to 4 cycles
Serplulimab (300 mg, D1) + carboplatin (AUC 5, D1)^a + etoposide (100 mg/m², D1–3)
Atezolizumab (1200 mg, D1) + carboplatin (AUC 5, D1)^a + etoposide (100 mg/m², D1–3)
IV, Q3W^b
Serplulimab (300 mg, D1)
Atezolizumab (1200 mg, D1)
Descriptive Statistical Analysis: Primary endpoint: Overall survival
Secondary endpoints: PFS, ORR, DOR, safety, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, quality of life, exploratory biomarker analysis.
^a Up to 750 mg. ^b Until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, discontinuation decided by the participant or the investigator, death, withdrawal of informed consent, pregnancy, noncompliance with protocol or procedure requirements, administrative reasons, or other protocol-specified reasons, whichever occurred first.
AUC, area under the curve; BICR, blinded independent central review; D, day; DOR, duration of response; ES-SCLC, extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer; IV, intravenous; ORR, objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival; Q3W, every 3 weeks; R, randomization; RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
[Slide 2]
Efficacy: OS and subgroup analysis
Median OS (95% CI), months | Events, n (%)
Serplulimab group 12.4 (9.0–17.9) 50 (49.5)
Atezolizumab group 10.2 (8.4–13.2) 58 (58.0)
Hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.82 (0.56–1.20)
1-year OS rate (95% CI)
52.4% (40.8%–62.7%)
41.4% (30.2%–52.3%)
2-year OS rate (95% CI)
32.2% (20.1%–44.9%)
17.6% (8.1%–30.0%)
Overall survival (%)
Time since randomization (months)
No. at risk (No. censored)
Subgroup | Serplulimab (Events/Patients) | Atezolizumab (Events/Patients) | HR for death (95% CI)
Age
<65 years 18/39 19/37 1.03 (0.54–1.97)
≥65 years 32/62 39/63 0.70 (0.44–1.13)
Sex
Female 26/55 26/47 0.79 (0.46–1.36)
Male 24/46 32/53 0.87 (0.51–1.49)
Performance status
0 12/30 8/23 0.92 (0.37–2.29)
1 38/70 49/76 0.89 (0.58–1.36)
≥2 0/1 1/1 NE
Race
American Indian or Alaska native 3/3 0/0 NE
Asian American 1/2 1/4 NE
Black or African American 0/2 4/8 NE
White 46/94 53/88 0.78 (0.52–1.16)
Smoking history
Current 20/35 17/28 0.78 (0.41–1.51)
Former 28/62 41/69 0.71 (0.44–1.16)
Never 2/4 0/3 NE
Liver metastasis
Yes 33/50 27/40 0.85 (0.51–1.42)
No 17/51 31/60 0.60 (0.33–1.09)
Brain metastasis
Yes 4/15 7/14 0.67 (0.20–2.31)
No 46/86 51/86 0.83 (0.55–1.24)
1st cycle chemotherapy
Yes 9/19 12/24 1.16 (0.49–2.75)
No 41/82 46/76 0.77 (0.50–1.17)
Favors serplulimab Favors atezolizumab
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; NE, not evaluable; No., number; OS, overall survival.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (primary, descriptive)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Serplulimab + carboplatin/etoposide | 101 | 12.4 | 9.0–17.9
Atezolizumab + carboplatin/etoposide | 100 | 10.2 | 8.4–13.2
HR: 0.82
HR CI: 0.56–1.20
1-year OS 52.4% (40.8–62.7) vs 41.4% (30.2–52.3)
2-year OS 32.2% (20.1–44.9) vs 17.6% (8.1–30.0)
[Slide 3]
Efficacy: Secondary endpoints assessed by BICR
Serplulimab (n = 99)^a | Atezolizumab (n = 100)
PFS^b, median (95% CI), months 5.4 (4.5–5.8) | 4.9 (4.2–5.6)
HR (95% CI) 0.95 (0.67–1.35)
Best overall response^c, n (%)
Complete response 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0)
Partial response 64 (64.6) | 66 (66.0)
Stable disease 25 (25.3) | 21 (21.0)
Progressive disease 3 (3.0) | 6 (6.0)
Not evaluable^d 6 (6.1) | 6 (6.0)
ORR^c (95% CI), % 65.7 (55.4–74.9) | 67.0 (56.9–76.1)
DOR^c, median (95% CI), months 4.2 (4.1–5.6) | 4.0 (3.1–4.5)
HR (95% CI) 0.95 (0.62–1.47)
^a Patients who did not receive study treatment were excluded from the secondary endpoint analyses. ^b According to BICR assessments per RECIST v1.1. ^c Based on confirmed tumor responses according to BICR assessments per RECIST v1.1. ^d These patients did not have post-treatment tumor assessment, except for one patient in the atezolizumab group with a non-evaluable target lesion at post-treatment tumor assessment.
BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; DOR, duration of response;; HR, hazard ratio; ORR, objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
[Slide 4]
Safety and tolerability
Serplulimab (n = 99) | Atezolizumab (n = 100)
TEAE 97 (98.0) | 99 (99.0)
Grade ≥3 73 (73.7) | 73 (73.0)
Serious 44 (44.4) | 46 (46.0)
Leading to Tx interruption 54 (54.5) | 51 (51.0)
Leading to Tx discontinuation 16 (16.2) | 12 (12.0)
Leading to death 9 (9.1) | 8 (8.0)
TEAEs related to serplulimab or atezolizumab 63 (63.6) | 68 (68.0)
Grade ≥3 20 (20.2) | 25 (25.0)
Serious 9 (9.1) | 7 (7.0)
Leading to Tx interruption 22 (22.2) | 22 (22.0)
Leading to Tx discontinuation 5 (5.1) | 4 (4.0)
Leading to death^a 2 (2.0) | 2 (2.0)
Adverse event of special interest 23 (23.2) | 23 (23.0)
Infusion-related reaction 4 (4.0) | 3 (3.0)
Immune-related adverse event 21 (21.2) | 23 (23.0)
Most common TEAEs (incidence ≥15% in either group)
Serplulimab Atezolizumab
Anemia
Nausea
Fatigue
Neutrophil count decreased
Alopecia
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Constipation
Hypokalemia
Platelet count decreased
Arthralgia
Dyspnea
Decreased appetite
Headache
Atezolizumab, Grade 1–2
Atezolizumab, Grade 3–4
Serplulimab, Grade 1–2
Serplulimab, Grade 3–4
Incidence (%)
^a One patient in the serplulimab had respiratory failure and septic shock, and the other one had respiratory failure. One patient in the atezolizumab group had colitis and septic shock, and the other one had myocarditis.
TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event; Tx, treatment
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
Slide: conclusions: serplulimab vs atezolizumab plus chemotherapy OS in ES-SCLC
Congrats to @drgandara on presenting ASTRIDE at #ESMO26!
Randomized bridging trial in US pts with ES-SCLC: serplulimab vs atezolizumab + chemo
-mOS 12.4 vs 10.2 mo (HR 0.82)
-24-mo OS 32.2% vs 17.6%
-Similar safety
Supports ASTRUM-005 findings in US pts @myESMO @isliquidbiopsy https://t.co/QqD3ZuWlsD
Conclusions
• In the ASTRIDE trial, compared with atezolizumab, serplulimab was associated with
➢ numerically longer median OS
✓ ITT population: 12.4 versus 10.2 months, HR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.56–1.20
✓ No 1st cycle chemotherapy: 13.4 versus 10.8 months, HR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.50–1.17
➢ similar PFS, ORR, DOR outcomes
➢ similar safety profiles
Serplulimab-chemotherapy compared favorably with atezolizumab-chemotherapy, supporting the benefit of serplulimab and applicability of the ASTRUM-005 findings to the USA patients with treatment-naïve ES-SCLC.
CI, confidence interval. DOR, duration of response; ES-SCLC, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer; HR, hazard ratio; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
Baseline characteristics and subsequent cancer therapy
Data cutoff date: February 18, 2026; Median follow-up duration: 14.1 months
ITT population: 201 patients; Safety set: 199 patients
Serplulimab (n = 101) | Atezolizumab (n = 100)
Age, median (range), years | 68 (35–91) | 67 (40–82)
<65 years, n (%) | 39 (38.6) | 37 (37.0)
≥65 years, n (%) | 62 (61.4) | 63 (63.0)
Sex, n (%)
Female | 55 (54.5) | 47 (47.0)
Male | 46 (45.5) | 53 (53.0)
Performance status, n (%)
0 | 30 (29.7) | 23 (23.0)
1 | 70 (69.3) | 76 (76.0)
≥2a | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0)
Race, n (%)
American Indian or Alaska native | 3 (3.0) | 0
Asian | 2 (2.0) | 4 (4.0)
Black or African American | 2 (2.0) | 8 (8.0)
White | 94 (93.1) | 88 (88.0)
Sum of longest diameter of target lesions, median (range), mm | 109.0 (12.0–262.0) | 108.0 (17.0–273.0)
Smoking history, n (%)
Current | 35 (34.7) | 28 (28.0)
Former | 62 (61.4) | 69 (69.0)
Never | 4 (4.0) | 3 (3.0)
Metastatic disease, n (%) | 98 (97.0) | 98 (98.0)
Liver metastasis | 50 (49.5) | 40 (40.0)
Bone metastasis | 25 (24.8) | 28 (28.0)
Brain metastasis | 15 (14.9) | 14 (14.0)
Had 1st cycle of chemotherapy, n (%) | 19 (18.8) | 24 (24.0)
Subsequent cancer therapy, n (%) | 38 (37.6) | 45 (45.0)
Chemotherapy | 27 (26.7) | 24 (24.0)
Lurbinectedin | 22 (21.8) | 16 (16.0)
Immunotherapy | 16 (15.8) | 20 (20.0)
Tarlatamab | 13 (12.9) | 15 (15.0)
Radiotherapy | 21 (20.8) | 21 (21.0)
Targeted therapy | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0)
a The most recent performance status evaluations prior to the first dose of study treatment are presented. One patient in each group had performance status 1 at screening and 2 before the first dose of study treatment.
ES-SCLC, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
Slide: The global phase 3 ASTRUM-005 trial demonstrated survival benefits with serplulimab-chemotherapy
At #ESMO26, descriptive ASTRIDE results were presented from a U.S. first-line ES-SCLC study. It compared serplulimab + chemotherapy vs. atezolizumab + chemotherapy; no superiority/noninferiority test was planned. Serplulimab is investigational in the U.S.
https://t.co/bV3yWSs28T https://t.co/a3DC40okCU
Background
• The global phase 3 ASTRUM-005 trial demonstrated survival benefits with serplulimab-chemotherapy for treatment-naïve extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC)1.
• Confirmatory data for consistency of ASTRUM-005 findings in USA patients was required.
• Moreover, there is no prospective data directly comparing different immune checkpoint inhibitors in this setting.
Here we present the randomised ASTRIDE bridging trial, comparing serplulimab-chemotherapy versus atezolizumab-chemotherapy in USA patients with ES-SCLC.
USA, United States of America.
1. JAMA. 2022 Sep 27;328(12):1223-1232.
Presented by Dr. David R. Gandara
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
5 slide posts · 3 physiciansStopping vs continuing immunotherapy after 6 months of chemo-pembrolizumab with disease control · Stage IV NSCLC (Phase 2/3, NCT05255302, IFCT)All posts →
#ESMO26 Dr. @mihaela_aldea with a nuanced discussion on de-escalation strategies. Is 6 months truly enough? Can we personalize duration and build decisions around biomarkers? Is ctDNA helpful here? Very thoughtful comments. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/FB39tMq0Zk
[Slide 2]
Less = more ?
A - Continuation (N=47)
Not treated (N=2) - Disease evolution (n=1) - Toxicity (n=1)
A – Continuation - treated (N=45)
Study withdrawn (N=39) - Disease evolution (n=21, 53.8%) - 2-year treatment (n=12, 30.8%) - Toxicity (n=4, 10.[illegible]%) - Second cancer (n=1, 2.6%) - Death (n=1, 2.6%)
Treatment ongoing (N=6)
Subsequent treatment (N=22, 56.4%)
B - De-escalation (N=46)
Not treated (N=5) - Disease evolution (n=5)
B – De-escalation - treated (N=41)
Study withdrawn (N=30) - Disease evolution (n=28, 93.3%) - Death (n=1, 3.3%) - 2-year treatment (n=1, 3.3%)
Treatment ongoing (N=11)
Subsequent treatment (N=28, 93.3%)
Continuation: 12 patients completed 2 years
De-escalation: only 1 patient completed 2 years
Lower progression-free survival with de-escalation?
Less progression with continuation? Subsequent treatment 56.4% vs 93.3%
4 toxicity withdrawals with continuation — per protocol
Mihaela Aldea, MD PhD
2618RO – Toffart AC, ESMO 2026
[Slide 3]
Re-treatment with pembrolizumab – STOP & GO ?
Keynote 189: median PFS 8.8 mo
A Progression-free Survival
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.52 (95% CI, 0.43–0.64) P<0.001
Between stopping at 6 months and the expected median progression-free survival, pembrolizumab is still present in the blood (half-life 23 days)
Pembrolizumab combination / Placebo combination
No. at Risk (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 months)
Pembrolizumab combination | 410 | 322 | 256 | 149 | 60 | 17 | 5 | 0
Placebo combination | 206 | 141 | 80 | 40 | 16 | 3 | 1 | 0
Should all patients who stop be rechallenged with ICI at progression?
Does stopping ICI have any detrimental effect for patients who had CR or PR?
Or for those with progression after ICI clearance ~ 4 mo ?
Mihaela Aldea, MD PhD
Gandhi L, NEJM 2018; Patil, Cancer Res Stat and Treat 2019
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (KEYNOTE-189, discussant reproduction)
Pembrolizumab combination | 410
Placebo combination | 206
HR: 0.52
HR CI: 0.43–0.64
P: P<0.001
[Slide 4]
Pragmatic or tailored de-escalation?
FIXED duration
2 years
the BOLD
6 months
IFCT-2103 DIAL trial
the CAUTIOUS
2 years + PET/CT guided stop
Frost N, Ann Oncol 2026
PET/CT at 2 years (n = 126)
Complete metabolic response (62%) → stop ICB
Residual metabolic activity (38%) → biopsy ± local ablative treatment
28% of re-biopsies = second primary lung cancers (immune-cold)
STOP & GO
Guided by deep molecular responses
Minimal residual disease (MRD) in leukemia
[MRD-over-time line plots; axis labels not transcribed]
Niemannn C, Blood Advances 2025
Are 2 years of ICI needed for all patients? Are 6 months enough for all patients?
Mihaela Aldea, MD PhD
Trial design schema: IFCT-2103 DIAL: conclusion of phase II and phase III accrual
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral II: #LCSM Mets
🔥IFCT-2103 DIAL: Analysis of the Phase 2 Part of a Phase 2-3 Randomized Trial, Comparing Continuation Pembrolizumab (± Pemetrexed) up to 2 Years Versus Observation (± Pemetrexed), in Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (mNSCLC) With Disease Control (DC) at 6 Months
🎙️Dr. Anne-Claire Toffart
🔢2618RO
🎯Similar 18-Mo OS With De-escalation (Observation) vs Continuation: 88.1% vs 83.3% (n=84)
🎯Lower irAEs With De-escalation (47.8% vs 85.1%)
🎯Phase 3 Accrual Ongoing
☑️NCT05255302
🔗 https://t.co/p4tFUd6NwV
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
IFCT
Conclusion of phase II
Shortening maintenance immunotherapy in stage IV NSCLC patients with 6-month disease control, after chemo-immunotherapy induction
■ was reassuring since associated with similar rates of 18-month, and 24-month OS, as compared with immunotherapy continuation
■ leading to numerically lower frequency of TRAEs
Based on this analysis, in December 2025, the Independent Data Monitoring Committee recommended to pursue the trial phase 3 part of which accrual is currently continuing (493/1250 patients)
ESMO 2026
IFCT 2103 DIAL; lovely and provocative ; after 6/12 chemo io….no difference between continuation and de-escalation arms….. #ESMO26 https://t.co/cI2LaUL7y5
Congrats to Prof. @ToffartC on his very clear presentation of the results from Phase 2 part of the IFCT-2103 DIAL trial (de-escalation of pembro at 6 months). There was no detrimental effect (OS) at 18 and 24 months (93 first randomized pts).. #ESMO26 https://t.co/NNqwyicOm6
IFCT Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique
IFCT-2103 DIAL
Analysis of the phase 2 part of IFCT-2103 DIAL phase 2-3 randomized trial, comparing continuation pembrolizumab up to 2 years versus observation, in metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients experiencing disease control at 6 months
A-C Toffart, C. Mascaux, B. Godbert, C. Guguen, J. Cadranel, M. Dewolf, D. Debieuvre, L. Bigay, A. Lemoine, E. Pons-Tostivint, J. Madelaine, L. Moreau, E. Giroux-Leprieur, T. Chatellier, C. Dayen, E. Amour, A. Langlais, F. Morin, A. Cortot, G. Zalcman
Sponsor/Funding: IFCT
NCT 05255302
25OCT2026
1) Slide: A practical classification of bispecific, trispecific and tetraspecific · 2) Slide: Bispecific ICI non-bridging - pumitamig plus chemo (Rosetta-Lung02) · 3) Slide: T-cell engagers classification - lessons from haematology and challenges
#ESMO26 Dr. @tnewsomdavis shows some of the clinical data of bispecifics, trispecifics, and T-cell engagers. Why bispecifics targeting PD(L)1 and VEGF can be upgrades. Why T-cell engagers can disrupt cancers in unique ways. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/UFRExITv1g
[Slide 2]
Global phase 2 in post-chemoimmunotherapy mNSCLC
ROSETTA LUNG-107
Key inclusion criteria
• 2L stage IV NSCLC after PD on chemoimmunotherapy^a
• Measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• PD-L1 all-comers
Key exclusion criteria
• Prior anti-VEGF mAb or PD-(L)1/VEGF bsAb
• Significant risk of hemorrhage
Part 1: Safety run-in
Part 1A N = 3: Pumitamig 1400 mg Q3W (IV) + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
Part 1B N = 3: Pumitamig 2000 mg Q3W (IV) + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
IRC safety evaluation
Part 2: Dose expansion N = 53^b: Pumitamig 1400 mg Q3W (IV)^c + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
Key endpoints
Primary:
• DLTs (Part 1), safety (TEAEs, SAEs, AESIs), ORR (per investigator)
Secondary:
• DCR, DOR, depth of response, TTR, PFS per RECIST v1.1, OS, PK, ADA prevalence
Data cutoff: July 10, 2026
Median follow-up: 12.2 weeks (range, 0.1–41.3)^d
Clinical trials identifier: NCT06841055
Enrollment (final): N = 59^b
Location: Global (Australia, Republic of Korea, Spain, Türkiye, United Kingdom, United States)
Status: Active, fully enrolled
^aPatients with AGAs were required to have received 1L immunotherapy in combination with targeted therapy to be eligible. ^bSix patients were enrolled after data cutoff. ^cPumitamig was administered at 1400 mg as recommended by the IRC based on the totality of evidence from Part 1 and the pumitamig lung program; patients were treated until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, patient withdrawal, death, trial termination, or a 2-year limit (whichever occurs first). ^dThe median follow-up reflects a pause in enrolment for a pre-specified futility analysis conducted after the first 22 patients were enrolled at the pumitamig 1400 mg dose level, with longer follow-up among these patients.
[Slide 3]
Safety summary and TRAEs in the overall population
ROSETTA LUNG-107
Safety summary | Pumitamig 1400 mg + docetaxel (N = 50)
Any TEAE, n (%) | 47 (94)
Grade ≥3 | 28 (56)
Any TRAE, n (%)^a | 26 (52)
Grade ≥3 | 9 (18)
Serious TEAE (%) | 18 (36)
Serious TRAE, n (%)^a | 3 (6)
TRAE leading to treatment interruption, n (%)^a | 9 (18)
TRAE leading to discontinuation of treatment, n (%)^a | 4 (8)
TRAE leading to death, n (%)^a | 0
VEGF-related events, n (%) | 13 (26)
Grade ≥3 | 2 (4)^b
Hemorrhage events, n (%) | 8 (16)^c
Grade ≥3 | 0
irAE, n (%) | 11 (22)
Grade ≥3 | 5 (10)^d
TRAEs occurring in ≥5% of patients^a (Patients, % (n); Any grade / Grade ≥3)
Stomatitis | 10% (5)
Infusion-related reaction | 10% (5) / 4% (2)
AST increased | 8% (4) / 4% (2)
Diarrhea | 8% (4)
Epistaxis | 6% (3)
Asthenia | 6% (3) / 2% (1)
Anemia | 6% (3)
ALT increased | 6% (3) / 2% (1)
The safety profile was manageable. All bleeding events were grade 1, and there were no grade ≥3 hypertension/proteinuria events. The rate of discontinuation was low, and no DLTs were reported
^aTRAEs related to pumitamig. ^bBoth events were grade 3: colovesical fistula (n = 1) and pulmonary embolism (n = 1). ^cAll events were grade 1: epistaxis (n = 5), hemoptysis (n = 3), hematochezia (n = 1), hematuria (n = 1), hemorrhoidal hemorrhage (n = 1), and rectal hemorrhage (n = 1). ^dGrade 3 hepatitis (n = 2), grade 3 pruritus (n = 1), grade 4 colitis (n = 1), and grade 4 pneumonitis (n = 1); no grade 5 irAEs were reported.
[Slide 4]
Efficacy: BOR in the response-evaluable population^a
ROSETTA LUNG-107
[Waterfall plot: Depth of response (%), bars colored by cBOR (PR, SD, PD, NE) with PD-L1 TPS strip (<1%, 1%–49%, ≥50%)]
[Spider plot: Percent change in tumor size from baseline vs Overall treatment duration (weeks); NE, PD, SD, PR, On Treatment]
Encouraging responses were observed across PD-L1 levels and appeared to be durable
^aResponse-evaluable patients had ≥2 post-baseline tumor assessments or 1 assessment followed by PD, death, or study discontinuation.
LBA76 - A global phase 2, open-label trial of pumitamig (PD-L1 × VEGF-A bsAb) + docetaxel post-chemoimmunotherapy in mNSCLC: First data from ROSETTA Lung-107
Speakers Byoung Chul Cho (Seoul, Republic of Korea)
Lecture Time 08:30 - 08:35
Abstract
Background
Pumitamig (BNT327/BMS986545) is an investigational bsAb designed to target both PD-L1 and VEGF-A within the tumor and TME with a single molecule. This dual blockade is hypothesized to boost antitumor immunity and improve clinical outcomes. We report initial efficacy and safety of pumitamig + docetaxel post-chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) in patients with mNSCLC.
Methods
ROSETTA Lung-107 is a global, open-label, single-arm phase 2 trial in patients with stage IV NSCLC who received 1L CIT, had measurable disease (RECIST v1.1), and ECOG PS ≤1. In Part 1 (safety run-in/dose escalation), patients received pumitamig 1400 (n=3) or 2000 mg (n=3; not shown) + docetaxel Q3W. In Part 2 (dose expansion), patients received pumitamig 1400 mg + docetaxel Q3W. Primary endpoints were DLTs (Part 1 only), safety, and ORR. Secondary endpoints included DCR and PFS.
Results
At data cutoff (July 10, 2026), 50 patients had received pumitamig 1400 mg + docetaxel in Part 1 and 2, and 33 remained on treatment. Median follow-up was 12.2 wk (0.1–41.3). Median age was 67.0 y (34–83), 70.0% were male, 26.0% had squamous histology, and 66.0% had ECOG PS 1. Encouraging responses were observed in response-evaluable patients (n=30) across PD-L1 levels (Table); median TTR was 1.4 mo (1.2–6.1). Median PFS was 6.9 mo (4.2–NR). In the safety analysis set (n=50), any-grade pumitamig-related TRAEs occurred in 52.0% of patients (Gr ≥3 18.0%). Pumitamig-related TRAEs led to discontinuation in 8.0%. Immune-mediated AEs occurred in 30.0% (Gr ≥3 14.0%) and VEGF-related events in 26.0% (Gr ≥3 4.0%). Hemorrhage/bleeding events occurred in 16.0% (all Gr 1/2). No DLTs were reported.
Table: LBA76
| Overall (N=30) | PD-L1 TPS <1% (n=7) | PD-L1 TPS 1–49% (n=18) | PD-L1 TPS ≥50% (n=5)
Confirmed
ORR, n (%) | 11 (36.7) | 3 (42.9) | 6 (33.3) | 2 (40.0)
DCR, n (%) | 27 (90.0) | 6 (85.7) | 17 (94.4) | 4 (80.0)
BOR, n (%) | 11 (36.7) | 3 (42.9) | 6 (33.3) |
PR | 16 (53.3) | 3 (42.9) | 11 (61.1) | 2 (40.0)
SD | 2 (6.7) | 1 (14.3) | 0 | 2 (40.0)
PD | 1 (3.3) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 1 (20.0)
NE | | | | 0
Unconfirmed
ORR, n (%) | 13 (43.3) | 3 (42.9) | 8 (44.4) | 2 (40.0)
BOR, n (%) | | 3 (42.9) | 8 (44.4) | 2 (40.0)
PR | 13 (43.3) | 3 (42.9) | 9 (50.0) | 2 (40.0)
SD | 14 (46.7) | 1 (14.3) | 0 | 1 (20.0)
PD | 2 (6.7) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0
NE | 1 (3.3) | | |
Patients received pumitamig 1400 mg + docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W. Response-evaluable patients had ≥2 post-baseline tumor assessments or 1 assessment followed by PD, death, or study discontinuation.
Conclusions
Pumitamig + docetaxel showed encouraging antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile in patients with mNSCLC post-CIT. These data support further development of pumitamig in this setting and will inform pivotal study design.
1) Trial design schema: study design: pumitamig + docetaxel, post-chemoIO mNSCLC · 2) Response data: BOR table by PD-L1 TPS, ORR/DCR and early mPFS · 3) Trial design schema: CS2009 phase 1/2 NSCLC study design, five groups
[Slide 1]
Global phase 2 in post-chemoimmunotherapy mNSCLC
ROSETTA LUNG-107
Key inclusion criteria
• 2L stage IV NSCLC after PD on chemoimmunotherapy^a
• Measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• PD-L1 all-comers
Key exclusion criteria
• Prior anti-VEGF mAb or PD-(L)1/VEGF bsAb
• Significant risk of hemorrhage
Part 1: Safety run-in
Part 1A N = 3: Pumitamig 1400 mg Q3W (IV) + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
Part 1B N = 3: Pumitamig 2000 mg Q3W (IV) + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
IRC safety evaluation
Part 2: Dose expansion N = 53^b: Pumitamig 1400 mg Q3W (IV)^c + Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W (IV)
Key endpoints
Primary:
• DLTs (Part 1), safety (TEAEs, SAEs, AESIs), ORR (per investigator)
Secondary:
• DCR, DOR, depth of response, TTR, PFS per RECIST v1.1, OS, PK, ADA prevalence
Clinical trials identifier: NCT06841055
Enrollment (final): N = 59^b
Location: Global (Australia, Republic of Korea, Spain, Türkiye, United Kingdom, United States)
Status: Active, fully enrolled
Data cutoff: July 10, 2026
Median follow-up: 12.2 weeks (range, 0.1–41.3)^d
^aPatients with AGAs were required to have received 1L immunotherapy in combination with [illegible — cut off]
[Slide 2]
Efficacy: BOR in the response-evaluable population^a
ROSETTA LUNG-107
| Pumitamig 1400 mg + docetaxel^a (N = 30) | TPS <1% (n = 7) | TPS 1%–49% (n = 18) | TPS ≥50% (n = 5)
cORR, n (%) [95% CI] | 11 (36.7) [19.9–56.1] | 3 (42.9) [9.9–81.6] | 6 (33.3) [13.3–59.0] | 2 (40.0) [5.3–85.3]
uORR, n (%) | 13 (43.3) | 3 (42.9) | 8 (44.4) | 2 (40.0)
cDCR, n (%) | 27 (90.0) | 6 (85.7) | 17 (94.4) | 4 (80.0)
cBOR, n (%)
PR | 11 (36.7) | 3 (42.9) | 6 (33.3) | 2 (40.0)
SD | 16 (53.3) | 3 (42.9) | 11 (61.1) | 2 (40.0)
PD | 2 (6.7) | 1 (14.3) | 0 | 1 (20.0)
NE | 1 (3.3) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0
• Encouraging responses were observed across histologies
▪ SQ NSCLC (n = 7): cORR and uORR were 57.1%, with cDCR of 100%
▪ NSQ NSCLC (n = 23): cORR was 30.4% (uORR 39.1%), with cDCR of 87.0%
• Early mPFS (ITT) was 6.9 months (95% CI 4.2–NR)^b
▪ The 6-month PFS rate was 63.3% (95% CI 39.6–79.8)
Encouraging responses were observed across PD-L1 levels and histologies, with early PFS data showing a median of 6.9 months
^aResponse-evaluable patients had ≥2 post-baseline tumor assessments or 1 assessment followed by PD, death, or study discontinuation. ^bMedian follow-up: 12.2 weeks (range, 0.1–41.3).
[Slide 3]
Study Design
A Phase 1/2 study (NCT06741644) is ongoing to evaluate CS2009 as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across first-line and later-line settings.
Key Eligibility Criteria:
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IIIB/IIIC or IV NSCLC without known actionable oncogenic alteration
• ECOG PS 0–1
• At least one measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1
Endpoints: Safety, ORR per RECIST v1.1
Safety was assessed in all treated patients.
Efficacy was assessed in patients with at least one post-baseline tumor assessment per RECIST v1.1.
Group 1 (≥2L NSCLC monotherapy) Heavily pre-treated later-line NSCLC → CS2009 10 / 20 / 30 / 45 mg/kg, IV, Q3W
Group 2 (2/3L NSCLC combination) NSCLC pre-treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-(L)1 inhibitor → CS2009 20 / 30 mg/kg + docetaxel, IV, Q3W
Group 3 (1L NSCLC monotherapy) Treatment-naïve NSCLC, PD-L1 TPS ≥1% → CS2009 20 / 30 mg/kg, IV, Q3W
Group 4 (1L SQ NSCLC combination) Treatment-naïve squamous NSCLC → CS2009 20 / 30 mg/kg + paclitaxel + carboplatin, IV, Q3W, up to 4 cycles, followed by maintenance of CS2009
Group 5 (1L NSQ NSCLC combination) Treatment-naïve non-squamous NSCLC → CS2009 20 / 30 mg/kg + pemetrexed + carboplatin, IV, Q3W, up to 4 cycles, followed by maintenance of pemetrexed + CS2009
Treatment continued until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, consent withdrawal or death
Note: Demographic and safety data for Group 5 are presented. Efficacy data remain immature due to short follow-up and are not presented.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
LBA76
ROSETTA Lung-107
A global phase 2, open-label trial of pumitamig (PD-L1 × VEGF-A bsAb) + docetaxel post-chemoimmunotherapy in mNSCLC: first data from ROSETTA Lung-107
Byoung Chul Cho,1 Anja Williams, Ozgur Ozyilkan, Adnan Khattak, Gyeong-Won Lee, Oscar Juan-Vidal, Se-Hoon Lee, Peter Dickinson, Paul Shaw, Uchechukwu Dimkpa, Angus Lee, Ulug Gunaydin, Vikesh Patel, Aurora O'Brate, Ilhan Celik, Özlem Türeci, Ugur Sahin, Ernest Nadal
1Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Byoung Chul Cho
October 25, 2026
Full list of author affiliations can be seen on slide 13
1) Trial design schema: study design slide: EFS, ctDNA, and updated safety data · 2) Slide: conclusions slide (ESMO 2026 translational oral)
#ESMO26 Translational orals🔥
Superb results from ph II NEOCOAST2 trial & publication in @Nature by #TinaCascone @FordePatrick showing ctDNA clearance assoc w EFS & ctDNA clearance+pCR has most favourable EFS (HR 0.098, p<0.01)
A privilege to lead via @cancertrials_ie 🇮🇪 https://t.co/E0Crdt6oc5
[Slide 1]
NeoCOAST-2: EFS, ctDNA, and updated safety data
• ctDNA clearance after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy is associated with pCR/MPR and survival outcomes.1–3
– In AEGEAN, ctDNA clearance before surgery was associated with pCR and longer EFS.4–6
• The NeoCOAST-2 primary analysis demonstrated promising pCR/MPR rates and manageable safety.7
Key eligibility criteria
• Resectable Stage IIA–IIIB NSCLC (AJCC 8th edition)
• EGFR/ALK wild-type
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• Previously untreated
R*
Neoadjuvant therapy (every 3 weeks, four cycles)
Arm 1 Durvalumab + oleclumab + CT (N=76)
Arm 2 Durvalumab + monalizumab + CT (N=72)
Arm 4 Durvalumab + Dato-DXd + Pt (N=54)
Surgery†
Adjuvant therapy for ≤1 year
Durvalumab + oleclumab
Durvalumab + monalizumab
Durvalumab
Safety and efficacy follow-up
Outcomes
• First report of EFS‡
• ctDNA clearance
• EFS by ctDNA clearance and pathological response
• Updated safety data
Data cutoff for ctDNA/safety: 14 Oct 2025
Data cutoff for EFS: 25 March 2026
ctDNA assessment: Baseline | C3D1 (pre-dose) | Pre-surgery | Post-surgery → Analysed using the GRAIL Portrait™ Assay8§
ctDNA clearance at C3D1 was defined as ctDNA detected at baseline and undetected at C3D1
[footnotes and references: small print, largely illegible]
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
• In NeoCOAST-2, novel perioperative combination regimens demonstrated prolonged EFS, with 24-month EFS rates ranging from 70.5% to 77.9% across arms.
• Neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance was associated with improved EFS in all arms, supporting previous analyses1–6 and highlighting neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance as a potential prognostic biomarker.
– Patients with both ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and pCR had the longest EFS.
• No new safety signals were identified during adjuvant treatment when compared with the primary analysis.7
• The findings available to date, including pCR rates reported in the primary analysis7 and the EFS and ctDNA data reported here, warrant further evaluation of combinations with Dato-DXd in resectable NSCLC.
– In this analysis, patients in Arm 4 had the numerically highest ctDNA clearance rate.
A manuscript containing additional EFS, ctDNA, and safety data from these analyses has been published simultaneously in Nature (McGrath L, et al. Nature 2026) and can be accessed via the QR code.
1. Chaudhuri AA, et al. Cancer Discov 2017;7:1394–403; 2. Moding EJ, et al. Nat Cancer 2020;1:176–83; 3. Reck M, et al. Ann Oncol 2024;35:Abstract LBA49; 4. Gale D, et al. Cancer Res 2024;84(7_suppl):Abstract CT238; 5. Heymach J, et al. Ann Oncol 2025;36:Abstract LBA70; 6. Cascone T, et al. Nature 2026; doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10925-6; 7. Cascone T, et al. Nat Med 2025;31:2788–96.
NeoCOAST-2: EFS, ctDNA, and updated safety data
- ctDNA clearance after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy is associated with pCR/MPR and survival outcomes.1-3
- In AEGEAN, ctDNA clearance before surgery was associated with pCR and longer EFS.4-6
- The NeoCOAST-2 primary analysis demonstrated promising pCR/MPR rates and manageable safety.7
Key eligibility criteria
- Resectable Stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC (AJCC 8th edition)
- EGFR/ALK wild-type
- ECOG PS 0 or 1
- Previously untreated
R*
Neoadjuvant therapy (every 3 weeks, four cycles)
Arm 1 Durvalumab + oleclumab + CT (N=76)
Arm 2 Durvalumab + monalizumab + CT (N=72)
Arm 4 Durvalumab + Dato-DXd + Pt (N=54)
Surgery†
Adjuvant therapy for <=1 year
Durvalumab + oleclumab
Durvalumab + monalizumab
Durvalumab
Safety and efficacy follow-up
Outcomes
First report of EFS‡
ctDNA clearance
EFS by ctDNA clearance and pathological response
Updated safety data
Data cutoff for ctDNA/safety: 14 Oct 2025
Data cutoff for EFS: 25 March 2026
ctDNA assessment: Baseline | C3D1 (pre-dose) | Pre-surgery | Post-surgery -> Analysed using the GRAIL PortraitTM Assay8§
ctDNA clearance at C3D1 was defined as ctDNA detected at baseline and undetected at C3D1
*Stratified by PD-L1 status (<1% versus >=1%). †Within 40 days of the last dose of neoadjuvant therapy. ‡After the opportunity to complete >=24 months of follow-up in all patients, including the opportunity to complete adjuvant therapy.
§ctDNA was analysed using the tumour-agnostic methylation-based GRAIL Portrait Assay (GRAIL, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA) with a proprietary NSCLC classifier for ctDNA detection.
AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase; C3D1, Cycle 3 Day 1; CT, platinum-doublet chemotherapy; ctDNA, circulating tumour DNA; Dato-DXd, datopotamab deruxtecan; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; EFS, event-free survival; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; MPR, major pathological response; pCR, pathological complete response; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand-1; Pt, single-agent platinum chemotherapy
1. Chaudhuri AA, et al. Cancer Discov 2017;7:1394-403; 2. Moding EJ, et al. Nat Cancer 2020;1:176-83; 3. Cascone T, et a. Nature 2026; doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10925-6; 4. Reck M, et al. Ann Oncol 2024;35:Abstract LBA49; 5. Gale D, et al. Cancer Res 2024;84(7_suppl):Abstract CT238; 6. Heymach J, et al. Ann Oncol 2025;36:Abstract LBA70; 7. Cascone T, et al. Nat Med 2025;31:2788-96; 8. Klein E, et al. Ann Oncol 2021;32:1167-77.
Kaplan-Meier survival data: 24-month EFS by pCR status across arms
We know that pCR after neoadj chemo-PD(L)1 portends an excellent outcome. That also appears to be the case with novel neoadjuvant https://t.co/B5uzYVyWBl
24-month EFS rates were numerically higher in patients with versus without pCR
Arm 1: Durvalumab + oleclumab + CT
24-month EFS rate: 84.6% (95% CI: 51.2-95.9) [pCR]
24-month EFS rate: 67.0% (95% CI: 52.6-77.9) [non-pCR]
Arm 2: Durvalumab + monalizumab + CT
24-month EFS rate: 94.4% (95% CI: 66.6-99.2) [pCR]
24-month EFS rate: 69.1% (95% CI: 54.0-80.1) [non-pCR]
Arm 4: Durvalumab + Dato-DXd + Pt
24-month EFS rate: 92.9% (95% CI: 59.1-99.0) [pCR]
24-month EFS rate: 69.4% (95% CI: 48.8-83.0) [non-pCR]
Legend: pCR / Non-pCR
Time from randomisation (months)
Number of patients at risk [illegible - digits rendered vertically/stacked]
Lung cancer-specific EFS events at 24 months in patients with pCR: 1/15 (6.7%) in Arm 1; 0/18 in Arm 2; 0/19 in Arm 4.
Data cutoff: 25 March 2026. Analysis conducted according to investigator assessment in the mITT population. pCR (no viable tumour cells in the resected tumour specimen and sampled lymph nodes at surgery) was determined by blinded independent pathology review. EFS events, n/N (%): 20/74 (27.0) in Arm 1; 17/70 (24.3) in Arm 2; 11/54 (20.4) in Arm 4. A lung-cancer specific EFS event is any EFS event or death specifically related to lung cancer. Lung cancer-specific EFS event rates in patients without a pCR at 24 months were 15/59 (25.4%) patients in Arm 1, 11/52 (21.1%) patients in Arm 2, and 7/35 (20.0%) patients in Arm 4. Median follow-up in censored patients (range), months: 26.0 (3.0-37.0) in Arm 1; 25.8 (1.0-42.2) in Arm 2; 23.8 (2.8-29.0) in Arm 4.
Survival table
Endpoint: 24-month EFS rate by pCR status (investigator, mITT)
Arm 1 Durvalumab + oleclumab + CT - pCR
Arm 1 - non-pCR
Arm 2 Durvalumab + monalizumab + CT - pCR
Arm 2 - non-pCR
Arm 4 Durvalumab + Dato-DXd + Pt - pCR
Arm 4 - non-pCR
Landmark rates:
24 mo: Arm 1 pCR 84.6% (CI 51.2-95.9) | Arm 1 non-pCR 67.0% (CI 52.6-77.9) | Arm 2 pCR 94.4% (CI 66.6-99.2) | Arm 2 non-pCR 69.1% (CI 54.0-80.1) | Arm 4 pCR 92.9% (CI 59.1-99.0) | Arm 4 non-pCR 69.4% (CI 48.8-83.0)
Biomarker data: ctDNA clearance at C3D1 by pCR and MPR
ctDNA clearance before surgery may be a marker of pCR and MPR though work still to be done! This is a very feasible methylation based ctDNA assay not requiring tissue sequencing to create the panel. https://t.co/2EHZ4aLYmu
pCR and MPR were associated with higher ctDNA clearance rates at neoadjuvant C3D1
Evaluable patients with detected ctDNA at baseline: 59/72 (81.9%) in Arm 1; 56/69 (81.2%) in Arm 2; 45/54 (83.3%) in Arm 4.
Clearance rate (%) by pCR status
Arm 1 | pCR 69.2% | No pCR 45 [% partially obscured]
Arm 2 | pCR 60% | No pCR 52.5%
Arm 4 | pCR 81.3% | No pCR 66.7%
Clearance rate (%) by MPR status
Arm 1 | MPR 70.4% | No MPR 30.8%
Arm 2 | MPR 66.7% | No MPR 40 [% partially obscured]
Arm 4 | MPR 75% | No MPR 66.7%
Arm 1: Durvalumab + oleclumab + CT (n=27/53 with ctDNA clearance at C3D1)
Arm 2: Durvalumab + monalizumab + CT (n=30/55 with ctDNA clearance at C3D1)
Arm 4: Durvalumab + Dato-DXd + Pt (n=29/40 with ctDNA clearance at C3D1)
Lack of ctDNA clearance at C3D1 identified patients unlikely to experience a pCR.
- The Negative Predictive Value of ctDNA clearance for pCR ranged from 72.7% to 84.6%.
- The Positive Predictive Value of ctDNA clearance for pCR ranged from 30.0% to 44.8%.
Data cutoff: 14 October 2025. The C3D1 ctDNA clearance-evaluable population comprised all randomised patients who: (a) had confirmed NSCLC histology; (b) received at least one dose of any study treatment; and (c) had an evaluable sample from the C3D1 assessment visit (result either detected [non-clearance] or undetected [clearance, if baseline sample was evaluable and ctDNA detected]) at the data cutoff. Non-clearance was defined as detected ctDNA at C3D1 irrespective of the baseline ctDNA result. Patients with undetected ctDNA at C3D1 with undetected or missing baseline samples were considered non-evaluable for clearance at C3D1. Error bars represent 95% CIs.
Biomarker data: pooled EFS by ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and pCR/MPR
Perhaps an integrated approach to predicting long term outcomes is emerging? Pooled analysis suggests ctDNA clearance and MPR/pCR associates with event free survival! Great work from patients, families and investigators worldwide including @CancerInstIRE @tcddublin https://t.co/i2aScCMzBb
Both ctDNA clearance at neoadjuvant C3D1 and pCR/MPR were associated with prolonged EFS in a pooled analysis*
EFS according to ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and pCR status
Legend: no PCR, ctDNA clearance; no pCR, no ctDNA clearance; pCR, ctDNA clearance; pCR, no ctDNA clearance
Number of patients at risk (0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40 mo)
no PCR, ctDNA clearance | 55 | 54 | 49 | 46 | 37 | 29 | 16 | 6 | 0
no pCR, no ctDNA clearance | 49 | 37 | 30 | 29 | 23 | 20 | 12 | 5 | 1
pCR, ctDNA clearance | 31 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 17 | 5 | 0 | 0
pCR, no ctDNA clearance | 13 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 1
EFS according to ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and MPR status
Legend: no MPR, ctDNA clearance; no MPR, no ctDNA clearance; MPR, ctDNA clearance; MPR, no ctDNA clearance
Number of patients at risk (0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40 mo)
no MPR, ctDNA clearance | 26 | 25 | 21 | 20 | 16 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 0
no MPR, no ctDNA clearance | 37 | 26 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 0
MPR, ctDNA clearance | 60 | 59 | 56 | 52 | 45 | 35 | 17 | 4 | 0
MPR, no ctDNA clearance | 25 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 2
The HR for experiencing an EFS event in the pooled analysis* was:
- 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02-0.42) for patients with ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and pCR versus patients with neither.
- 0.10 (95% CI: 0.04-0.28) for patients with ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and MPR versus patients with neither.
*Pooled analyses were conducted across arms to provide adequate patient numbers for subgroup analyses, and because of the similar outcomes observed across arms.
Data cutoff: 14 October 2025 for ctDNA data; 25 March 2026 for EFS data. Analysis conducted according to investigator assessment in the C3D1 ctDNA clearance-evaluable population. HRs calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression.
EFS events, n/N (%): 20/74 (27.0) in Arm 1; 17/70 (24.3) in Arm 2; 11/54 (20.4) in Arm 4. Median follow-up in censored patients (range), months: 26.0 (3.0-37.0) in Arm 1; 25.8 (1.0-42.2) in Arm 2; 23.8 (2.8-29.0) in Arm 4.
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS by ctDNA clearance at C3D1 and pCR / MPR status (pooled across arms)
no pCR, ctDNA clearance | 55
no pCR, no ctDNA clearance | 49
pCR, ctDNA clearance | 31
pCR, no ctDNA clearance | 13
no MPR, ctDNA clearance | 26
no MPR, no ctDNA clearance | 37
MPR, ctDNA clearance | 60
MPR, no ctDNA clearance | 25
HR: 0.10 (ctDNA clearance + pCR vs neither); 0.10 (ctDNA clearance + MPR vs neither)
HR CI: 0.02-0.42 (pCR); 0.04-0.28 (MPR)
#ESMO26 Dr. Ziming Li with phase III study of dalmelitinib + aumolertinib vs platinum chemo in EGFR+ NSCLC with MET amp post EGFR TKI. PFS favors TKIs: 6.2m vs 4.4m, HR 0.60; OS immature and high crossover (HR 0.84). RR 60% vs 39%. Higher d/c rate with TKIs. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/PWgI5JGNLY
[Slide 1]
Study Design:
HS-10241-301 is a randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 study.
Key Eligibility Criteria
• Aged ≥18 years
• Advanced NSCLC with EGFRm+ and c-MET+
• ECOG PS 0–1
• ≥1 measurable target lesion (RECIST v1.1)
• Objective disease progression(PD) or intolerance after EGFR-TKIs
c-MET+ definition: MET copy number ≥5 or MET/CEP7 ratio ≥2 (FISH); confirmed by central lab
Treatment
R 1:1
TKI-combo group (N=156): Dalmelitinib 300 mg BID + Aumolertinib 110 mg QD
Chemo group (N=158): (cisplatin 75 mg/m2 or carboplatin AUC 5) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 for 4-6 cycles, then pemetrexed as maintenance treatment
Treatment until PD, intolerable toxicity or any other reason for discontinuation
Conditionally switched to TKI-combo after BICR-assessed PD
Random stratification factors:
✓Prior 3rd-generation EGFR TKIs (yes or no)
✓Baseline brain metastasis (yes or no)
✓MET/CEP7 ratio (≥2 or <2)
Endpoints
Primary endpoint: • BICR-PFS
Secondary endpoints: • BICR-ORR • BICR-DCR • BICR-DoR • OS • Adverse events
The data cut-off date was December 10, 2025.
The study analysis was generally conducted based on FAS, except for the safety analysis in SS.
• Full Analysis Set (FAS): all randomized subjects.
• Safety Analysis Set (SS): all randomized subjects who receive ≥1 dose of study drugs.
• Final analysis was pre-planned at 197 events of PFS.
• Pre-planned OS sensitivity analyses adjusting for treatment switching will be performed when >50% OS rate is observed.
Prof. Ziming Li
Abbreviation: AUC, Area Under Curve; BICR, blinded independent central review; BID, twice a day; CEP, C-terminally encoded peptide; DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; MET, Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition factor; NSCLC, non small cell lung cancer; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; QD, once a day; TKI, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
[Slide 2]
Final analysis met the primary endpoint- PFS assessed by BICR
• TKI-combo treatment significantly improved PFS over chemotherapy with 40% lower risk of disease progression or death (mPFS 6.2 vs. 4.4 months, HR=0.601, P <0.001).
TKI-combo N=156 | Chemo N=158
Median follow-up time, months 11.4 | 10.7
Events, n (%) 92 (59.0) | 105 (66.5)
Median PFS, months 6.2 | 4.4
Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 0.601 (0.448, 0.805)
P value <0.001
Probability of progression-free survival (%)
Months
TKI-combo
Chemo
Prof. Ziming Li
Data cutoff December 10, 2025
Abbreviation: BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; PFS, progression-free survival; TKI, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR (primary)
TKI-combo (dalmelitinib + aumolertinib) | 156 | 6.2 mo
Chemo | 158 | 4.4 mo
HR: 0.601
HR CI: 0.448, 0.805
P: <0.001
[Slide 3]
Secondary endpoints
• Clinical benefit was consistent across secondary efficacy endpoints, including ORR and DoR.
• OS data was still evolving with overall event rate of 22.9%; 82 (51.9%) patients in the chemo group received subsequent MET inhibitors (including 74 patients receiving study crossover treatment and 8 patients receiving other MET inhibitors).
TKI-combo group (N=156) | Chemo group (N=158)
mOS, months (95% CI) NR (17.5, NE) | 19.6 (14.6, NE)
Unstratified HR (95% CI) 0.840 (0.524, 1.346)
Probability of overall survival(%)
Months
TKI-combo
Chemo
Data cutoff December 10, 2025;Median follow-up was:11.2 months;
Secondary endpoints by BICR | TKI-combo group (N=156) | Chemo group (N=158)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 59.6 (51.5, 67.4) | 38.6 (31.0, 46.7)
mDoR, months (95% CI) | 9.7 (7.0, 14.0) | 4.4 (3.0, 8.4)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 84.6 (78.0, 89.9) | 74.1 (66.5, 80.7)
Prof. Ziming Li
Abbreviation: BICR, blind independent central review; DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; HR, hazard ratio; m, median; NE, not estimatable; NR, not reached; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; TKI, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
Survival table
Endpoint: OS (secondary, immature)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
TKI-combo | 156 | NR | 17.5, NE
Chemo | 158 | 19.6 mo | 14.6, NE
HR: 0.840 (unstratified)
HR CI: 0.524, 1.346
[Slide 4]
Safety Summary
• Similar incidence and severity of TRAEs between two groups, with different safety profile.
• Common TRAEs aligned with the expected MET/EGFR-TKI safety profile, mainly elevated liver enzymes, and most were grade 1-2. After hepatoprotective therapy and dose modification or discontinuation, most events resolved to baseline or normal, supporting a tolerable and reversible hepatic safety profile.
| TKI-combo group (N=156) | Chemo group (N=145)
Any TEAEs | 154 (98.7) | 142 (97.9)
Any TRAEs | 154 (98.7) | 139 (95.9)
Grade ≥3 TRAE | 73 (46.8) | 65 (44.8)
TRAEs Leading to Dose Reduction | 43 (27.6) | 32 (22.1)
TRAEs Leading to Discontinuation | 11 (7.1) | 4 (2.8)
TRAEs Leading to Death | 1 (0.6) | 2 (1.4)
Prof. Ziming Li
Abbreviation: EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; MET, Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition factor; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event; TKI, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor; TRAE, treatment related adverse event
In EGFR-mutant,MET-positive NSCLC after EGFR-TKI progression, dalmelitinib + aumolertinib improved PFS vs platinum/pemetrexed (6.2 vs 4.4 months; HR 0.60, p<0.001)
ORR was 59.6% vs 38.6%,with distinct hepatic vs hematologic toxicities. OS remains immature. 🫁
@OncoAlert #ESMO26 https://t.co/7ui1zoKnj1
Slide: Discussant takeaways on Abstract 2615O dalmelitinib plus
Excellent discussion from Dr Heist. In MET acquired resistance to EGFR TKI, MET inhibition is better than chemotherapy. What about bispecific antibodies? Not so clear. #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/OYRggGz1f0
My takeaways on Abstract 2615O Dalmelitinib/Aumolertinib:
EGFR + MET inhibition is a proven treatment strategy in MET+ acquired resistance
With Dalmelitinib + Aumolertinib, Lu et al add to the Phase III data supporting this strategy
· Osimertinib + Savolitinib (SACHI, SAFFRON)
· Aumolertinib + Dalmelitinib
MET at time of progression is an actionable biomarker & requires testing
1) Slide: Room photo of conclusion slide: dalmelitinib + · 2) Slide: HS-10241-301 subgroup analysis of BICR PFS
ESMO 2026: Exciting phase 3 data from Prof. Ziming Li reveals a promising new chemo-free option for EGFR-m, MET-amplified NSCLC after EGFR-TKI failure.
Dalmelitinib + Aumolertinib vs. Chemotherapy shows major benefits:
📊 40% lower risk of progression or death (HR=0.601, p<0.001)
⏱️ mPFS: 6.2 vs. 4.4 months
📈 ORR: 59.6% vs. 38.6%
⏳ mDoR: 9.7 vs. 4.4 months
Benefits were consistent across all pre-defined subgroups, and safety remains manageable with mostly grade 1-2 events.
#ESMO2026 #LungCancer #LCSM #Oncology #CancerResearch
#ESMO26 Dr. @FedericoCappuz1 presents phase II randomized trial of therapeutic cancer vaccine OSE2101 with docetaxel or with nivolumab vs docetaxal. Very reassuring safety profile of vaccine; 1y OS rate superior with both OSE2101 combinations. Phase III ARTEMIA trial ongoing. https://t.co/nHc1PCaeis
[Slide 2]
Study Design
▪ Phase 2, non-comparative, randomized, 3 parallel arms study
▪ Primary estimand: 1-Year Survival Rate in all randomized patients
KEY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
➤ NSCLC relapsed after ≥ 4 cycles of 1L chemoimmunotherapy
➤ HLA-A2 positive
➤ EGFR, ALK, ROS Wild Type
➤ Patients with primary resistance to immunotherapy are excluded
R
ARM A (n=36) Docetaxel IV q3w X 6 cycles + OSE2101 SC q3w X 6 cycles → OSE2101 q6w from C7 until Year 1, then q12w until PD, unacceptable toxicity or patient refusal
ARM B (n=35) Nivolumab IV q3w X 6 cycles + OSE2101 SC q3w X 6 cycles → Nivo q3w + OSE2101 q6w from C7 until Year 1, then q12w until PD, unacceptable toxicity or patient refusal
ARM C (n=35) Docetaxel IV q3w X 6 cycles → Up to 6 cycles or until PD, unacceptable toxicity or patient refusal
Docetaxel was administred at 75mg/m2 in ARM C and 60 mg/m2 in ARM A
STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
1. To test in each experimental arm the 1-year OS rate using 5% one-sided exact binomial test whether 1-year OS exceeded the predefined 20% threshold:
if OS Rate ≤ 20%: treatment does not warrant further investigation
If OS Rate ≥40%: treatment has sufficient activity
2. If primary analysis positive, Bayesian analyses to assess the posterior probability to improve 1-year OS rate of
• Arm A vs Arm C
• Arm B vs Arm C
F. Cappuzzo, Rome, Italy
[Slide 3]
Overall Survival
Median OS in months [90% CI] | A (OSE2101+Docetaxel) 11.9 [8.9;15.3] | B (OSE2101+Nivolumab) 11.3 [6.1;13.3] | C (Docetaxel) 6.4 [5.2;9.0]
Legend: A (N= 36), B (N= 35), C (N= 35)
1-year OS 47% / 48% ; 31%
Months since randomization
Number of subjects at risk (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 months)
A 36 27 17 9 3 1
B 35 22 16 9 7 3
C 35 17 10 9 6 2
Subsequent systemic anticancer treatment was administrated in 66% in Arm A OSE2101+Docetaxel, 53% in Arm B OSE2101+Nivolumab and 41% in Arm C Docetaxel
Median FU 27 months; Snapshot 01OCT2026 – Randomized population
F. Cappuzzo, Rome, Italy
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
A (OSE2101+Docetaxel) | 36 | 11.9 mo | 8.9;15.3 (90% CI)
B (OSE2101+Nivolumab) | 35 | 11.3 mo | 6.1;13.3 (90% CI)
C (Docetaxel) | 35 | 6.4 mo | 5.2;9.0 (90% CI)
Landmark rates:
12 months: A (OSE2101+Docetaxel) 47% | B (OSE2101+Nivolumab) 48% | C (Docetaxel) 31%
[Slide 4]
Conclusion
▪ 1-year OS rate was improved with the IO-IO combination OSE2101 + NIVOLUMAB, and similarly with the IO-CT combination OSE2101 + DOCETAXEL in metastatic NSCLC patients progressing after first-line chemo-immunotherapy and no primary resistance to immunotherapy
▪ Both combinations showed a manageable safety profile without increasing toxicity
▪ OSE2101- based combinations showed improved survival compared with docetaxel, supporting further evaluation of vaccine-based immunotherapy strategies in this setting
▪ A phase 3 registrational study of OSE2101 monotherapy compared to docetaxel (ARTEMIA) is currently recruiting NSCLC patients with secondary resistance to immunotherapy
F. Cappuzzo, Rome, Italy
FoRT Fondazione Ricerca Traslazionale
1) Slide: Treatment options in the post-chemo-ICI setting, NSCLC · 2) Slide: How to interpret the Combi-TED trial results (discussant Maurice Pérol) · 3) Slide: Limitations and challenges of TIL therapy in NSCLC · 4) Slide: Discussant summary: Phase I TIL therapy + chemoimmunotherapy in >=2nd
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Rapid Oral II Discussion🌟
🔥Redefining Immunotherapy After Chemoimmunotherapy Failure in Advanced NSCLC
🎙️ Dr. Maurice Pérol
🔗 https://t.co/qdRXsb5w4Q
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC https://t.co/Pp2z5yzpdi
[Slide 1]
Treatment Options in the Post-"Chemo-ICI" Setting
Resistance post-ICI and a platinum-based doublet (sequential or combined)
Docetaxel | Taxanes + antiangiogenic drugs | Targeted therapies | Antibodies drug-conjugated | Immunotherapy-based strategies
Targeted therapies: KRASG12C; MET exon 14; HER2 mutation; NRG1 fusion; MTAP deletion; ...
Antibodies drug-conjugated: Biomarker agnostic; Biomarker driven
Immunotherapy-based strategies: Checkpoints inhibition; Bispecific antibodies; Targeting TME (VEGF); T-cells engagers; Vaccines; Adoptive cell therapies
Docetaxel: TAX 317; TAX 320
Taxanes + antiangiogenic drugs: REVEL; LUME-1; ULTIMATE
Targeted therapies: KRASG12C inhibitors; MET TKIs; HER2 TKIs; Zenocutuzumab; PRMT5 inhibitors; ...
ADCs: TROP2; HER2; HER3; MET; HER2; ...
Immunotherapy: Multiple approaches and trials ...
Maurice Pérol
[Slide 2]
How to Interpret the Combi-TED Trial Results?
Strengths
- First randomized signal supporting OSE2101-based combinations after chemo-immunotherapy failure
- Strong biological rationale
- Consistent OS improvement across both experimental arms
- Favorable safety profile (toxicity driven by docetaxel exposure)
Key limitations
- Small phase II sample size with wide CI
- Underperforming control arm may have exaggerated the observed OS benefit
- 1-year OS rates in the experimental arms within the range reported with docetaxel in recent studies
- No improvement in ORR/PFS despite OS signal
- Results remain hypothesis-generating and require phase III confirmation
Maurice Pérol
[Slide 3]
Limitations and Challenges of TIL Therapy in NSCLC
- Manufacturing time
- Need for surgical excision of a lesion >= 1.5 cm
- 4-6 weeks may be too long for rapidly progressing patients
- Toxicity in NSCLC patients
- Cyclophosphamide/fludarabine conditioning (cytopenia, infection risk)
- High-dose IL-2 support (capillary leak syndrome ...)
- Patient selection: still unknown
- Which genomic subsets benefit most
- Whether oncogene-driven tumours respond similarly
- Which TIL phenotypes are optimal
- T-cell fitness and persistence
- Prolonged ex vivo culture may produce terminally differentiated or exhausted T cells
- Failure of TIL therapy associated with inadequate persistence of neoantigen-specific T cells
- Cost and accessibility
Figure: Cumulative frequency of Infused TIL clonotypes (%); Durable benefit / No benefit; TIL infusion; Wk -9, Wk -5, Wk -1, Wk 0, Wk 1, Wk 2, Wk 4, Wk 8-10, Wk 14-17, Wk 20-35
Wang et al., Nat Cancer 2025
Maurice Pérol
[Slide 4]
Phase I study of TIL Therapy in Combination with Chemoimmunotherapy in >=2nd Line Advanced NSCLC Patients
[check] Feasible and better tolerated than conventional TIL approaches
[check] Potentially more scalable for routine clinical practice
[warning] Antitumor activity remains modest and requires further validation
[warning] Translational analyses are needed to clarify the contribution of TIL therapy
[?] Can a simplified TIL platform expand access without sacrificing efficacy?
[rocket] The answer may come too late given the emergence of next-generation engineered TILs
Maurice Pérol
[Slide 2]
Patient Demographics & Characteristics
| | ARM A DOCE + OSE2101 N=36 | ARM B NIVO + OSE2101 N=35 | ARM C DOCE N=35
Age (years) | Median (range) | 67 (44 - 79) | 67 (38 – 81) | 63 (50 – 83)
Gender (N, %) | Male | 21 (58%) | 21 (60%) | 30 (86%)
Race (N,%) | White/Caucasian | 34 (97%) | 34 (97%) | 34 (97%)
HLA-A2 status (N,%) | Positive | 36 (100%) | 35 (100%) | 35 (100%)
Histology (N, %) | Adenocarcinoma | 27 (77%) | 28 (80%) | 26 (77%)
| Squamous | 8 (23%) | 7 (20%) | 8 (23%)
Smoking Status (N, %) | Never Smoked | 5/35 (14%) | 3/35 (9%) | 2/34 (6%)
ECOG PS (N, %) | Grade 0 | 19 (53%) | 17 (48.5%) | 17 (49%)
| Grade 1 | 17 (47%) | 17 (48.5%) | 18 (51%)
| Grade 2 | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%)
PDL-1 status | Positive (≥1%) | 21/35 (60%) | 19/33 (58%) | 19/34 (56%)
Snapshot 01OCT2026 – Randomized Population
F. Cappuzzo, Rome, Italy
[Slide 3]
Primary estimand 1-Year Survival Rate
| ARM A DOCE + OSE2101 N=36 | ARM B NIVO + OSE2101 N=35 | ARM C DOCE N=35
1-Year OS Rate (n, %) | 17 (47%) | 16 (46%) | 10 (29%)
90% CI # | [33%;62%] | [31%;61%] | [16%;44%]
One-sided p-value* | <.001* | <.001* | 0.15*
4 patients withdrew their consent before the 1-year timepoint and therefore have insufficient follow-up
* one-sided exact binomial test evaluating the following hypotheses at a 5% one-sided significance level: H0: P ≤ 20%
# 90% CI corresponding to 5% one-sided
Bayesian analyses to assess the posterior probability to improve 1-year OS rate between experimental arms vs Arm C
ARM A DOCE + OSE2101 vs ARM C | ARM B NIVO + OSE2101 vs ARM C
94.6% | 92.8%
Based uninformative prior Beta(1, 1) and Markov Chains Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm
If the predictive probability that the 1-year survival rate difference is > 95% then the arm of interest can be considered as promising.
Snapshot 01OCT2026 – Randomized population
F. Cappuzzo, Rome, Italy
Kaplan-Meier survival data: Combi-TED PFS KM and best overall response by arm
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral II: #LCSM Mets
🔥Combi-TED: Results of a Multicenter, Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized Trial Evaluating OSE2101 Plus Docetaxel or OSE2101 Plus Nivolumab as Second-Line Therapy in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Progressing After First-Line Chemo-Immunotherapy
🎙️ @FedericoCappuz1
🔢2661RO
🎯1-Yr OS 44% (OSE2101+Docetaxel, p=0.001) and 44% (OSE2101+Nivolumab, p=0.002) vs 26% (Docetaxel Alone, NS) (n=106)
☑️NCT04884282
🔗 https://t.co/p4tFUd6NwV
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
1) Biomarker data: biomarker analysis background slide with presenter Marina · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: EFS by T-cell-inflamed GEP status (low vs high) · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival by T-cell-inflamed GEP status · 4) Biomarker data: biomarker analysis conclusions slide
#ESMO26 The brilliant Dr. @marinagarassino with biomarker analysis from the phase III KEYNOTE 671 study of perioperative pembrolizumab for resectable NSCLC showing association of T-cell inflamed gene expression profile and TMB with efficacy. Benefit across subgroups; inflamed profile associated with better prognosis. #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 1]
Background
• In the phase 3 KEYNOTE-671 study, perioperative pem[illegible] improved EFS, OS, pCR, and MPR vs neoadjuvant che[illegible] NSCLC1,2
EFS, IA11
Median follow-up time: 25.2 mo
Data cutoff: July 29, 2022
Pembro arm
Placebo arm
HR, 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46–0.72; P < 0.001)
• Survival benefits of perioperative pembrolizumab we[illegible]
• We report an exploratory biomarker analysis of the [illegible] (TcellinfGEP)a and tumor mutational burden (TMB) w[illegible] TcellinfGEP, TMB, and KRAS mutation status
aTcellinfGEP is an 18-gene IFNγ-responsive expression signature that measures IFNγ-driven [illegible]
1Wakelee H et al. N Engl J Med 2023;389:491–503. 2Spicer JD et al. Lancet 2024;404:1240–[illegible]
Invest. 2017;127(8):2930-2940.
[Slide 2]
EFS by TcellinfGEP Status (n = 387)
TcellinfGEP Low (<1st Tertile)
TcellinfGEP High (≥1st Tertile)
Event-Free Survival, %
Time, mo
No. at risk
Pembro
Placebo
Median (range) time from randomization to data cutoff (July 3, 2025) was 63.6 (42.6–85.8) mo for the RNAseq population and 62.4 (42.6–85.8) mo for the WES population.
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS by TcellinfGEP status (n = 387), exploratory
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
TcellinfGEP Low: Pembro | 74 | 29.3 mo | 14.3–69.5
TcellinfGEP Low: Placebo | 55 | 18.2 mo | 10.8–22.2
TcellinfGEP High: Pembro | 124 | NR | 39.4–NR
TcellinfGEP High: Placebo | 134 | 20.6 mo | 14.5–34.1
HR: Low: 0.71; High: 0.53
HR CI: Low: 0.46–1.11; High: 0.38–0.75
[Slide 3]
OS by TcellinfGEP Status (n = 387)
TcellinfGEP Low (<1st Tertile)
TcellinfGEP High (≥1st Tertile)
Overall Survival, %
Time, mo
No. at risk
Pembro
Placebo
aOS data are immature; HRs for subgroups are exploratory/underpowered and should be interpreted with caution.
Median (range) time from randomization to data cutoff (July 3, 2025) was 63.6 (42.6–85.8) mo for the RNAseq population and 62.4 (42.6–85.8) mo for the WES population.
Survival table
Endpoint: OS by TcellinfGEP status (n = 387), exploratory; OS data immature
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
TcellinfGEP Low: Pembro | 74 | NR | 47.4–NR
TcellinfGEP Low: Placebo | 55 | 41.6 mo | 28.8–NR
TcellinfGEP High: Pembro | 124 | NR | 72.3–NR
TcellinfGEP High: Placebo | 134 | NR | 53.7–NR
HR: Low: 0.59; High: 0.82
HR CI: Low: 0.36–0.97; High: 0.55–1.22
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
• The benefits of perioperative pembrolizumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy were generally consistent regardless of immunotherapy-relevant biomarkers
• For both treatment arms, positive associations were observed between baseline TcellinfGEP and TMB and certain efficacy outcomes
– TcellinfGEP was positively associated with EFS and MPR for pembrolizumab and with OS for placebo
– TMB was positively associated with EFS, OS, pCR, and MPR for pembrolizumab and with pCR and MPR for placebo
• EFS and OS benefit was generally observed with pembrolizumab vs placebo regardless of biomarker subgroup, including TcellinfGEP high vs low, TMB high vs low, and KRAS mutation vs wild-type
• As these findings were exploratory with an ~50% biomarker-evaluable subset and regional imbalance in the RNAseq population, results should be interpreted with caution
• These findings support the use of perioperative pembrolizumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a standard of care for patients with resectable, early-stage NSCLC
Biomarker data: EFS by TMB status (n = 459), pembrolizumab vs placebo
Another presentation Dr. @marinagarassino from @UCCancerCenter @UChicagoMed with biomarker analysis of KEYNOTE-671 for resectable early stage NSCLC. https://t.co/7urBmqr9iR
#7975 Neoadjuvant Sacituzumab Govitecan Plus Pembrolizumab in Resectable Stage II-III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Phase II CITADEL Study
Molly SC Li, Joyce WY Chan, Olivia H Chen, Alvin HK Cheung, Aliss TC Chang, Kevin KS Mok, Florence ST Mok, Jonathan SF Nyaw, S Chan, Teddy HY Wong, Victor WK Lee, Fiona MY Lim, KK Li, Gary JW Liao, James Chow, Ivan WC Wong, Innes YP Wan, Rainbow WH Lau, Calvin SH Ng, Tony SK Mok
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
CU Medicine Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Background
• Perioperative chemoimmunotherapy improves outcomes in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without EGFR/ALK alterations, with reported pathological complete response between 17–41%.
• The combination of sacituzumab govitecan and pembrolizumab has demonstrated activity in advanced NSCLC, supporting neoadjuvant evaluation.
Study design
Investigator-initiated, open-label, multicentre, single-arm phase II trial
NCT06055465 | Enrolment: 22 May 2024 – 17 April 2026
Population: Resectable stage II–III NSCLC (AJCC 8th edition) EGFR / ALK negative; potentially resectable
Neoadjuvant treatment: Sacituzumab govitecan 10 mg/kg, days 1 and 8 + pembrolizumab 200 mg, day 1 Every 3 weeks × 4 cycles. Tumour imaging after neoadjuvant therapy
Surgery: Resection 4–8 weeks after treatment
Adjuvant treatment: Pembrolizumab 200 mg, day 1 Every 3 weeks × 13 cycles
Endpoints
Primary endpoint • Pathological complete response (pCR) in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population
Secondary endpoints • pCR in resected patients • Major pathological response (MPR): ITT and resected patients • Resection rate after neoadjuvant treatment; safety • Objective response rate (ORR) • 12-month and 24-month event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS)
Statistical considerations
Hypothesized pCR: 38% (20 percentage-point improvement over KEYNOTE-671)
Sample size: 37; dropout: 5%; one-sided α = 0.05; power: 80%
Data cutoff: 14 August 2026
Median follow-up: 11.4 months (range, 2.6–21.4)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics (N=36 *)
Age, median (range), years 69 (46–78)
Sex Female 7 (19.4%); Male 29 (80.6%)
Smoking Never-smoker 12 (33.3%); Ever-smoker 24 (66.7%)
ECOG performance status 0: 30 (83.3%); 1: 6 (16.7%)
Histology Adenocarcinoma 25 (69.4%); Squamous cell carcinoma 6 (16.7%); Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma 3 (8.3%); NSCLC, not otherwise specified 1 (2.8%); Adenosquamous carcinoma 1 (2.8%)
Clinical nodal stage cN0 11 (30.6%); cN1 8 (22.2%); cN2 17 (47.2%)
Clinical stage Stage II 8 (22.2%); Stage IIIA 16 (44.4%); Stage IIIB 12 (33.3%)
Driver alteration KRAS mutation 10 (27.8%); HER2 exon 20 insertion 2 (5.6%); None 19 (52.8%); Unknown 5 (13.9%)
PD-L1 TPS <1% 8 (22.2%); 1–49% 13 (36.1%); ≥ 50% 13 (36.1%); Unknown 2 (5.6%)
* 37 patients enrolled, 1 patient was excluded after enrolment due to a finding of benign histology.
Table 2. Treatment delivery
Neoadjuvant treatment N = 36: 4 cycles 33 (91.7%); 3 cycles 3 (8.3%)
Surgery N = 36: Resection performed 30 (83.3%); No surgery 6 (16.7%); Disease progression 3 (8.3%); Inadequate lung function 2 (5.6%); Declined surgery 1 (2.8%)
Adjuvant treatment N = 30 resected: Started 29 (96.7%); Not yet started 1 (3.3%)
Status among patients who started N = 29: Completed 10 (34.5%); Ongoing 12 (41.4%); Discontinued 7 (24.1%); Disease progression 5 (17.2%); Adverse event 1 (3.4%); Death unrelated to treatment 1 (3.4%)
Figure 1. Pathological response
pCR (ITT) 11.1% 4/36 95% CI 3.1–26.1%
MPR (ITT) 33.3% 12/36 95% CI 18.6–51.0%
pCR (Resected) 13.3% 4/30 95% CI 3.8–30.7%
MPR (Resected) 40.0% 12/30 95% CI 22.7–59.4%
MPR threshold (≤ 10% residual viable tumour)
• Radiological response rate was 63.9% (23/36).
• Nodal downstaging and nodal clearance were observed in 81.0% (17/21) and 76.2% (16/21) of cases, respectively.
• In exploratory analysis, MPR was more frequently observed among ever-smokers (55.0%, 11/20 versus 10.0%, 1/10 among never-smokers; p=0.024) and tumours with PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% (72.7%, 8/11 versus 21.1%, 4/19 with PD-L1 TPS <50% or unknown; p=0.009).
• Sex, histology, stage, and presence of KRAS mutation were not significantly associated with MPR.
Figure 2. Adverse events
Neoadjuvant phase (N = 36) | Adjuvant phase (N = 29)
Overall safety (N = 36): Any-grade TEAEs 100.0%; Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs 41.7%; Any-grade TRAEs 100.0%; Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs 27.8%; SAEs 36.1%
No grade 4-5 TRAEs recorded
Conclusion
• The combination of neoadjuvant sacituzumab govitecan and pembrolizumab did not improve pCR compared with standard perioperative immunochemotherapy.
• No additional safety signal was identified.
This is an investigator-initiated trial supported by Gilead and Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
#ESMO26 Dr. @mvnegrao with pooled data on 1L olomorasib + chemo-IO in KRAS G12C NSCLC from LOXO-RAS-20001 and SUNRAY-01. RR 62%, mDOR 14.5m, mPFS 11.6m, safety shows TRAEs leading to d/c in 7.8% of gen pop. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/GAvfqPnz2z
[Slide 2]
Conclusions
■ Olomorasib + chemoimmunotherapy demonstrated durable efficacy in patients with PD-L1 expression 0–100%, including in higher-risk patients with PD-L1 expression 0–49%.
➢ With a median follow-up of 18.7 months (IQR: 16.8–20.3), the ORR was 62% in the overall population, with a median DOR of 14.5 months and median PFS of 11.6 months.
■ The safety profile of olomorasib + chemoimmunotherapy was consistent with previous reports and with the known profiles of each drug.
➢ Safety was monitorable and manageable with supportive care, dose adjustments, and/or corticosteroids.
➢ No prophylactic medications for olomorasib related toxicities are required by the protocol.
Part B of the ongoing Phase 3 SUNRAY-01 trial (NCT06119581) evaluating chemoimmunotherapy with olomorasib or placebo as first-line treatment in patients with advanced KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC, irrespective of PD-L1 expression, has completed enrollment and is expected to read out in the first half of 2027.
Abbreviations: DOR, duration of response; IQR, interquartile range; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; ORR, overall response rate; PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; PFS, progression-free survival.
Dr. Marcelo V. Negrao
[Slide 3]
Hepatic Events Over Time in the Safety Population
Patients (N=77)
[Swimmer plot: Overall Treatment Duration (Months), 0–30; axis ticks not transcribed]
▶ Ongoing
# Received 1 cycle of SOC prior to enrollment
Hepatic Event Grade 2
Hepatic Event Grade 3
Hepatic Event Grade 4
➢ Median time to onset of Grade ≥3 hepatic events was 43 days (range, 13–145).
➢ Median duration of Grade ≥3 hepatic events was 4 days (range, 1–37).
➢ All Grade ≥3 hepatic events resolved to Grade 1 or baseline after dose modifications and/or corticosteroids.
➢ No confirmed Hy's Law.
Hepatic events included ALT increased, AST increased, hepatitis, immune hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and hepatotoxicity. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; SOC, standard of care.
Dr. Marcelo V. Negrao
2683P
First-line Olomorasib + Pembrolizumab in KRAS G12C-Mutant NSCLC: Updated Results from LOXO-RAS-20001 and SUNRAY-01 Trials
Melissa L. Johnson, L. Leon-Mateos, Tadaaki Yamada, Neeharika Makani, Bryan Chan, Wen-Tsung Huang, Dionisios Spyratos, Jaromir Roubec, Niels Reinmuth, Adrian Sacher, Alexander I. Spira, Nimit Singhal, Shinji Takeuchi, Yonina R. Murciano-Goroff, Justin Han, Aaron A. Fink, Alyson Merced, Melinda D. Willard, Nicolas Fasnacht, Carla Visseren-Grul, Solange Peters
Study sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of 1L olomorasib + pembrolizumab in KRAS G12C-mutant advanced NSCLC.
– N=85 patients
– Integrated analysis of the dose optimization cohorts of LOXO-RAS-20001 and SUNRAY-01
– Median follow-up: 20.7 months (IQR: 18.0-23.0)
CONCLUSIONS
❖ Olomorasib + pembrolizumab demonstrates promising efficacy across PD-L1 levels.
– With a median follow-up of 20.7 months, median PFS and DOR were not yet reached in the overall population and in patients with PD-L1 ≥50%.
– The 18-month PFS rate is 55% in the overall patient population (65% in patients with PD-L1 ≥50%).
❖ TRAEs were primarily low-grade and hepatic events were generally transient and manageable demonstrating a safety profile consistent with prior reports and the known profiles of the individual drugs and highlights the combinability of this regimen.
❖ These updated findings further support the rationale for the ongoing Phase 3 trials evaluating olomorasib in combination with immunotherapy in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC PD-L1 0-100%: SUNRAY-01 (NCT06119581) and SUNRAY-02 (NCT06890598).
BACKGROUND
▪ There are no approved targeted therapies in the 1L setting for patients with KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC.
– Current 1L treatment for this population consists of immunotherapy +/- platinum-based chemotherapy, guided by PD-L1 expression and clinical characteristics.
– Toxicity has been a persistent challenge for some KRAS G12C inhibitor-immunotherapy-based combinations, limiting their development in the 1L setting.
▪ Olomorasib is a potent, selective next-generation KRAS G12C inhibitor with:
– Durable 1L efficacy in combination with pembrolizumab across all PD-L1 levels.
– Tolerable safety profile with toxicities that can be readily managed.
– Intracranial activity.
▪ Now with over 20 months of follow-up, we report updated results in 1L patients receiving olomorasib + pembrolizumab from the integrated analysis of LOXO-RAS-20001 and dose optimization for SUNRAY-01.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
Olomorasib + pembrolizumab
LOXO-RAS-20001: Part G 1L NSCLC (n=43)
SUNRAY-01: Dose Optimization 1L NSCLC (n=42)
Eligibility
▪ Confirmed Stage IIIB-IIIC or Stage IV non-squamous KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC
▪ No prior therapy for advanced or metastatic NSCLC
– Patients may have received up to one cycle of SOC pembrolizumab prior to enrollment (21-day cycle of pembrolizumab 200 mg)
▪ PD-L1 expression 0-100%
▪ ECOG PS of 0-1
▪ Small (≤1.5 cm), asymptomatic untreated or treated stable brain metastases
Key Objectives
▪ Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics
▪ ORR, DOR, DCR, and PFS per RECIST v1.1
aDoses: Olomorasib 50 or 100 mg BID; Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W.
RESULTS
Table 1. Demographics and Baseline Characteristics | Olomorasib + pembrolizumab (N=85)
Age, median, years (range) | 69 (44-88)
Sex, Male / Female | 41 (48.2) / 44 (51.8)
Race, White / Asian / Black / Not reported | 48 (56.5) / 29 (34.1) / 2 (2.4) / 6 (7.1)
ECOG PS 0 / 1 | 39 (45.9) / 46 (54.1)
Former or current smoker / Never smoker / Unknown | 80 (94.1) / 4 (4.7) / 1 (1.2)
PD-L1 expression <1% | 13 (15.3); 1-49% | 18 (21.2); ≥50% | 54 (63.5)
Metastases at baseline: Brain 16 (18.8); Liver 11 (12.9); Bone 29 (34.1)
Received 1 cycle of SOC (pembrolizumab) prior to enrollment | 14 (16.5)
Data cutoff date of 5 March 2026. Includes n=42 treated at 50 mg BID and n=43 treated at 100 mg BID of olomorasib.
Table 2. Response and Time-to-Event Endpoints in the Efficacy Evaluable Population
Outcomes | All Patients PD-L1 0-100% (N=84) | PD-L1 ≥50% (n=54)
ORR, % (n/N) | 72.6 (61/84) | 77.8 (42/54)
BOR, n (%): CR 3 (3.6) | 0 (0.0); PR 58 (69.0) | 42 (77.8); SD 15 (17.9) | 7 (13.0); PD 5 (6.0) | 3 (5.6); NE 3 (3.6) | 2 (3.7)
DCR, % (n/N) | 90.5 (76/84) | 90.7 (49/54)
Median DOR, months (95% CI) | NE (16.6-NE) | NE (NE-NE)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) | NE (13.4-NE) | NE (15.9-NE)
PFS rate, % (95% CI): 6-month 76.8 (66.1-84.6) | 81.0 (67.5-89.3); 12-month 65.0 (53.4-74.4) | 68.9 (54.3-79.7); 18-month 54.9 (43.0-65.3) | 64.5 (49.6-76.0)
Data cutoff date of 05 Mar 2026. Median follow-up time was 20.7 months (IQR: 18.0-23.0). Median time to response: 1.4 months (IQR: 1.4-1.7). Efficacy evaluable patients (n=84) are those who had at least one post-baseline response assessment or had discontinued treatment before the first post-baseline response assessment. ORR, DOR, and PFS were investigator assessed. Confirmed responses.
Figure 1. Best Change in Tumor Burden by PD-L1 Level in the Efficacy Evaluable Population
Figure 2. Treatment Duration by PD-L1 Level in the Efficacy Evaluable Population
▪ Median follow-up: 20.7 months (IQR: 18.0-23.0).
▪ Median duration of treatment: 13.6 months (IQR: 5.6-21.2).
Table 3. TRAEs by Grade with ≥10% Incidence in the Safety Population | Olomorasib + pembrolizumab (N=85) | Any Grade | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4
Any TRAE | 77 (90.6) | 11 (12.9) | 29 (34.1) | 31 (36.5) | 6 (7.1)
Diarrhea | 28 (32.9) | 9 (10.6) | 12 (14.1) | 7 (8.2) | -
ALT increased | 23 (27.1) | 6 (7.1) | 3 (3.5) | 13 (15.3) | 1 (1.2)
AST increased | 21 (24.7) | 4 (4.7) | 5 (5.9) | 11 (12.9) | 1 (1.2)
Nausea | 15 (17.6) | 9 (10.6) | 6 (7.1) | - | -
Fatigue | 14 (16.5) | 6 (7.1) | 8 (9.4) | - | -
Pruritus | 13 (15.3) | 9 (10.6) | 4 (4.7) | - | -
Vomiting | 12 (14.1) | 6 (7.1) | 5 (5.9) | 1 (1.2) | -
Decreased appetite | 9 (10.6) | 5 (5.9) | 4 (4.7) | - | -
Rash | 9 (10.6) | 6 (7.1) | 2 (2.4) | 1 (1.2) | -
Other TRAEs of interest: Pneumonitis/ILD | 3 (3.5) | 1 (1.2) | - | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.2)
▪ The safety profile remains consistent with an additional 9 months of follow-up time.
▪ TRAEs led to olomorasib dose reductions in 27 (31.8%) patients.
▪ TRAEs led to permanent discontinuation of the treatment regimen in 10 (11.8%) patients.
Data cutoff date of 05 Mar 2026. No Grade 5 TRAEs.
Figure 3. Hepatic Events Over Time in the Safety Population
▪ Median time to onset of Grade ≥3 hepatic events was 61 days (range, 23-302).
▪ Median duration of Grade ≥3 hepatic events was 7 days (range, 3-49).
▪ All Grade ≥3 hepatic events resolved to Grade 1 or baseline after dose modifications and/or corticosteroids.
▪ No confirmed Hy's Law.
Hepatic events include ALT increased, AST increased, hepatitis, immune hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and hepatotoxicity.
European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress Madrid, Spain; 23-27 October 2026
Melissa.johnson@scri.com
Slide: LBA64 abstract: final analysis of perioperative toripalimab plus chemotherapy in resectable
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥NEOTORCH: Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy as Perioperative Treatment for Resectable Stage II or III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Final Analysis of the Phase 3 Study
🎙️Dr. Shun Lu
🔢LBA64
🎯Significantly Improved EFS (NR vs 20.2mo, HR 0.52, p<0.0001; n=501) and OS (HR 0.66, p=0.0072)
🎯MPR 47.2% vs 9.2%, pCR 25.6% vs 1.2%
☑️NCT04158440
🔗 https://t.co/grEfaUchKN
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
LBA64 - Toripalimab plus chemotherapy as perioperative treatment for resectable stage II or III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Final analysis of the phase 3 Neotorch study
Speakers Shun Lu (Shanghai, China)
Lecture Time 15:23 - 15:33
Authors Shun Lu (Shanghai, China), Lin Wu (Changsha, China), Wenxiang Wang (Changsha, China), Longhua Sun (Nanchang, China), Peng Zhang (Shanghai, China), Wentao V. Fang (Shanghai, China), Zheng Yan (Zhengzhou, China), Qixun Chen (Hangzhou, China), Lin Yang (, China), Lijie Tan (Shanghai, China), Jiandong Mei (Chengdu, China), Jinlu Shan (Chongqing, China), Shidong Xu (Harbin, China), Xiaohong Sun (Urumqi Municipality, China), Nong Yang (Changsha, China), Xiaohua Hu (Nanning, China), Guohua Yu (Weifang, China, Kuiwen District), Dongliang Yu (Nanchang, China), Yuping Chen (Shantou, China), Ligang Xing (Jinan, China)
Abstract
Background
In the interim analysis of the Neotorch study, perioperative toripalimab plus chemotherapy significantly improved the event-free survival (EFS) in patients with resectable stage III NSCLC. Here, we report the final analysis in patients with Stage II or III disease.
Methods
Eligible adult patients with histologically confirmed resectable Stage II or III NSCLC (excluding patients with EGFR or ALK alterations for non-squamous NSCLC) were randomized 1: 1 to receive 240 mg toripalimab or placebo once every 3 weeks (Q3W) plus platinum-based chemotherapy for 3 cycles before surgery, 1 cycle after surgery, followed by toripalimab or placebo monotherapy for up to 13 cycles. The primary endpoints were EFS assessed by investigators (INV-EFS) and major pathological response rate by a blinded independent pathologic review (BIPR) in Stage III and Stage II or III populations. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, and safety.
Results
A total of 501 patients (404 Stage III, 97 Stage II) were randomized to toripalimab (n=250) or placebo (n=251) arms. By April 18, 2026, the median follow-up was 48.2 months. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the 2 arms. The INV-EFS was significantly improved in the toripalimab arm (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.52 ; 95% CI: 0.391, 0.677; p <0.0001). The OS was also significantly prolonged in the toripalimab arm (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.486, 0.894; p =0.0072). The BIPR-assessed MPR and pCR rates were much higher in the toripalimab arm (Table). The safety profile was consistent with the interim analysis, with no new safety signals identified (Table). Table: LBA64
Efficacy and safety summary
| Toripalimab arm (n=250) | Placebo arm (n=251)
INV-EFS, median (95% CI), m | NR (51.3, NE) | 20.2 (14.3, 24.8)
HR (95% CI) | 0.52 (0.391, 0.677)
p | <0.0001
BIPR-MPR rate, (95% CI), % | 47.2 (40.9, 53.6) | 9.2 (5.9, 13.4)
p | <0.0001
OS, median (95% CI), m | NR (NE, NE) | NR (58.6, NE)
HR (95% CI) | 0.66 (0.486, 0.894)
p | 0.0072
BIPR-pCR, (95% CI), % | 25.6 (20.3, 31.5) | 1.2 (0.2, 3.5)
p | <0.0001
Common adverse events, n (%)
Anaemia | 166 (66.4) | 163 (64.9)
Neutropenia | 145 (58.0) | 134 (53.4)
Leukopenia | 142 (56.8) | 127 (50.6)
Alanine aminotransferase increased | 83 (33.2) | 65 (25.9)
Thrombocytopenia | 76 (30.4) | 58 (23.1)
Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 76 (30.4) | 60 (23.9)
Decreased appetite | 75 (30.0) | 38 (15.1)
NR, not reached; NE, not estimable.
Conclusions
The addition of toripalimab to perioperative chemotherapy showed significant and clinically meaningful improvements in EFS, MPR rate, and OS for resectable Stage II or III NSCLC patients with a manageable safety profile.
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: EFS in stage II and III patients by investigator · 2) Slide: pathological response (MPR and pCR by BIPR) in stage II and III patients · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival in stage II and III patients
#ESMO26 Dr. Shun Lu gives us the final analysis of the phase III Neotorch trial: perioperative toripalimab + chemotherapy for resectable stage II/III NSCLC. With 48.2m follow up, EFS 0.52 (median NR vs 20), MPR 47% vs 9%, pCR 26% vs 1%, OS HR 0.66. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/4qsvyICFGa
[Slide 2]
EFS in Stage II and III Patients
EFS by investigator
Median follow-up: 48.2 months
Toripalimab Placebo
Median(95% CI): NR(51.3,NE) 20.2(14.3,24.8)
HR (95% CI) 0.52 (0.391,0.677)
P-value <0.0001
EFS by IRC
Median follow-up: 48.2 months
Toripalimab Placebo
Median(95% CI): NR(NE,NE) 22.6 (15.1, 45.8)
HR (95% CI) 0.53(0.395, 0.701)
P-value <0.0001
Event-free survival,% of patients
Follow-up,mo
No. at risk
Toripalimab
Placebo
NR, not reached; NE: not estimable; HR; Hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval
Data cutoff date: April 18, 2026
Shun Lu
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS (stage II and III), by investigator and by IRC
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Toripalimab (investigator-assessed) | 250 | NR | 51.3, NE
Placebo (investigator-assessed) | 251 | 20.2 | 14.3, 24.8
Toripalimab (IRC) | 250 | NR | NE, NE
Placebo (IRC) | 251 | 22.6 | 15.1, 45.8
HR: 0.52 (investigator); 0.53 (IRC)
HR CI: 0.391, 0.677 (investigator); 0.395, 0.701 (IRC)
P: <0.0001 (both)
Investigator: 24-mo 71.5 vs 45.5; 36-mo 63.1 vs 40.6 (toripalimab vs placebo, printed labels)
IRC: 24-mo 70.1 vs 48.4; 36-mo 64.0 vs 44.5 (toripalimab vs placebo, printed labels)
[Slide 3]
Pathological response in Stage II and III Patients
MPR by BIPR
Difference=38%
(95% CI: 31, 45)
P < 0.0001
Toripalimab + chemo 47.2
Placebo + chemo 9.2
pCR by BIPR
Difference=24%
(95% CI: 19, 30)
P < 0.0001
Toripalimab + chemo 25.6
Placebo + chemo 1.2
HR; Hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval
Data cutoff date: April 18, 2026
Shun Lu
[Slide 4]
Overall Survival in Stage II and III Patients
Median follow-up: 48.2 months; maturity: 34.3%
Toripalimab Placebo
Overall survival,% of patients
Follow-up,mo
No. at risk(censor)
N 250 251
Events, n(%) 73(29.2) 99(39.4)
Median OS (95% CI), mo NR(NE, NE) NR(58.6, NE)
HR (95% CI) 0.66(0.49, 0.89)
P-value 0.0072
NR, not reached; NE, not estimable; HR; Hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval
Data cutoff date: April 18, 2026
Shun Lu
Survival table
Endpoint: OS (stage II and III)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Toripalimab | 250 | NR | NE, NE
Placebo | 251 | NR | 58.6, NE
HR: 0.66
HR CI: 0.49, 0.89
P: 0.0072
24-mo 84% vs 78% (toripalimab vs placebo, printed labels)
36-mo 78% vs 67% (toripalimab vs placebo, printed labels)
1) Trial design schema: study design: perioperative toripalimab plus platinum · 2) Biomarker data: final analysis: event-free survival by PD-L1 expression subgroup
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥NEOTORCH: Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy as Perioperative Treatment for Resectable Stage II or III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Final Analysis of the Phase 3 Study
🎙️Dr. Shun Lu
🔢LBA64
🎯Significantly Improved EFS (NR vs 20.2mo, HR 0.52, p<0.0001; n=501) and OS (HR 0.66, p=0.0072)
🎯MPR 47.2% vs 9.2%, pCR 25.6% vs 1.2%
☑️NCT04158440
🔗 https://t.co/grEfaUchKN
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
Neotorch Study Design
Neoadjuvant* | Adjuvant | Maintenance
- Newly diagnosed resectable stage II-III NSCLC
- EGFR/ALK wild type
- Biopsy tissue available for biomarker analysis
- Measurable lesion(s)
1:1 (N=501)
Toripalimab 240mg + Platinum-based chemotherapy Q3W 3 cycles
Placebo + Platinum-based chemotherapy Q3W 3 cycles
SURGERY
Toripalimab 240mg + Platinum-based chemotherapy Q3W 1 cycle
Placebo + Platinum-based chemotherapy Q3W 1 cycle
Toripalimab 240mg Q3W up to 13 cycles
Placebo Q3W up to 13 cycles
Follow Up
Primary endpoints:
- EFS by Investigator (stage III)
- EFS by Investigator (stage II-III)
- MPR by BIPR (stage III)
- MPR by BIPR (stage II-III)
Secondary Endpoints:
- Overall survival
- pCR by BIPR/site pathologist for stage III and stage II-III
- EFS by IRC for stage III and stage II-III
- Disease-free survival
- Safety and feasibility of surgery
Stratification factors:
- II vs IIIA vs IIIB
- Lobectomy vs pneumonectomy
- Non-squamous vs squamous
- PD-L1 TC expression: ≥ 1% vs < 1% or non-evaluable
EFS: event-free survival; MPR: major pathological response; pCR: pathologic complete response; BIPR: blinded independent pathologic review; IRC: independent review committee
* 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 4 cycles of peri-operative chemotherapy in total were required with in Neotorch study, meanwhile, surgeons were allowed to determine the most appropriate timing for surgery based on the patient's condition.
Shun Lu
[Slide 3]
EFS in Different PD-L1 Expression Subgroups
PD-L1 < 1% (n=129)
PD-L1 1-49% (n=164)
PD-L1 ≥ 50% (n=157)
Toripalimab | Placebo
Median EFS 51.3 vs. 20.2 months
HR = 0.72 (95% CI 0.436-1.191)
Median EFS 40.9 vs. 15.4 months
HR = 0.41 (95% CI 0.264-0.631)
Median EFS NR vs. NR months
HR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.262-0.812)
Event-free survival,% of patients
Follow-up,mo
No. at risk
NR, not reached; HR; Hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval
Data cutoff date: April 18, 2026
Shun Lu
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS by PD-L1 subgroup
Toripalimab, PD-L1 <1% | 63 | 51.3 mo
Placebo, PD-L1 <1% | 66 | 20.2 mo
Toripalimab, PD-L1 1-49% | 85 | 40.9 mo
Placebo, PD-L1 1-49% | 79 | 15.4 mo
Toripalimab, PD-L1 ≥50% | 75 | NR
Placebo, PD-L1 ≥50% | 82 | NR
PD-L1 <1%: HR 0.72 (95% CI 0.436-1.191)
PD-L1 1-49%: HR 0.41 (95% CI 0.264-0.631)
PD-L1 ≥50%: HR 0.47 (95% CI 0.262-0.812)
1) Safety data: PEARLS trial adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo: adverse · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: From LACE pooled analysis to PEARLS trial · 3) Slide: Heterogeneous results with adjuvant IO in NSCLC: IMpower010, BR.31
#ESMO26 Some very important points brought up by Dr. @JordiRemon on the real value of adjuvant immunotherapy for resected NSCLC. What is the value of improving DFS without OS benefit? Neoadjuvant approach much clearer but perhaps we need to develop smarter.
Happy Birthday to Dr. Remon!!
[Slide 1]
PEARLS Trial: Adjuvant Pembrolizumab vs. Placebo
AEs were monitored through 30 days after last study dose | Pembro Arm (n = 580) | Placebo Arm (n = 581)
Any AE 556 (95.9) | 529 (91.0)
Grade 3–5 197 (34.0) | 149 (25.6)
Led to death 11 (1.9) | 6 (1.0)
Led to treatment discontinuation 116 (20.0) | 34 (5.9)
Treatment-related AEs 436 (75.2) | 305 (52.5)
Grade 3–5 89 (15.3) | 25 (4.3)
Led to death 4 (0.7)b | 0
Led to treatment discontinuation 99 (17.1) | 19 (3.3)
[row label obscured] [obscured].9) | 80 (13.8)
[row label obscured] [obscured]9) | 11 (1.9)
[row label obscured] [obscured]) | 0
[row label obscured] [obscured].3) | 9 (1.5)
• What about long term AEs, irAES?
• High discontinuation rates → Do all patients need 1-year of ADJ IO?
• Can we preserve the DFS benefit while reducing the treatment exposure?
• How do we select fit patients for ADJ IO?
INITIALLY REGISTERED N=1955 → RANDOMISED N=1177 (60%) → 580 RECEIVED ≥1 DOSE ADJ IO → COMPLETED ADJ IO n=300 (52%) / DISCONTINUED ADJ IO n=280. Most common reason AEs 131/280 (47%)
O'Brien – ESMO 2026 (Table modified) * O'Brien – Lancet Oncol 2022
[Slide 2]
From LACE Pooled analysis to PEARLS trial
A Overall Survival (%) — Chemotherapy / No chemotherapy — Time From Randomization (years)
Deaths / person years by period: Years 0-3 | Years 4-5 | Years ≥ 6
Control 966 / 5,155 | 239 / 1,668 | 49 / 720
Chemotherapy 857 / 5,181 | 203 / 1,817 | 76 / 790
B Disease-Free Survival (%) — Chemotherapy / No chemotherapy
Events / person years by period: Years 0-3 | Years 4-5 | Years ≥ 6
Control 1,222 / 4,341 | 163 / 1,396 | 35 / 610
Chemotherapy 1,047 / 4,627 | 159 / 1,606 | 59 / 708
Chemotherapy Arm in PEARLS trial
↑ 5y OS
~ 5y DFS
PEARLS Overall Survival, % — 6 Years: 68.5% (95% CI, 64.5–72.1) | 66.4% (95% CI, 62.4–70.1)
No. at risk Pembro 590 551 513 475 441 406 361 206 90 25 0
Placebo 587 556 510 459 428 399 354 202 81 27 0
PEARLS Disease-Free Survival, % — 6 Years: 44.0% (95% CI, 39.7–48.2) | 39.2% (95% CI, 35.0–43.2)
Is a 5% DFS benefit clinically meaningful if there is no OS benefit, considering the 31% reduction in lung cancer deaths?
Pignon – JCO 2008 * NSCLC Meta analysis – Lancet 2010 (5y OS adjuvant CT 64%) * O'Brien – ESMO 2026
[Slide 3]
Heterogeneous results with ADJ IO
IMpower010 trial BSC vs. Atezolizumab — sII-IIIAPDL1≥1% (US flag), PDL1≥50% (EU flag) — DFS sII-IIIA PDL1 ≥1%: 37,3 vs 68,5
PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 trial Placebo vs. Pembrolizumab — All PDL1, post-ADJ CT — DFS ITT: 43,3 vs 58,7; DFS PDL1 ≥50%: 47,6 vs 67
BR.31 trial Placebo vs. Durvalumab — DFS EGFR/ALK- PDL1 ≥25%: 60,2 vs 69,9
ALCHEMIST (EA5142) trial Placebo vs. Nivolumab — DFS ITT: 68,8 vs 71,3; DFS PDL1 ≥50%: 78,5 vs 89,8
Primary endpoint
IMpower010 HR: 0.70 (0.55-0.91)
PEARLS DFS ITT HR: 0.85 (0.73-0.98)*
PEARLS PDL1 ≥50% DFS IA3 HR: 0.83 (0.59-1.16) DFS Final HR: 0.87 (0.65-1.17)*
BR.31 HR: 0.93 (0.71-1.25)
ALCHEMIST ITT HR: 0.97 (0.81-1.17); PDL1 ≥50% HR: 0.86 (0.59-1.25)
Overall Survival
IMpower010 87.1 mo. vs. NE HR: 0.77 (0.56-1.06) Exploratory
PEARLS NR. vs. NR* HR: 0.98 (0.81-1.18) p=0.41
PEARLS PDL1 ≥50%: Not Reported
BR.31 NR vs NR HR: 0.98 (0.69-1.42)
ALCHEMIST: Not mature
Remon &Peters – Lancet Resp med 2026, modified (*HR according to last data presented by O'Brien at ESMO 2026. Note the median DFS in high PD-L1 is not based on final analysis as not reported )
1) Trial design schema: study design: adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: final analysis: disease-free survival curves · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: final analysis: overall survival curves, ITT · 4) Kaplan-Meier survival data: final analysis: lung cancer-specific survival
#ESMO26 Dr. Mary O'Brien presents final analysis of phase III PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 trial: adjuvant pembrolizumab for resected NSCLC with 87m f/u. In pts who received adjuvant chemo, DFS 58.7 vs 39.1m (HR 0.80) and no difference in survival: OS HR 0.91 with 6y DFS 69% vs 65%. In that group, improved lung cancer specific survival (HR 0.69, 6y rate 82% vs 75%). #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 1]
PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 Study Design (NCT02504372)
Randomized, triple-blind, Phase 3 Trial
Eligibility for Registration
• Confirmed stage IB (T ≥4 cm), II, or IIIA NSCLC per AJCC v7
• Complete surgical resection with negative margins (R0)
• Provision of tumor tissue for PD-L1 testing
PD-L1 testing (centrally using PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx)
Eligibility for Randomization
• No evidence of disease
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• Adjuvant chemotherapya
• Considered for stage IB (T ≥4 cm) disease
• Strongly recommended for stage II and IIIA disease
• Limited to ≤4 cycles
N~1180
R 1:1
Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W for ≤18 administrations (~1 y)
Placebo IV Q3W for ≤18 administrations (~1 y)
Randomization Stratification Factors
• Disease stage (IB vs II vs IIIA)
• PD-L1 TPS (<1% vs 1%–49% vs ≥50%)
• Receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy (yes or no)
• Geographic region (Asia vs Eastern Europe vs Western Europe vs rest of world)
Dual primary endpoints
• DFS in the ITT population
• DFS in the PD-L1 TPS ≥50% population
Secondary endpoints
• DFS in the PD-L1 TPS ≥1% population
• OS in ITT, PD-L1 TPS ≥50%, and PD-L1 TPS ≥1% populations
• Lung cancer–specific survival (LCSS) in the ITT population
• Safety
Exploratory endpoints
• Health-related quality of life
aParticipants began adjuvant chemotherapy ≤12 weeks of surgery and were randomized and received study treatment ≥3–≤12 weeks from last chemotherapy dose; participants who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy were randomized and received study treatment ≤12 wk of surgery.
[Slide 2]
Final Analysis: Disease-Free Survivala,b After 7 Years of Follow-Up
ITT Populationc
Received Adjuvant Chemo
Pts w/ Event | Median (95% CI), mo | HRd (95% CI)
Pembro | Placebo
6 Years
Disease-Free Survival, %
Time, mo
No. at risk
aPer RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment.
bDFS HR in the PD-L1 TPS ≥50% population was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.65–1.17).
cAmong DFS events, new malignancy events occurred in 55 participants (9.3%) in the pembrolizumab arm and 65 (11.1%) in the placebo arm.
dBased on the multivariate Cox regression model.
Median time from randomization to data cutoff (January 21, 2026) was 87.7 (range, 68.6–120.1) mo.
Survival table
Endpoint: DFS (investigator, RECIST v1.1)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Pembro (ITT) | 590 | 58.7 mo | 47.0–70.4
Placebo (ITT) | 587 | 43.3 mo | 35.0–55.6
Pembro (received adjuvant chemo) | 506 | 58.7 mo | 47.0–70.5
Placebo (received adjuvant chemo) | 504 | 39.1 mo | 31.3–51.7
HR: ITT 0.85; adjuvant chemo 0.80
HR CI: ITT 0.73–0.98; adjuvant chemo 0.68–0.94
ITT 6-yr DFS: pembro 44.0% (95% CI 39.7–48.2) vs placebo 39.2% (95% CI 35.0–43.2)
Adjuvant chemo 6-yr DFS: pembro 43.6% (95% CI 38.9–48.1) vs placebo 38.1% (95% CI 33.7–42.5)
PD-L1 TPS ≥50% DFS HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.65–1.17) (footnote)
[Slide 3]
Final Analysis: Overall Survival
ITT Population
Received Adjuvant Chemo
6 Years
Pts w/ Event | Median (95% CI), mo | HRa (95% CI)
Pembro | Placebo
Overall Survival, %
Time, mo
No. at risk
12.8% of participants (pembro arm) vs 29.3% (chemo arm) with PD received subsequent IO therapy
aBased on the multivariate Cox regression model.
bOne-sided P value based on the Wald Test in the multivariate Cox regression model.
Median time from randomization to data cutoff (January 21, 2026) was 87.7 (range, 68.6–120.1) mo.
Survival table
Endpoint: OS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Pembro (ITT) | 590 | NR | 100.5–NR
Placebo (ITT) | 587 | NR | 110.4–NR
Pembro (received adjuvant chemo) | 506 | NR | 100.5–NR
Placebo (received adjuvant chemo) | 504 | NR | 103.6–NR
HR: ITT 0.98; adjuvant chemo 0.91
HR CI: ITT 0.81–1.18; adjuvant chemo 0.74–1.12
P: ITT one-sided P = 0.41826
ITT 6-yr OS: pembro 68.5% (95% CI 64.5–72.1) vs placebo 66.4% (95% CI 62.4–70.1)
Adjuvant chemo 6-yr OS: pembro 68.9% (95% CI 64.6–72.8) vs placebo 65.4% (95% CI 61.0–69.4)
[Slide 4]
Final Analysis: Lung Cancer–Specific Survival
ITT Population
Received Adjuvant Chemo
6 Years
Pts w/ Event | Median (95% CI), mo | HRa (95% CI)
Pembro | Placebo
Disease-Free Survival, %
Time, mo
No. at risk
Non–lung cancer causes of death | CV disease | COVID-19 | Other malignancy | Treatment-related AEs | Otherb
Pembro, n (%) | 12c (2.0) | 8 (1.4) | 9 (1.5) | 4 (0.7) | 71 (12.1)
Placebo, n (%) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | 13 (2.2) | 0 | 67 (11.4)
aBased on the multivariate Cox regression model.
bOther includes other causes, other chronic disease, and unknown causes.
cIncludes 1 death that was also associated with COVID-19.
Median time from randomization to data cutoff (January 21, 2026) was 87.7 (range, 68.6–120.1) mo.
Survival table
Endpoint: Lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Pembro (ITT) | 590 | NR | NR–NR
Placebo (ITT) | 587 | NR | NR–NR
Pembro (received adjuvant chemo) | 506 | NR | NR–NR
Placebo (received adjuvant chemo) | 504 | NR | NR–NR
HR: ITT 0.81; adjuvant chemo 0.69
HR CI: ITT 0.63–1.03; adjuvant chemo 0.53–0.91
ITT 6-yr LCSS: pembro 81.3% (95% CI 77.7–84.4) vs placebo 76.9% (95% CI 73.1–80.2)
Adjuvant chemo 6-yr LCSS: pembro 81.6% (95% CI 77.7–84.9) vs placebo 75.0% (95% CI 70.8–78.7)
1) Safety data: Roberto Ferrara agenda slide: immunotherapy generations · 2) Slide: How to improve anti-CTLA-4 antibodies: Fc-enhanced SCORPION vs bispecific CRAB · 3) Safety data: Anti-TIGIT antibodies: tiragolumab (Fc-active) vs rilvegostomig
#ESMO26 Dr. @RobertoFerrara_ explains next-generation immune toxicities seen with next-generation immunotherapies. Rational design of SCORPION vs CRAB antibodies is a good example of intentional design to address toxicities. Very helpful overview. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/FAFAXT3BcT
[Slide 2]
My Agenda
Immunotherapy 1.0
PD-1 and CTLA-4 single target antibodies
Toxicity 1.0
Single target toxicity
Immunotherapy 2.0
Bispecific antibodies
Toxicity 2.0
Multi-targets toxicity
Immunotherapy 3.0
T-cells engagers
Toxicity 3.0
«T-cells storm» toxicity
ROBERTO FERRARA
[Slide 3]
How to improve anti-CTLA-4 antibodies
Fc: the NEGLECTED HALF of the antibodies
SCORPION antibody: Enhanced Fc region
→ increased depletion of CTLA-4+ cells (namely T-regs)
Periphery · normal tissue
T cell
PD-1 only
dissociates
Only one arm can bind
low avidity → it lets go
peripheral T cells are spared
Tumour microenvironment
PD-1 CTLA-4
TIL
PD-1 + CTLA-4
Both arms bind at once
high avidity → it stays
the drug is retained in the tumour
Fv
Fab
Fc
Bispecific CTLA-4 / PD-(L)1 antibodies
CRAB antibody: 2 claws - 2 targets
higher avidity in the microenvironment
→ low peripheral effect and toxicity
IgG1 anti-CTLA-4: Fc engagement can deplete Tregs by ADCC
Ipilimumab
Treg
FcγR
NK cell / macrophage
Treg killed
CTLA-4
1 binds CTLA-4 on the Treg 2 Fc engages FcγR 3 Treg killed (ADCC / ADCP)
[Slide 4]
The anti-TIGIT species: a different story
SCORPION anti-TIGIT
• Tiragolumab (IgG1 human, Fc active)
CRAB anti-TIGIT/PD-1
• Rilvegostomig Bispecific TIGIT/PD1
(IgG1 humanized – reduced Fc fuction)
TRAEs G3/G4 20% 8%
Rilvegostomig
Immune-mediated rash, any grade 42% 8%
Tiragolumab
Infusion reactions any grade 12% 6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Tiragolumab + atezolizumab (SKYSCRAPER-01) — Fc-active
Rilvegostomig (ARTEMIDE-01) — Fc-silent bispecific
Tiragolumab →CRS-like tox: rash and infusion reactions
Rilvegostomig → low rate grade 3-4 tox
Peters JCO 2026, Jonhson ASCO 2022, Rohrberg Clinical Cancer Res 2026
ROBERTO FERRARA
Poster no. 2577 ESMO 2026
Tambotatug pelitecan (YL201): Efficacy and safety in locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC from a phase 1 study
Stephen V. Liu, Valentina Gambardella, Bernard Doger de Spéville, Siqing Fu, Deborah Doroshow, Shiraj Sen, Ulka Vaishampayan, Steve Chin, Xian Zhang, Ying Sun, Barbara Gitlitz, Mark Yan, Anjali Rohatgi
BACKGROUND
• Tambotatug pelitecan (Tam-Peli [YL201]) is an optimized antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that consists of a human anti-B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3) antibody linked to a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via the tumor microenvironment activable linker-payload (TMALIN®) platform (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Tam-Peli mechanism of action
Target: B7-H3 • Highly expressed across various solid tumors, on tumor cells, and in the tumor microenvironment • Minimally expressed in healthy tissue
Payload • Novel topoisomerase I inhibitor payload • Eight molecules of cytotoxic payload per antibody
Linker • Highly hydrophilic and plasma-stable linker to minimize premature payload release
Dual release of payload TMALIN® technology 1. Intracellular release of payload 2. Extracellular cleavage releasing payload directly into the tumor microenvironment
• Tam-Peli showed promising antitumor activity in a combined analysis from two phase 1 studies (INT-101-01 [NCT05434234] and CN-101-01 [NCT06057922]) in patients with previously treated solid tumors, including previously treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
• Tam-Peli showed a significant progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival benefit over chemotherapy in previously treated, extensive stage small cell lung cancer in the ongoing phase 3 TAISHAN-302 study, which is conducted in China.
• We present safety and efficacy data of Tam-Peli in patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-squamous NSCLC from the dose-expansion phase of the global phase 1 INT-101-01 study.
METHODS
Figure 2. Study design for the global INT-101-01 study
Key eligibility for patients with NSCLC: • Locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC • No actionable genomic alterations • At least one line of prior therapy • ECOG PS 0–1
Dose escalation (3+3)*: Patients with previously treated NSCLC (N=19) 2.0 mg/kg (n=5)
R Randomization stratified by brain metastasis
Dose expansion: Patients with previously treated NSCLC 1.6 mg/kg Q3W (n=20); Patients with previously treated NSCLC 2.0 mg/kg Q3W (n=20)
• Primary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 and safety per CTCAE v5.0.
• Secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), and PFS.
RESULTS
Patients
• As of 10 April 2026, 40 patients with actionable genomic alteration-negative NSCLC were enrolled, of which 37 were included in the efficacy analysis set
– Baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1.
• Prior therapies included anti-programmed death-ligand 1 therapy (100%; n=40), platinum-based chemotherapy (100%; n=40), other chemotherapy (55%; n=22), and ADC therapy (5%; n=2)
– Prior radiotherapy had been received by 47.5% (n=19) of patients.
Table 1. Baseline characteristics (1.6 mg/kg n=20 | 2.0 mg/kg n=20 | All patients N=40)
Median age, years | 61.5 | 64.5 | 63.0
Distant metastasis: Brain | 4 (20.0) | 3 (15.0) | 7 (17.5)
Prior lines of therapy, Median, range | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–7) | 2 (1–7)
Efficacy
• In the efficacy-analysis set (n=37), Tam-Peli monotherapy demonstrated promising clinical activity (Table 2; Figure 3) with a confirmed ORR of 37.8% and a DCR of 91.9%.
• Clinical activity was observed in both dose cohorts, but appeared greater in the 2.0 mg/kg cohort than the 1.6 mg/kg cohort
– In the 2.0 mg/kg cohort, confirmed ORR was 44.4%, DCR was 100%, and median DOR was 6.8 months
– In the 1.6 mg/kg cohort, confirmed ORR was 31.6%, DCR was 84.2%, and median DOR was 4.2 months.
• PFS was relatively immature but, after a median follow-up of 5.6 months, the median PFS was 5.7 months in all patients, 8.0 months in the 2.0 mg/kg cohort, and 5.5 months in the 1.6 mg/kg cohort.
Table 2. Summary of response in the efficacy-analysis set* (1.6 mg/kg n=19 | 2.0 mg/kg n=18 | All patients n=37)
Unconfirmed ORR, n (%) [95% CI] | 7 (36.8) [16.3–61.6] | 11 (61.1) [35.7–82.7] | 18 (48.6) [31.9–65.6]
Confirmed ORR, n (%) [95% CI] | 6 (31.6) [12.6–56.6] | 8 (44.4) [21.5–69.2] | 14 (37.8) [22.5–55.2]
PR | 6 (31.6) | 8 (44.4) | 14 (37.8)
SD | 10 (52.6) | 10 (55.6) | 20 (54.1)
PD | 2 (10.5) | 0 | 2 (5.4)
NE | 1 (5.3) | 0 | 1 (2.7)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 84.2 (60.4–96.6) | 100 (81.5–100) | 91.9 (78.1–98.3)
Median DOR, months (95% CI) | 4.2 (4.1–NE) | 6.8 (2.9–NE) | 6.8 (2.9–NE)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) | 5.5 (2.7–NE) | 8.0 (4.2–NE) | 5.7 (4.8–NE)
*The efficacy-analysis set included patients who had received at least one dose of study drug.
Figure 3. PFS
Dose level | 1.6 mg/kg | 2.0 mg/kg
Median PFS | 5.5 (2.7–NE) | 8.0 (4.2–NE)
3 Months (%) | 73.1 (46.8–87.9) | 89.2 (63.1–97.2)
6 Months (%) | 30.0 (6.6–58.7) | 58.1 (30.7–77.9)
9 Months (%) | - (NE–NE) | 29.1 (1.8–68.2)
12 Months (%) | - (NE–NE) | 0.0 (NE–NE)
No. at risk 1.6 mg/kg 20 13 1 0; 2.0 mg/kg 20 16 6 1 0
Safety
• The median duration of treatment was 5.6 months in all patients, 6.3 months in the 2.0 mg/kg cohort, and 4.2 months in the 1.6 mg/kg cohort.
• The safety profile was generally similar between both dose cohorts (Table 3).
• Overall, 36 patients (90.0%) experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs)
– Grade ≥3 TRAEs were reported in 14 patients (35.0%)
– Two patients had a Grade 5 adverse event (AE), neither were treatment related
▪ Pneumothorax (n=1) in the 1.6 mg/kg cohort and brain edema (n=1) in the 2.0 mg/kg cohort
– TRAEs led to dose interruption in 11 patients (27.5%), to dose reduction in six patients (15.0%), and to treatment discontinuation in one patient (2.5%).
• Interstitial lung disease was reported in one patient (2.0 mg/kg dose cohort) which was Grade 3 (resolved) and considered treatment related by the investigator.
Table 3. Safety summary (1.6 mg/kg n=20 | 2.0 mg/kg n=20 | All patients N=40)
Median duration of treatment, months (range) | 4.2 (0.7–10.7) | 6.3 (0.7–10.3) | 5.6 (0.7–10.7)
Median number of treatment cycles received (range) | 5.5 (1–14) | 9.0 (1–13) | 8.0 (1–14)
TEAE | 20 (100) | 19 (95.0) | 39 (97.5)
TRAE | 19 (95.0) | 17 (85.0) | 36 (90.0)
Grade ≥3 TEAE | 13 (65.0) | 10 (50.0) | 23 (57.5)
Grade ≥3 TRAE | 6 (30.0) | 8 (40.0) | 14 (35.0)
Grade 5 TEAE | 1 (5.0) | 1 (5.0) | 2 (5.0)
Grade 5 TRAE | 0 | 0 | 0
SAE | 10 (50.0) | 6 (30.0) | 16 (40.0)
TRAE leading to Dose interruption | 5 (25.0) | 6 (30.0) | 11 (27.5)
Dose reduction | 3 (15.0) | 3 (15.0) | 6 (15.0)
Treatment discontinuation | 0 | 1 (5.0) | 1 (2.5)
Most common TRAEs (≥10% in all patients)
Fatigue | 9 (45.0) | 8 (40.0) | 17 (42.5)
Nausea | 7 (35.0) | 8 (40.0) | 15 (37.5)
Neutropenia | 7 (35.0) | 7 (35.0) | 14 (35.0)
Alopecia | 6 (30.0) | 8 (40.0) | 14 (35.0)
Anemia | 5 (25.0) | 6 (30.0) | 11 (27.5)
Leukopenia | 5 (25.0) | 4 (20.0) | 9 (22.5)
Diarrhea | 4 (20.0) | 5 (25.0) | 9 (22.5)
Vomiting | 5 (25.0) | 3 (15.0) | 8 (20.0)
Decreased appetite | 4 (20.0) | 1 (5.0) | 5 (12.5)
Thrombocytopenia | 3 (15.0) | 1 (5.0) | 4 (10.0)
Infusion-related reaction | 3 (15.0) | 1 (5.0) | 4 (10.0)
CONCLUSIONS
Tam-Peli showed encouraging antitumor activity in heavily pretreated, advanced NSCLC, with a favorable and manageable safety profile and only one case of interstitial lung disease (resolved).
Clinical activity appeared greater at the 2.0 mg/kg dose than the 1.6 mg/kg dose, and the safety profile was generally similar.
A dose of 2.0 mg/kg was selected for the ongoing TAISHAN-302 phase 3 study in relapsed small cell lung cancer, and for continued investigation of Tam-Peli in NSCLC.
Acknowledgments: This study was sponsored by MediLink Therapeutics and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM ESMO article card: osimertinib plus · 2) Slide: NEJM ESMO article card: divarasib vs control (sotorasib or adagrasib) · 3) Biomarker data: NEJM ESMO article card: sacituzumab tirumotecan plus · 4) Slide: NEJM ESMO article card: tarlatamab-durvalumab vs durvalumab maintenance
Anyone interested in cancer medicine needs to see the current front page of @NEJM
https://t.co/0cD1Skeabp
It's one historic advance after another after another on there right now https://t.co/twlEoVkqQO
[Slide 1]
Progression-free Survival in the Full Analysis Population
No. of Events/ No. of Patients
Median Progression-free Survival (95% CI)
mo
Osimertinib–Savolitinib 117/171 7.6 (5.6–9.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed 113/167 5.4 (4.2–5.8)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.55 (95% CI, 0.42–0.72)
P<0.001
Percentage of Patients
Months since Randomization
Osimertinib–savolitinib
Platinum–pemetrexed
36
10
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Osimertinib plus Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC
S. Lu and Others
In patients with EGFR-mutated and MET-altered non–small-cell lung cancer that had progressed during osimertinib therapy, osimertinib plus savolitinib (a MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor) led to longer survival than platinum–pemetrexed.
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (full analysis population)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib–savolitinib | 171 | 7.6 mo | 5.6–9.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 5.4 mo | 4.2–5.8
HR: 0.55
HR CI: 0.42–0.72
P: <0.001
12-month annotation printed on curve: 36 (osimertinib–savolitinib) vs 10 (platinum–pemetrexed), percent
[Slide 2]
Percentage of Patients without an Event
Months
Divarasib
Control
65.7
47.8
43.9
24.0
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Divarasib for KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC
F. Skoulidis and Others
In patients with previously treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer with a KRAS G12C mutation, median progression-free survival was 9.8 months with the KRAS G12C inhibitor divarasib and 5.7 months with sotorasib or adagrasib.
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (figure axis: percentage of patients without an event)
Divarasib | 9.8 mo
Control (sotorasib or adagrasib) | 5.7 mo
6-month annotation printed on curve: 65.7 (divarasib) vs 47.8 (control), percent
12-month annotation printed on curve: 43.9 (divarasib) vs 24.0 (control), percent
[Slide 3]
Percentage of Patients
Months
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab
51.1
(95% CI, 41.5–59.9)
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab
22.8
(95% CI, 15.3–31.3)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan–Pembrolizumab for NSCLC
F. Zhou and Others
Among patients with PD-L1–negative advanced nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer, progression-free survival was longer with sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab than with chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab (15.0 vs. 5.7 months).
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab | 15.0 mo
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab | 5.7 mo
12-month annotation printed on curve: 51.1% (95% CI, 41.5–59.9) vs 22.8% (95% CI, 15.3–31.3)
[Slide 4]
Percentage of Patients
Months
Tarlatamab–durvalumab
Durvalumab
91.5
79.4
74.6
53.3
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Tarlatamab–Durvalumab in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
M. Pérol and Others
In a prespecified interim analysis of a phase 3 trial involving patients with extensive-stage SCLC, the median overall survival was 21.1 months with tarlatamab–durvalumab maintenance therapy and 12.7 months with durvalumab alone.
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (prespecified interim analysis; figure axis unlabeled beyond percentage of patients)
Tarlatamab–durvalumab | 21.1 mo
Durvalumab | 12.7 mo
6-month annotation printed on curve: 91.5 (tarlatamab–durvalumab) vs 74.6 (durvalumab), percent
12-month annotation printed on curve: 79.4 vs 53.3, percent
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: overall survival KM curve, NEJM · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Anbenitamab plus HB1801 BICR PFS · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: VOLGA durvalumab-EV vs control
Lots of exciting developments at #ESMO26! Several important studies were also published simultaneously in major medical journals. A few highlights:
1. Small-cell lung cancer (NEJM): Adding tarlatamab to first-line durvalumab maintenance improved median overall survival from 12.7 to 21.1 months in the phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial.
2. HER2-positive breast cancer (NEJM): Anbenitamab, a HER2-targeted bispecific antibody, plus HB1801 improved 24-month progression-free survival to 58.5% vs 34.4% with standard therapy (HR 0.46).
3. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NEJM): Perioperative durvalumab plus neoadjuvant enfortumab vedotin improved 24-month event-free survival to 63.5% vs 45.1% with surgery alone.
4. HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (Lancet): The EGFR/HER3-targeted bispecific antibody-drug conjugate izalontamab brengitecan doubled median progression-free survival versus chemotherapy (8.2 vs 4.0 months; HR 0.41) in the phase 3 PANKU-Breast01 trial.
5. Melanoma (Nature Medicine): Five-year RELATIVITY-047 results showed sustained overall survival benefit with nivolumab + relatlimab vs nivolumab alone (HR 0.78).
Full publications below 👇
[Slide 2]
Progression-free Survival as Assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review
Percentage of Patients (0-100)
58.5 | Anbenitamab plus HB1801
34.4 | THP
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death,
0.46 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.56)
P<0.001
Months since Randomization (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Anbenitamab plus HB1801 for Advanced Breast Cancer
J. Wang and Others
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by BICR
Anbenitamab plus HB1801
THP
HR: 0.46
HR CI: 0.37 to 0.56
P: P<0.001
Landmark rates:
24 months: Anbenitamab plus HB1801 58.5 | THP 34.4
[Slide 3]
Percentage of Patients (0-100)
73.1 | 63.5 | Durvalumab-EV
50.3 | 45.1 | Control
Months since Randomization (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Durvalumab Regimens in Invasive Bladder Cancer
T. Powles and Others
Survival table
Endpoint: Not printed (likely EFS; curve title not shown)
Durvalumab-EV
Control
Landmark rates:
12 months: Durvalumab-EV 73.1 | Control 50.3
24 months: Durvalumab-EV 63.5 | Control 45.1
THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Tarlatamab–Durvalumab Maintenance for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer
THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan plus Pembrolizumab in PD-L1–Negative Advanced NSCLC
Primary results from the Krascendo 1 study are available online now at the New England Journal of Medicine
Divarasib as Compared with Sotorasib or Adagrasib in KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC
THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Osimertinib–Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC after Progression during EGFR-TKI Therapy
Publication
THE LANCET
Izalontamab brengitecan versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer after progression on third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (PANKU-Lung01): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial in China
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(26)02026-X
THE LANCET
Ruzaltatug rezetecan versus chemotherapy for EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer progressing after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (HERON-Lung01): interim analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial in China
thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(26)01899-4/fulltext
Pembrolizumab with or without platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC expressing PD-L1 ≥50%: The PERSEE randomized phase III trial (GFPC 01-2020)
DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2026.10.108
Simultaneous publication
Extended follow-up of tarlatamab in patients with small-cell lung cancer after platinum-based chemotherapy in the randomized phase III DeLLphi-304 study
---
The article is simultaneously published in Annals of Oncology
DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2026.10.094
Conclusions
• In NeoCOAST-2, novel perioperative combination regimens demonstrated prolonged EFS, with 24-month EFS rates ranging from 70.5% to 77.9% across arms.
• Neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance was associated with improved EFS in all arms, supporting previous analyses and highlighting neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance as a potential prognostic biomarker.
– Patients with both ctDNA clearance at CT and pCR had the longest EFS.
• No new safety signals were identified during adjuvant treatment when compared with the primary analysis.
• The findings available to date, including pCR rates reported in the primary analysis and the EFS and ctDNA data reported here, warrant further evaluation of combinations with Dato-DXd in resectable NSCLC.
– In this analysis, patients in Arm 4 had the numerically highest ctDNA clearance rate.
A manuscript containing additional EFS, ctDNA, and safety data from these analyses has been published simultaneously in Nature (McGrath L, et al. Nature 2026) and can be accessed via the QR code.
nature medicine
Neoadjuvant durvalumab plus chemotherapy in resectable or borderline resectable non-small-cell lung cancer: the phase 2 MDT-BRIDGE trial
Dalmelitinib plus Aumolertinib in Advanced NSCLC Patients With EGFR-TKI-Resistance and MET-Amplification: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial
Primary Endpoint-PFS by BICR
HR 0.60
40% reduction in risk of disease progression or death
Relevance
Journal of Clinical Oncology
1) Slide: Discussant Jordi Remon on stage at ESMO 2026 with partially visible · 2) Slide: in the current treatment landscape: cross-trial pCR, EFS and OS · 3) Slide: Similar EFS and OS across neoadjuvant and perioperative NSCLC trials · 4) Slide: What is the added value of adjuvant therapy? EFS by receipt of adjuvant
#ESMO26 One of my favorite discussant. Dr @JordiRemon discusses early stage immunotherapy abstracts. Many options in the neoadjuvant and perioperative space, summarized beautifully. What is the value of adjuvant immunotherapy? Is receipt of adjuvant therapy a surrogate for fitness? #ESMOAmbassadors
1) Trial design schema: HERON-Lung01 study design: ruzaltatug rezetecan · 2) Trial design schema: study design: osimertinib plus savolitinib · 3) Trial design schema: study design: sacituzumab tirumotecan · 4) Trial design schema: PANKU-Lung01 study design: iza-bren
A lot of new data on 2L post-EGFR TKI NSCLC treatment options in #ESMO26. What can we make of it all?
OptiTROP-Lung04:
👉 Sacituzumab-TMT (TROP2 ADC) vs. chemo
🔹 China-only, Ph3, randomised, open-label
✅ Previously positive PFS (ESMO 2025)
✅ Improved OS, 25.9 v 17.4m: HR 0.69
⚠️ Similar TRAEs, slightly more Gr1-2 with Saci-TMT
SAFFRON:
👉 Adding Savolitinib to Osimertinib in MET over-expressing (OE) / amplified
🔹 Global, Ph3, randomised v chemo
✅ Improves mPFS 7.6m v 5.4m: HR 0.55
✅ Similar benefit for OE & amplified pts
✅ Improved OS 17.8m v 12.9m: HR 0.68
⚠️ Lower Gr3+ AEs (40% v 52%) but higher Gr1-2 toxicity - oedema as expected
PANKU-Lung01:
👉 Iza-Bren (EGFR x HER3 ADC) v chemo
🔹 China-only, Ph3, randomised
✅ Improved mPFS 11.7 v 5.7m: HR 0.40
✅ Improved ORR 60% v 34%
❓OS, immature
⚠️ Higher Gr3+ AEs (78% v 62%). Mainly myelosupression
⚠️ High dose interruption (53%) & reduction (60%)
⚠️ Needs GCSF prophylaxis
HERON-Lung01:
👉 Rus-Rez (HER3 ADC) v chemo
🔹 China-only, Ph3, randomised
✅ Improves mPFS, 8.3m v 5.4m: HR 0.47
❓OS, immature
⚠️ Similar Gr3+ TRAEs, but higher Gr-2 AEs. Mainly myelosupression
…and add to this current / other options:
🔸 Pemetrexed & carboplatin
🔸 COMPEL: Osimertinib + chemo
🔸 MARIPOSA-2: Amivantamab + chemo
🔸 HARMONi: Ivonescimab + chemo
🤯
So, how do we interpret this?
🤔 Extraordinary proliferation of 2L options. Impossible to know today which is best
🤔 China-only studies needs global validation, as EGFR population different to rest of world
🤔 A biomarker driven option (SAFFRON) appealing, although only minority of patients MET OE/amp
🤔 Arrival of active ADCs very welcome, but biomarkers needed to better select patients
🤔 ADCs not necessarily less toxic than chemo: perhaps no increase in Gr3+, but a lot of Gr1-2 AEs
🤔 What is available 2L will impact on what we choose in 1L. In turn, what we choose 1L may impact on what we can use 2L (e.g. different MET alterations with Ami/Laz)
Conclusions: hugely complex. Only answerable with longer follow up & global studies.
#LCSM
[Slide 1]
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
Study Design
HERON-Lung01: an open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial (NCT06671379)
Key eligibility criteria
• Locally advanced/metastatic Nsq NSCLC
• Confirmed EGFR mutation (L858R/Ex19del*)
• Progression during/after EGFR-TKI
– Prior 3rd gen TKI required for T790M tumors
• No other prior systemic therapy permitted†
• ECOG PS 0–1
Stratification factors
• Brain metastases (yes vs no)
• EGFR mutation type (L858R vs Ex19del)
• Prior first-line 3rd gen EGFR-TKI (yes vs no)
R 1:1
Ruzaltatug rezetecan 8 mg/kg Q3W, IV
Carboplatin AUC5/ Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 Q3W for 4 cycles + Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 Q3W
Crossover permitted at PD
Ruzaltatug rezetecan 8 mg/kg Q3W, IV
Primary endpoint
• PFS per BICR
Secondary endpoints
• OS
• PFS per INV
• ORR per BICR and INV
• DCR per BICR and INV
• DoR per BICR and INV
• Safety
*EGFR mutation status was based on tissue or blood testing. †Prior anti-angiogenic agents in combination with EGFR-TKI were permitted. BICR, blinded independent central review; DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; Gen, generation; INV, investigator; Nsq, non-squamous; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PD, progressive disease; PFS, progression-free survival
Chongrui Xu
Ruzaltatug rezetecan, a HER3-directed ADC, vs platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC progressing after EGFR-TKI: Interim analyses (IA) from the phase 3 HERON-Lung01 trial
[Slide 2]
CHAIRS: GIUSEPPE CURIGLIANO, YELENA JANJIGIAN
SAFFRON study design
Key inclusion criteria
• Aged ≥18 years (≥19 years in the Republic of Korea)
• EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R, and/or T790M) locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC
• MET overexpression (IHC3+≥90%) and/or amplification (FISH10+)* centrally confirmed with post-progression tissue biopsy
• Progression on 1L or 2L osimertinib as the most recent anticancer treatment†
• ECOG PS 0 / 1
• Stable CNS metastases were allowed
N = 324
R 1:1
Stratified by:
Race (Asian / non-Asian)
Baseline brain metastases (Yes / no)
Line of treatment (2L / 3L)
Osimertinib 80 mg QD + savolitinib 300 mg BID‡
Treatment beyond PD allowed per investigator discretion¶
Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 + carboplatin AUC5 / cisplatin 75 mg/m2 (Q3W for 4 cycles)
Maintenance pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 (Q3W)‡
Investigator-assessed PD (per RECIST v1.1) or discontinuation
Endpoints
Primary: PFS by BICR per RECIST v1.1 in the FAS
Key secondary / exploratory:
• PFS by investigator, OS, ORR, DoR, DCR and tumour shrinkage in the FAS
• PFS in patients in the MET-overexpressed (IHC3+≥90%) or MET-amplified (FISH10+) analysis sets
• Safety in the SAF
*MET IHC and FISH cut-offs were identified in preliminary analyses of the Phase II SAVANNAH study.1
Shun Lu
Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results
[Slide 3]
10:15 - 11:45 Proffered paper 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIR: SURESH SENAN
OptiTROP-Lung04 Study Design
Randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 3 trial (NCT05870319)
Key Eligibility
• ECOG score 0 or 1
• Nsq-NSCLC (stage IIIB/IIIC or stage IV)
• EGFR-sensitive mutations
• Progression after 3rd gen TKI therapy or progression after 1st or 2nd gen TKIs with negative T790M
R 1:1
N=376
Sac-TMT 5 mg/kg IV, Q2W (n=188)
• Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 + Carboplatin AUC 5 or Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 Q3W for up to 4 cycles
• Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 maintenance, Q3W (n=188)
Treatment until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or patient request to discontinue treatment.
Primary endpoints*
• PFS assessed by BICR
Secondary endpoints*
• OS (key secondary endpoint)
• PFS assessed by investigator
• ORR, DCR, DOR, etc.
• Safety
Stratification factors:
1. Prior EGFR-TKI therapy (3rd gen TKI in 1st line vs in 2nd line vs no 3rd gen TKI)
2. Brain metastases (yes vs no)
Pre-specified final analysis for OS:
• approximately 250 OS events have occurred
*Tumor response was assessed using RECIST version 1.1.
BICR, blinded independent central review; DCR, disease control rate; DOR, duration of response; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IA, interim analysis; ORR, objective response rate; R, randomization; RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.
Professor Wenfeng Fang
Wen Feng Fang
Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
[Slide 4]
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
PANKU-Lung01 Study Design
PANKU-Lung01 study is an open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase III study
Key eligibility criteria
• Locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC
• Documented EGFR sensitizing mutant (exon 19 deletion or L858R)
• Progressed on prior 3rd-generation EGFR TKI therapy (up to 2 prior lines of EGFR TKI)
• Treated/stable CNS metastasis allowed
• Measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1
• ECOG PS 0-1
R 1:1 N=432
Iza-bren 2.5 mg/kg D1D8 Q3W
PBC Pemetrexed + Cisplatin/Carboplatin Q3W
Stratified by
• ECOG PS (0 vs 1)
• CNS metastases (Yes vs No)
• Prior anti-angiogenic therapy (Yes vs No)
Treatment until
Disease progression per RECIST v1.1 or intolerable toxicity
Primary endpoint: PFS (BICR)
Key secondary endpoint: OS
HPFS α=0.025 → HOS α=0
Other secondary endpoints
• PFS (INV)
• ORR (BICR & INV)
• DCR (BICR & INV)
• DOR (BICR & INV)
• Safety, PK, Immunogenicity
Note: Iza-bren was dosed with 10% compensation per protocol; pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 plus cisplatin 75 mg/m2 or pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 plus carboplatin (AUC 5) Q3W.
ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; Q3W, every 3 weeks; AUC, area under the curve; CNS, central nervous system
PFS, progression-free survival; BICR, blinded independent central review; OS, overall survival; INV, investigator assessed; ORR, objective response rate (confirmed); DCR, disease control rate; DOR, duration of response.
Li Zhang
PANKU-Lung01: Randomized phase III study of izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren) in EGFR-mutant non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI
Trial design schema: Natasha B. Leighl discussant slide
Overwhelmed by the incredible, practice-changing studies presented at the #ESMO26 Presidential Session! So much progress, so much hope, and above all, a huge win for our patients! @OncoAlert @myESMO https://t.co/3PrS9lRpPv
1) Slide: Discussant table comparing with other Chinese and global perioperative · 2) Slide: Close-up discussant slide: vs global perioperative IO trials
#ESMO26: Another flawless discussion by @JordiRemon on the perioperative IO session:
✅ 5 trials with reported OS benefit of a periop approach
❌ Biomarkers: PDL1 suboptimal and inconsistent, TMB prognostic, without defined cutoff, TcellGEP sign prognostic
❓ Still the question of the contribution of adjuvant component remains, de-escalation/ intensification trials ongoing
#ESMOAmbassadors
Slide: Ben Levy discussant slide: 'The rules for my clinic next week'
🎯 #ESMO26 | Excellent discussion by @benlevylungdoc on SARON and PERSEE!
Two trials, two important lessons for advanced NSCLC.
🔹 SARON: Consolidative radiotherapy improved PFS and local disease control in oligo metastatic NSCLC, but no OS benefit (HR 0.99).
🔹 PERSEE: Pembrolizumab + chemo met its primary endpoint PFS but not OS though numerically better (not powered for OS) in PD-L1 ≥50% NSCLC.
Key messages from @benlevylungdoc :
• Oligometastatic disease needs better biological definition, beyond the number of lesions.
• Treatment intensification should be guided by better patient selection.
• More treatment does not automatically mean better outcomes!
- Lower threshold to add chemo to pembro in PD-L1 >50%
👏 A thoughtful discussion with practical implications for our clinics.
#ESMOAmbassador #LungCancer #NSCLC
The rules for my clinic next week
• For a patient with driver-negative oligometastatic NSCLC: I will no longer routinely refer for local consolidative RT/SABR solely because a patient meets oligometastatic criteria
• For a patient with PD-L1 ≥50% advanced NSCLC: I will have a much lower threshold to discuss pembrolizumab + chemotherapy
• For everyone: The future of treatment intensification for advanced NSCLC will be predicated on enrichment strategies grounded in better understanding of tumor biology that will go beyond genomic alterations, PD-L1 cutoffs or number of sites of disease
Conclusions
1 Will perioperative toripalimab change our SoC? (NEOTORCH trial)
Toripalimab is a new drug in the perioperative arsenal. Whether data can be generalized is unknown, as well as whether this "new me too" will help to reduce economic impact of treatment
2 Are there predictive biomarkers for perioperative CTIO (KEYNOTE 671 trial)
Efficacy of perioperative pembrolizumab occurs regardless of T-cell signature, TMB, KRASm status. We need new treatments to increase pCR rates and biomarkers to predict pCR
3 Will adjuvant pembrolizumab remain a SoC? (PEARLS trial)
Adjuvant pembrolizumab improves DFS without OS benefit. The role of sequential adjuvant immunotherapy remains unclear (with or without preoperative therapy)
🦉 Cancer Immunotherapy: A Week of Breakthroughs, Setbacks and New Biological Insights
October 17–24, 2026
This week brought two major clinical advances: a personalized mRNA cancer vaccine significantly reduced melanoma recurrence, while a T-cell engager sharply extended survival in aggressive lung cancer.
Other studies revealed why CAR-T cell quality, antigen presentation, and the tumor microenvironment can matter as much as immune activation itself.
🩸 1. A Personalized Cancer Vaccine Passes Its Biggest Test
Moderna and Merck's individualized mRNA vaccine, intismeran autogene, reduced melanoma recurrence or death by 42% when combined with pembrolizumab in the Phase 3 INTerpath-001 trial.
Among 1,137 patients with resected stage IIB–IV melanoma, two-year recurrence-free survival reached 82.2% versus 70.0% with pembrolizumab alone. Distant metastasis or death risk fell 38%, without a substantial increase in severe treatment-related toxicity.
The results provide major randomized evidence that vaccines targeting patient-specific tumor mutations can improve clinical outcomes, not merely generate immune responses.
Overall-survival data remain immature, and personalized manufacturing presents practical challenges.
Source: https://t.co/FHlL1f9wPs
🩸 2. T-Cell Engagers Nearly Double Survival in Lung Cancer
The Phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial showed that adding Amgen's DLL3-targeted T-cell engager tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance therapy extended median survival from 12.7 to 21.1 months in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
Among 563 patients, the combination reduced mortality risk by 58% and increased progression-free survival from 1.9 to 7.4 months.
Tarlatamab recruits T cells directly to cancer cells, complementing durvalumab's PD-L1 blockade.
The survival advantage is substantial, but cytokine-release syndrome occurred in 49.6% of patients, predominantly grade 1–2. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events affected 20.9% versus 10.8%.
These results could reshape first-line maintenance treatment, subject to regulatory review.
Source: https://t.co/1TRq9VtseZ
🩸 3. Bladder Cancer Treatment Takes a Major Step Forward
The Phase 3 VOLGA trial demonstrated a significant survival advantage with enfortumab vedotin plus durvalumab in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer unable or unwilling to receive cisplatin.
Among 462 patients, the combination reduced the risk of progression, recurrence or death-related events by 49%. Two-year event-free survival reached 64% versus 45%, while overall survival was 78% versus 69%.
The strategy combines targeted cytotoxic delivery through an antibody–drug conjugate with PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition.
However, grade 3–4 adverse events occurred in 64% versus 44%. The results support a new perioperative option, although comparisons with other modern regimens remain unavailable.
Source: https://t.co/VLXeYEzs9O
🩸 4. CAR-T Quality May Matter More Than Expansion
A multicenter study involving 783 lymphoma patients found that CAR-T products enriched in naïve-like CCR7⁺CD45RA⁺ T cells were associated with significantly longer progression-free survival.
In the primary cohort of 580 patients receiving axi-cel, these cells predicted better outcomes (HR 0.46; p=9.8×10⁻⁵), independently of tumor burden, inflammation and CAR-T expansion. An additional 203 patients confirmed the association.
More previous treatment lines were linked to fewer naïve-like cells.
The implication challenges a familiar assumption: expanding more CAR-T cells may be less important than preserving cells capable of sustained antitumor activity.
Whether manufacturing changes that enrich these populations actually improve survival remains unproven.
Source: https://t.co/GAN67wP3OV
🩸 5. A New Approach to Severe Immunotherapy Toxicity
Researchers in Germany and Switzerland reported promising results using extracorporeal photopheresis to treat severe immune-related complications resistant to corticosteroids.
The technique treats collected immune cells with a photosensitizing agent and ultraviolet light before returning them to circulation.
In a prospective Phase 1b/2 study involving 30 patients, the response rate among evaluable inflammatory complications reached 96.3%, including responses in colitis, hepatitis and dermatitis.
Treatment reduced inflammatory T-cell activity, including granzyme expression and interferon-γ/TNF signaling. No treatment-related serious adverse events occurred.
The potential advantage is controlling dangerous inflammation without escalating systemic immunosuppression. However, the uncontrolled study cannot establish comparative efficacy or confirm preservation of antitumor immunity.
Source: https://t.co/xDE6iBNXhy
🩸 6. Selective T-Cell Activation Shows Activity in Resistant Tumors
Invikafusp alfa, an experimental bispecific antibody, activates selected T-cell populations expressing Vβ6 or Vβ10 T-cell receptors rather than broadly stimulating the immune system.
In the Phase 1/2 START-001 trial, 4 of 27 patients (14.8%) treated at biologically optimal doses achieved objective responses, while 59.3% experienced disease control.
Responses included microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer and PD-L1-negative lung cancer, where conventional checkpoint inhibition often has limited efficacy.
The treatment expanded memory-like target T cells without broadly activating unrelated populations.
This demonstrates preliminary clinical activity, not established benefit. Patient numbers remain small, durability is uncertain, and cytokine-release syndrome remains a risk.
Source: https://t.co/2KupIGrKnT
🩸 7. Strong Vaccine Immunity Fails to Improve Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes
The randomized Phase 2 AMPLIFY-7P trial tested camupepimut (ELI-002 7P), an off-the-shelf vaccine targeting mutant KRAS, in 144 patients with pancreatic cancer after standard treatment.
Despite vaccine-specific T-cell responses in 98.9% of evaluable patients, the primary disease-free survival endpoint was missed: 23.8 versus 21.2 months (HR 0.85; p=0.5329).
Subgroup analyses suggested possible benefit in patients without detectable circulating tumor DNA (HR 0.51) or prior radiotherapy (HR 0.59).
The contrast is striking: nearly universal immune activation did not translate into a significant overall clinical benefit.
Vaccination may work better against minimal residual disease, but subgroup signals remain exploratory and clinical efficacy is unproven.
Source: https://t.co/18SHt23Nqc
🩸 8. Dual Checkpoint Blockade Targets Difficult Biliary Cancers
Chinese investigators reported Phase 2 results for cadonilimab, a bispecific antibody blocking PD-1 and CTLA-4, combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced biliary tract cancer.
Among 61 patients, the objective response rate reached 55.7%, with disease control in 85.2%. Median progression-free survival was 8.0 months and overall survival 15.6 months.
Dual checkpoint blockade could provide broader immune activation than PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition alone.
However, grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 68.9%, including severe immune-related events in 18%.
The single-arm design cannot establish superiority over approved chemoimmunotherapy. Randomized comparisons must determine whether increased immune stimulation produces a meaningful survival advantage.
Source: https://t.co/aLKEXWZ2Vq
🩸 9. Tumors Can Hide Antigens Without Losing Them
Researchers at Southern Medical University identified SMPD3, an enzyme involved in sphingolipid metabolism, as an unexpected regulator of tumor antigen presentation.
In colorectal cancer models, increasing SMPD3 enhanced MHC-I expression at the cell surface without substantially increasing total MHC-I abundance.
The mechanism involved intracellular trafficking rather than greater production of antigen-presenting proteins.
SMPD3 overexpression increased CD8 T-cell infiltration, suppressed tumor growth in mice and improved experimental PD-1 blockade responses.
This reveals another route to immune escape: cancer cells may retain antigen-presentation machinery but fail to deliver it to their surface.
The findings are preclinical. SMPD3 is not yet a validated therapeutic target or clinical biomarker.
Source: https://t.co/2J4IGGJiOI
🩸 10. Macrophages May Awaken Sleeping Cancer Cells
French researchers uncovered a mechanism through which macrophages can reactivate dormant breast cancer cells.
In three-dimensional tumor models, macrophage-derived MMP9 and lysyl oxidase (LOX) remodeled the surrounding extracellular matrix, activating EGFR/HER2 signaling and pushing dormant cancer cells toward renewed proliferation.
Remarkably, this signaling occurred without conventional receptor-ligand activation.
The finding links macrophage activity, tissue remodeling and metastatic recurrence through a mechanism distinct from classical checkpoint-mediated immune suppression.
It raises the possibility that preventing relapse may require controlling the tumor's surrounding tissue environment, not just targeting residual cancer cells.
The evidence comes from laboratory models. Its role in human metastatic recurrence and potential for therapeutic intervention remain unproven.
Source: https://t.co/Z4TfhFEx9b
1) Slide: Definitions of MET positivity: gene copy number, amplification and protein · 2) Trial design schema: Phase III trials of EGFR + MET inhibition in acquired · 3) Slide: IHC3+ population: median PFS and survival bars vs FLAURA, FLAURA2, MARIPOSA · 4) Safety data: Differential adverse event profiles of MARIPOSA and FLAURA2
🆙#ESMO26 Proffered Paper II: #LCSM Discussion🌟
🔥 "Has EGFR MET its match?"
🎙️ Dr. Rebecca S. Heist
🔗 https://t.co/LWW2CGvfW4
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters @metcrusaders https://t.co/5V4Fjn9vgb
[Slide 1]
What do we mean when we say MET+ ?
Gene Copy Number
Polysomy
Centromere
MET
GCN4
CEP7
MET to CEP7 ratio 1
Amplification
Amplification
GCN4
MET to CEP7 ratio 4
Protein Overexpression
c-MET overexpression
Guo et al Nat Rev Clin Onc 2020; Bradley et al Nat Rev Clin Onc 2017; Tsao et al NPJ Prec Onc 2025
[Slide 2]
Phase III trials of EGFR + MET in acquired resistance
| SACHI | SAFFRON | Dalmelitinib/Aumolertinib
EGFR + MET | Osimertinib + Savolitinib | Osimertinib + Savolitinib | Aumolertinib + Dalmelitinib
Enrollment | China | Global | China
Biomarker testing | Post-progression tissue biopsy | Post-progression tissue biopsy | Post-progression tissue biopsy
RR | 63% v 36% | 51% v 27% | 59.6% v 38.6%
PFS | 8.2 mo v 4.5 mo HR 0.34 p < 0.0001 | 7.6 mo v 5.4 mo HR 0.55 (0.42, 0.72) p <0.001 | 6.2 mo v 4.4 mo HR 0.60 (0.45,0.81) p < 0.001
OS | 22.9 mo v 17.7 mo HR 0.84 (0.55-1.29) | 17.8 mo v 12.9 mo HR 0.68 (0.50,0.91) p = 0.010 | NR v 19.6 mo HR 0.84 (0.52, 1.35)
In chemo arm: Received subsequent MET Rx | 52% | 13% | 51.9%
Prior exposure to 3rd gen EGFR TKI | 35% | 100% | 95%
MET definition | GCN ≥ 5 or MET:CEP7 ≥ 2 If prior 3rd gen EGFR TKI: GCN ≥ 10 | FISH ≥ 10 and/or MET IHC 3+ ≥ 90% | MET GCN ≥ 5 or MET:CEP7 ≥ 2
% with GCN ≥ 10 | 71% | 72% | 33%
Lu et al Lancet 2026; Lu et al ESMO 2026; Lu et al ESMO 2026
[Slide 3]
SANOVO: IHC3+ population
Λ: Median PFS
FLAURA
Osimertinib Λ 18.9 38.6
Gefitinib/Erlotinib Λ 10.2 31.8
FLAURA2
Osimertinib + Chemotherapy Λ 25.5 47.5
Osimertinib Λ 16.7 37.6
MARIPOSA
Amivantamab-Lazertinib Λ 23.7 N.R.
Osimertinib Λ 16.6 36.7
SANOVO
Osimertinib-Savolitinib Λ 27.9 44.5
Osimertinib Λ 16.4 34.9
0 10 20 30 40 50
Median PFS in 3+. Osimertinib + Savolitinib 22.2 mo
Osimertinib 13.7 mo
[Slide 4]
Differential Adverse Event Profiles
SANOVO
Peripheral Edema
Hypoalbuminemia
Platelet count decreased
Anemia
MARIPOSA
Paronychia
Rash/Dermatitis acneiform
Diarrhea
Stomatitis
FLAURA2
Anemia
Diarrhea
Nausea
Neutropenia
Wu et al ESMO 2026; Janne et al NEJM 2026; Yang et al NEJM 2025
1) Biomarker data: NEJM figure: OptiTROP-Lung06 PFS by BICR · 2) Slide: NEJM figure: overall survival, tarlatamab–durvalumab vs durvalumab · 3) Slide: NEJM summary figure: Krascendo 1 PFS, divarasib vs control · 4) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NEJM figure: osimertinib plus
Impressive separation of curves and potentially practice-changing advances with emerging evidence continues to reshape treatment paradigms and improve patients outcomes in thoracic oncology
A remarkable #ESMO26
👏🏼✨ https://t.co/GPRWuIy8yj
[Slide 1]
EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY 2026 CONGRESS
ORIGINAL ARTICLE | OCT 25, 2026 | NEJM.ORG
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan plus Pembrolizumab in PD-L1–Negative Advanced NSCLC (OptiTROP-Lung06)
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab: 51.1 (95% CI, 41.5–59.9)
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab: 22.8 (95% CI, 15.3–31.3)
Months 0–18
Figure 1. Progression-free Survival as Assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review.
The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival by BICR
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab
Landmark rates:
12 months: Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab 51.1% (CI 41.5–59.9) | Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab 22.8% (CI 15.3–31.3)
[Slide 4]
The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
Progression-free Survival in the Full Analysis Population
No. of Events/No. of Patients | Median Progression-free Survival (95% CI), mo
Osimertinib–Savolitinib | 117/171 | 7.6 (5.6–9.7)
Platinum–Pemetrexed | 113/167 | 5.4 (4.2–5.8)
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.55 (95% CI, 0.42–0.72)
P<0.001
36 (Osimertinib–savolitinib, 12 months); 10 (Platinum–pemetrexed, 12 months)
Months since Randomization 0–38
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Osimertinib plus Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC
S. Lu and Others
In patients with EGFR-mutated and MET-altered non–small-cell lung cancer that had progressed during osimertinib therapy, osimertinib plus savolitinib (a MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor) led to longer survival than platinum–pemetrexed.
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (full analysis population)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib–savolitinib | 171 | 7.6 | 5.6–9.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 5.4 | 4.2–5.8
HR: 0.55
HR CI: 0.42–0.72
P: <0.001
Landmark rates:
12 months: Osimertinib–savolitinib 36% | Platinum–pemetrexed 10%
Great discussion by Dr. Rebecca Heist (@MassGeneralBrigham) at #ESMO2026 summarizing key Phase III trials targeting acquired resistance in EGFRm NSCLC! 🧬
Key takeaways on EGFR + MET TKI strategies:
▪️ SAFFRON (Osi + Savo vs Chemo): PFS 7.6 vs 5.4 mo (HR 0.55), OS 17.8 vs 12.9 mo (HR 0.68) post-3rd gen TKI.
▪️ SACHI (Osi + Savo): PFS 8.2 vs 4.5 mo (HR 0.34) | ORR 63% vs 36%.
▪️ MARIPOSA-2 Benchmarking: Ami-chemo gives PFS 8.3 vs 4.2 mo (HR 0.44), but without MET selection.
Dr. Heist highlighted critical open questions: defining optimal MET cutoffs, balancing oral vs IV regimens, and distinct AE profiles across combinations!
#LungCancer #OncoX #ESMO26 #NSCLC
[Slide 1]
Questions
How do the EGFR + MET TKI combinations compare to amivantamab-chemotherapy (MARIPOSA-2) regimen?
biomarker selected v non-selected
oral v IV regimens
AE profiles
Will there be differential ability of MET TKIs, Abs and Bispecific Abs, ADCs, to address MET acquired resistance and different cutoffs for activity?
What is the best definition of MET positivity?
How do we increase tumor biopsy at time of progression?
[Slide 3]
Is platinum chemotherapy the right comparator?
MARIPOSA-2
n | Median progression-free survival, months (95% CI)
Amivantamab–chemotherapy | 131 | 6.3 (5.6-8.4)
Amivantamab–lazertinib–chemotherapy | 263 | 8.3 (6.8-9.1)
Chemotherapy | 263 | 4.2 (4.0-4.4)
Amivantamab–chemotherapy versus chemotherapy:
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.48 (95% CI 0.36-0.64)
P<0.001
Amivantamab–lazertinib–chemotherapy versus chemotherapy:
Hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.44 (95% CI 0.35-0.56)
P<0.001
Patients who are progression-free (%)
Months
• Amivantamab-chemotherapy improved PFS over platinum chemotherapy after progression on osimertinib
• No selection by MET status
Passaro et al Annals Onc 2024
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Amivantamab–chemotherapy | 131 | 6.3 | 5.6-8.4
Amivantamab–lazertinib–chemotherapy | 263 | 8.3 | 6.8-9.1
Chemotherapy | 263 | 4.2 | 4.0-4.4
HR: 0.48 (amivantamab-chemotherapy vs chemotherapy); 0.44 (amivantamab-lazertinib-chemotherapy vs chemotherapy)
HR CI: 0.36-0.64; 0.35-0.56
P: P<0.001; P<0.001
1) Slide: ADCs rise in NSCLC: T-DXd HER2-mutant timeline · 2) Slide: ADCs and ICIs play complementary roles in the TME (Melissa Johnson) · 3) Slide: Conclusions: Do ADCs have what it takes to beat chemotherapy?
Melissa Johson doing an excellent job discuuing those lung studies and ADC #ESMO2026 https://t.co/3Piy2Re2GH
[Slide 1]
CHAIR: SURESH SENAN
ADCs Rise in NSCLC
• Antibody, linker, payload
• Smart-Bomb!
• "Chemo-Free"
• Biomarker selection should be easy → antigen target dependent
The Story Began with HER2 ADC Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for HER2 mutant NSCLC
HER2+ (genomic selection)
2018: DESTINY-Lung01 begins - Phase II; HER2-mutant and IHC-selected cohorts
2020–21: Early activity establishes proof of concept
First U.S. approval in NSCLC: Accelerated approval for previously treated HER2-mutant NSCLC; 5.4 mg/kg
2023: DESTINY-Lung02 confirms dose/benefit - Randomized dose finding
Sep 2026: DESTINY-Lung04 positive in 1L - PFS 14.3 vs 8.3 mo; HR 0.63 vs pembrolizumab + chemotherapy
Melissa L. Johnson MD, SCRI
Melissa Johnson - Invited Discussant LBA66, LBA67 and LBA68
[Slide 2]
CHAIR: SURESH SENAN
ADCs and ICIs play complimentary roles in the TME
Tip efficacy/safety towards tumor
Identify biomarkers that will aid in patient selection (maybe)
Manage irAEs
[Schematic: CTL-mediated apoptosis; Antigen presentation; Dendritic cell migration; Mature dendritic cells; Naive T cell; Activated T cell; T cell migration; Prolonged CTL activity; Treg; MDSC; Tumor cell; Immune attack; TCR; MHC I; PD-1; PD-L1/2; T cell inhibitory signals blocked; Dendritic cell; CD8+ T cell; DAMPs MHC-I Various cytokines; Granzymes and perforin; Cancer cell with EMP; TGF-β]
Yin et al. Antibody Therapeutics 2025, 8 (3), 262-274.
Melissa L. Johnson MD, SCRI
Melissa Johnson - Invited Discussant LBA66, LBA67 and LBA68
[Slide 3]
Conclusions: Do ADCs have what it takes to BEAT chemotherapy??
• Maybe not in an all-comers trial .... (Sig-Vie-002)
• Opti TROP-Lung 04 shows it can be done!
➢ Find the right patient population
➢ ADC toxicity shouldn't be underestimated
➢ Dose attenuation, even pulsatile administration will be part of ADC adoption into NSCLC paradigms
• Opti TROP-Lung 06 suggests synergy with checkpoint inhibitors is also within reach.
➢ Likely the primary exposure to IO will be best chance for success
Melissa L. Johnson, MD, SCRI
Melissa Johnson - Invited Discussant LBA66, LBA67 and LBA68
1) Response data: Discussant slide on CNS activity · 2) Slide: Positioning HER3 ADCs in the EGFR-mutant NSCLC · 3) Slide: Translatability of and results and ongoing
Great discussion at #ESMO2026 by Dr. Simon Ekman (Karolinska University Hospital) addressing LBA71 (PANKU-Lung01) and LBA72 (HERON-Lung01): "Has the Achilles' heel been found?" 🧬🔍
Key insights & questions raised on HER3-directed ADCs in post-EGFR TKI NSCLC:
💡 Discussion Points:
• CNS Activity: Promising intracranial efficacy observed, though further evaluation of brain metastasis subgroup responses remains key.
• Predictive Biomarkers Needed: Beyond expression levels alone, addressing HER3 heterogeneity, membrane localization, linker stability, and payload mechanics.
• Algorithm Positioning: Determining exact optimal treatment sequencing and combination regimens post-3rd gen EGFR-TKI.
• Global Translatability outside China is the key. There are ongoing trials expanding to 1L combinations.
#OncoTwitter #LungCancer #EGFR #NSCLC #Oncology #ESMO26 #MedicalResearch
[Slide 2]
C. Acitivity in CNS?
HER3 expression in BM:
(Tomasich Clin Cancer Res 2023;29:3225–36)
Primary: 8.5% | 31.9% | 59.6%
BM: 48.9% | 23.4% | 27.7%
n=47
High Low Negative
Patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) in patients with active brain metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer (TUXEDO-3): a single-arm, phase 2 trial
(Fuereder Lancet Oncol 2025; 26: 1454–66)
ORR 30% (n=20, RANO-BM)
HERTHENA-Lung01 (HER3-Dxd): icORR 33.3% (n=10/30)
(Yu et al. J Clin Oncol 2023, 41:5363-5375.)
Figure 2: Best percentage of change in tumour burden for intracranial lesions according to RANO-BM criteria
Subgroup Analysis of PFS by BICR – PANKU-Lung01
Iza-bren Events/n | PBC Events/n
CNS metastases Yes 17/21 | 16/20 0.75 (0.37, 1.50)
No 111/195 | 148/186 0.39 (0.30, 0.51)
Iza-bren better ← → PBC better
PFS per BICR in Subgroups – HERON-Lung01
No. of events/no. of patients
Ruzaltatug rezetecan | Chemo
Brain metastases Yes 28/48 | 33/47 0.61 (0.36-1.02)
No 80/202 | 123/201 0.42 (0.32-0.56)
Favors ruzaltatug rezetecan ← → Favors chemo
[Slide 3]
E. Positioning in the treatment algorithm?
First line
Stage IV mNSCLC with EGFR-activating Mutation Before Systemic Progression
• Osimertinib ± CT
• Lazertinib-amivantamab
• EGFR TKIs
• Erlotinib-anti-VEGF
• Gefitinib - CT
After progression
EGFR-activating Mutation After Systemic Progression with Third-generation TKI
• Amivantamab + CT (mPFS 6.3 m vs. 4.2; HR 0.48 (95% CI 0.36-0.64)(MARIPOSA-2)1
• CT
• Atezolizumab-bev-carbo-pac
Ongoing or recent studies after progression:
• HARMONi (ivonescimab + chemotherapy)(NCT06396065)
• Fourth-generation EGFR inhibitor programs
• Datopotamab-deruxtecan studies
• Amivantamab, lazertinib, and bevacizumab (ETOP 18-21 AMAZE-lung)1
Need to define the optimal treatment sequences and combinations
1. Passaro et al. Annals of Oncology, 2023; 35, 77-90. 2. Soo et al. Lancet Respir Med. 2026 Oct 5:S2213-2600(26)00203-1.
[Slide 4]
F. Translatability of results?
PANKU-Lung01:
• These results support iza-bren as a new standard of care in this population in China.
• Validation in other populations: Global registrational studies in EGFRm NSCLC patients after progression on a third-generation EGFR TKI (IZABRIGHT-Lung01, NCT07100080) and in the first line setting are ongoing (IZABRIGHT-Lung02, NCT 07680790).
HERON-Lung01:
• Findings support ruzaltatug rezetecan as a new standard-of-care option for EGFRm NSCLC progressing after a third-generation EGFR–TKI
• Phase 3 study of ruzaltatug rezetecan + 3rd gen EGFR–TKI aumolertinib for 1L EGFRm NSCLC is underway (NCT07183189)(in China)
Simon Ekman
Slide: Sac-TMT safety across (5 mg/kg) and (4 mg/kg) - discussant Melissa L.
Johnson: explains the differences in toxicity in the SacTMT trials as likely dose related. Asks if there is a synergy with SacTMT and Pembro?
#LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/VB568NRg3K
Followed by Benjamin Besse's great discussion, flagging the lack of crossover, probably there to protect OS; another point we usually miss #ESMO26 https://t.co/oTEuJbSDZa https://t.co/cGrZAGREbr
Slide: SANOVO discussant 'Questions' slide on MET definition
#ESMO26 | Dr. Rebecca Heist (@MGHThoracicOnc) highlighted 3 Phase III trials supporting EGFR + MET inhibition after resistance: SACHI, SAFFRON & dalmelitinib/aumolertinib.
Key questions remain: How should MET positivity be defined, and which patients benefit most?
#METCrusaders #NSCLC #LungCancer #EGFR #MET #lcsm
08:30 - 10:00 Proffered paper 2: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PATRICK FORDE, ANTONIO PASSARO
Questions
What is the right MET definition in the 1L population?
Is there benefit in the 2+ population?
How does a MET selected population fare with FLAURA2 or MARIPOSA regimen?
What resistance will emerge from SANOVO combination?
ALICANTE AUDITORIUM - HALL 6
Kaplan-Meier survival data: PFS (BICR) and overall survival, osimertinib +
Hooray for SAFFRON results announced at #ESMO26:
✅ Median time before progression: 7.6 vs 5.4 months
✅ Median overall survival: 17.8 vs 12.9 months
✅ Tumor response: 51% vs 27%
#lcsm #MET https://t.co/bHwZUAkVSp
Are the results from SAFFRON clinically meaningful? YES
Progression-free survival (BICR)
Median PFS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + savolitinib 7.6 (5.6, 9.7)
Platinum–pemetrexed 5.4 (4.2, 5.8)
HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42-0.72); p<0.01
36%
10%
Probability of Progression-free Survival
Months since Randomisation
Overall survival
Median OS, months (95% CI)
Osimertinib + savolitinib 17.8 (15.6, 23.7)
Platinum–pemetrexed 12.9 (10.6, 16.8)
HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50-0.91; p=0.010*
70%
53%
Overall Survival
Subsequent therapy
Osi+Savo – 60%; 41% ChT
Chemo – 66%; 13% MET+EGFR TKI
PFS in control arm similar to molecularly unselected post-osimertinib trials (MARIPOSA2, OptiTROP Lung04, COMPEL)
OS in control arm may be lower but molecular selection for worse prognosis
No. at Risk
Median follow-up PFS: osimertinib+savolitinib 5.6 months, platinum–pemetrexed 3.5 months. Overall maturity: 68%.
Median follow-up (OS): osimertinib+savolitinib 14.2 months, platinum–pemetrexed 10.2 months. Overall maturity: 53%.
*Boundary to declare statistical significance p<0.03047.
Objective response rate higher with osimertinib + savolitinib (51% v. 27%), odd ratio 2.9; Median duration of response 9.7 months v. 5.7 months
Lu S et al. ESMO Congress. 2026 LBA6; Passaro A et al. Ann Oncol 2023; Popat S et al. Ann Oncol 2024; Fang W et al NEJM 2026
Natasha B. Leighl
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (BICR)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osimertinib + savolitinib | 171 | 7.6 mo | 5.6, 9.7
Platinum–pemetrexed | 167 | 5.4 mo | 4.2, 5.8
HR: 0.55
HR CI: 0.42-0.72
P: <0.01
12-mo PFS: 36% vs 10% (annotated on slide)
Other Lung slides
159 slide posts · 51 physiciansNot tied to a single tracked trial
ツチノコ在宅ケモ屋@tsurutacl
Kaplan-Meier survival data: HARMONi-GI1: OS primary endpoint, ivonescimab + chemo vs durvalumab + chemo
Shrinkage of brain metastasis in a patient with MTAP-deficient lung cancer treated with BeOne's PRMT5 inhibitor.
A reason for optimism that this class may have activity in glioblastoma (~40% MTAP-deficient)?
Figure 5. Intracranial Response in a Patient With SQ NSCLC With Untreated Brain Metastases
Baseline: D=20mm → Week 36: D=0mm
In a 72-year-old male with SQ NSCLC and untreated brain metastases, treatment with BGB-58067 200 mg resulted in a PR with 100% decrease in the diameter of brain target lesion. Abbreviations: D, lesion diameter; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; SQ, squamous.
Samuel Hume@DrSamuelBHume
Slide: Poster FPN 1043P: First-in-Human Trial of BGB-58067, an MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitor, in MTAP-deficient
From the full poster, today at ESMO (BeOne Medicines). https://t.co/dLgR00kQys
First-in-Human Trial of BGB-58067, an MTA-Cooperative PRMT5 Inhibitor, in MTAP-Deficient Advanced Tumors
FPN: 1043P
Jordi Rodon, Leiguang Ye, Adnan Nagrial, ... Caicun Zhou (BeOne Medicines and collaborating centres)
CONCLUSIONS
• BGB-58067, an MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitor, demonstrated promising monotherapy activity in heavily pretreated patients with MTAP-deficient solid tumors, including NSCLC
• In patients with EGFR wild-type NSCLC, BGB-58067 demonstrated encouraging and durable clinical activity with an ORR of 38.5% and a median PFS of 8.1 months
• The low incidence of CNS progression in 2L+ NSCLC, together with an intracranial objective response rate of 30.8% observed in patients with brain metastases, shows clinically meaningful CNS activity of BGB-58067
• BGB-58067 demonstrated a well-tolerated and manageable safety profile
• BGB-58067 demonstrated a favorable PK profile across the evaluated dose ranges, and robust tumor cell target engagement as suggested by SDMA depletion observed in paired biopsy
• These data support ongoing exploration of combination cohorts in 1L NSCLC and PDAC with standard-of-care treatments, and with RAS inhibitors in PDAC
RESULTS (excerpt)
• As of the data cutoff date of September 12, 2026, 182 patients were treated; 43 patients remain on treatment
• In the overall cohort (excluding patients with glioma), confirmed ORR (95% CI) was 21.3% (14.8-29.0)
• In the NSCLC cohort, confirmed ORR (95% CI) was 25.3% (16.0-36.7)
• Intracranial ORR (95% CI) in patients with BM in the NSCLC cohort was 30.8% (9.1-61.4)
Presented at the ESMO Congress, Madrid, Spain, October 23-27, 2026
Yakup Ergün@dr_yakupergun
Slide: Progress in classical EGFR-mutated NSCLC timeline (Natasha B. Leighl discussion)
#ESMO26
Progress in Classical EGFR-Mutated NSCLC
From Dr. Natasha Leighl's discussion https://t.co/4FW2RouALF
Progress in Classical EGFR-mutated NSCLC (ex19del, L858R)
Regulatory approval: USA (grey) | China (red) | EU (navy)
Selected milestones: Platinum doublet | [star] | 1st gen EGFR TKI | 2nd gen EGFR TKI | 3rd gen EGFR TKI | Anti-VEGF | Adjuvant EGFR TKI | 1L combinations | Consolidation post CRT | TROP2 ADC, VEGF-PD1 bsAb
Timeline: 2000 2004 2009 2012 2013 2014 2016 2018 2019 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
2004 - EGFR mutation discovered
2005 – EGFR T790M resistance mutation described
2007 – MET amplification as resistance mechanism
2015 – EGFR C797S as resistance mechanism
Stage I-III: Osimertinib (adjuvant); Icotinib (adjuvant); Osimertinib (consolidation st3); Aumolertinib (adjuvant); Aumolertinib (consolidation st3)
Stage IV 1L: Platinum doublet; Gefitinib2; Erlotinib3; Osimertinib; Dacomitinib; Afatinib (uncommon mut); Erlotinib + Ramucirumab; Aumolertinib; Furmonertinib; Befotertinib; Osi+ChT; Ami+Lazer; Rezivertinib; Zorifertinib (CNS); Limertinib
Stage IV 2L+: Erlotinib1 (Unselected EGFR); Afatinib6,7; Icotinib; Osimertinib (T790M); Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab/Paclitaxel/Carboplatin; Befotertinib(T790M); Rilertinib(T790M); Rezivertinib(T790M); Ami +ChT (Post Osi); Sac-TMT (post osi); Ivonescimab +ChT (post 3G TKI); Limertinib (T790M)
Median PFS and OS in EGFRm NSCLC (selected trials) | mPFS (months) | mOS (months)
Platform doublet | ~6 | ~23
G1/G2 EGFR TKI (e.g. Gefitinib, Erlotinib, Icotinib, Afatinib, Dacomitinib) | 9.5 | ~30
G3 EGFR TKI (e.g. Osimertinib, Aumonertinib, Furmonertinib,) | 18.9 | ~37
G3 EGFR TKI Combos (e.g Osimertinib+ChT, Amivantamab+ Lazertinib (Ami+Lazer), Aumolertinib+ ChT) | 25.5 | 48+
Shepherd FA et al. NEJM. 2005; Paez, Janne et al Science 2004; Lynch et al NEJM 2004; Engelman et al Nature 2007; Mok TS et al. NEJM. 2009; 3. Rosell R et al. NEJM. 2012; 4. Yang JCH et al. Lancet Oncol. 2015; 5 Sequist LV et al. J Clin Onol. 20[illegible]
Natasha B. Leighl
Oncology Brothers@OncBrothers
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: DESTINY-Lung04 time to deterioration in pulmonary symptoms · 2) Slide: DESTINY-Lung04 physical functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30) maintained/improved over time
8. DESTINY-Lung04: Ph3, 1L Her2 mutated mNSCLC, TDXd vs SoC
- Delayed TTD cough: 26.2 vs 11.0 mos (HR 0.66)
- Numerical benefit in dyspnea & chest pain
- Better physical functioning later with T-DXd
- PFS (14.3 vs 8.3 mo) but OS at WCLC26 not superior.
10/10 https://t.co/vKppeWJSTr https://t.co/UZwYnEWK72
[Slide 2]
Time to deterioration in pulmonary symptoms (NSCLC-SAQ)
Cough | T-DXd (n=227) | Pembro + chemo (n=227)
Median TTD, months (95% CI) | 26.2 (17.1, NC) | 11.0 (7.4, NC)
Hazard ratio (95% CI) | 0.66 (0.44, 0.99)
Chest pain | T-DXd (n=227) | Pembro + chemo (n=227)
Median TTD, months (95% CI) | NC (11.5, NC) | 14.3 (8.3, NC)
Hazard ratio (95% CI) | 0.80 (0.54, 1.18)
Dyspnea | T-DXd (n=227) | Pembro + chemo (n=227)
Median TTD, months (95% CI) | 10.1 (6.5, NC) | 5.1 (3.2, 11.0)
Hazard ratio (95% CI) | 0.77 (0.54, 1.09)
Probability of no sustained deterioration; Time from randomization (months)
No. at risk (0–36 months, every 3)
Cough — T-DXd | 227 106 73 58 41 34 25 17 11 7 4 3 0
Cough — Pembro + chemo | 227 92 54 38 21 12 10 7 6 4 3 2 0
Chest pain — T-DXd | 227 98 70 55 37 30 22 15 10 8 7 4 0
Chest pain — Pembro + chemo | 227 91 56 40 25 14 10 7 6 2 2 1 0
Dyspnea — T-DXd | 227 85 62 50 36 29 23 18 11 9 7 5 0
Dyspnea — Pembro + chemo | 227 66 36 21 16 9 5 5 3 3 1 1 0
T-DXd monotherapy delayed time to, and reduced risk of, deterioration in cough versus pembro + chemo, with similar trends observed for chest pain and dyspnea
Assessed in the full analysis set. Compliance rates for the NSCLC-SAQ: 67.8% T-DXd vs 71.9% pembro + chemo (baseline); 76.1% T-DXd vs 69.0% pembro + chemo (overall). Sustained deterioration was defined as a meaningful worsening at two or more consecutive post-baseline timepoints relative to baseline (regardless of whether the patient withdrew from treatment or received another anticancer therapy prior to deterioration). Patients with no sustained deterioration were censored at the time of their last PRO assessment with an evaluable score or at Cycle 1 Day 1
NC, not calculable; TTD, time to deterioration
Silvia Novello, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: Time to deterioration (NSCLC-SAQ) — cough [chest pain and dyspnea panels in notes]
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
T-DXd (cough) | 227 | 26.2 months | 17.1, NC
Pembro + chemo (cough) | 227 | 11.0 months | 7.4, NC
HR: 0.66
HR CI: 0.44, 0.99
[Slide 3]
Physical functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30 physical functioning scale)
T-DXd (n=226)
Pembro + chemo (n=220)
Proportion of patients reporting 'maintained or improved' physical function (%)
Week 0–58, EOT
Proportions of patients with 'maintained/improved' physical function were similar across arms through Week 18, and higher with T-DXd vs pembro + chemo at most timepoints from Week 20 onward, including at EOT
Timepoints after Week 58 through Week 94 have been excluded owing to low sample size (<10% of patients in the safety analysis set, either arm)
Assessed in the safety analysis set. Compliance rates for EORTC QLQ-C30: 65.9% T-DXd vs 69.5% pembro + chemo (baseline); 68.7% T-DXd vs 58.8% pembro + chemo (overall). Overall compliance rates for EORTC IL19: 76.9% T-DXd vs 71.6% pembro + chemo. Baseline physical functioning was recorded prior to first dose of study treatment at Week 1. Change in physical function was calculated relative to baseline; therefore, baseline datapoints are not shown. 'Improvement' was defined as an increase of ≥13.33 points from baseline, 'deterioration' was defined as a decrease of ≥13.33 points from baseline, and 'maintained' was defined as no improvement or deterioration. No data were collected at Week 6
EOT, end of treatment
Silvia Novello, MD, PhD
We already know that ivonescimab is effective. However, something else caught my attention on this slide.
In the control arm, 7% of patients received “Traditional Chinese Medicine” as subsequent antitumor therapy, compared with only 0.6% in the ivonescimab arm.
What exactly are these treatments? Have they demonstrated any survival benefit, or is their efficacy no better than placebo?
And the crucial question: Could this imbalance have influenced OS, given the substantially higher use in the control arm?
Have similar treatments been reported in other randomized oncology trials?
#ESMO26
Subsequent Anti-tumor Therapy
• The rate of subsequent anti-tumor therapy was 14.1% higher in the durvalumab plus chemo arm than ivonescimab plus chemo arm
Category, n(%) | Ivonescimab plus chemo (N=340) | Durvalumab plus chemo (N=342)
Any anti-tumor therapy | 108 (31.8) | 157 (45.9)
Chemotherapy | 82 (24.1) | 96 (28.1)
Targeted therapy | 49 (14.4) | 86 (25.1)
Immunotherapy | 49 (14.4) | 72 (21.1)
Antibody-Drug Conjugate | 9 (2.6) | 16 (4.7)
Traditional chinese medicine | 2 (0.6) | 24 (7.0)
Investigational anti-tumor drug | 1 (0.3) | 0
Others | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.6)
Jian Zhou, MD, PhD
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Slide: Modes of action of bispecific antibodies in clinical development - education slide · 2) Slide: Selected bispecific antibodies targeting PD-(L)1 and VEGF in lung cancer - structures · 3) Biomarker data: PD-1 vs PD-L1 x VEGF-A bispecifics - biological distinction and therapeutic
#ESMO26 Highly recommend watching Dr. Tina Cascone in this lung education session for a mechanistic view of novel immunotherapy agents. Clear explanation of how function follows structure, the science behind bispecifics and trispecifics - combinatorial vs obligate. Watch online - tremendous resource for anyone involved in the space. #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 2]
Modes of action of BsAbs currently in clinical development
a, Signal inhibition by receptor blockade of two different receptors.
b, Signal inhibition by inhibition of a soluble ligand and a receptor.
c, Signal inhibition by dual blockade of two different ligands.
d, Drug delivery by BiAb drug conjugates.
e, Targeted blockade of the 'don't eat me signal'→phagocytosis.
f, Blockade of the 'don't eat me signal' in combination with ICI.
g, Effector cell engagement through CD3 of TCR on T cells or CD16 on NK cells.
h, Tumor cell binding mediated immune cell (co-)stimulation.
i, PD-L1 binding-mediated immune cell (co-)stimulation.
j, Dual immune cell co-stimulation.
k, Tumor-targeted PD-L1 pathway inhibition.
l, Tumor-targeted PD-1 pathway inhibition.
m, Checkpoint binding-mediated immune cell co-stimulation.
n, Dual immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI).
o, ICI and soluble signaling inhibition by ligand blockage.
TAAs of solid tumours
5T4, B7-H3, B7-H4, CD96, CDH17, CEA, CLDN6, CLDN18.2, cMET, DLL3, DLL4, EGFR, EGFRvIII, ENPP3, EpCAM, FRα, gp100, GPC3, GUCY2C, HER2, HER3, HLA-G, KLK2, LGR5, MAGEA4/8, mesothelin, MUC16, PDL1, PRAME, PSMA, ROR1, STEAP1, TMEFF2, and others
TAAs of haematological malignancies
BCMA, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD123, FcRH5, FLT3, GPRC5D, ROR1, and others
Cancer cell T cell Macrophage T cell/natural killer cell T cell APC/dendritic cell
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD
Adapted from Klein C et al., Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024
[Slide 4]
PD-1 vs. PD-L1 × VEGF-A: Biological distinction and therapeutic implications
Biological distinction | PD-1×VEGF-A | PD-L1×VEGF-A | Therapeutic implication
Checkpoint coverage | Blocks PD-1 inhibition by both PD-L1 and PD-L2.1 Potential benefit if PD-L2 drives suppression.1 | Blocks PD-L1–PD-1, preserves PD-L2–PD-11 | PD-1 targeting could be advantageous when PD-L2 contributes to immune suppression.1 VEGF-A blockade does not directly close this checkpoint axis.2
Cellular binding site | Binds PD-1-expressing immune cells, including activated/ exhausted T cells.3 VEGF-enhanced binding: ivonescimab data3 | Binds PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and immune (myeloid) cells.1,2 | Checkpoint arm can influence where the molecule is retained and where VEGF-A is neutralized.2 Preferential tumor localization must be demonstrated for each construct.†
CD80/CD28/CTLA-4 network | Does not directly disrupt PD-L1-CD80 complexes.4 Preserves this interaction on APCs.4 | May disrupt these complexes, depending on the antibody.4 No inherent CD28 costimulation gain.4,5 | Does not unlock CD28-costimulation: CD80 can already engage CD28 within the complex. Disruption can instead expose CD80 to CTLA-4-mediated removal, potentially reducing available costimulation.4,5†
Preserved inhibitory signaling | Removes PD-L2-mediated PD-1 signaling as well | Leaves PD-L2-mediated PD-1 signaling available | Preserving PD-L2 could maintain some physiological immune restraint, but a safety advantage for the bispecific cannot be assumed.
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD
1. Yearley et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2017; 2. Miao et al. Cancer Res. 2025;85(suppl):6061.
3. Zhong et al, iScience 2025; 4. Zhao et al. Immunity. 2019; 5. Sugiura et al. Science. 2019.
† Mechanistic inference, not proven comparative benefit.
Another major #ESMO26 paper, published in @NEJM today. In PD-L1-negative advanced nonsquamous lung cancer, sacituzumab tirumotecan (a TROP2-targeted ADC) plus pembrolizumab improved median PFS (time without progression) from 5.7 to 15 months, replacing chemotherapy rather than adding to it.
OS is immature, and these China-only results need global confirmation.
The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
[PFS Kaplan–Meier figure; y-axis Percentage of Patients; x-axis Months 0–18]
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab: 51.1 (95% CI, 41.5–59.9) at 12 months
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab: 22.8 (95% CI, 15.3–31.3) at 12 months
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan–Pembrolizumab for NSCLC
F. Zhou and Others
Survival table
Endpoint: Progression-free survival (figure label not shown; matches presented PFS by BICR)
Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab
Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab
Landmark rates:
12 months: Sacituzumab tirumotecan + pembrolizumab 51.1% (CI 41.5–59.9) | Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab 22.8% (CI 15.3–31.3)
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 3815P - SHR-4849 (IDE849) DLL3 ADC in relapsed SCLC and other NECs, long-term phase 1 results
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥SHR-4849 (IDE849), an ADC Targeting Delta-Like Ligand 3 (DLL3), in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (SCLC) and Other Neuroendocrine Carcinomas (NECs): Long-Term Results From the Phase 1 Study
🎙️Dr. Haifeng Liu
🔢3815P
🎯SCLC ≥1.8mg/kg: ORR 68.3% (Confirmed 55.4%), DCR 94.1%
🎯Median PFS 6.8mo, 12-Mo OS 64.1%
🎯Brain Mets ORR 76.9%
🎯Other NECs ORR 47.4% (n=122; 8.7-Mo Median Follow-Up)
☑️NCT06443489
🔗 https://t.co/6xPZDOYIS7
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
3815P
SHR-4849 (IDE849), an ADC targeting delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), in relapsed small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs): long-term results from the phase 1 study
Haifeng Liu, Liang Zhang, Linlin Wang, Yan Zhang, Longhua Sun, Jinhua Wen, Wenzhong Su, Xin Wang, Baogang Liu, Yunjian Huang, Yan Zhang, Peng Chen, Qiming Wang, Rong Qiao, Shengxiang Ren, Yang Wei, Zhengbo Song, Wenqing Zhu, Xiaoxia Lu, Lulu Yang
BACKGROUND
• Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), a protein that inhibits Notch signaling, is an attractive therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) due to high expression in tumors of neuroendocrine lineage.
• SHR-4849 (IDE849*) is an antibody-drug conjugate comprising a humanized anti-DLL3 IgG1 monoclonal antibody, linked to a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor payload by a cleavable linker.
• We initiated a first-in-human study of SHR-4849 in relapsed or metastatic SCLC and other NECs. SHR-4849 at doses ranging from 0.8 to 4.2 mg/kg showed a tolerable and manageable safety profile, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and promising anti-tumor activity.
METHODS
• Study design: a multicenter, phase 1 study (NCT06443489).
• Key eligibility criteria:
– Histologically or cytologically confirmed relapsed or metastatic SCLC and other DLL3-expressing NECs. DLL3 positivity was defined as H-score >0.
– Had progressive or recurrent disease after standard treatment(s).
– Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.
– Stable CNS metastases following local therapy.
• Treatment: Eligible patients received intravenous SHR-4849 at 0.8, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.2 mg/kg every 3 weeks.
• This report presents the updated efficacy and safety data.
– Data cutoff: Aug 21, 2026.
– Median follow-up duration: 12.1 months (IQR, 8.2–16.0).
RESULTS
Table 1. Patient characteristics (SCLC N=103; Other NECs N=19; Total N=122)
Data are n (%) or median (range). One (0.8%) patient had previously received T-cell-engaging therapy targeting DLL3.
Table 2. Safety summary | Total (N=122)
Any TRAE | 121 (99.2)
Grade ≥3 | 73 (59.8)
Leading to dose reduction | 23 (18.9)
Leading to treatment discontinuation | 3 (2.5)
Serious | 26 (21.3)
Leading to death | 1 (0.8)
Patients
• A total of 122 patients were enrolled, including 103 (84.4%) with SCLC and 19 (15.6%) with other NECs (Table 1).
Safety
• The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were hematological toxicities (Figure 1).
• Occurrence of grade ≥3 TRAEs and serious TRAEs increased with dose; the rates in the 2.4, 3.0, and 3.5 mg/kg cohorts were:
– Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 33.3%, 70.3%, and 76.2%;
– Serious TRAEs: 15.2%, 24.3%, and 26.2%.
• Treatment-related interstitial lung disease occurred in 9 (7.4%) patients (grade 1–2: 8 [6.6%]; grade ≥3: 1 [0.8%]).
• Only 2.5% of patients discontinued SHR-4849 due to TRAEs (Table 2).
• One patient died due to TRAE (pneumonia).
Figure 1. TRAEs occurring in ≥15% of patients
Figure 2. Best percentage change in target lesions in SCLC patients
Figure 3. PFS in SCLC: PFS events, n (%): 86 (84.3); Median PFS (95% CI): 6.8 months (5.5–8.1)
Figure 4. OS in SCLC: 59.5% (95% CI, 49.1–68.5); OS events, n (%): 55 (53.9); Median OS (95% CI): 14.7 months (11.9–18.3)
Table 3. Antitumor activity
SCLC (≥1.8 mg/kg): All (n=101) | 2L Setting (n=51) | 3L Setting (n=34) | With brain metastases (n=26) | Other NECs (n=19)
ORR, n (%; 95% CI): 69 (68.3%; 58.3–77.2) | 37 (72.5%; 58.3–84.1) | 21 (61.8%; 43.6–77.8) | 20 (76.9%; 56.4–91.0) | 10 (52.6%; 28.9–75.6)
Confirmed ORR, n (%; 95% CI): 55 (54.5%; 44.2–64.4) | 31 (60.8%; 46.1–74.2) | 17 (50.0%; 32.4–67.6) | 17 (65.4%; 44.3–82.8) | 7 (36.8%; 16.3–61.6)
DCR, n (%; 95% CI): 94 (93.1%; 86.2–97.2) | 50 (98.0%; 89.6–100.0) | 32 (94.1%; 80.3–99.3) | 26 (100.0%; 86.8–100.0) | 16 (84.2%; 60.4–96.6)
ORR, objective response rate. DCR, disease control rate.
Efficacy in SCLC (Table 3; Figures 2-5)
• In patients receiving SHR-4849 at ≥1.8 mg/kg: Confirmed ORR was 54.5%, and DCR was 93.1%; Median PFS was 6.8 months; Median OS was 14.7 months, and 12-month OS rate was 59.5%.
• In patients in the 2L setting receiving SHR-4849 at ≥1.8 mg/kg: Confirmed ORR was 60.8%, and DCR was 98.0%; Median PFS was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.5–8.3); Median OS was 17.4 months (95% CI, 9.9–not reached), and 12-month OS rate was 60.0 (95% CI, 45.1–72.1).
• In patients with brain metastases receiving SHR-4849 at ≥1.8 mg/kg: Confirmed ORR was 65.4%, and DCR was 100.0%.
Efficacy in other NECs (Table 3; Figures 5-6)
• Confirmed ORR was 36.8%, and DCR was 84.2%;
• Median PFS was 7.0 months;
• 9-month OS rate was 82.4% (95% CI, 54.7–93.9).
Figure 5. The best percentage change in target lesions in other NECs
Figure 6. PFS in other NECs: PFS events, n (%): 11 (57.9); Median PFS (95% CI): 7.0 months (4.2–15.2)
CONCLUSIONS
• SHR-4849 (IDE849) has promising efficacy in patients with relapsed SCLC and other NECs, with clinically meaningful ORR and DCR and encouraging PFS and OS results.
• The safety profile is favorable, with few treatment discontinuations.
• Registrational studies are planned in SCLC and other NECs.
Note: *SHR-4849 is being developed as IDE849 by IDEAYA Biosciences, worldwide outside of greater China.
Contact: Haifeng Liu (HFLIU2025@163.com)
Toni Choueiri, MD@DrChoueiri
Slide: Poster: Decoding tumor gene expression from circulating chromatin at single-gene resolution
Presenting rising star @RashadNawfal post-doc MD in our group working on novel liquid biopsy methods for non-invasive profiling of cancers! Come on down! #ESMO26
@DanaFarber_GU @DanaFarber
Also applying for IM match! Don’t miss on him ! @OncoAlert @SylvanBacaLab #MattFreedman https://t.co/gZ62R4t6bI
[Photo of presenter standing beside poster; poster board 4404P]
Decoding tumor gene expression from circulating chromatin at single-gene resolution
Authors (partially obscured): ... Gunsagar S. Gulati, Damien Vasseur, Sahabeddin Sotudian, Karl Semaan, Marc Eid, Ji-Heui Seo, Mohamed-Amine Bani, Christophe Massard, Antoine Italiano, Antoine Hollebecque, Jean-Charles Soria, Fabrice André, Joaquim Bellmunt, Harshabad Singh, Andrew J. Aguirre, Brian M. Wolpin, Toni K. Choueiri, Sylvan C. Baca, Matthew L. Freedman
1 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; 2 Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; † Contributed equally as first authors
INTRODUCTION [partially obscured by presenter; illegible]
RESULTS
Figure 1: Independent validation of tumor gene expression [box plot; Plasma epigenomic approach]
Figure 2: Pancreatic cancer subtyping with PurIST [box plots incl. APEX]
Figure 3: NECTIN4 expression and response to EV [waterfall plots]
Figure 4: DLL3 expression across SCLC subtypes
• In 34 held-out samples across 18 cancer types, plasma-inferred expression correlated with matched tumor RNA-seq (ρ = 0.79). SCLC signature detection reached 0.1% ctDNA.
• APEX-based PurIST probabilities separated basal and classical pancreatic tumors (P = 0.010), with 80% overall classification accuracy.
• In EV-treated patients, high versus low NECTIN4 expression was associated with 58% versus 0% ORR and longer PFS and OS.
• Plasma-inferred DLL3 expression recapitulated SCLC subtype-associated patterns in independent tumor RNA-seq.
• Across 417 patients, 43% had exceptionally high expression of targets for FDA-approved expression-based therapies.
CONCLUSION
• APEX enables noninvasive inference of tumor gene expression across cancer types.
• Plasma-inferred expression supports transcriptional subtyping and identifies candidate biomarkers associated with treatment outcomes.
• Functional liquid biopsy could help monitor tumor biology and guide precision oncology.
ESMO Congress 2026, Madrid, Spain
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: Opportunities for liquid biopsy use across the lung cancer journey - Natasha Leighl · 2) Biomarker data: What do the guidelines recommend? ctDNA indications · 3) Biomarker data: Pitfalls Of Plasma cfDNA NGS - plasma vs tissue testing for NSCLC · 4) Slide: PM ACCELERATE: pre-diagnostic plasma NGS, tissue-sparing approach (Natasha B. Leighl)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Educationnal Session
🔥 Challenge your Expert
🎯Liquid biopsies in advanced lung cancer: The future has arrived?
🎙️Dr. Natasha Leighl
🔗 https://t.co/NTZty74U60
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC #LiquidBiopsy https://t.co/5YS08fT8us
[Slide 1]
Opportunities For Liquid Biopsy Use Across The Lung Cancer Journey
[Diagram: blood vessel with circulating analytes; ctDNA levels over time curve]
Genomic changes; RNA; Methylation; CTC; Fragment analysis; TEP; Exosome
APPLICATIONS: Screening, Diagnosis | Treatment monitoring | MRD detection, molecular genotyping | Detecting resistance
CTDNA LEVELS; MRD detection limit; Early stage; Late stage; Acquired resistance
TIME: Neoadjuvant monitoring | Adjuvant therapy | Predictive biomarkers | Response monitoring
Genotyping assays
High sensitivity assays – "MRD" tumour informed or tissue-free
Modified from Garcia… Leighl. Br J Cancer 2022
Natasha B. Leighl
[Slide 2]
What do the guidelines recommend?
Indication for ctDNA use | ESMO^1 2022 | NCCN^2 2026 | IASLC^3 2021 | ASCO^4-5 2026
Initial genotyping: Validated, sensitive ctDNA assays can guide targeted therapy selection for patients with advanced cancer | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓
Plasma-first/concurrent testing: ctDNA can be used when tissue is insufficient/unavailable or rapid molecular results are needed | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓
Negative results: Negative plasma findings warrant reflex tissue testing; sensitivity is lower for fusions and copy-number alterations | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓
Acquired resistance: ctDNA can identify resistance mechanisms at disease progression following targeted therapy | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓
Treatment monitoring: Routine serial ctDNA monitoring to guide treatment changes is NOT RECOMMENDED outside clinical trials | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗
Molecular residual disease: Routine ctDNA MRD-guided treatment decisions or surveillance are NOT RECOMMENDED outside clinical trials | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗
ESMO, European Society of Medical Oncology; NCCN, National Comprehensive Cancer Network; IASLC, International Association of the Study of Lung Cancer; ASCO, American Society of Clinical Oncology; PCO, Provisional Clinical Opinion; ctDNA, circulating tumour DNA; MRD, molecular residual disease
1. Pascual J et al. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(8):750-768; 2. National Comprehensive Cancer Network V6.2026; 3. Rolfo C et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2021;16(10):1647-1662; 4. Reuss J et al. J Clin Oncol. 2026;44:e15-e55 (ASCO Living Guidelines, ver. 2026.3.4); 5. Lockwood CM et al. JCO Oncol Pract. 2026;22:1468-1489
Natasha B. Leighl
[Slide 3]
Pitfalls Of Plasma cfDNA NGS
Plasma cfDNA Testing vs. Tissue Testing for Biomarkers in NSCLC
Biomarker class | Examples | Plasma cfDNA performance | Clinical takeaway
Driver mutations | EGFR, KRAS G12C, BRAF V600E, MET exon 14 skipping, HER2 (ERBB2) | Comparable clinical outcomes. Similar outcomes when mutations are identified in plasma or tissue. | Plasma results can guide targeted therapy when positive.
Fusion genes | ALK, ROS1, RET, NTRK1/2/3, NRG1 | Lower sensitivity than tissue. Especially with DNA-based assay. | A negative plasma result requires tissue testing.
Gene amplification / copy number | MET amplification, HER2 amplification | Variable and generally lower sensitivity/specificity | Tissue confirmation often needed with current assays
Protein expression | PD-L1, HER2 (IHC), MET (IHC) | Not assessable by plasma cfDNA. Protein expression cannot be measured in plasma cfDNA. | Tissue required (for IHC or other protein-based assays).
False negatives
• Lower sensitivity than tissue
False positives
Clonal hematopoiesis in ~25%
Other
• Knowing when to reflex to tissue – informative vs uninformative negative result
• Unable to determine tissue of origin, cancer diagnosis, pathologic subtyping
Natasha B. Leighl
[Slide 4]
PM ACCELERATE: Can We Adopt A Pre-diagnostic Plasma NGS, Tissue-sparing Approach?
Week 1: Patients with suspected advanced lung cancer based on imaging (multidisciplinary assessment)
Plan diagnostic tissue biopsy, complete staging, and draw liquid biopsy (plasma NGS)
18% insufficient tissue for NGS
8% no testing, 10% single gene
Week 2: Plasma NGS informative: actionable driver (eg, RET fusion) | Plasma NGS informative: nonactionable driver (eg, KRAS G12D mutation) | Plasma NGS uninformative: (ctDNA not detected, not tumor-derived or nondriver)
Week 3: Diagnostic tissue sampling; Cancer confirmed, pathologic subtyping as appropriate
Expedite tissue diagnosis, start targeted therapy if indicated(a) (tissue NGS optional, not required)
51% ESCAT Tier 1
27%
Week 4: Initiate PD-L1; Initiate tissue NGS testing (per standard of care) if plasma ctDNA uninformative or nondriver alteration identified
Start immunotherapy with or without chemotherapy based on pathologic subtype, PD-L1 (tissue NGS pending(b))
22% (KRAS, STK11, PIK3CA, TP53)
(*1/20 FN)
18% cfDNA not detected
8% tissue AGA
Week 5: Tissue NGS results
Start treatment if clinically indicated
Start treatment based on pathologic subtype, PD-L1, and tissue NGS results
Week 6
✓ Detects more actionable alterations than tissue NGS alone (83% vs 71%)
✓ Higher costs (~$4000 CAD), higher QALYs
✓ Shorter mean time to treatment (15 v 23+ days)
García-Pardo M…Leighl NB. JAMA Netw Open. 2023; Zhu J… Leighl NB WCLC 2026
Natasha B. Leighl
Yakup Ergün@dr_yakupergun
Safety data: ADC toxicity profile comparison: T-DXd vs SG vs Dato-DXd (Yeon Hee Park)
#ESMO26
Comparison of Common Toxicities Associated with Frequently Used ADCs
From Yeon Hee Park’s great presentation👇 https://t.co/3jIwlyUrtI
Different toxicity profiles, not different degrees of toxicity
Trastuzumab deruxtecan DESTINY-Breast06 | Sacituzumab govitecan TROPiCS-02 | Datopotamab deruxtecan TROPION-Breast01
Nausea, any grade 65.9% | Neutropenia, G3–4 51% | Nausea, any grade 51.1%
Alopecia, any grade 45.4% | Nausea, any grade 55% | Alopecia, any grade 36.4%
Fatigue, any grade 45.4% | Alopecia, any grade 46% | Dry eye, any grade 21.7%
Neutropenia, G3–4 20.7% | Diarrhoea, G3–4 9% | Stomatitis, G3–4 6.4%
ILD / pneumonitis 11.3% (G5 0.7%) | ILD / pneumonitis Not reported | ILD / pneumonitis 3.3% (one G5)
Watch: interstitial lung disease | Watch: myelosuppression and diarrhoea | Watch: stomatitis and ocular surface toxicity
Comorbidity should drive the choice: lung disease argues against T-DXd, low marrow reserve against SG, ocular surface disease against Dato-DXd.
Yeon Hee Park
Rates as compiled in Kang S, Kim SB. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2025;17:1–32. Cross-trial comparison — populations and reporting conventions differ.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: MDT-BRIDGE phase 2 study design - neoadjuvant durvalumab + platinum · 2) Biomarker data: MDT-BRIDGE - ctDNA detection and VAF dynamics during neoadjuvant · 3) Biomarker data: MDT-BRIDGE - neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance by pCR status with PPV/NPV table · 4) Kaplan-Meier survival data: MDT-BRIDGE - Kaplan-Meier EFS (resected) and PFS (CRT-treated)
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥MDT-BRIDGE: ctDNA Clearance (CL) During Neoadjuvant Treatment (Neoadj Tx) and Its Association With Outcomes in Patients (Pts) With Resectable/Borderline Resectable Stage IIB–IIIB NSCLC
🎙️ @DoctorJSpicer
🔢LBA62
🎯ctDNA CL at C2D1 Had 83.3% PPV for pCR
🎯Pre-Surgery CL: pCR 76.0% vs Non-pCR 20.9%
🎯No EFS Events in Resected Pts With CL vs 12-Mo EFS 88.9% Without CL (n=107)
☑️NCT05925530
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
MDT-BRIDGE Study Design
Global, Non-randomized, Phase 2 Study
Neoadjuvant period A | Neoadjuvant period B | Adjuvant/ consolidation period
Baseline MDT resectability assessment (resectable or borderline resectable)
Durvalumab + investigator's choice of platinum-based CT Q3W for 2 cycles
MDT reassessment Restaging/ optional pathologic confirmation
Resectable -> Durvalumab + investigator's choice of platinum-based CT Q3W for 1-2 cycles -> Surgery
Unresectable -> CRT
Durvalumab monotherapy Q4W for 12 cycles
C1D1 (Baseline) | C2D1 | End of C2 | Pre-CRT (after 2 cycles of D + CT) | Pre-surgery (after 3-4 cycles of D + CT)* | Additional post-surgery ctDNA analysis is planned
Tissue collection timepoints
Plasma collection timepoints for neoadjuvant ctDNA analysis
Key inclusion criteria and study requirements
• Aged ≥18 years and previously untreated
• Pathologically confirmed, resectable or borderline resectable stage IIB-IIIB NSCLC (AJCC 8th edition1)
• EGFR/ALK wild type (per local test)
• WHO/ECOG PS 0-1
• At least 1 target lesion not previously irradiated
• Pre-operative RT not allowed
• Primary endpoint: Resection rate, the proportion of all patients (FAS) who underwent definitive surgery
• Key secondary endpoints: Resection rate by baseline MDT resectability; ORR; pCR; EFS; PFS; safety; and ctDNA clearance from baseline (pre-treatment) to pre-surgery/pre-CRT
• ctDNA clearance from baseline to all neoadjuvant timepoints was assessed in evaluable patients using the tumor-informed Foresight CLARITY™ custom assay (LoD95: ≤1 ppm variant allele fraction [VAF])
- After whole genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor tissue and paired germline blood samples, a personalized set of up to 5000 tumor-specific targets, including phased variants, was used to analyze ctDNA
*Excluding patients who switched to CRT, 42/112 (37.5%) deemed resectable at MDT reassessment completed 4 cycles. AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; CXDX, cycle X day X; D, durvalumab; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; EFS, event-free survival; FAS, full analysis set (i.e., all patients who received ≥1 dose of study intervention); LoD95, 95% limit of detection; ORR, objective response rate; pCR, pathological complete response; PFS, progression-free survival; PS, performance status; ppm, parts per million; QXW, once every X weeks; RT, radiotherapy; WHO, World Health Organization. 1. Amin MB, et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th ed. NY, NY: Springer; 2017.
[Slide 2]
ctDNA Detection and Dynamics During Neoadjuvant Treatment (ctDNA BEP)*
• 99.1% of patients with biomarker evaluable samples were ctDNA+ at baseline
• VAF levels decreased markedly from baseline after 1-2 cycles of neoadjuvant durvalumab + CT
- ctDNA was detected as low as 0.000046% VAF (0.46 ppm VAF) at any neoadjuvant timepoint
Neoadjuvant period A | Neoadjuvant period B†
VAF, % | VAF, parts per million
ctDNA detection: Negative; Positive
C1D1 (Baseline) | C2D1 | End of C2 | Pre-surgery/pre-CRT
ctDNA detected, n/N‡ (%) | 105/106 (99.1) | 96/104 (92.3) | 56/79 (70.9) | 57/91 (62.6)
Median VAF, % (ppm)¶ | 0.3339 (3,339) | 0.0152 (152) | 0.00779 (77.9) | 0.00901 (90.1)
Mean, % | 2.648 | 0.432 | 0.332 | 0.885
Range, % | 0.00265-33.8 | 0.000109-15.9 | 0.00006-7.59 | 0.000046-26.4
DCO, 12 January 2026. *Analyses are based on patients with evaluable plasma samples at each respective timepoint; denominators may, therefore, vary. †This period included both resectable and unresectable patients, for whom there was variability in the timings of sample collection at the pre-surgery and pre-CRT timepoints and in the number of neoadjuvant treatment cycles (i.e., resectable patients received an additional 1-2 cycles of neoadjuvant durvalumab + CT). ‡At each timepoint, n patients with ctDNA detected among N patients with biomarker evaluable samples. ¶Based solely on patients with ctDNA detected. ppm, parts per million; VAF, variant allele fraction.
[Slide 3]
Association of Neoadjuvant ctDNA Clearance with pCR Status (ctDNA BEP)
• As early as C2D1, higher rates of neoadjuvant ctDNA clearance were observed in patients with pCR vs non-pCR
• The positive predictive value (PPV) of ctDNA clearance for pCR was highest at C2D1 (83.3%), potentially enabling early identification of responders after only 1 cycle of durvalumab + CT
- The negative predictive value (NPV) was highest at pre-surgery (85.0%)
ctDNA clearance from baseline*
Clearance rate, %
C2D1: pCR No 2.1% (1/48); pCR Yes 19.2% (5/26)
End of C2: pCR No 14.6% (6/41); pCR Yes 61.9% (13/21)
Pre-surgery: pCR No 20.9% (9/43); pCR Yes 76.0% (19/25)
Predictive value of ctDNA clearance at different timepoints for pCR†
Timepoint | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI)
C2D1 | 83.3% (43.7-97.0) | 69.1% (57.4-78.8)
End of C2 | 68.4% (46.0-84.6) | 81.4% (67.4-90.3)
Pre-surgery | 67.9% (49.3-82.1) | 85.0% (70.9-92.9)
DCO, 12 January 2026. Error bars represent 95% CIs calculated using the Wilson score method. *Analyses are based on patients with evaluable plasma samples at each respective timepoint, denominators may, therefore, vary. †95% CIs for PPV and NPV calculated using the Wilson score method. PPV, positive predictive value (i.e., the likelihood of ctDNA- patients achieving pCR). NPV, negative predictive value (i.e., the likelihood of ctDNA+ patients not achieving pCR);
[Slide 4]
Association of ctDNA Clearance at Pre-surgery/pre-CRT with Preliminary EFS and PFS (ctDNA BEP)*
• Among resected patients, none with pre-surgery ctDNA clearance had an EFS event, while 12-month EFS in patients without clearance was 88.9%
• Among CRT-treated patients, only one with pre-CRT ctDNA clearance had a PFS event (after 12 months), while 12-month PFS in patients without clearance was 77.5%, although patient numbers were small
EFS (resected patients)
ctDNA clearance | Non-ctDNA clearance
No. events / no. patients (%) | 0/28 (0) | 5/40 (12.5)
100%
88.9% (95% CI, 72.8-95.7)
Probability of EFS
Time from first dose (months)
No. at risk
Clearance 28 28 26 18 10 2
Non-clearance 40 40 35 25 11 0
PFS (CRT-treated patients)†
ctDNA clearance | Non-ctDNA clearance
No. events / no. patients (%) | 1/4 (25.0) | 5/16 (31.3)
100%
77.5% (95% CI, 44.8-92.3)
Probability of PFS
Time from first dose (months)
No. at risk
Clearance 4 4 3 3 2 0
Non-clearance 16 14 11 7 6 1
DCO, 12 January 2026. *Exploratory analyses of endpoints with limited maturity and small patient numbers; 12-month rates calculated by Kaplan-Meier method, with 95% CIs calculated by complementary log-log method. †PFS was defined as the time from the first dose of any study treatment until PD, assessed by the investigator per RECIST version 1.1, or death (by any cause in the absence of progression) regardless of whether the patient withdrew from therapy or received another anticancer therapy prior to progression.
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS (resected patients) and PFS (CRT-treated patients) by pre-surgery/pre-CRT ctDNA clearance
EFS - ctDNA clearance | 28
EFS - Non-ctDNA clearance | 40
PFS - ctDNA clearance | 4
PFS - Non-ctDNA clearance | 16
12-month EFS: ctDNA clearance 100%; non-clearance 88.9% (95% CI, 72.8-95.7)
12-month PFS: ctDNA clearance 100%; non-clearance 77.5% (95% CI, 44.8-92.3)
[Slide 2]
B7-H3 ADCs
Ifinatamab deruxtecan (I-DXd)1 | Risvutatug Rezetecan (Ris-Rez)3 | Tambotatug Pelitecan (Tam-Peli)2
DAR ≈ 4 | DAR ≈ 4 | DAR ≈ 8
Linker: Cleavable tetrapeptide | Linker: Cleavable tetrapeptide | Linker: Cleavable tumour microenvironment-activatable (TMALIN®)
Payload: Deruxtecan (DXd) | Payload: Rezetecan (HS-9265) | Payload: YL0010014 (C24)
Humanised B7-H3 IgG1 mAb | Fully human B7-H3 IgG1 mAb | Fully human B7-H3 IgG1 mAb
• Payload-class: TOP1 inhibitor | • Payload-class: TOP1 inhibitor | • Payload-class: TOP1 inhibitor
• Payload with short systemic half-life | • Payload half-life not reported | • Payload with long systemic half-life
• Bystander antitumour effect | • Plausible bystander antitumour effect | • Bystander antitumour effect
Same target (B7-H3), same payload class, but different ADC engineering (DAR, linker, payload type)
Noemi Reguart, MD, PhD | ESMO 2026 1.- Rudin C et al. WCLC 2024; 2.- Zhang L et al. WCLC 2026; 3.- Wang J et al. WCLC 2026
[Slide 3]
PHASE 3 TRIALS in RELAPSED SCLC
Target | ADC | Study Name | Design | Previous Tarlatamab | NCT ID
B7-H3 | Tam-Peli | TAISHAN-302 | YL201 vs topotecan | - | NCT06612151
B7-H3 | Ris-Rez | ARTEMIS-008 | HS-20093 vs topotecan | - | NCT06498479
B7-H3 | MHB088C | MHB088C-P-301 | MHB088C vs inv. choice | - | NCT06954246
B7-H3 | Ris-Rez | EMBOLD | GSK5764227 vs topotecan | Allowed | NCT07099898
B7-H3 | I-DXd | IDeate-Lung02 | I-DxD vs inv. choice | - | NCT06203210
TROP2 | SG | EVOKE-SCLC-04 | SG vs topotecan | Allowed | NCT06801834
EGFR-HER3 | Iza-bren | PANKU-Lung03 | BL-B01D1 vs topotecan | - | NCT06500026
DLL3 | Zoci | DLLEVATE | ZL-1310 vs. inv. choice | Allowed | NCT07218146
SEZ6 | ABBV-706 | M23-384 | ABBV-706 vs. inv. choice | Required | NCT07365241
Increasing Accommodation of Prior Tarlatamab Exposure
Noemi Reguart, MD, PhD | ESMO 2026
[Slide 4]
WHAT'S NEXT? ADC COMBINATIONS
1L Therapy (Induction | Maintenance) → 2L Therapy
Today: PE/IO | IO → Tarlatamab; ADC
Tomorrow (DeLLphi 305): PE/IO | TCE + IO → ADC ?
The Future:
PE/IO + TCE → ADC ± bispecific
ADC + IO ± CP → TCE
ADC + TCE → ?
Noemi Reguart, MD, PhD | ESMO 2026 1.- Adapted from Reguart N. ASCO 2026; PE, platinum-etoposide; TCE, T-Cell Engager; ADC, Antibody-Drug Conjugate; IO, immunotherapy
Katsuaki Maehara 🇯🇵@KatsuakiMaehara
Biomarker data: FLAURA2 ctDNA: plasma EGFRm clearance by treatment arm at Weeks 1, 2, 3 and 6
🫁🫁 FLAURA 2 🫁🫁
💥Interestingly, the rate of EGFRm clearance is similar between the Osimertinib plus chemotherapy group and the Osimertinib monotherapy group.
💥One hypothesis is that clearance is driven by the efficacy of osimertinib rather than by chemotherapy.
💥IMO
#ESMO2026
#LCSM
#FLAURA2
#osimertinib
#EGFR
In patients with baseline-detected plasma EGFRm, rate of EGFRm clearance was similar between treatment arms at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6
- 421 / 557 (76%) patients enrolled in FLAURA2 had an evaluable baseline plasma EGFRm ddPCR result (ctDNA analysis set)1
- Of those patients included in the ctDNA analysis set, plasma EGFRm at baseline was detected in 147 / 212 (69%) patients in the osi + plat-pem arm and 161 / 209 (77%) patients in the osi mono arm1
Timepoint | Arm | n | EGFRm cleared | EGFRm not cleared
Week 1 | Osi + plat-pem | n=104 | 38% (95% CI 29, 47) | 62% (95% CI 53, 71)
Week 1 | Osi mono | n=131 | 42% (95% CI 34, 51) | 58% (95% CI 49, 66)
Week 2 | Osi + plat-pem | n=113 | 64% (95% CI 55, 72) | 36% (95% CI 28, 45)
Week 2 | Osi mono | n=133 | 64% (95% CI 55, 72) | 36% (95% CI 28, 45)
Week 3 | Osi + plat-pem | n=109 | 81% (95% CI 72, 88) | 19% (95% CI 12, 28)
Week 3 | Osi mono | n=140 | 71% (95% CI 63, 79) | 29% (95% CI 21, 37)
Week 6 | Osi + plat-pem | n=105 | 88% (95% CI 80, 93) | 12% (95% CI 7, 20)
Week 6 | Osi mono | n=137 | 89% (95% CI 83, 94) | 11% (95% CI 6, 17)
Y-axis: Proportion of patients (%)
Legend: Osi + plat-pem: EGFRm not cleared / EGFRm cleared; Osi mono: EGFRm not cleared / EGFRm cleared
Yakup Ergün@dr_yakupergun
Slide: 2805eP meta-analysis: first-line BRAF/MEK vs ICI-based therapy in BRAF V600E NSCLC
#ESMO26 | Our Meta-Analysis
Another study conducted with Rohit and Rahul (@OncBrothers )!
BRAF/MEK inhibition vs ICI-based therapy in first-line BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC.
Our meta-analysis included 4 retrospective studies involving 589 patients.
🔹PFS: HR 1.22 (95% CI 0.89–1.68; p=0.22)
🔹OS: HR 1.01 (95% CI 0.59–1.73; p=0.97)
🔹ORR: 65.3% vs 48.0%, favoring BRAF/MEK inhibition (p=0.04).
BRAF/MEK inhibition achieved higher response rates without a statistically significant survival advantage.
I suspect most clinicians will continue to prioritize BRAF/MEK inhibition, particularly in light of the impressive PHAROS results.
However, the optimal first-line strategy remains an open question, and our findings highlight the need for prospective comparative evidence.
2805eP - First-line BRAF/MEK Inhibition versus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Based Therapy in BRAF V600E-Mutant Metastatic NSCLC: A Meta-Analysis
Yakup Ergun, Rohit Gosain, Rahul Gosain
Department of Medical Oncology, Bower Hospital, Diyarbakır, Türkiye, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, USA, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
BACKGROUND
The optimal first-line treatment for patients with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC remains unclear. While current ESMO and NCCN guidelines prioritize BRAF/MEK inhibition, no randomized trials have directly compared targeted therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–based regimens. We performed a meta-analysis of retrospective studies to compare efficacy outcomes between these strategies.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Retrospective studies comparing first-line BRAF/MEK inhibitor combinations versus ICI-based therapies (monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy) were included. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), while objective response rate (ORR) was evaluated as a secondary endpoint. Effect sizes were pooled as hazard ratios (HRs) for survival outcomes and odds ratios (ORs) for ORR with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed- or random-effects models based on heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic.
RESULTS
Four retrospective studies including 589 patients (BRAF/MEK: n=384; ICI-based: n=205) were analyzed. No statistically significant difference in PFS was observed between the two strategies (HR 1.22; 95% CI 0.89–1.68; p=0.22; I²=0%); however, a numerical trend favored BRAF/MEK inhibition. Similarly, OS did not differ significantly (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.59–1.73; p=0.97), although substantial heterogeneity was present (I²=69%). In contrast, ORR was significantly higher with BRAF/MEK inhibition compared to ICI-based therapy (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.37–0.97; p=0.04; I²=0%).
OS forest plot
Study or Subgroup | log[Hazard Ratio] | SE | Weight | Hazard Ratio IV, Random, 95% CI
Di Federico et al. | -0.4559 | 0.2223 | 37.2% | 0.63 [0.41, 0.98]
Johnson BE et al. | 0.555 | 0.3661 | 26.3% | 1.74 [0.85, 3.57]
Wiesweg et al. | 0.0957 | 0.2308 | 36.5% | 1.10 [0.70, 1.73]
Total (95% CI) | | | 100.0% | 1.01 [0.59, 1.73]
Heterogeneity: Tau² = 0.15; Chi² = 6.44, df = 2 (P = 0.04); I² = 69%
Test for overall effect: Z = 0.04 (P = 0.97)
IO-Based | BRAF/MEKi
PFS forest plot
Study or Subgroup | log[Hazard Ratio] | SE | Weight | Hazard Ratio IV, Fixed, 95% CI
Di Federico et al. | 0.1661 | 0.1677 | 94.2% | 1.18 [0.85, 1.64]
Jia et al. | 0.7747 | 0.6735 | 5.8% | 2.17 [0.58, 8.12]
Total (95% CI) | | | 100.0% | 1.22 [0.89, 1.68]
Heterogeneity: Chi² = 0.77, df = 1 (P = 0.38); I² = 0%
Test for overall effect: Z = 1.24 (P = 0.22)
IO-Based | BRAF/MEKi
ORR forest plot
Study or Subgroup | IO-Based Events | Total | BRAF/MEKi Events | Total | Weight | Odds Ratio M-H, Fixed, 95% CI
Di Federico et al. | 40 | 82 | 121 | 193 | 85.6% | 0.57 [0.34, 0.96]
Jia et al. | 9 | 20 | 13 | 26 | 14.4% | 0.82 [0.25, 2.63]
Total (95% CI) | | 102 | | 219 | 100.0% | 0.60 [0.37, 0.97]
Total events | 49 | | 134
Heterogeneity: Chi² = 0.32, df = 1 (P = 0.57); I² = 0%
Test for overall effect: Z = 2.08 (P = 0.04)
BRAF/MEKi | IO-Based
CONCLUSIONS
In this meta-analysis of retrospective data, BRAF/MEK inhibition was associated with significantly higher response rates, while no statistically significant differences were observed in survival outcomes. A consistent numerical trend in PFS favoring targeted therapy suggests a potential efficacy signal that may not reach statistical significance due to the limited number of studies and patients. The substantial heterogeneity observed in OS further limits definitive interpretation. Overall, the current evidence base remains limited, and larger, well-designed studies with more homogeneous patient populations are required to better define the optimal first-line strategy in this molecular subgroup.
REFERENCES
1. Wiesweg M, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(9).
2. Di Federico A, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2025;26(10).
3. Jia B, et al. EBioMedicine. 2025;114.
4. Johnson BE, et al. JTO Clin Res Rep. 2022;3(5).
CONTACT
Yakup ERGUN, MD
E-mail: dr.yakupergun@gmail.com
X account: @dr_yakupergun
No conflicts of interest
Christian Rolfo@ChristianRolfo
1) Slide: Title slide: Pre-treatment tumor immune-repertoire features and ICI-related pneumonitis · 2) Slide: Naidoo et al.: Pretreatment TCR diversity (Shannon entropy) associated with ICI pneumonitis
Interesting presentation on profiling treatment IO related pneumonitis.RNAseq TCR seq data. Congrats @DrJNaidoo and all the team!!
#ESMO26
@myESMO https://t.co/cXTRVrS59o
[Slide 1]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
Pre-treatment Tumor Immune-Repertoire Features associate with ICI-related pneumonitis in NSCLC
Predicting ICI-related pneumonitis using immunogenomic and clinical features derived from real-world data
Authors: Jarushka Naidoo1, Florent Guinot2, Rajat Mohindra3, Adrian B.Roth3, Svetlana Lyalina4, George Quartey4, Samuel Torres Florez3, Ramanandan Prabhakaran3, Cameron MacPherson2, G Scott Chandler3
Author affiliations:
Beaumont Hospital and RCSI University of Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland1
Institut Roche2, Roche3, Genentech4
[Slide 2]
Key Results 1: Pretreatment TCR diversity associated with development of ICI pneumonitis
The association model estimates risk; stability analyses ask whether the same feature is repeatedly selected
UNIVARIABLE ANALYSIS
Adjusted Cox Model
TCR: TCR_richness; TCR_shannon_entropy; TCR_inverse_simpson; TCR_clonality_score; TCR_top_clone_frequency; TCR_gini_index; TCR_cdr3_length_mean
TCR Shannon entropy
HR 1.42
95% CI 1.13–1.79
raw p = 0.002
BH q = 0.067
Nominal association; it did not cross the BH-adjusted 0.05 threshold.
Dashed line = HR 1 (no association). Points to the right indicate higher hazard.
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Multivariable analyses
Ranked EFP Scores
Features ranked by Expected False Positives (labeled if EFP ≤ 10)
Rank (1 = lowest EFP)
Feature Category: BCR heavy, IGHA, IGHD, IGHE, IGHG, IGHM, IGK, IGL, TCR
TCR_shannon_entropy 0.3381015 | IGHM_richness 0.5508525 | IGK_shannon_entropy 2.6057871
TCR Shannon entropy
Most stable feature (lowest EFP value)
Risk marker: higher pretreatment TCR Shannon entropy = a broader, more even T-cell clonotype distribution.
Mechanistic hypothesis: broader T-cell engagement may create greater opportunity for off-target lung inflammation; causality is not established.
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Slide: Discussant slide: From safety descriptions to patient experience (PROs) · 2) Safety data: DESTINY-Lung04 PROs: overall treatment tolerability and TTD in cough · 3) Slide: Discussant slide: Mechanisms of acquired resistance to kinase inhibitors in lung cancer
#ESMO26 Dr. Pasi Janne discusses rapid oral lung abstracts. Stresses value of PROs and distinguishes safety description and patient experience. And discusses resistance to targeted therapy. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/4iurjgMtDY
[Slide 2]
From safety descriptions to patient experience
Years on treatment make daily function and chronic symptom burden clinically consequential.
How early-phase trials describe toxicity
[Pie chart A: No ISJETs 12%; Acceptable 2%; Favorable 7%; Multiple ISJETs 10%; Manageable 14%; Comparable 13%; Tolerable 42%]
ISJET: Investigator-assigned Subjective or Judgmental Efficacy and Toxicity
100 early-phase abstracts, ASCO 2024
88% used subjective toxicity language
PROs measure symptoms and treatment burden directly.
ESMO-MCBS: evidence before QoL credit
Primary or secondary endpoint
Validated instrument (overall/global QoL)
Meaningful effect size
Transparent missing-data analysis
PROs reveal how chronic toxicity affects daily life, beyond clinician-graded adverse events.
Phillips, Watson & Camidge. JTO 2025;20:589-596, Fig. 2A. Oosting et al. Ann Oncol 2023;34:431-439; ESMO QoL checklist.
[Slide 3]
DESTINY-Lung04: better control, better daily life?
Overall treatment tolerability
[Stacked bar chart, Weekly assessments BL, 1-12: Proportion of patients bothered by treatment side effects (%)]
T-DXd n=226
Pembro + chemo n=220
During the first 12 weeks, the proportion of patient-weeks with high side-effect bother was 13.4% in both arms* (score of 'very much' or 'quite a bit')
Legend: Not at all; A little bit; Somewhat; Quite a bit; Very much
TTD in cough
T-DXd (n=227) Pembro + chemo (n=227)
Median TTD, months (95% CI) 26.2 (17.1, NC) 11.0 (7.4, NC)
Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.66 (0.44, 0.99)
[Kaplan-Meier curves: Probability of no sustained deterioration vs Time from randomization (months) 0-36]
No. at risk (months 0,3,...,36)
T-DXd: 227 106 73 58 41 34 25 17 11 7 4 3 0
Pembro + chemo: 227 92 54 38 21 12 10 7 6 4 3 2 0
Overall treatment tolerability was similar in both arms
Novello et al. ESMO 2026; LBA74.
Survival table
Endpoint: Time to deterioration (TTD) in cough
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
T-DXd | 227 | 26.2 mo | 17.1-NC
Pembro + chemo | 227 | 11.0 mo | 7.4-NC
HR: 0.66
HR CI: 0.44-0.99
[Slide 4]
Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer
Mutations in the drug target - Impact drug binding
Bypass Signaling - Oncogene Amplification; Oncogene Rearrangement
Mutations in Downstream Effectors - PI3K -> AKT; RAS -> RAF -> MEK -> ERK; [Cell Cycle diagram: G1, G0, G1/S Checkpoint, S, G2, G2/M Checkpoint, M, M/G1 Checkpoint]
State Transformation - [histology image] Small Cell Lung cancer; Squamous Cell lung cancer
Cohen at al. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Mechanism of action: Temab-A: A Novel Anti-c-Met Protein-Targeting ADC · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Temab-A EGFRwt cohort PFS/OS KM (M21-404 Ph1) · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Temab-A EGFRmut cohort PFS/OS KM (M21-404 Ph1)
#ESMO26 Dr. David Sommerhalder presents OS from M21-404: telisotuzumab adizutecan (Temab-A), a c-MET directed ADC with a topo-1 payload. mPFS 6.8m OS 13.8m in EGFR wild type. mPFS 10.9m OS 16.2m in EGFR mutant. cMET expression predicts outcomes in EGFRwt, not so in EGFRmt. https://t.co/UxvZNMebl7
[Slide 2]
Temab-A: A Novel Anti-c-Met Protein-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate
- Increased c-Met protein (also known as MET protein) is common in solid tumors, including NSCLC, and is associated with poor clinical outcomes1-3
- Telisotuzumab adizutecan (Temab-A; ABBV-400) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprising the c-Met-targeting antibody telisotuzumab conjugated to a novel potent topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload, adizutecan
- In an ongoing first-in-human Phase 1 study (NCT05029882), Temab-A monotherapy showed promising efficacy with a confirmed objective response rate (ORR) of 50% and 63% in heavily pretreated patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor wildtype (EGFRwt) and mutated (EGFRmut) non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), respectively4,5
Temab-A Mechanism of Action1
Validated c-Met-targeted antibody (telisotuzumab)
Potent Top1i payload (adizutecan)
Stable linker - Minimizes free-payload toxicity
Tumor cell; c-Met protein; Top1i inhibits DNA replication; Leading to apoptosis
Antitumor effect of Temab-A does not rely on c-Met signaling, unlike c-Met protein-targeting TKIs and mAbs
Herein, we present updated overall survival (OS) data for those 2 patient cohorts with a median follow-up of 30.1 months
mAb, monoclonal antibody; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Top1i, topoisomerase 1 inhibitor.
1. Moosavi F, et al. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2019;56:533-566. 2. Mer AH, et al. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2024;14:2963-2988. 3. Motwani M, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2021;16:S1169-S1170.
4. De Miguel M, et al. Ann Oncol. 2024;35(Suppl 2):S805-S806. 5. Camidge DR, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2025;43:8512.
[Slide 3]
In the Overall EGFRwt Cohort Unselected for c-Met, Median PFS Was 6.8 Months and Median OS Was 13.8 Months in Patients Who Received Temab-A
- At the June 02, 2026, data cutoff, median follow-up was 30.1 months (range, 0.4-35.5)
- ORR was 50% (24/48) (95% CI, 35.2-64.8)
- Median DOR was 5.6 months (95% CI, 4.2-11.3)
Progression-Free Survival
PFS EGFRwt Overall (n=48)
Events, n (%) 40 (83)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 6.8 (5.4-7.3)
Number at risk (Overall, months 0-33): 48 45 41 37 34 32 24 18 15 13 11 10 9 8 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 0
Overall Survival
OS EGFRwt Overall (n=48)
Events, n (%) 33 (69)
Median OS, months (95% CI) 13.8 (9.0-25.2)
Number at risk (Overall, months 0-36): 48 46 46 44 41 39 36 35 31 30 26 25 24 24 23 23 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 13 13 12 9 9 7 7 4 3 3 2 1 0
+ Censored
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026.
DOR, duration of response; EGFRwt, epidermal growth factor receptor wildtype; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; Temab-A, telisotuzumab adizutecan.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS, EGFRwt overall cohort (Temab-A)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
EGFRwt overall - PFS | 48 | 6.8 months | 5.4-7.3
EGFRwt overall - OS | 48 | 13.8 months | 9.0-25.2
[Slide 4]
In the EGFRmut Cohort Unselected for c-Met, Median PFS Was 10.9 Months and Median OS Was 16.2 Months in Patients Who Received Temab-A
- At the June 02, 2026, data cutoff, median follow-up was 29.5 months (range, 0.4-34.8)
- ORR was 63% (26/41) (95% CI, 46.9-77.9)
o Median DOR was 9.7 months (95% CI, 8.3-13.5)
Progression-Free Survival
PFS EGFRmut Overall (n=41)
Events, n (%) 39 (95)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 10.9 (8.3-12.3)
Number at risk (Overall, months 0-33): 41 40 40 37 36 34 31 29 29 26 20 16 15 10 9 7 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Overall Survival
OS EGFRmut Overall (n=41)
Events, n (%) 31 (76)
Median OS, months (95% CI) 16.2 (11.6-19.9)
Number at risk (Overall, months 0-36): 41 40 40 39 38 38 37 36 35 34 30 27 26 25 25 24 21 18 16 15 13 11 10 10 9 9 9 8 6 6 3 1 1 1 1 0 0
+ Censored
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026.
DOR, duration of response; EGFRmut, epidermal growth factor receptor mutated; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; Temab-A, telisotuzumab adizutecan.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS, EGFRmut overall cohort (Temab-A)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
EGFRmut overall - PFS | 41 | 10.9 months | 8.3-12.3
EGFRmut overall - OS | 41 | 16.2 months | 11.6-19.9
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Trial design schema: DESTINY-Lung04 trial design (Silvia Novello, PRO analysis) · 2) Safety data: DESTINY-Lung04 overall treatment tolerability (PGI-TT) · 3) Slide: DESTINY-Lung04 symptoms related to AEs (EORTC QLQ-C30 / EORTC IL / PRO-CTCAE)
#ESMO26 Dr. Silvia Novello presents PRO endpoints from DESTINY-Lung04 (1L trastuzumab deruxtecan vs chemo-IO in HER2 mutant NSCLC). Time to deterioration in pulmonary symptoms favors T-DXd. PROs comparable between arms, symptoms generally better with T-DXd. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/vPNSb5AEPU
[Slide 2]
DESTINY-Lung04 trial design
A randomized, open-label, multicenter, Phase 3 trial (NCT05048797)1,2
Patients
• Unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC
• Treatment naïve for advanced disease
• HER2 exon 19 or 20 mutation by central/local test
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• Asymptomatic/stable/treated brain metastases permitted
• ≥1 measurable lesion per RECIST 1.1
R 1:1, N=454
T-DXd* n=227
Pembro† + platinum chemo‡ + pemetrexed§ n=227
Endpoints
Primary
• PFS (BICR)
Secondary
• OS
• ORR and DOR (BICR)
• PFS2 (investigator)
• Safety and tolerability
• PROs
Exploratory
• PROs
Stratification factors
• Presence/history of brain metastases (yes vs no)
• Smoking history status (ever vs never)
We report PRO endpoints at primary analysis (DCO: June 9, 2026)
PFS, ORR, and DOR all per RECIST 1.1. Patients with objective radiological CNS disease progression per RECIST 1.1 could continue with their assigned trial treatment if, in the investigator's opinion, they continued to receive clinical benefit and were without any discontinuation criteria. Treatment crossover was not permitted
*5.4 mg/kg IV Q3W until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other discontinuation criteria; †200 mg IV Q3W until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other discontinuation criteria; ‡investigator choice of cisplatin (75 mg/m2) or carboplatin (AUC 5) IV Q3W for up to four cycles; §500 mg/m2 IV Q3W until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other discontinuation criteria
1. Rotow J, et al. Oral presentation at WCLC 2026 (PL03.08); 2. NCT05048797. Updated July 10, 2026. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05048797 (Accessed September 15, 2026)
[Slide 3]
Overall treatment tolerability (PGI-TT)
"In the last 7 days, how bothered were you by the side effects of your cancer treatment?"
[Stacked bar chart by week: Weekly assessments (BL, weeks 1-12); Q3W assessments (weeks 15-69); EOT]
T-DXd n=226
Pembro + chemo n=220
Y axis: Proportion of patients bothered by treatment side effects (%)
Legend: Not at all | A little bit | Somewhat | Quite a bit | Very much
During the first 12 weeks, the proportion of patient-weeks with high side-effect bother* was 13.4% in both arms (score of 'very much' or 'quite a bit')
Proportions of patients reporting overall and high side-effect bother were similar between arms throughout treatment
Timepoints after Week 69 through Week 105 have been excluded owing to low sample size (<10% of patients in the safety analysis set, either arm)
Assessed in the safety analysis set. Compliance rates: 65.9% T-DXd vs 70.5% pembro + chemo (baseline); 75.6% T-DXd vs 72.9% pembro + chemo (overall). The PGI-TT assessed how a patient perceived the overall bother of cancer treatment-related side effects over the past week
*Calculated as the number of weeks with high side-effect bother divided by the number of total weeks on treatment across all patients (restricted to first 12 weeks of treatment and excluding missing visits)
BL, baseline
[Slide 4]
Symptoms related to AEs (EORTC QLQ-C30 / EORTC IL / PRO-CTCAE)
T-DXd vs pembro + chemo (measured across the duration of treatment)
Generally better with T-DXd (8/15)
• CoughE
• DyspneaE
• General painE
• Chest painE
• Watery eyesP
• HeadacheP
• Arm/leg swellingP
• RashP
Similar between arms (2/15)
• FatigueE
• ConstipationE
Generally worse with T-DXd (5/15)
• Hair lossP
• Appetite lossE
• NauseaE
• DiarrheaE
• VomitingE
E: assessed via EORTC forms
P: assessed via PRO-CTCAE
For the majority of the 15 symptoms assessed, patient-reported symptom experience during treatment was generally better with T-DXd than with pembro + chemo
Symptoms related to AEs were assessed in the safety analysis set (T-DXd n=226; pembro + chemo n=220). Analyses were descriptive only. Compliance rates for PRO-CTCAE: 62.6% T-DXd vs 69.5% pembro + chemo (baseline); 72.1% T-DXd vs 71.3% pembro + chemo (overall). Compliance rates for EORTC IL123: 66.8% T-DXd vs 71.5% pembro + chemo (baseline); 69.4% T-DXd vs 60.6% pembro + chemo (overall). Overall compliance rates for EORTC IL129: 77.7% T-DXd vs 75.6% pembro + chemo
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Phase II Randomized Trial of Carboplatin, Pemetrexed, and Bevacizumab With and Without Atezolizumab in Stage IV Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients Who Harbor a Sensitizing EGFR Mutation or Have Never Smoked
🎙️ @HwakeleeMD
🔢2668P
🎯Adding Atezolizumab Did Not Significantly Improve PFS (7.7 vs 6.8mo, HR 0.78, p=0.14) or OS (17.3 vs 15.1mo, HR 0.80, p=0.37)
☑️NCT03786692
🔗 https://t.co/G6CLZdncfE
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
2668P
Phase II Randomized Trial of Carboplatin, Pemetrexed, and Bevacizumab with and without Atezolizumab in Stage IV Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients Who Harbor a Sensitizing EGFR Mutation (EGFRm) or Have Never Smoked (NS)
Joseph Treat, J. Nicholas Bodor, Jyoti D. Patel, Hossein Borghaei, Bruna Pellini, Benjamin P. Levy, Chao H. Huang, Jonathan E. Dowell, Joel W. Neal, Sonam Puri, Jorge J. Nieva, Christian A. Thomas, Mark A. Socinski, Kathleen C. Kerrigan, Divya M Gupta, Jinhong Cui, Sydney Whorral, Eric A. Ross, Margie L. Clapper, Heather A. Wakelee
BACKGROUND
• The emergence of immunotherapy (IO) has changed the therapy landscape for NSCLC. However, patients who have never smoked (NS) or have EGFR mutations (EGFRm) derive little benefit from PD-1(-L1) inhibitors. Developing a strategy that overcomes IO resistance for these patients remains a critical need.
• Subgroup analyses from IMpower150 showed superior PFS when the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab was added to carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab as compared to carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab alone in patients with EGFRm NSCLC, however no OS benefit was observed.
• Subsequent prospective trials evaluating IO combined with anti-VEGF and chemotherapy in EGFRm NSCLC have produced conflicting results. Positive findings with these combinations have largely been in trials where the comparator arm includes only platinum-based chemotherapy bringing into question the relative contribution of the IO and the anti-VEGF components to the benefit seen in these studies.
• This randomized, phase II, multi-center trial (NCT03786692) evaluated the efficacy of combining atezolizumab with carboplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab (ACPB) vs. carboplatin, pemetrexed and bevacizumab alone (ACP) in patients with stage IV non-squamous NSCLC who possess sensitizing EGFRm or NS.
STUDY DESIGN
Key Eligibility Criteria
• Stage IV non-squamous NSCLC
• Must have sensitizing EGFRm (exon 19 deletion or L858R) or have NS with wildtype NSCLC (no EGFR, ALK, or ROS1 alterations).
• If EGFRm, must have progression or intolerance to ≥ 1 TKIs.
• Chemotherapy and immunotherapy naive
Stratification Factors
• EGFR status (i.e. EGFRm vs. NS wildtype)
• Prior receipt of anti-VEGF therapy
Randomization – 2:1
n = 70 Arm ACPB: Atezolizumab (1200 mg) + Carboplatin (AUC 5) + Pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) + Bevacizumab (15 mg/m2) Q3 weeks for 4 cycles -> Maintenance: Atezolizumab + Pemetrexed + Bevacizumab
n = 35 Arm CPB: Carboplatin (AUC 5) + Pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) + Bevacizumab (15 mg/m2) Q3 weeks for 4 cycles -> Maintenance: Pemetrexed + Bevacizumab
Primary Endpoint
• Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
Secondary Endpoints
• Overall Survival (OS)
• Overall Response Rate (ORR)
• Safety/Adverse Events (AEs)
• PFS, OS, and ORR in subset of patients with EGFRm
Statistical Considerations:
• Planned enrollment was 117 patients, however the trial was closed prior to reaching this goal due to poor accrual in a setting of rapidly changing front-line therapy options and competing trials in EGFRm NSCLC.
• Comparison of the primary endpoint PFS by arm in the ITT population (N=105) was performed using the log-rank test with a one-sided significance level of 10%. Secondary endpoints included OS, ORR, and safety in the ITT, and evaluation of efficacy endpoints in the EGFRm subset (N=90) using a two-sided significance level of 5%.
• The first patient was enrolled in August 2019. Data cutoff date was October 20, 2025. Median follow-up time was 42.2 months.
RESULTS
Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of ITT study population (N = 105)
Fig 1. PFS in ITT population by Arm* (N = 105)
Arm | Median PFS (95% CI) | HR | One-Sided P-value
ACPB | 7.7 months (6.8 – 10.8) | 0.79 | 0.16
CPB | 6.8 months (4.8 – 10.8)
Number at risk: Arm=CPB 35 20 9 3 2 0 0; Arm=ACPB 70 45 22 8 5 3 1 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 Months)
*ORR (95% CI) was 46% (33% – 58%) with ACPB vs. 34% (19% – 53%) with CPB (P-value = 0.29).
Fig 2. Subgroup Analysis of PFS in ITT
Fig 3. OS in ITT population by Arm (N = 105)
Arm | Median OS (95% CI) | HR | P-value
ACPB | 17.3 months (15.3 – 23.3) | 0.77 | 0.30
CPB | 13.8 months (10.2 – 23.8)
Fig 4. Subgroup Analysis of OS in ITT
Fig 5. PFS in EGFRm subset by Arm (N = 90)
Arm | Median PFS (95% CI) | HR | P-value
ACPB | 7.6 months (6.8 – 9.8) | 0.86 | 0.53
CPB | 6.9 months (5.1 – 11.6)
Number at risk: Arm=CPB 30 19 9 3 2 0 0; Arm=ACPB 60 38 18 7 4 2 0
Fig 6. Subgroup Analysis of PFS in EGFRm
Fig 7. OS in EGFRm subset by Arm (N = 90)
Arm | Median OS (95% CI) | HR | P-value
ACPB | 16.3 months (13.6 – 22.8) | 0.93 | 0.78
CPB | 13.8 months (10.1 – 23.9)
Fig 8. Subgroup Analysis of OS in EGFRm
Table 2. Summary of Treatment-Related and Serious AEs in ITT *
Patients – n (%) | ACPB (n = 68) | CPB (n = 33)
Treatment-related Grade ≥ 1 AEs | 68 (100.0%) | 31 (93.9%)
Treatment-related Grade 3 – 5 AEs | 35 (51.5%) | 17 (51.5%)
Serious AEs | 27 (39.7%) | 13 (39.4%)
*Final complete AE data will be available in a future manuscript publication.
CONCLUSIONS
• In this randomized Phase II trial, adding atezolizumab to carboplatin, pemetrexed, bevacizumab did not significantly improve PFS or OS in patients with Stage IV NSCLC with EGFRm or NS, though trends favored ACPB. No new safety signals were observed.
• Subgroup analyses suggest females may obtain greater benefit from ACPB as compared to CPB. The small subset of patients with NS wildtype tumors derived a significant OS benefit from ACPB.
• Correlative studies are ongoing using a biobank of specimens obtained from enrolled patients. The impact of tumor-based immune and stromal makers using multiplex immunofluorescence on clinical outcomes with ACPB is being evaluated.
Corresponding author: Joseph Treat, MD (Joseph.Treat2@fccc.edu)
This study was funded by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Oncology Research Program from general research support provided by Genentech, Inc.
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Biomarker data: CROWN ctDNA: EOT ctDNA resistance mechanisms table · 2) Biomarker data: CROWN ctDNA: Baseline ctDNA alterations in early progressors vs long-term · 3) Biomarker data: CROWN ctDNA: 7-year PFS by baseline TP53 mutation status
#ESMO26 Dr. @bensolomon1 presents ctDNA data from CROWN: 1L lorlatinib in ALK+ NSCLC. Few samples post-progression but no on-target ALK resistance noted, only bypass / off-target. Those with early progression had more baseline mutations. TP53 and clearance were prognostic. https://t.co/DWi1jaj57k
[Slide 2]
EOT ctDNA analysis confirmed previous findings(1) and identified new putative lorlatinib resistance mechanisms
- Data cutoff for this analysis: October 31, 2025
- Baseline ALK rearrangements were detected by ctDNA in 71 of 120 (59%) patients
- Paired baseline and post-progression EOT ctDNA samples (n=17) revealed no new ALK resistance mutations at EOT
- Changes in genomic alteration status at EOT showed that resistance to lorlatinib may be driven by bypass mechanisms(a) and other cancer-related pathways; inflammatory-response pathway alterations were observed at EOT in 6 of 17 (35%) patients(b)
Resistance mechanism | Genes(c) | Patients with altered genes, n (%)(d)
DNA damage repair | ATM, BRCA2, CHEK2, XRCC2 | 6/17 (35%)
Inflammatory-response | AXL, IL1R1, LYN, MET, MYC, and ROS1 | 6/17 (35%)
RTK/RAS/MAPK | FLT1/VEGFR1, KRAS, MAP2K1, MET, NTRK1 | 6/17 (35%)
Oncogene amplification | MET, MYC, NOTCH2 | 5/17 (29%)
Tumor suppressor | BRCA2, FAT1, LRP5, RB1 | 5/17 (29%)
Angiogenesis | FLT1/VEGFR1 | 3/17 (18%)
Epigenetic regulation | HDAC6 | 2/17 (12%)
ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase; ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; EOT, end of treatment; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; RAS, rat sarcoma; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase.
(a)No dominant resistance pathway identified. (b)Indicating this pathway as a top potential resistance mechanism in the Hallmark pathway analysis. (c)The gene list for inflammatory-response is the result of Hallmark pathway analysis including all altered genes detected in >=1 patient, whereas the other resistance mechanism pathway genes were detected in >=2 patients. (d)A patient could have more than 1 gene altered in each pathway. 1. Solomon BJ, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42:3400-3409.
[Slide 3]
Baseline ctDNA genetic alterations in EP and LTR with lorlatinib
[Oncoprint: EPs (n=22) and LTRs (n=30); per-gene alteration frequencies]
Gene: EPs % | LTRs %
ALK: 59% | 57%
EML4: 59% | 53%
TP53: 50% | 17%
ATM: 23% | 10%
ZFHX3: 18% | 3%
CHEK2: 18% | 0%
NOTCH3: 14% | 7%
NTRK3: 14% | 0%
ARID1A: 14% | 10%
NF1: 14% | 0%
KRAS: 14% | 0%
MYC: 14% | 0%
CIC: 9% | 3%
SPEN: 9% | 7%
APC: 9% | 3%
MTOR: 9% | 3%
PREX2: 9% | 7%
KDM5C: 9% | 3%
PCDH15: 9% | 3%
ROS1: 9% | 3%
TET1: 9% | 3%
ARID2: 9% | 3%
ATRX: 9% | 3%
PDGFRA: 9% | 3%
DICER1: 9% | 3%
BRIP1: 9% | 3%
IGR: 9% | 13%
ROBO2: 5% | 10%
CDC73: 5% | 7%
BRCA1: 5% | 7%
PBRM1: 5% | 7%
DNMT3B: 0% | 10%
SETD2: 0% | 10%
- EPs had a higher median number of altered genes (10 vs 6) and a higher median blood-based tumor mutation burden (7.7 vs 5.1) compared with LTRs
- TP53 mutations were observed in 50% of samples from EPs compared with 17% in LTRs
- Inflammatory response was the predominant EP-associated pathway, observed in 32% of EPs vs 7% of LTRs
- Altered genes included IRF1, MET, MYC, ROS1, and TAPBP
Legend: Alterations: SNV, Indel, CNA focal + amp, Fusion; Treatment: Lorlatinib; PFS status: Early, Late
EPs are patients who had PFS events within 12 months of the start of the study.
LTRs are patients who were alive with no documented progression at 84 months.
Reprinted from AT Shaw, et al. Ann Oncol. 2026;37(9):1242-1252. Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Medical Oncology.
EP, early progressor; LTR, long-term responder; PFS, progression-free survival.
[Slide 4]
7-year PFS by baseline TP53 mutation status
- Lorlatinib showed prolonged PFS vs crizotinib regardless of baseline TP53 mutation status
- In the lorlatinib group, longer PFS was observed in the TP53 mutation-negative vs mutation-positive subgroup; in the crizotinib group, PFS was short regardless of baseline TP53 status
Table columns: Lorlatinib TP53 mut (-) n=73 | Lorlatinib TP53 mut (+) n=43 | Crizotinib TP53 mut (-) n=65 | Crizotinib TP53 mut (+) n=44
PFS, median (95% CI), months: NR (NR-NR) | 51.6 (16.4-NR) | 10.9 (9.0-12.8) | 7.2 (5.6-9.3)
7-year PFS (95% CI), %: 65.0 (54.5-77.4) | 40.8 (27.3-61.1) | 2.3 (0.3-15.7) | 6.9 (1.9-24.5)
HR (95% CI), mut (-) vs mut (+): Lorlatinib 0.48 (0.268-0.857) | Crizotinib 0.78 (0.513-1.186)
Y axis: Probability of PFS; X axis: Months (0-96)
No. at risk
Lorlatinib TP53 mut (-): 73 64 59 56 53 50 47 47 45 43 43 42 41 40 25 10 2
Lorlatinib TP53 mut (+): 43 33 29 23 21 19 17 16 16 14 13 12 11 11 5 5 0
Crizotinib TP53 mut (-): 65 45 23 14 10 8 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 1 0 0
Crizotinib TP53 mut (+): 44 25 11 7 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 0
HR, hazard ratio; mut, mutation; NR, not reached; PFS, progression-free survival.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by baseline TP53 mutation status (CROWN ctDNA analysis)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Lorlatinib TP53 mut (-) | 73 | NR | NR-NR
Lorlatinib TP53 mut (+) | 43 | 51.6 | 16.4-NR
Crizotinib TP53 mut (-) | 65 | 10.9 | 9.0-12.8
Crizotinib TP53 mut (+) | 44 | 7.2 | 5.6-9.3
Landmark rates:
7 years: Lorlatinib TP53 mut (-) 65.0% (CI 54.5-77.4) | Lorlatinib TP53 mut (+) 40.8% (CI 27.3-61.1) | Crizotinib TP53 mut (-) 2.3% (CI 0.3-15.7) | Crizotinib TP53 mut (+) 6.9% (CI 1.9-24.5)
Dr. Antonio Calles 🫁🚭@Tony_Calles
1) Trial design schema: IFCT-2103 DIAL study design: pembrolizumab continuation · 2) Slide: IFCT-2103 DIAL overall survival: 18- and 24-month OS, continuation vs de-escalation · 3) Trial design schema: IFCT-2103 DIAL adverse events after randomization by arm and grade · 4) Trial design schema: IFCT-2103 DIAL CONSORT flow chart: 197 included, 93 randomized
⏰ Less is better: 6 months chemo-immunotherapy compare to 2 years lead to similar survival and fewer side effects in patients with 1L stage IV, NSCLC, ICFT-2103 DIAL trial suggests. 🇫🇷 Congratulations for this academic effort !!
However, just informative or definitive evidence? What do you think! #ESMO26 #LCSM
[Slide 1]
Study design
Phase II non-comparative, randomized, open-labelled study
Phase III non-inferiority, randomized, open-labelled study
• Stage IV NSCLC
• Any PD-L1
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• 18 – 75 years
• W/o addictive mutation
• Chemo and ICI-naive
Phase II: N=220 (Phase III: N=1250)
Chemotherapy x 4* + Pembrolizumab 200mg Q3W
At 6 month Patients with PR/SD Randomization 1:1
Phase II: N=88 (Phase III: N=525)
Arm A Control: Continuation: Pembrolizumab (2 years max) + pemetrexed for non-SCC
Arm B De-escalation: Observation for SCC Or pemetrexed for non-SCC
Phase II: Primary endpoint: 18-month OS from inclusion
(Phase III: Primary endpoint: OS)
Secondary endpoints
• Safety
• Quality of life (EQ-5D-5L, EORTC QLQ-C30/QLQ-LC13)
• 6-month PFS from randomization
Stratification factors:
• PS (0 vs. 1)
• Histology (squamous cell carcinoma vs non squamous)
• PD-L1 (PD-L1 < 1% vs 49%≥PD-L1 ≥ 1% vs PD-L1>49%)
• Sex
• CR/PR vs ST at randomization (6 months)
* platinum-based doublet for at least 4 cycles, either paclitaxel-carboplatin for patient with SCC, or 4 cycles of pemetrexed + platinum salt followed by pemetrexed maintenance until randomization
ESMO 2026
[Slide 2]
Overall Survival
On the first 84 eligible randomized patients (42 per arm), ITT post-randomisation
Median follow-up of 27.9 months (95%CI: [25.0; 31.3]) for both arms
| Arm A - Continuation (n=42) | Arm B - De-escalation (n=42)
18-month OS from inclusion | 83.3% (95%CI [68.2-91.7]) | 88.1% (95%CI [73.7-94.9])
24-month OS from inclusion | 78.1% (95%CI [62.1-88.0]) | 77.2% (95%CI [60.6-87.5])
ESMO 2026
[Slide 3]
Adverse events after randomization
| Arm A - Continuation (n=45): Any grade N (%) | Grade 3 N (%) | Grade 4 N (%) | Grade 5 N (%) | Arm B - De-escalation (n=41): Any grade N (%) | Grade 3 N (%) | Grade 4 N (%) | Grade 5 N (%)
Any adverse event | 44 (97.8) | 17 (37.8) | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.2) | 41 (100.0) | 14 (34.1) | 3 (7.3) | 1 (2.4)
Treatment-related adverse event | 43 (95.6) | 14 (31.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 33 (80.5) | 9 (22.0) | 2 (4.9) | 0 (0)
Adverse event related to pembrolizumab | 39 (86.7) | 7 (15.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 21 (51.2) | 3 (7.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0)
ESMO 2026
[Slide 4]
Flow Chart
Included (N=197) From May 2022 to March 2024
Not treated (N=5) - Investigator's reason (n=5)
Treated (N=192)
Not randomized (N=99): Progression (n=68); Death (n=14); Toxicity (n=8); Patient's decision (n=3); Intercurrent event (n=2); Other (n=4)
Randomized (N=93, 47%)
A - Continuation (N=47) | B - De-escalation (N=46)
Not treated (N=2): Disease evolution (n=1); Toxicity (n=1) | Not treated (N=5): Disease evolution (n=5)
A – Continuation - treated (N=45) | B – De-escalation - treated (N=41)
Study withdrawn (N=39): Disease evolution (n=21, 53.8%); 2-year treatment (n=12, 30.8%); Toxicity (n=4, 10.2%); Second cancer (n=1, 2.6%); Death (n=1, 2.6%)
Study withdrawn (N=30): Disease evolution (n=28, 93.3%); Death (n=1, 3.3%); 2-year treatment (n=1, 3.3%)
Treatment ongoing (N=6) | Treatment ongoing (N=11)
Subsequent treatment (N=22, 56.4%) | Subsequent treatment (N=28, 93.3%)
randomized population; safety population
Prof Tom John@TommyJohn00
1) Biomarker data: Integrating longitudinal imaging with molecular profiling and ctDNA in TRACERx · 2) Response data: TRACERx/PEACE: metastatic volume does not always correlate with cancer-related · 3) Slide: Forest plot: affected organ site and hazard ratio for death in metastatic NSCLC · 4) Slide: Summary and conclusions: metastatic NSCLC heterogeneity by site (Liu)
Liu: more data from Jamal-Hanjani and @CharlesSwanton lab. Interesting results correlating imaging with molecular results. Imaging and molecular doesn’t always correlate, more ctDNA shedding with liver mets and some sites of Mets associated with worse survival #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/kHHltC4jDW
[Slide 1]
Integrating longitudinal imaging with molecular profiling and ctDNA to study metastatic growth in TRACERx and PEACE
Charles Swanton | Mariam Jamal-Ha[njani]
CANCER RESEARCH UK | TRACERx
Timeline: Baseline → Follow up → Recurrence → Radiotherapy → Progression → Chemotherapy → 2nd Progression → Immunotherapy → Death; ctDNA sampling
Surgery → #Days from Surgery
151 patients with relapse of disease
Longitudinal tissue sequencing and ctDNA
TRACERx 2014-2025: >1300 recruited patients; >800 eligible patients with early-stage NSCLC
PEACE 2014-2025: >420 pan-cancer patients recruited; >280 autopsies performed
Bailey et al. 2021., Hessey et al. 2[...]
[Slide 2]
Metastatic volume does not always correlate with cancer-related death
Multiple Metastases | Single Metastasis
Tumour Volume Before Death (mm³)
Lesion Type: Abdominal Lymph Node; Adrenal; Bone; Brain; Cardiac; Extrathoracic Soft Tissue; Intrathoracic Soft Tissue; Kidney; Liver; Lung; Mediastinal Lymph Node; Pleura; Regional Lymph Node; Spleen; Total Volume
88 patients with a documented "lung cancer-related" death
Median cumulative tumour volume of lesions per patient on the last scan before death = 52,473 mm³
[...]ng Kin Liu
[Slide 3]
Affected organ site if associated with worse survival
Hazard Ratio for Death (forest plot, point estimates printed):
Mediastinal Lymph Node | 2.5
Pleura | 2.5
Lung | 3.7
Brain | 2.7
Extrathoracic Soft Tissue | 2.8
Abdominal Lymph Node | 3.7
Adrenal | 3.7
Liver | 3.8
Bone | 4.6
151 patients, 706 metastases
[presenter footer: ...n Liu]
[Slide 4]
Summary and conclusions
1. Metastatic volume of disease does not always correlate with cancer-related death
2. Extrathoracic metastases are associated with treatment resistance, higher levels of chromosomal instability and worse outcomes
3. Fast growing metastases are enriched in proliferation and downregulation in immune evasion pathways
4. The anatomical location of metastases influences ctDNA detection
Metastatic NSCLC is a dynamic, heterogeneous disease in which lesion growth and treatment response vary by site and tumour biology, influencing patient outcomes
Liu
LBA74 - First-line (1L) trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients (pts) with HER2-mutant (HER2m) NSCLC: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from DESTINY-Lung04 (DL-04)
Speakers Silvia Novello (Orbassano, Italy)
Lecture Time 09:00 - 09:05
Abstract
Background
In DL-04, 1L T-DXd significantly improved PFS vs pembrolizumab (P) + chemotherapy (C) in pts with advanced/metastatic HER2m NSCLC. Safety was generally consistent with the known profiles of each drug. Here, we report PROs from DL-04, focusing on pulmonary symptoms and pt-reported tolerability while on treatment (Tx).
Methods
DL-04 (NCT05048797) is a global, open-label, phase 3 study of pts with Tx-naïve HER2m (exon 19/20) NSCLC randomized 1:1 to T-DXd 5.4 mg/kg or P 200 mg + C (cisplatin 75 mg/m2 or carboplatin AUC 5 + pemetrexed 500 mg/m2), all IV Q3W. Secondary PRO endpoints were time to deterioration (TTD) in pulmonary symptoms while on Tx (cough, dyspnea, chest pain) via NSCLC-SAQ and pt-reported tolerability on Tx (including physical function [PF] via EORTC QLQ-C30 PF subscale, overall side-effect bother via Patient Global Impression of Treatment Tolerability [PGI-TT], and symptomatic AEs via EORTC and PRO-CTCAE item libraries). High side-effect bother (score of 4 or 5 via PGI-TT, first 12 weeks only) was exploratory.
Results
As of June 9, 2026, 454 pts were randomized. Median (range) Tx duration was 12.3 (0.7–44.8) months [mo] with T-DXd vs 7.1 (0.7–49.1) mo with P+C. T-DXd vs P+C delayed median (95% CI) TTD in cough (26.2 [17.1, NC] vs 11.0 [7.4, NC] mo; HR [95% CI] 0.66 [0.44, 0.99]), with favorable trends in dyspnea (10.1 [6.5, NC] vs 5.1 [3.2, 11.0] mo; HR 0.77 [0.54, 1.09]) and chest pain (NC [11.5, NC] vs 14.3 [8.3, NC] mo; HR 0.80 [0.54, 1.18]). The proportion of pts with maintained/improved PF was similar across arms until Week 18 and generally higher with T-DXd from Week 20, including at end of Tx (EOT, 66.7% T-DXd vs 57.7% P+C). Overall side-effect bother was similar across arms for most timepoints. The proportion of pt-weeks with high side-effect bother was 13.4% in each arm. Symptomatic AEs will be reported at the congress.
Conclusions
TTD in pt-reported pulmonary symptoms favored T-DXd vs P+C. Tx tolerability (PF and overall/high side-effect bother) was generally comparable between arms, with PF generally higher with T-DXd from Week 20 and at EOT. These results, alongside efficacy and safety data from the primary analysis, support T-DXd as a new 1L Tx option for HER2m NSCLC.
Abdulaziz AlJassim@DrZ_84
Slide: Long-term real-world lorlatinib outcomes in ALK-positive NSCLC, Kuwait Cancer Control Center
Proud to share our long-term real-world experience with lorlatinib in ALK+ NSCLC from Kuwait Cancer Control Center at #ESMO2026
Single-Center Retrospective cohort (N=26):
ORR: 83%
DCR: 96%
Longest ongoing exposure: >85 months
#LCSM #ALK https://t.co/tEOZEs4r35
Long-term real-world outcomes with lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC: a Kuwait Cancer Control Center experience
Abdulaziz AlJassim1, Fahad G. Alenizi1, Talal O. Alsalih1, Ahmed M. Elsheashaey2, Mariam Al Mutairi2, Amir A. Ahmed3, Muath A. Alnassar1
1Medical Oncology Department, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait; 2Department of Pharmacy, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait; 3Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait.
Ministry of Health, State of Kuwait | MADRID 2026 ESMO congress | 2811eP
INTRODUCTION
• Lorlatinib, a third-generation ALK/ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated substantial systemic and intracranial efficacy and durable clinical benefit in ALK-positive NSCLC, including in the phase III CROWN study.1
• Real-world evidence describing long-term lorlatinib outcomes in patients from the Arabian Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries remains limited.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate real-world systemic efficacy, treatment durability, intracranial activity and survival status among patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC treated with lorlatinib at Kuwait Cancer Control Center.
METHODS
• Retrospective single-centre review of consecutive patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC treated with lorlatinib at Kuwait Cancer Control Center between 2016 and 2026.
• ALK positivity was confirmed by next-generation sequencing (NGS), fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), or immunohistochemistry (IHC) according to diagnostic era.
• Outcomes included objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) per RECIST 1.1, treatment duration, intracranial activity, survival status and adverse events.
• Ongoing patients were censored at data cut-off (07 May 2026).
RESULTS
1 Patient characteristics (N = 26)
Characteristic | n (%)
Median age, years (range) | 47 (18–79)
Female | 17 (65%)
Never-smokers | 21 (81%)
Brain metastases at diagnosis | 11 (42%)
Treatment line with lorlatinib
First-line | 10 (38%)
Second-line | 12 (46%)
Third-line | 4 (15%)
ALK fusion variants (characterised in 14/26, 54%)
EML4–ALK V1 | 7 (50%)
EML4–ALK V3 | 6 (43%)
EML4–ALK V2 | 1 (7%)
2 Systemic efficacy and treatment durability
Lorlatinib demonstrated high response rates and durable disease control in routine clinical practice.
83% Objective response rate (ORR) (19/23) response-evaluable patients
96% Disease control rate (DCR) (22/23) response-evaluable patients
62% Patients remaining on treatment (16/26) at data cut-off
Exceptional long-term treatment benefit
>85 Longest ongoing exposure, months
3 Patients with ongoing treatment >60 months
17/26 (65%) Alive at data cut-off
3 Intracranial activity
Intracranial disease control was documented in evaluable patients with baseline brain metastases.
11/26 (42%) had brain metastases at diagnosis
Intracranial disease control was achieved in all evaluable patients with baseline brain metastases.
Dose reduction occurred in 14 patients, most commonly due to dyslipidaemia, neuropsychiatric toxicity, oedema, or weight gain.2
CONCLUSIONS
01 Lorlatinib demonstrated robust systemic activity in this real-world Kuwaiti cohort, consistent with expected efficacy.
02 Durable disease control was observed across treatment lines, with a substantial proportion of patients remaining on treatment and exceptional long-term benefit in selected patients.
03 Meaningful intracranial disease control was documented in evaluable patients with baseline brain metastases.
04 These findings contribute regional real-world evidence supporting the effectiveness of lorlatinib in routine clinical practice.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: BiTE/TCE vs CAR-T: two ways to redirect T cells to DLL3 in SCLC · 2) Slide: Other DLL3 T-cell engagers in clinical development in SCLC comparison table (Ahn, ESMO 2026) · 3) Slide: Clinical development of CAR-T cells in SCLC table (Ahn, ESMO 2026) · 4) Slide: TCE vs CAR-T cell therapy in SCLC: competition vs complementary (Ahn, ESMO 2026)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Special Symposium
🔥SCLC: Can we finally tackle it?
🎯When and how to BiTE SCLC and CAR-T?
🎙️ Prof. Myung-Ju Ahn
🔗 https://t.co/H433f9ikyQ
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC https://t.co/7gxqn3tdoB
[Slide 1]
Two Ways to Redirect T cells to DLL3
BiTE/T cell Engager
[Diagram: Neutrophil, Macrophage, Lymphocyte, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TCE, TCR, TAA, CD3, T cell proliferation, T cell, Granzymes and perforins, Tumor cell, Tumor cell death]
| BiTE/TCE
Recognition | DLL3 × CD3
Product | Off-the-shelf
T-cell source | Endogenous
Activation | Drug-dependent
Persistence | Requires repeated dosing
Logistics | Relatively simple
Current SCLC status | Established therapy
Recognition | DLL3 × CD3
CAR-T Cell
[Diagram: CAR-T cell, SCLC cell, Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR): Antigen-recognition domain, Hinge domain, Transmembrane domain, Co-stimulatory domain (CD28 or 4-1BB), Activation domain (CD3ζ); Target antigen; Tumor cell lysis]
| CAR-T
Recognition | CAR recognizes DLL3
Product | Personalized cellular therapy
T-cell source | Engineered/autologous
Activation | Living/expanding therapy
Persistence | Potential long persistence
Logistics | Apheresis → manufacturing → lymphodepletion
Current SCLC status | Investigational
Recognition | CAR recognizes DLL3
[Slide 2]
Other TCEs in Clinical Development in SCLC
Agent | Tarlatamab | Obrixtamig (BI 764532) | MK-6070 (HPN328) | Alvetamig (ZG009)
Structure | Half-life extended BiTE | Bispecific antibody | Trispecific Ab | Biparatopic Ab
[Structure diagrams: Tarlatamab: Anti-CD3, Anti-DLL3, Fc domain (to extend half-life); Obrixtamig: Anti-DLL3, Anti-CD3, Engineered Fc domain; MK-6070: Anti-CD3ε, Anti-albumin (to extend half-life), Anti-DLL3; Alvetamig: Anti-DLL3, Anti-DLL3, Anti-CD3, Effector-less Fc (HLE)]
ORR | 40% | 25% | 31% | 60%
DOR | 9.7m | 8.5m | NA | NA
OS | 15.2m | NA | NA | NA
CRS (any) | 51% | 59% | 59% | 42%
CRS ≥G3 | <1% | 2% | 3% | 0%
ICANS (any) | 8% | NR | 7% | 0%
ICANS ≥G3 | 0% | NR | 0% | 0%
[Slide 3]
Clinical Development of CAR-T cell in SCLC
Target | CAR Construct (Co-stimulation) | Phase | Study (Sponsor) | Key Findings
DLL3 | scFv – 4-1BB / CD3ζ | Phase I | NCT03090659 (Bellicum) | ORR ~23% Manageable CRS/NT
DLL3 | scFv – CD28 / CD3ζ | Phase I | NCT04149947 (Adaptimmune) | ORR ~40% Durable responses
B7-H3 | scFv – 4-1BB / CD3ζ | Phase I | NCT05706238 (Iovance) | Early data : responses observed
CDH6 | scFv – 4-1BB / CD3ζ | Phase I | NCT05380999 (Carisma) | Early data : responses observed
NKG2D ligands (MICA/B) | scFv – 4-1BB / CD3ζ | Phase I | NCT-4472624 (Bellicum) | Disease control in some patients
[Slide 4]
TCE vs CAR-T cell Therapy in SCLC: Competition vs Complementary?
• BiTE and CAR-T should not necessarily be viewed as competitors but rather complementary T cell re-directing platforms
• BiTE is ready for practice vs CAR-T therapy is ready for clinical testing
• Rather how can we use different T cell re-directing platforms at the right time for the right patient and in the right sequence
| BiTE/TCE | CAR-T
Availability | Immediate | Manufacturing required
Rapidly progressive SCLC | Advantage | Major challenge
Repeat dosing | Required | Usually one infusion
T cell engineering | No | Yes
Expansion/persistence | Limited | Potential advantage
TME resistance | Limited | Potential advantage
Scalability | High | Low
Current Evidence | Phase III/Approved | Phase I
Oriol Mirallas MD@DrMirallas
1) Slide: Jänne discussant — First line metastatic HER2 mutant NSCLC: zongertinib vs sevabertinib · 2) Slide: Jänne discussant — Zongertinib: what patients actually reported (Beamion LUNG-1 1L PROs) · 3) Slide: Jänne discussant — Mechanisms of acquired resistance to kinase inhibitors in lung cancer · 4) Biomarker data: Jänne discussant — CROWN: baseline biomarkers and early ctDNA clearance
#ESMO26
Rapid #NSCLC oral presentations
Great discussions by @LeXiuning on #EGFR 1L NSCLC based on #ctDNA results and Dr. Janne on #HER2 1L Zongertinib vs Sevabertinib vs T-DXd and mutation profile in #ALK fusion NSCLC #lorlatinib
@OncoAlert @myESMO @ASCO @_SEOM @brunolarvol
👇🏽👇🏽
[Slide 1]
Session banner: 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic | CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Speaker card: Pasi A. Jänne — Invited Discussant LBA74 and 2636RO
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
First line metastatic HER2 mutant NSCLC
Two oral TKIse now have US first-line indications; T-DXd has randomized first-line evidence.
ZONGERTINIB: Oral HER2 TKI | First-line activity | Direct PRO data
SEVABERTINIB: Oral HER2 TKI | First-line activity | Toxicity over time
T-DXd: HER2-directed ADC | Randomized PFS benefit | PRO abstract to discuss
The choice now requires efficacy, patient experience, safety, and a sequencing plan.
FDA: zongertinib, 26 February 2026; sevabertinib, 9 September 2026. DESTINY-Lung04: WCLC 2026, PL03.08.
[Slide 2]
Session banner: 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic | CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Speaker card: Pasi A. Jänne — Invited Discussant LBA74 and 2636RO
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Zongertinib: what patients actually reported
Beamion LUNG-1 • First-line PROs (n=71) • FDA 1L approval: 26 February 2026
Figure 7. Baseline summary and responder analysis of EORTC QLQ-C30 physical functioning (n = 71)
[Baseline box plot; Post-baseline stacked bars by visit C1D8, C1D15, C2D1 (Day 22), C3D1 (Day 43), C5D1 (Day 85), C7D1 (Day 127), C9D1 (Day 169)]
Responder %: 63.4% | 63.4% | 62.0% | 64.8% | 70.4% | 60.6% | 53.5%
Deteriorated %: 14.1% | 18.3% | 22.5% | 19.7% | 11.3% | 11.3% | 7.0%
Stable %: 4.2% | 4.2% | 1.4% | – | 2.8% | 1.4% | 2.8%
No PRO Data %: 18.3% | 14.1% | 14.1% | 15.5% | 15.5% | 26.8% | 36.6%
Responder status: Responder | Stable | Deteriorated | No PRO Data
Figure 3. Extent troubled with side effects of treatment (n = 71)
[Alluvial stacked bars Baseline to C9D1; Response: Not at All | A Little | Quite a Bit | Very Much | No PRO Data — small values illegible]
Response includes improvement OR maintained favorable baseline; grey = missing PRO data.
Maintained function and low side-effect impact; single-arm evidence.
Sabari et al. ASCO 2026, 8616: supp[obscured]
[Phone overlay: esmocongress.esmo.org – To exit full screen, drag from the top and touch the back button]
[Slide 3]
Session banner: 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic | CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Speaker card: Pasi A. Jänne — Invited Discussant LBA74 and 2636RO
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer
Mutations in the drug target — Impact drug binding
Bypass Signaling — Oncogene Amplification; Oncogene Rearrangement
Mutations in Downstream Effectors — PI3K → AKT; RAS → RAF → MEK → ERK; [Cell Cycle diagram]
State Transformation — Small Cell Lung cancer; Squamous Cell lung cancer [histology image]
Cohen at al. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017
[Slide 4]
Session banner: 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic | CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Speaker card: Pasi A. Jänne — Invited Discussant LBA74 and 2636RO
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
CROWN: baseline biomarkers and early ctDNA clearance
EML4::ALK variant
[KM plot, Probability of PFS vs Months 0–96]
Variant 3 vs 1/2: HR 1.09 (95% CI 0.463–2.579)
Teal: lorlatinib. Pink: crizotinib. Dashed: variants 1/2.;Solid: variant 3
TP53 status
[KM plot, Probability of PFS vs Months 0–96]
Mutation− vs mutation+: HR 0.48 (95% CI 0.268–0.857)
Teal: lorlatinib. Pink: crizotinib. Dashed: TP53 mutation−.
Baseline shedding (methylation-based TF)
[KM plot with inset table: ND n=18 / D n=100; PFS, months, median (95% CI); HR (95% CI), ND vs D — inset values small]
Undetected vs detected: HR 0.17 (95% CI 0.04–0.69)
Teal: undetected. Pink: detected.
Week 4 ctDNA clearance (TF)
[KM plot, p = 0.013; inset legend small/illegible]
Cleared vs persistent: HR 0.48 (95% CI 0.26–0.86)
Teal: cleared. Pink: persistent.
Lorlatinib-arm PFS comparisons. Solomon et al. ESMO 2026, 2636RO. TF, tumor fraction.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (lorlatinib arm biomarker comparisons)
HR: 0.48
HR CI: 0.268–0.857
Tom Newsom-Davis@tnewsomdavis
Slide: Photo of a printed conference poster (presenter standing beside it)
🥇 Delighted to award #ESMO26 ‘best metastatic NSCLC poster’ to Dr Sara Torresan and colleagues 🥇
✅ impressive, international, multicentre project
👉 Histological transformation (HT) in NSCLC
🔹 136pts: most AGA+ (mainly EGFR)
🔹 70% HT ➡️ SCLC. 13% SqCC
🔹 98pts had NGS before and after HT: nearly all retained original AGA
🔹 Median time from diagnosis to HT = 23m
🔹Median OS from HT = 9.5m
🤔 Great collaborative effort
🤔 Neglected area: Kudos for looking at this 👊
🤔 work underway to identify biomarkers that might predict future HT
Exceptional range & quality of posters this year. Expert co-judge @PrelajArsela
🙏
#LCSM
2667P
Histologic transformation as an emerging resistance mechanism in NSCLC: insights from a multicenter clinicopathological and molecular study
Sara Torresan, Laura Masfarré, Clara Salvá, ...
BEST POSTER
NSCLC, METASTATIC
Table 1. Patients' characteristics. Characteristics N=137 %
Race: Asian 4 2.9; Black 3 2.2; White 93 67.9; Not reported 37 27
CNS metastasis: At diagnosis 43 31.2; At HT 54 39.4
BoR after HT (n=122): CR 5 4.1; PR 38 31.1; SD 32 26.2; PD 31 25.4; NA 16 13.1
Figure 1. Genomic landscape of the cohort. Oncoplot showing recurrent and clinically relevant somatic mutations for each patient. Columns represent individual patients and rows represent genes.
Figure 2. Transformation histologies frequencies
A: Median OS: 36.6 months
B: Median OS: 8.8 months
Figure 3. Overall survival of patients with histologic transformation. Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival (A) from initial diagnosis and (B) from the date of histologic transformation. Numbers at risk are shown below each plot.
Figure 4. Clinical course of patients with histologic transformation (HT) and rare or no actionable genomic alterations. Swimmer plot showing the timeline of each patient from initial diagnosis. Each bar represents one patient. Markers indicate key timepoints
Among pts with available matched data (before and after HT, 98 patients), all retained their original driver mutations except for 4 (2 EGFR, 2 RET) (Figure 1).
After HT, 11.7% of patients received TT, while 75.9% received chemotherapy, alone (39.4%), combined with TT (17.5%), or with IT (19%).
Median time from diagnosis to HT was 23.7 months. Median overall survival (mOS) from initial diagnosis was 31.7 months while mOS after HT was 9.5 months (Figure 3).
Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, our study represents the largest reported cohort of HT, extending beyond EGFR-mutated NSCLC and SCLC transformations. HT remains an underrecognized clinical entity that may occur more frequently than previously assumed and demands timely recognition and tailored therapeutic strategies. Ongoing molecular analyses aim to identify potential biomarkers of HT.
Disclosure statement: S. Torresan has no DOI.
Corresponding author: pedrorocha@vhio.net
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: FLAURA2 study design with plasma EGFRm ctDNA sampling · 2) Slide: FLAURA2 plasma EGFRm clearance rates by arm at Weeks 1/2/3/6 (Planchard) · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2 PFS by Week 1 and 2 plasma EGFRm clearance status · 4) Slide: FLAURA2 OS HR by plasma EGFRm clearance status at Weeks 1/2/3/6 — forest plot (Planchard)
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral I: #LCSM Mets
🔥FLAURA2: Analysis of On-Treatment Plasma EGFRm Dynamics and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Patients (Pts) With EGFRm Advanced NSCLC Treated With First-Line (1L) Osimertinib (Osi) ± Platinum–Pemetrexed (Plat–Pem)
🎙️ @dplanchard
🔢2719RO
🎯EGFRm Clearance Prognostic but Not Predictive
🎯Osi+Plat–Pem Benefit Over Osi Alone Consistent Regardless of Clearance Status at Wk 1, 2, 3, 6; Clearance Rates Comparable Between Arms
☑️NCT04035486
🔗 https://t.co/E2MIRGnkpb
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
@EGFRResisters
[Slide 1]
FLAURA2 study design¹
Scan QR code to view slides and supplementary material [QR code]
Patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC (N=557)
Key inclusion criteria:
• Aged ≥18 years (Japan: ≥20 years)
• Pathologically confirmed non-squamous NSCLC
• Ex19del / L858R (local / central test)
• WHO PS 0 / 1
• No prior systemic therapy for advanced NSCLC
• Stable CNS metastases were allowed
• Brain scan at baseline (MRI / CT; mandatory)
R 1:1*
Osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m² + carboplatin AUC5 or cisplatin 75 mg/m² (Q3W for 4 cycles of plat-based Tx) → Maintenance osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m² (Q3W)†
Osi 80 mg (QD)†
• Primary endpoint: PFS (by investigator) per RECIST 1.1
• Key secondary endpoint: OS
• Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS) and 12 June 2025 (OS)
Exploratory endpoint: Correlation of plasma EGFRm clearance at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 with PFS and OS to understand if monitoring ctDNA dynamics at earlier timepoints can be used to predict outcomes
Plasma sample collection: Baseline, Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 6
Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 plasma samples‡ from both treatment arms analysed by ddPCR (Biodesix)
FLAURA2 (NCT04035486) is a global, open-label, Phase III study. We acknowledge the potential presence of immortal time bias of analysing PFS and OS (measured from randomisation) by post-baseline subgroup as patients would need to remain progression-free or alive until Week 1, 2, 3 and 6 to be assessed in that subgroup.
1. Planchard D, et al. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1935–1948.
*Patients were stratified by race (Asian Chinese / Asian non-Chinese / non-Asian), EGFRm test (local / central) and WHO PS (0 / 1). †Treatment continued until disease progression or another discontinuation criterion was met; treatment beyond progression was permitted if the investigator judged the patient had continued clinical benefit.
‡Plasma samples were collected at baseline (C1D1), weekly for Cycle 1 (C1DX), every 3 weeks (CXD1) until Cycle 7, Day 1 (C7D1), every 6 weeks until Cycle 17, every 12 weeks until disease progression, treatment discontinuation or primary PFS analysis. Post-primary PFS, further samples were collected at progression/discontinuation only.
AUC, area under the curve; CNS, central nervous system; CT, computed tomography; ctDNA, circulating tumour DNA; ddPCR, droplet digital polymerase chain reaction; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; Ex19del, exon 19 deletion; MRI, magnetic resonance imagery; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; plat, platinum; Q3W, every 3 weeks; QD, once daily; R, randomised; RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; Tx, treatment; WHO PS, World Health Organization performance status.
David Planchard, MD, PhD
[Slide 2]
In patients with baseline-detected plasma EGFRm, rate of EGFRm clearance was similar between treatment arms at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6
• 421 / 557 (76%) patients enrolled in FLAURA2 had an evaluable baseline plasma EGFRm ddPCR result (ctDNA analysis set)1
• Of those patients included in the ctDNA analysis set, plasma EGFRm at baseline was detected in 147 / 212 (69%) patients in the osi + plat–pem arm and 161 / 209 (77%) patients in the osi mono arm1
[Stacked bar chart, Proportion of patients (%); top = Non-detected plasma EGFRm (clearance), bottom = Detected plasma EGFRm]
Week 1: Osi + plat–pem n=104: Non-detected 38% (95% CI 29, 47); Detected 62% (95% CI 53, 71) | Osi mono n=131: Non-detected 42% (95% CI 34, 51); Detected 58% (95% CI 49, 66)
Week 2: Osi + plat–pem n=113: Non-detected 64% (95% CI 55, 72); Detected 36% (95% CI 28, 45) | Osi mono n=133: Non-detected 64% (95% CI 55, 72); Detected 36% (95% CI 28, 45)
Week 3: Osi + plat–pem n=109: Non-detected 81% (95% CI 72, 88); Detected 19% (95% CI 12, 28) | Osi mono n=140: Non-detected 71% (95% CI 63, 79); Detected 29% (95% CI 21, 37)
Week 6: Osi + plat–pem n=105: Non-detected 88% (95% CI 80, 93); Detected 12% (95% CI 7, 20) | Osi mono n=137: Non-detected 89% (95% CI 83, 94); Detected 11% (95% CI 6, 17)
Legend: Osi + plat–pem: Detected plasma EGFRm / Non-detected plasma EGFRm; Osi mono: Detected plasma EGFRm / Non-detected plasma EGFRm
Patients were eligible for clearance analysis if they had baseline-detected plasma EGFRm and a valid plasma EGFRm result for the analysis week shown (Week 1, 2, 3, or 6). Clearance was defined as undetected plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline.
1. Jänne PA, et al. Cancer Res 2024;84(Suppl. 7): Abstract CT107.
CI, confidence interval; ctDNA, circulating tumour DNA; ddPCR, droplet digital polymerase chain reaction; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; Ex19del, exon 19 deletion; mono, monotherapy; osi, osimertinib; pem, pemetrexed; plat, platinum.
David Planchard, MD, PhD
[Slide 3]
PFS improved with osi + plat–pem versus osi mono irrespective of Week 1 and 2 plasma EGFRm clearance status
[Four KM panels: Probability of PFS vs Time from randomisation (months)]
Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 — No. at risk (0,6,12,18,24,30,36): Osi + plat–pem 39, 32, 26, 21, 13, 4, 0; Osi mono 55, 46, 37, 22, 14, 7, 0
No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 — No. at risk: Osi + plat–pem 65, 55, 49, 38, 15, 8, 0; Osi mono 76, 57, 42, 22, 11, 4, 0
Week 1 table — mPFS (95% CI), months: Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat–pem: NR (18.3, NR) | 24.8 (16.8, 30.6)
Osi mono: 16.6 (13.6, 21.0) | 13.6 (11.1, 16.4)
HR (95% CI): 0.58 (0.33, 1.02) | 0.53 (0.35, 0.80)
Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2 — No. at risk: Osi + plat–pem 72, 63, 55, 42, 21, 6, 0; Osi mono 85, 74, 56, 31, 19, 9, 0
No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2 — No. at risk: Osi + plat–pem 41, 35, 27, 22, 10, 6, 0; Osi mono 48, 30, 26, 14, 7, 4, 0
Week 2 table — mPFS (95% CI), months: Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat–pem: 27.6 (19.7, NR) | 22.1 (11.8, 30.6)
Osi mono: 13.9 (13.6, 19.4) | 13.8 (5.9, 16.8)
HR (95% CI): 0.53 (0.35, 0.81) | 0.57 (0.34, 0.96)
Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS).
HRs were calculated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. Clearance was defined as undetected plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline.
CI, confidence interval; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; Ex19del, Exon 19 deletion; HR, hazard ratio; m, median; mono, monotherapy; NR, not reached; osi, osimertinib; pem, pemetrexed; PFS, progression-free survival; plat, platinum.
David Planchard, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by Week 1 and Week 2 plasma EGFRm clearance status (FLAURA2, DCO 03 April 2023)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Wk1 clearance: Osi + plat–pem | 39 | NR | 18.3, NR
Wk1 clearance: Osi mono | 55 | 16.6 | 13.6, 21.0
Wk1 no clearance: Osi + plat–pem | 65 | 24.8 | 16.8, 30.6
Wk1 no clearance: Osi mono | 76 | 13.6 | 11.1, 16.4
Wk2 clearance: Osi + plat–pem | 72 | 27.6 | 19.7, NR
Wk2 clearance: Osi mono | 85 | 13.9 | 13.6, 19.4
Wk2 no clearance: Osi + plat–pem | 41 | 22.1 | 11.8, 30.6
Wk2 no clearance: Osi mono | 48 | 13.8 | 5.9, 16.8
[Slide 4]
OS improved with osi + plat–pem versus osi mono irrespective of plasma EGFRm clearance status
[Forest plot] n (Osi + plat–pem / Osi mono) | OS HR (95% CI)
Week 1 cleared: 39 / 55 | 0.79 (0.45, 1.37)
Week 1 not cleared: 65 / 76 | 0.69 (0.47, 1.02)
Week 2 cleared: 72 / 85 | 0.69 (0.46, 1.03)
Week 2 not cleared: 41 / 48 | 0.78 (0.48, 1.26)
Week 3 cleared: 88 / 100 | 0.84 (0.58, 1.21)
Week 3 not cleared: 21 / 40 | 0.65 (0.36, 1.20)
Week 6 cleared: 92 / 122 | 0.73 (0.52, 1.04)
Week 6 not cleared: 13 / 15 | 0.50 (0.22, 1.13)
Axis: 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2 — Favours osi + plat–pem / Favours osi mono
Data cut-off: 12 June 2025 (OS).
HRs were calculated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. Clearance was defined as undetected plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline.
CI, confidence interval; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; Ex19del, exon 19 deletion; HR, hazard ratio; mono, monotherapy; OS, overall survival; osi, osimertinib; pem, pemetrexed; plat, platinum.
David Planchard, MD, PhD
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: Common aspects of SCLC background slide (Rudin, ESMO 2026 LCSM special symposium) · 2) Slide: SCLC molecular subsets as admixed cell states (Rudin, ESMO 2026 LCSM special symposium) · 3) Slide: Paths to SCLC in the never-smoker summary (Rudin, ESMO 2026 LCSM special symposium) · 4) Slide: SCLC state diversity summary slide (Rudin, ESMO 2026 LCSM Special Symposium)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Special Symposium
🔥SCLC: Can we finally tackle it?
🎯Emerging targets for SCLC: Are molecular classification and treatment selection going to help? (Incl. neversmorkers)
🎙️ @charlesrudin
🔗 https://t.co/H433f9ikyQ
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO https://t.co/IwEOv3EaUg
[Slide 1]
Common aspects of SCLC
Associated with heavy tobacco exposure
Centrally located primary tumor
High-grade neuroendocrine features
Strong metastatic predilection
2/3 of cases metastatic at diagnosis
Exceptionally proliferative
Ki67 typically 80-100%
Necrotic cores
Lethal
[Figure: CD56 and ASCL1 IHC panels (50 µm); body diagram: Brain, Lymph nodes, Primary tumour, Liver, Bone, Lung, Adrenal glands, Blood vessel, RBC, Circulating tumour cells]
Rudin et al., Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021
[Slide 2]
What we call subsets might be better described as admixed cell states
NE-high, 80% SCLC
ASCL1 "Classic" • DLL3 • SYP • CHGA
NEUROD1 "Variant" • MYC
POU2F3 • Tuft cell origin
Triple negative • YAP • Inflamed
NE-low, 20% SCLC
HighNE → LowNE • NOTCH • REST
[Slide 3]
Summary: paths to SCLC in the never-smoker
RB1+/TP53+ ("atypical") SCLC
Progenitors related to carcinoids
Chromothripsis → TSG deletions | Rearrangements
Oncogene amplifications: MDM2; CCND1, CDK4
• p53/pRb functional co-inactivation via MDM2, CDK4, and CCND1 amplifications
• Molecular alterations of carcinoid tumors
• ASCL1-high
Two pathogenetic pathways for nsSCLC
p53 inactivation
pRb inactivation
Cell-cycle dysregulation
Small cell phenotype
RB1− /TP53− SCLC
Progenitors related to NSCLC
APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis
TP53 mutation
RB1 mutation
• TP53/RB1 genomic co-inactivation
• Molecular alterations of NSCLC, e.g. EGFR driver mutations
• APOBEC mutational signature
• Enriched in YAP1-high
Rekhtman et al., Cancer Discov 2025
[Slide 4]
Summary: SCLC state diversity
Distinct cell states of SCLC tumors can be defined by key developmental transcription factors
Neuroendocrine high: ASCL1, NEUROD1
Neuroendocrine low: POU2F3, YAP1/Inflamed
These states may have differential vulnerabilities – but not yet clearly clinically demonstrated
Constraining plasticity might be key to get such targeted therapies to work
There is a cohort of SCLC patients, small but real, who have durable benefit from ICB
Absence of antigen presentation is implicated as a primary contributor to ICB failure in SCLC
Epigenetic targeting (LSD1, EZH2) might reverse this
MHC-independent T cell engagement can bypass this
SCLC can occur in never-smokers
Lineage plasticity with histologic transformation from LUAD
Chromothripsis with extrachromosomal oncogene amplification from carcinoid
Sharela Vega, MD@ShareVega
1) Slide: Presenter Kreina Vega-Cano with ESMO 2026 poster 3182P on chemotherapy sequencing in advanced · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: poster 3182P - real-world outcomes by chemotherapy sequencing
Our poster today at #ESMO26: chemotherapy sequencing in advanced #PDAC (3182P)
👉366 pts receiving 5FU- and GEM-based regimens
👉No significant PFS/OS differences by sequence
How will RAS-targeted therapies reshape treatment sequencing?
@myESMO @VHIO @vallhebron https://t.co/VLqbFkJwjz
[Slide 1]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
3182P
REAL-WORLD OUTCOMES ACCORDING TO CHEMOTHERAPY SEQUENCING IN ADVANCED PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA
Key Survival Outcomes
PFS-1L from start of 1L to PD or death 7.7 vs 6.7 months (5FU-based vs GEM-based) HR 1.13 (95% CI 0.91 – 1.4) p=0.28
PFS-2L from start of 2L to PD or death 4.0 vs 4.1 months (5FU-based vs GEM-based) HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.79 – 1.23) p=0.91
PFS-2 from start of 1L to PD on 2L or death 13.3 vs 12.2 months (5FU→GEM vs GEM→5FU) HR 0.98 (95% CI 0.79 – 1.22) p=0.87
OS from start of 1L to death 17.4 vs 15.3 months (5FU→GEM vs GEM→5FU) HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.76 – 1.18) p=0.63
CONCLUSIONS
No significant differences in PFS or OS were observed between 5FU→GEM and GEM→5FU sequencing among patients who received at least two lines of chemotherapy.
[Slide 2]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
3182P
REAL-WORLD OUTCOMES ACCORDING TO CHEMOTHERAPY SEQUENCING IN ADVANCED PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA
Kreina Sharela Vega-Cano1, Natalia Soledad Tissera1, Florian Castet2,3, Victor Navarro4, Jose Maria Ucha1, Gloria Castillo5, Marcos Daniel Bortz6, Aina de Torner1, Eduardo Terán1, Daniel Acosta1, Jorge Hernando1, Sergio Perez-Fernandez1, Alejandro Garcia-Alvarez1, Alexandre Sierra1, Sandra Martinez-Badal5, Susana Aguilar7, Elizabeth Pando8, Tian Tian1, Teresa Macarulla2,3, Jaume Capdevila1
Vall d'Hebron Instituto de Oncología
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE
5FU- and gemcitabine-based regimens are the main chemotherapy backbones for advanced PDAC. Both are frequently used sequentially, but the impact of treatment order on outcomes remains unclear.
We compared clinical outcomes between 5FU→GEM and GEM→5FU sequences in pts with advanced PDAC receiving ≥2 systemic treatment lines.
METHODS
Retrospective single-center study conducted at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital.
Chemotherapy backbones were classified as:
5FU-based: FOLFIRINOX, NALIRIFOX, nal-IRI/5FU, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI
GEM-based: gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, gemcitabine/cisplatin, GEMOX, gemcitabine monotherapy.
Endpoints: PFS1L, PFS2L, PFS2, and OS. PFS2 was defined from 1L initiation to progression during 2L or death.
PATIENT FLOW
Figure 1. Patient selection and chemotherapy sequencing groups
819 advanced PDAC records screened (2012-2025)
446 excluded for ≥ 1 of the following: < 2 systemic treatment lines in the advanced setting. No exposure to both 5FU- and GEM-based ChT backbones. Germline BRCA1/2 or PALB2 pathogenic variant. Insufficient clinical or treatment data
373 patients met eligibility criteria
7 excluded: no 1L-2L cross-backbone sequence
366 patients included in the sequencing analysis
5FU-Based ChT → GEM-based ChT n = 156 (43%) 1L: 5FU-based ChT 2L: GEM-based ChT
GEM-Based ChT → 5FU-Based ChT n = 210 (57%) 1L: GEM-based ChT 2L: 5FU-based ChT
RESULTS
Figure 2. Progression-free survival 2 by chemotherapy sequence
5FU-based ChT → GEM-based ChT (n=152)
GEM-based ChT → 5FU-based ChT (n=198)
Median PFS2 (months) 13.3 vs 12.2 HR 0.98 (95% CI 0.79–1.22) p = 0.863
No. at risk 5FU-based ChT → GEM-based ChT 152 138 83 39 19
GEM-based ChT → 5FU-based ChT 198 173 99 52 25
Figure 3. Overall survival by chemotherapy sequence
5FU-based ChT → GEM-based ChT (n=154)
GEM-based ChT → 5FU-based ChT (n=209)
Median OS (months) 17.45 vs 15.31 HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.76–1.18) p = 0.630
No. at risk 5FU-based ChT → GEM-based ChT 154 149 112 69 42 21 10 6
GEM-based ChT → 5FU-based ChT 209 199 137 82 49 31 14 7
Key Survival Outcomes
PFS-1L from start of 1L to PD or death 7.7 vs 6.7 months (5FU-based vs GEM-based) HR 1.13 (95% CI 0.91 – 1.4) p=0.28
PFS-2L from start of 2L to PD or death 4.0 vs 4.1 months (5FU-based vs GEM-based) HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.79 – 1.23) p=0.91
PFS-2 from start of 1L to PD on 2L or death 13.3 vs 12.2 months (5FU→GEM vs GEM→5FU) HR 0.98 (95% CI 0.79 – 1.22) p=0.87
OS from start of 1L to death 17.4 vs 15.3 months (5FU→GEM vs GEM→5FU) HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.76 – 1.18) p=0.63
Figure 4. Genomic alterations by treatment sequence
KRAS 81.7% vs 89.0% p=0.086; TP53 66.1% vs 68.9% p=0.628; SMAD4 17.9% vs 14.7% p=0.472; CDKN2A 16.1% vs 16.7% p=0.905
Figure 5. KRAS mutation subtype distribution (5FU→GEM vs GEM→5FU) Global p = 0.193
G12D 52.4% vs 40.1%; G12V 27.2% vs 32.1%; G12R 10.7% vs 11.7%; Q61 7.8% vs 12.4%; G12C 0% vs 2.9%; Other 1.9% vs 0.7%
Table 1. Baseline clinical characteristics according to chemotherapy sequence
Baseline characteristic | 5FU→GEM | GEM→5FU | p-value
Age, median (IQR), years | 59 (51–65) | 67 (60–73) | <0.001
Female, n (%) | 68 (42.0%) | 100 (47.2%) | 0.32
Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 7 (6–8) | 9 (7–10) | <0.001
Pancreatic head primary, n (%) | 84 (51.9%) | 118 (55.7%) | 0.46
Biliary stent, n (%)† | 49 (32.2%) | 54 (26.2%) | 0.21
Metastatic at diagnosis, n (%) | 96 (59.3%) | 134 (63.2%) | 0.44
Primary tumor surgery, n (%) | 24 (14.8%) | 51 (24.1%) | 0.027
Liver metastases at diagnosis, n(%) | 65 (40.1%) | 92 (43.4%) | 0.52
Lung metastases at diagnosis, n(%) | 12 (7.4%) | 21 (9.9%) | 0.40
ECOG PS 0–1, n (%)† | 132 (99.2%) | 172 (94.0%) | 0.016
NLR ≥3, n (%)† | 45 (45.5%) | 77 (47.8%) | 0.71
CEA >5 ng/mL, n (%)† | 35 (44.9%) | 36 (33.6%) | 0.12
CA19-9 > 37 U/mL, n (%)† | 85 (83.3%) | 126 (78.3%) | 0.31
† Percentages calculated among patients with available data. NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.
CONCLUSIONS
No significant differences in PFS or OS were observed between 5FU→GEM and GEM→5FU sequencing among patients who received at least two lines of chemotherapy.
Although patients selected for the 5FU→GEM sequence were younger, had fewer comorbidities, and had better ECOG PS, this did not translate into a clear survival advantage for the 5FU-first strategy.
PFS2 provides a pragmatic endpoint for evaluating treatment sequencing strategies and supports individualized sequencing based on clinical fitness and disease burden.
The emergence of effective RAS-directed therapies is likely to redefine the role and timing of chemotherapy backbones in future treatment sequences.
Disclosure: Kreina S. Vega Cano declares no conflicts of interest related to this study.
Prof Tom John@TommyJohn00
Biomarker data: CROWN: 7-year PFS lorlatinib vs crizotinib and ctDNA analysis background
@bensolomon1 presenting ctDNA results from Crown. Interesting, although not surprising. TP53 consistently a marker of poorer outcomes #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/j9dzHyaAOm
Lorlatinib showed unprecedented PFS, with median PFS not reached after 7 years in CROWN (NCT03052608)
Table: Lorlatinib (n=149) | Crizotinib (n=147)
Events, n: 62 | 119
PFS, months, median (95% CI): NR (68.5-NR) | 9.1 (7.4-10.9)
HR (95% CI): 0.19 (0.13-0.26)
Curve annotations (lorlatinib): 70%, 65%, 63%, 60%, 57%, 55%; (crizotinib): 15%, 10%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 3%
Y axis: PFS, %; X axis: Months 0-100
No. at risk (censored)
Lorlatinib: 149 126 118 111 103 96 93 89 87 81 81 79 78 75 73 71 69 68 66 65 62 38 28 9 2 0
(0) (8) (9) (10)(12)(14)(14)(17)(17)(19)(19)(20)(20)(21)(23)(23)(25)(25)(25)(25)(28)(51)(60)(78)(85)(87)
Crizotinib: 147 107 70 42 30 19 16 16 11 10 9 9 9 8 8 7 6 6 6 5 2 2 0 0 0 0
(0) (15)(17)(20)(22)(23)(23)(23)(23)(24)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(25)(26)(26)(28)
Reprinted from AT Shaw, et al. Ann Oncol. 2026;37(9):1242-1252. Copyright (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Medical Oncology.
Understanding lorlatinib resistance mechanisms and identifying patients at risk of early progression could help further improve outcomes for patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC
- We analyzed ctDNA from patients in the lorlatinib group (n=149)(a) using the Guardant Health Infinity assay(b) to identify potential resistance mechanisms and predictors of early progression and long-term response to lorlatinib
- Samples were collected at baseline (n=120) and EOT following progression (n=18)
- EPs were defined as patients with a PFS event within 12 months; LTRs were defined as patients who were progression free at 84 months
- Analyses included EOT resistance mechanisms, comparisons of baseline genomic alterations in EPs vs LTRs, efficacy by baseline biomarkers (EML4::ALK variant and TP53 status), and longitudinal methylation-based TF
ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase; ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; EOT, end of treatment; EP, early progressor; HR, hazard ratio; LTR, long-term responder; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PFS, progression-free survival; TF, tumor fraction.
(a)Patients enrolled in China were excluded from ctDNA analyses. (b)The Guardant Infinity ctDNA next-generation sequencing assay assesses genomic alterations across 755 genes and uses a non-destructive methylation-based technology to quantify TF.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (CROWN, 7-year update reprinted from Shaw et al. Ann Oncol 2026)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Lorlatinib | 149 | NR | 68.5-NR
Crizotinib | 147 | 9.1 | 7.4-10.9
HR: 0.19
HR CI: 0.13-0.26
Balazs Halmos@BalazsHalmosMD
1) Biomarker data: Ben Levy discussion: ADCs in PD-L1 >50% awaiting results — TROPION-Lung08 · 2) Trial design schema: Ben Levy discussion: BR.36 phase II adaptive trial design
Excellent discussion by Big Ben @benlevylungdoc Of thoracic onc - great points as to pts w tps>50 advanced NSCLC/ PARSEE trial
☑️ what we will do in clinic tomorrow
☑️key data coming to shape this space
☑️how this data will impact emerging IO+/- trial data
#lcsm
#ESMO26 https://t.co/weI8ksJ7Ay https://t.co/0QgNpVqCny
[Slide 2]
ADCs in PD-L1 > 50%: Awaiting results
TROPION LUNG 08
Patient population (N = 740)
• Stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV NSCLC
• No actionable genomic alterations (documented EGFR/ALK/ROS1 negative)
• No previous systemic therapy for adv/met NSCLC
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
• Central PD-L1 TPS ≥50%
R 1:1 → Dato-DXd 6 mg/kg IV Q3W + Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W | Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W
Treatment until: • Occurrence of progressive disease by BICR, unacceptable toxicity, or other discontinuation criteria • Completion of 35 cycles of pembrolizumab (no maximum limit for Dato-DXd)
Stratified by: • Histology (squamous vs nonsquamous) • Geography (East Asia vs rest of world) • Smoking status (former/current vs never) • ECOG PS (0 vs 1)
TROFUSE-007 study
Patient Population (N = 614)
• Stage IV metastatic NSCLC
• High PD-L1 expression (TPS ≥ 50%)
• No actionable genomic alterations (EGFR/ALK negative)
• Previously untreated (1st-Line) status
• ECOG Performance Status 0 or 1
R 1:1 → Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (sac-TMT) Investigational TROP2 ADC + Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W | Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W (Standard-of-Care Monotherapy)
Treatment Horizon & Endpoints
Duration: • Treat until disease progression (BICR), unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal. • Pembrolizumab max 35 cycles.
Primary Endpoint: • Overall Survival (OS)
Secondary Endpoints: • PFS, ORR, DOR, and Safety profiles.
Stratified by: • Histology (Squamous vs. Nonsquamous) • Geography (East Asia vs. Rest of World) • Smoking status (Former/Current vs. Never) • ECOG Performance Status (0 vs. 1)
[Slide 3]
BR.36 Phase II adaptive trial
Patients with metastatic PD-L1+ lung cancer after 6 weeks of immunotherapy → SCREEN → ctDNA+ and no progression on imaging → RANDOMIZE → Continue Immunotherapy | Add Chemotherapy
Primary Endpoints: Progression-free & Overall survival
Individuals receiving pembrolizumab and showing molecular progression on liquid biopsy can be rapidly and accurately identified and treatment can be optimized.
Adapted from Anagnostou et al., Cancer Research 2019; Anagnostou et al., Nature Medicine 2023 (BR.36 clinical trial), Niknafs et al., Clin Cancer Res, 2026
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer? Surgical principles for lung cancer (Yi-Long Wu) · 2) Slide: How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer? Surgical principles for oligomets (Yi-Long Wu) · 3) Slide: How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer? When not to operate – high-risk factors · 4) Slide: Take home message: surgery in advanced lung cancer (Yi-Long Wu)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Multidisciplinary Sesssion
🔥 Optimizing use of local therapy in advanced lung cancer: Why, when, and how
🎯Surgery perspective
🎙️ Prof. Yi-Long Wu @ThomasW35874311
🔗 https://t.co/aT3Ns5hCa8
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC https://t.co/TC7Ca7vRnD https://t.co/AEYgmD3Hgl
[Slide 1]
How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
Surgical Principles for Lung Cancer
Resection Goal
R0 is mandatory
If R1/R2 is likely → prefer SBRT or CRT
Lobectomy vs Sublobar Resection
Prefer lobectomy + systematic nodal dissection over sublobar
if oncologically safe
- Limited pulmonary reserve
- Oligo lung meastases
Pneumonectomy Avoidance
Avoid pneumonectomy if possible
• Favor sleeve / bronchoplastic / angioplastic procedures
especially after immunotherapy (IO)
Surgical Approach
Minimally invasive surgery (VATS / RATS) is acceptable
in experienced hands
• Convert to open thoracotomy if safety concerns arise
Lymph Node Management
Perform systematic mediestinal lymphadenectomy
even if nodes appear absent ("look gone")
Residual micro-disease is common
Yi-Long Wu @ Guandong Lung Cancer Institute, China
[Slide 2]
How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
Surgical principles: For oligomets
Adrenal solitary met → adrenalectomy (open/lap) often reasonable
Brain solitary met → neurosurgery/SRS first if symptomatic; then thoracic primary
Bone met → stabilisation/kyphoplasty + RT; surgery if mechanical instability/path fracture
Contralateral lung nodule → treat as second primary if meets criteria, not automatic stage IV
Yi-Long Wu @ Guandong Lung Cancer Institute, China
[Slide 3]
How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
When not to operate
Preoperative multidisciplinary assessment identifies patients who may require MDT discussion or treatment strategy adjustment.
High-Risk Factors
Metastatic & Progressive Disease Risk: Widely metastatic (multi-organ, M1c); Uncontrolled systemic progression on treatment
Pleural Disease Limitations: • Diffuse pleural seeding or malignant effusion • Limited/localised pleural disease after MDT discussion is sdebated and not standard
Disease Burden & Dissemination Risk: N3 with persistent dissemination risk and no major response
Performance Status & Organ Reserve: ECOG ≥ 2 / frailty / insufficient pulmonary reserve
Active Immune-Related Conditions: Active immune-related pneumonitis ≥ grade 2, hepatitis, myocarditis, etc.
Driver-Mutant & Local Control: Driver-mutant disease where operation would delay superior TKI benefit unless local control is clearly additive.
Key takeaway: More high-risk factors increase the need for MDT discussion and caution with surgical timing.
Yi-Long Wu @ Guandong Lung Cancer Institute, China
[Slide 4]
Take home message
Why use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
Some patients can get survival benefit from surgery
When use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
Under effective system treatment
How to use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
R0 always
How to select patient to surgery in advanced lung cancer
Patients with special clinical phenotype or molecular based
Dr. Antonio Calles 🫁🚭@Tony_Calles
Kaplan-Meier survival data: SAFFRON: PFS by BICR in MET-overexpressed and MET-amplified analysis
💊 In the Osimertinib era, osi+savo in MET-OE or MET-amp EGFRmut NSCLC improved ORR, PFS, and OS compared to chemotherapy without better tolerability.
High attrition rate (1746 pts screened, 338 pts randomized), old treatment paradigm with FLAURA-2 or MARIPOSA
regimens available in 1L.
A needle 🪡 in a haystack #ESMO26 #LCSM
#ESMO26 Dr. @ShaodongHong with phase II study of 1L BAT8008 (TROP2-ADC) + BAT1308 (PD1) in NSCLC. TRAEs include myelosuppression, stomatitis. RR 61% (47% in PDL1 negative, 59% in low, 83% in high). mPFS 12m (7.7m in squamous, NR for non-squamous). https://t.co/IgKnV3rJmg
[Slide 2]
Background & Trial Design
• First-line treatment for advanced NSCLC without targetable genomic alterations is based mainly on immunotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy, but further improvement in outcomes is needed. TROP2-targeted ADCs may enhance PD-1/L1 blockade through cytotoxicity and immune activation.
• BAT8008, a TROP2-directed ADC with an exatecan payload (DAR ~6), combined with BAT1308, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has shown manageable safety and encouraging preliminary antitumor activity across explored dose levels in previously treated NSCLC.
Trial design
BAT-8008+1308-002 Part B
Main inclusion criteria
• Pathologically confirmed stage IIIB–IV NSCLC
• No prior systemic treatment
• No EGFR mutation or ALK rearrangement
• ECOG PS 0–1
• Archived tumor tissue or a new biopsy required
Combination therapy
BAT8008, 2.4 mg/kg IV Q2W + BAT1308, 200 mg IV Q2W
Up to 2 years
PFS & OS follow-up
Primary endpoints: Safety and investigator-assessed efficacy (ORR, DOR, DCR, PFS, etc.)
Secondary endpoints: PK parameters, ADA/NAb, and endpoints by TROP2 expression level
[Slide 3]
Baseline Characteristics & Safety
• 104 patients recruited in China, and no new safety signals were observed.
• Anemia and stomatitis were the most common TRAEs, with few treatment-related discontinuations.
Characteristic | Total (N=104)
Age – Median (range), years | 63.5 (39, 76)
Histology – Squamous cell carcinoma | 55 (52.9%)
Non-squamous cell carcinoma | 49 (47.1%)
PD-L1 TPS – ≥50% | 32 (30.8%)
1%–49% | 30 (28.8%)
<1% | 38 (36.5%)
Not tested | 4 (3.8%)
ECOG score – 1 | 92 (88.5%)
TROP2 score1* – High expression | 27 (26.0%)
Low expression | 24 (23.1%)
Not tested | 53 (51.0%)
Clinical stage – IV | 79 (76.0%)
Safety summary | Total (N=104)
TEAEs, n (%) | 104 (100.0)
Treatment-related | 104 (100.0)
Grade ≥3 TEAEs, n (%) | 69 (66.3)
Treatment-related | 63 (60.6)
Serious TEAEs, n (%) | 51 (49.0)
Treatment-related | 41 (39.4)
TEAEs leading to discontinuation of any study drug, n (%) | 6 (5.8)
Treatment-related | 6 (5.8)
Leading to discontinuation of BAT8008 | 4 (3.8)
Leading to discontinuation of BAT1308 | 4 (3.8)
TRAEs associated with death, n (%)2* | 1 (1.0)
Figure 1. TRAEs reported in ≥15% of patients (Grade ≥3 / total %)
Anemia 17.3 / 78.8
Stomatitis 16.3 / 65.4
White blood cell count decreased 18.3 / 55.8
Neutrophil count decreased 23.1 / 50.0
Alanine aminotransferase increased 2.9 / 31.7
Decreased appetite 1.0 / 30.8
Hypoalbuminemia – / 27.9
Aspartate aminotransferase increased 3.8 / 26.0
Asthenia 3.8 / 23.1
Constipation – / 18.3
Nausea – / 18.3
Platelet count decreased 6.7 / 17.3
Pneumonia 9.6 / 15.4
Legend: Grade 1/2; Grade ≥3. x-axis: Patients with TRAE (%)
Date cutoff: Sep 22, 2026 1* TROP2 score high expression: H-score≥200 2* The only TRAE leading to death was cerebral infarction
[Slide 4]
Efficacy
• At a median follow-up of 8.9 months (range, 7.9–9.5), the overall ORR was 61.2%, with higher response rates observed with increasing PD-L1 expression: 47.2% in TPS <1%, 58.6% in TPS 1%–49%, and 83.3% in TPS ≥50%.
• Tumor shrinkage and objective responses were observed across PD-L1 subgroups, histologic subtypes, and TROP2 expression categories.
Figure 2. Best Percentage Change in Sum of Diameters of Target Lesions
[Waterfall plot] PD-L1 <1% (N=34) | PD-L1 1%–49% (N=29) | PD-L1 ≥50% (N=29) | PD-L1 unknown (N=3)
y-axis: Best change in target-lesion sum from baseline (%)
Histology: Squamous; Non-squamous
TROP2: High expression; Low expression; Unknown
Date cutoff: Sep 22, 2026
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Safety data: MARIPOSA poster 2650P - amivantamab dose modifications to manage adverse events in 1L
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥MARIPOSA: Dose Modifications to Manage Adverse Events (AEs) in 1L EGFR-Mutated Advanced NSCLC: Post Hoc, Exploratory Analyses From the Phase 3 Trial
🎙️ @ShirishGadgeel
🔢2650P
🎯Ami Dose Modification (Mostly Interruption, n=363) Improved Grade≥2 AEs in Most Pts
🎯Rash 80%, Paronychia 77%, Peripheral Edema 82%
🎯Median Time to Improvement <1 Month (~2 Weeks for Grade≥3)
☑️NCT04487080
🔗 https://t.co/ShtlGwO393
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
2650P
Dose modifications to manage adverse events in 1L EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC: Post hoc, exploratory analyses from the phase 3 MARIPOSA trial
Shirish M Gadgeel*, Byoung Chul Cho, Nicolas Girard, Enriqueta Felip, Yichuan Xia, George Wang, Simon Todd, Seema Sethi, Andy L Johnson, Maria del Rosario Garcia Campelo
Key Takeaway
Amivantamab dose modifications for grade ≥2 AEs are an effective approach to mitigate rash/dermatitis acneiform, paronychia, and peripheral edema
Conclusions
A high rate of AE improvement (approximately 80%) was found in participants who had their dose modified with grade ≥2 key AEs (rash/dermatitis acneiform, paronychia, peripheral edema)
After dose modification, most AEs improved in <1 month, with grade ≥3 AEs improving in approximately 2 weeks
SC amivantamab and prophylactic measures, which were not included in MARIPOSA, have now been shown to further mitigate the incidence and severity of key AEs, and may enable patients to stay on therapy longer
Introduction
• In MARIPOSA (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04487080), first-line (1L) intravenous (IV) amivantamab + lazertinib significantly improved overall survival versus osimertinib (hazard ratio, 0.75; P=0.005) in participants with common (exon 19 deletion/exon 21 L858R substitution) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
• Key adverse events (AEs) first occurred during the first 4 months after randomization in MARIPOSA
– Dose modifications, including dose interruptions and dose reductions, assisted AE management while maintaining efficacy (Figure 1)
• Notably, MARIPOSA was conducted prior to the availability of subcutaneous (SC) amivantamab and prospective data on the effectiveness of prophylactic AE strategies
• The COPERNICUS study, which evaluated SC amivantamab + lazertinib in 1L EGFR-mutated NSCLC, showed that the SC formulation with dermatologic and venous thromboembolism prophylaxis demonstrated a meaningful reduction in the incidence and severity of AEs of special interest compared with MARIPOSA (Figure 2)
• Here, we report the impact of first dose modifications among key clinically observable EGFR- and MET-related AEs that were the most common reasons for IV amivantamab dose modifications in MARIPOSA
Figure 1: PFS by dose modification status within 4 months
HR, 1.12 (95% CI, 0.80–1.58)
No. at risk: Without dose modifications for amivantamab 154 154 143 131 107 72 28 6 0; With dose modifications for amivantamab 194 194 174 148 126 75 30 2 0 (0–32 months)
Figure 2: Incidence of selected AESIs during the first 4 months of treatment in COPERNICUS and MARIPOSA (COPERNICUS grade 1–2 / grade ≥3 | MARIPOSA grade 1–2 / grade ≥3)
Paronychia: COPERNICUS 35% (grade ≥3 1%) | MARIPOSA 50% (grade ≥3 4%)
Rash: COPERNICUS 25% (grade ≥3 3%) | MARIPOSA 55% (grade ≥3 7%)
VTE: COPERNICUS 3% (grade ≥3 <1%) | MARIPOSA 23% (grade ≥3 6%)
ARR/IRR: COPERNICUS 3% (grade ≥3 <1%) | MARIPOSA 55% (grade ≥3 5%)
The term ARR was used in COPERNICUS, and the term IRR was used in MARIPOSA.
Methods
• Participants with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC were randomized 2:2:1 to receive amivantamab + lazertinib (n=429), osimertinib monotherapy (n=429), or lazertinib monotherapy (n=216)
– The safety analysis set (amivantamab + lazertinib: n=421) included randomized participants who received ≥1 dose of any study treatment
• This post hoc, exploratory analysis of the amivantamab + lazertinib arm included per-protocol amivantamab dose modifications recommended for treatment-related grade ≥2 AEs
– For grade 1 or 2 dermatologic AEs, supportive care was initiated and dose reduction was considered if there was no improvement after 2 weeks; for grade 3, amivantamab treatment was interrupted
– For other grade 3 AEs, amivantamab treatment was withheld until recovery to grade ≤1 or baseline
– Amivantamab was to be modified prior to modifying lazertinib in participants who experienced treatment-related grade ≥2 AEs
• Improvement was defined as resolution of the AE, reduction in grade (eg, grade 3 to 2, grade 2 to 1, or grade 3 to 1), or both
Results
Types of dose modifications
• The majority of participants (363/421; 86%) experienced amivantamab dose modifications (interruptions and/or reductions)
– 345 participants had dose interruptions, and 274 participants had dose reductions
• Median time to dose modification was 85 days (range, 2–925)
• By 6 months, the median relative dose intensity among treated participants, defined as the percentage of the planned total dose received, was 83%
AEs leading to first dose modifications
• The most common amivantamab-associated AEs leading to first dose modifications were paronychia (27%), rash (26%), dermatitis acneiform (13%), and peripheral edema (5%)
• Among common AEs reported (rash/dermatitis acneiform, paronychia, peripheral edema), 86% to 92% were grade 1 or 2 at first onset
• Dose modifications for AEs typically occurred at grade 2 or 3 (Figure 3)
– Interruption was the most common first modification (82% of participants)
• Most participants who dose modified with grade ≥2 rash/dermatitis acneiform, paronychia, or peripheral edema experienced AE improvement (Figure 4)
Figure 3: Grade at time of first dose modification (Grade 3 / Grade 2 / Grade 1)
Rash/dermatitis acneiform (n=152): 32% / 51% / 18%; Grade 2–3: 83%
Paronychia (n=113): 20% / 65% / 14%; Grade 2–3: 85%
Peripheral edema (n=21): 14% / 67% / 19%; Grade 2–3: 81%
Note: Totals may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
Figure 4: Percentage of participants with improvement in grade ≥2 rash/dermatitis acneiform, paronychia, and peripheral edema after dose modification
Rash/dermatitis acneiform (n=125) 80%; Paronychia (n=97) 77%; Peripheral edema (n=17) 82%
Time to AE improvement after first dose modification for grade ≥2 AEs
• After dose modification, the median time to improvement among those who improved was <1 month for both grade ≥2 and grade ≥3 AEs (Table 1)
Table 1: Median time to improvement since dose modification for grade ≥2 AEs (Median time to AE improvement (days): Grade ≥2 AEs | Grade ≥3 AEs)
Rash/dermatitis acneiform 16.5 | 15.0
Paronychia 22.0 | 15.5
Peripheral edema 27.5 | 15.0
This study was funded by Janssen Research & Development, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson company.
Presented by SM Gadgeel at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress; October 23–27, 2026; Madrid, Spain.
First-line chemo + #Obrixtamig from #DAREON7 by @Ja_Capdevila
Results by DLL3 status: high vs low
More CRS if DLL3 high?
ORR higher in DLL3 high, but still 65% in DLL3 low (good)
DAREON-NEC-1 - recruiting in Spain (including @Hospital_FJD)
@myESMO #ESMO26 #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/bsmguOwW5n
[Slide 1]
We report a subgroup analysis of the DAREON®-7 trial by DLL3 expression status
DAREON®-7 (NCT06132113): Phase I dose-escalation/expansion trial of 1L obrixtamig + SoC
Patient population
• Locally advanced/metastatic extrapulmonary NEC, LCNEC-L, or NEC of unknown primary site
• DLL3-positive (central testing)
• No prior treatment with DLL3-targeted T-cell engagers or cell therapies
Primary endpoint: DLTs
Secondary endpoint: Part A: AEs and DLTs; Part B: ORR and DoR*
Further endpoint: PFS*
DLL3 expression status
Categorized by the proportion of tumor cells with moderate-to-strong cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining with an investigational antibody for DLL3 (SP347; Roche Diagnostics)
• DLL3-positive: >0%
– DLL3low: <50%
– DLL3high: ≥50%
Part A: Dose escalation (BLRM with overdose control; N=25)
Obrixtamig (target dose levels: 10, 30, 60 mg)† + SoC‡
↓ RP2D
Part B: Dose expansion (N=19)
Obrixtamig 60 mg† + SoC‡
Treatment schedule
Induction: Cycle 1: SoC‡ | Cycle 2–6: Obrixtamig + SoC‡ → Maintenance: Cycle 7 onwards:§ Obrixtamig Q3W
*RECIST v1.1 (investigator-assessed); †Patients received obrixtamig as step-up dosing followed by target dose; ‡Part A: carboplatin + etoposide, Part B: investigator's choice of platinum (carboplatin / cisplatin) + etoposide; §Treatment continues until disease progression or another reason requiring termination, for up to 36 months
1L, first-line; AE, adverse event; BLRM, Bayesian logistic regression model; DLL3, delta-like ligand 3; DLT, dose-limiting toxicity; DoR, duration of response; LCNEC-L, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; ORR, objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival; Q3W, every 3 weeks; RECIST v1.1, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours version 1.1; RP2D, recommended Phase II dose; SoC, standard of care
Jaume Capdevila
[Slide 2]
Key findings and conclusions
DLL3 expression status: Overall, 44 patients with DLL3-positive NEC received 1L obrixtamig + SoC. Of these patients: 54.5% had DLL3high tumors; 45.5% had DLL3low tumors
Safety: A favorable safety profile was maintained regardless of DLL3 expression status
Efficacy: Encouraging efficacy was shown across both DLL3 subgroups, with numerically higher response rates and durable responses in the DLL3high subgroup; longer follow up is needed
Conclusions: These findings provide a strong rationale for evaluating 1L obrixtamig + SoC in patients with DLL3-positive extrapulmonary NEC in the ongoing Phase III DAREON®-NEC-1 trial (NCT07544654)
1L, first-line; DLL3, delta-like ligand 3; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; SoC, standard of care
Jaume Capdevila
[Slide 4]
The safety profile of obrixtamig + SoC was aligned with known profiles of individual components across both DLL3 subgroups
n (%) | All N=44: Any grade / Grade ≥3* | DLL3high n=24: Any grade / Grade ≥3 | DLL3low n=20: Any grade / Grade ≥3
TEAEs | 44 (100) / 41 (93.2) | 24 (100) / 22 (91.7) | 20 (100) / 19 (95.0)
Obrixtamig-related AEs | 39 (88.6) / 8 (18.2) | 23 (95.8) / 4 (16.7) | 16 (80.0) / 4 (20.0)
Most common obrixtamig-related AEs†
CRS | 32 (72.7) / 0 | 22 (91.7) / 0 | 10 (50.0) / 0
Chemotherapy-related AEs | 44 (100) / 35 (79.5) | 24 (100) / 17 (70.8) | 20 (100) / 18 (90.0)
Most common chemotherapy-related AEs†
Neutropenia | 30 (68.2) / 24 (54.5) | 14 (58.3) / 10 (41.7) | 16 (80.0) / 14 (70.0)
Anemia | 25 (56.8) / 19 (43.2) | 15 (62.5) / 12 (50.0) | 10 (50.0) / 7 (35.0)
Dysgeusia | 23 (52.3) / 0 | 13 (54.2) / 0 | 10 (50.0) / 0
All cases of CRS were grade 1 or 2
[Bar chart: CRS by grade (Grade 1 / Grade 2), Patients (%) 0–100 for All, DLL3high, DLL3low]
Obrixtamig-related ICANS and potential ICANS-like neurotoxicity were infrequent (n=2; 4.5%) and grade 1‡
*One grade 5 AE occurred (malignant neoplasm progression), this was not related to obrixtamig; †Any-grade AEs in ≥50% patients in the overall population; ‡Both cases were ICANS (DLL3high: n=1; DLL3low: n=1)
AE, adverse event; CRS, cytokine release syndrome; DLL3, delta-like ligand 3; ICANS, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome; SoC, standard of care; TEAE, treatment-emergent AE
Jaume Capdevila
Rodrigo Lastra del Prado@DrRodrigoLastra
1) Slide: Conclusions slide: Common Sense Oncology checklist applied to EMA lung cancer approval · 2) Trial design schema: Title slide: Applying the Common Sense Oncology (CSO) checklist
Great work of my friend @JavierDavidBen2 in #ESMO26 apllying Common Sense Oncology #CSO checklist to @EMA_News aporovals in #LungCancer drugs 2020-2025.
Invaluable collaboration of @oncology_bg, @OncologyBGLab and @RIO_Oncology https://t.co/VOAB7eXvfN
[Slide 1]
Conclusions
•Median alignment was 68% with stronger design tan reporting and substantial gaps between planned and published assessments
•Limited inclusion of patients with poor PS
•Frequent reliance on surrogate endpoints
•Major gaps in patient-centred outcomes, particularly HRQoL and long-term toxicity reporting
Priority: More inclusive trials and transparent reporting of clinically meaningful, patient centred outcomes.
Javier David Benitez-Fuentes | 3323RO
[Slide 2]
RAPID ORAL 3323RO
Applying the Common Sense Oncology (CSO) checklist for phase III trials supporting European Medicines Agency (EMA) lung cancer approvals, 2020–2025
Javier David Benitez-Fuentes¹, Alba Moratiel Pellitero², Elisa Cabrera Acosta³, Paloma Alejandra Flores Navarro⁴, Ana Callejo Perez⁵, Rodrigo Lastra del Prado⁶
[affiliations: illegible]
Yakup Ergün@dr_yakupergun
Slide: Main causes and prevalence of drug-related ILD (table by drug class)
#ESMO26
ILD Is Not Unique to ADCs: A Long-Recognized Toxicity of Anticancer Therapies
Main Causes and Prevalence of Drug-Related ILD👇 https://t.co/VKMLKRODoB
Main causes and prevalence of drug-related ILD
NO-DRUG RELATED
Progression of the underlying oncologic disease
Infective pneumonia (ie, bacterial, mycotic, and viral, including SARS-CoV-2)
Radiotherapy-induced pneumonitis
Other drug-induced lung toxic effect (ie, cancer drug or concomitant medication)
Smoking-related ILD
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Connective tissue disorders (eg, scleroderma, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, dermatomyositis/polymyositis, ankylosing spondylitis, and mixed connective tissue disease)
Occupational/environmental (eg, pneumoconiosis, anthracosis, asbestosis, silicosis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis)
Vasculitis
Sarcoidosis
Pulmonary hemorrhage syndromes
Idiopathic interstitial fibrosis
Alveolar proteinosis
Amyloidosis
Bronchiolitis obliterans
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Lymphocytic infiltrative lung disease
DRUG RELATED
DRUG | PREVALENCE
BLEOMYCIN | 6.8-21%
TAXANES | 4.6%
ANTHRACYCLINES | RARE
IRINOTECAN | RARE
GEMCITABINE | 1-20%
mTOR-inh | 10.4%
ICI | 3.6% for PD-1 inh and 1.1% for PD-L1 inh
EGFR-targeting agents | 1.2-1.6%
METHOTREXATE (low-dose) | 0.3-2.1%
CDK4/6inh | 0.3-2.1%
T-DM1 | 0.5% (2.6% with concomitant RT)
New drugs (phase I trials) | 5.3%
Skeoch, et al 2018; Tarantino et al, 2021; Raschi et al, BCRT 2021; Trapani et al, 2024
Christian Rolfo@ChristianRolfo
Biomarker data: Lung DETECT study: preoperative ctDNA and pathologic upstaging in clinical stage I
Very happy to see all the sessions we have to discuss #liquidbiopsy during #ESMO26!! When we started ISLB @isliquidbiopsy was the future, now is the present! Working in progress , MRD Early detection, technology access & education. @EnriquetaFelip discussing early stage LB use. https://t.co/oWQAXjBDEy
Preoperative ctDNA+ associated with a higher likelihood of pathologic upstaging in clinical stage I NSCLC: The lung DETECT study
• Multicenter prospective cohort study in clinical stage I NSCLC, preoperative ctDNA detection using a tumor-informed assay
• Patients underwent guideline-concordant staging with PET / CT, CT-guided biopsy, and/or EBUS
• Among 153 patients with clinical stage I, 34 were ctDNA-positive preoperatively
• 14 of 153 patients had occult LN metastases discovered. Preoperative ctDNA was detected in 8 of the 14 LN+ patients
Entered screening (n = 231) → Excluded (n = 78) Insufficient tissue for ctDNA panel creation (n = 48)
Enrolled NSCLC Clinical stage I (n = 153)
Pathologic Stage I NSCLC (n = 117) → Preoperative ctDNA positive (n = 16)
Pathological stage II, III, IV NSCLC (n = 36) → Upstaged node negative patients (n = 22) → Preoperative ctDNA positive* (n = 10); Upstaged node positive patients (n = 14) → Preoperative ctDNA positive (n = 8)
Clinical Stage I NSCLC → Tumor-informed preoperative ctDNA detected → Higher detection rate of occult LN metastasis
Preoperative ctDNA is associated with occult LN metastasis in clinical stage I NSCLC.
• ctDNA as a complementary tool to refine staging and guide decisions regarding invasive mediastinal staging or perioperative treatment in clinical stage I
Coyne JTCVS Open 2026
Giannis Mountzios@g_mountzios
1) Biomarker data: Photo of presented data slide with biomarker subgroup efficacy · 2) Biomarker data: Photo of presented data slide with biomarker subgroup efficacy · 3) Slide: Photo of discussant slide, cross-trial ADC table
#ESMO26 New data on biomarker efficacy for #cMET #ADCs in both #EGFR WT and #EGFR mut pretreated patients:
➡️ IHC MET cut-off at 10% +++ for TemabA
➡️ Magnitude of benefit correlated with MET IHC for EGFR WT but was similar for
EGFRmut NSCLC
➡️Comparative efficacy of TemabA to Trop2 targeting ADCs
@myESMO #ESMOAmbassadors
[Slide 1]
Greater Treatment Benefits Were Observed in Patients With Increased Expression (3+, ≥10%) of c-Met Protein in the EGFRwt Cohort
• In patients receiving Temab-A in the EGFRwt population, responses were observed regardless of c-Met cutoffs
– Enrichment of benefit was observed above the 3+, ≥10% c-Met cutoff, with a median OS of 25.2 months
– 43% (20/46) of EGFRwt patients with available IHC samples had c-Met 3+, ≥10%
Legend: Overall | 3+, ≥10% | 3+, <10%
ORR, % (n/N): Overall 50% (24/48); 3+, ≥10% 60% (12/20); 3+, <10% 42% (11/26)
PFS, Median (95% CI): Overall 6.8; 3+, ≥10% 7.2; 3+, <10% 5.4 (months)
OS, Median (95% CI): Overall 13.8; 3+, ≥10% 25.2 (7.5, NE); 3+, <10% 9.7 (months)
DOR, Median (95% CI): Overall 5.6; 3+, ≥10% 5.6; 3+, <10% 5.4 (2.7, NE) (months)
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026
CI, confidence interval; DOR, duration of response; EGFRwt, epidermal growth factor receptor wild type; IHC, immunohistochemistry; NE, not estimable; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; Temab-A, telisotuzumab adizutecan.
[Slide 2]
Consistent Treatment Benefit Was Observed in Patients Who Received Temab-A in the EGFRmut Cohort
• In the EGFRmut population, enrichment in Temab-A benefit was not observed based on c-Met cutoff; however, responses were observed as compared to the overall population even at a c-Met cutoff of 3+, ≥25%
– 49% (19/39) of EGFRmut patients with available IHC samples had c-Met 3+, ≥25%
Legend: Overall | 3+, ≥25% | 3+, <25%
ORR, % (n/N): Overall 63% (26/41); 3+, ≥25% 68% (13/19); 3+, <25% 60% (12/20)
PFS, Median (95% CI): Overall 10.9; 3+, ≥25% 12.3; 3+, <25% 9.5 (months)
OS, Median (95% CI): Overall 16.2; 3+, ≥25% 16.2; 3+, <25% 16.2 (months)
DOR, Median (95% CI): Overall 9.7; 3+, ≥25% 10.9; 3+, <25% 9.0 (months)
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026
CI, confidence interval; DOR, duration of response; EGFRmut, epidermal growth factor receptor mutated; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; Temab-A, telisotuzumab adizutecan.
[Slide 3]
ORR's of ADC's in resistant EGFR mut NSCLC
Drug | ORR | Phase | Median OS | Outcome
Dato-Dxd | 50% | III subset | 15.6 mo | HR OS 0.66 (TL-01)
Patritumab-Dxd | 35% | III | 16 mo | OS negative
Sac-TMT | 41% | III | NR | HR OS 0.66 p<0.001
Temab-A | 63% | II | 16.2 mo |
Egbert Smit
#ESMO26
From science to clinical use: Emerging systemic therapies for lung cancer
🗣️ Dr. Cascone @UTMDAnderson
💉🧫Biology and mechanism of new immunotherapy agents
@OncoAlert @brunolarvol @myESMO @ASCO @_SEOM https://t.co/tIhko98hGt
TUMOR-TARGETING BsAbs
Zenocutuzumab: Disrupting NRG1-driven HER2/HER3 signalling
ST3204, CD74–NRG1, lung cancer PDX
A
Vehicle
Zeno, 2.5 mg/kg
Zeno, 8 mg/kg
Zeno, 25 mg/kg
Tumor volume (mm3)
Treatment time (days)
AUC
Change in tumor volume (%)
LUAD-0061AS3, SLC3A2–NRG1, lung cancer PDX
B
P < 0.0001
P < 0.0001
P < 0.0001
Dock and block
HER2 binding positions HER3 blockade against NRG1-driven signalling.
Lung PDXs
CD74-NRG1 and SLC3A2-NRG1 models show suppression of tumor growth.
Biological selection
The oncogenic ligand-receptor circuit provides the rationale for selecting NRG1-fusion cancers.
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD
Schram et al. Cancer Discovery 2022
Nieves Martinez Lago MD PhD@DraMartinezLago
1) Trial design schema: LBL-024-CN001 opamtistomig (PD-L1x4-1BB) study design · 2) Response data: Opamtistomig (LBL-024) efficacy in EP-NEC: IRC-confirmed ORR 26.0% · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Opamtistomig (LBL-024) overall survival in EP-NEC · 4) Safety data: Opamtistomig (LBL-024) safety in EP-NEC: TRAEs in ≥15% of patients
[Slide 1]
LBL-024-CN001 Study Design
Here, we report results from the Pivotal Phase IIb study.
Phase I (N=64)
25 mg/kg n=16
15 mg/kg n=12
10 mg/kg n=12
6 mg/kg n=7
3.2 mg/kg n=13
0.8 mg/kg n=3
0.2 mg/kg n=1
"3+3" Rule; ATD
RP2D 15 mg/kg
Opamtistomig, IV, Q3W
Key Eligibility Criteria:
- Adults (18+ years)
- Measurable advanced malignant tumors, for which prior standard therapy failed
- ECOG of 0-1, and adequate organ function
Phase IIa (N=111)
Arm A (NEC) Previously treated, IO-naïve Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Arm B (BTC) Previously treated, IO-naïve Biliary Tract Carcinoma
Arm C (NSCLC) Cohort C1: Failed previous PD-(L)1 or platinum-based chemotherapy NSCLC, with no driver mutation; Cohort C2: Failed previous TKI or platinum-based chemotherapy, PD-(L)1 naïve NSCLC, with a positive driver mutation
Arm D (HCC, ESCC) Previously IO-treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, etc
Phase IIb (Pivotal Study, N=96)
RP2D 15 mg/kg → 3L+ EP-NEC
Key Eligibility Criteria:
- Central Lab confirmed EP-NEC prior to enrollment
Predefined success criterion:
Lower bound of 95% CI >13%
(IRC-assessed confirmed ORR per RECIST 1.1)
Phase I Endpoints
Primary: Safety and tolerability, RP2D
Secondary: PK, immunogenicity, efficacy per RECIST1.1
Phase IIa Endpoints
Primary: ORR per RECIST1.1
Secondary: Safety, immunogenicity, DOR, PFS
Phase IIb Endpoints
Primary Endpoint: ORR by IRC per RECIST1.1
Secondary Endpoints: ORR by INV, DoR, DCR, TTR, PFS, OS, Safety
Ming Lu
[Slide 2]
Efficacy
Opamtistomig shows robust anti-tumor activity
As of August 16, 2026, data cutoff, the median follow-up duration was 16.3 months.
In the FAS, IRC-assessed confirmed ORR was 26.0% (95% CI: 17.6%–36.0%), with the lower bound exceeding the prespecified 13% efficacy threshold.
Parameters | IRC-assessed per RECIST 1.1 Total (N=96) | INV-assessed per RECIST 1.1 Total (N=96)
BOR, n (%)
CR | 3 (3.1) | 0
PR | 22 (22.9) | 28 (29.2)
SD | 9 (9.4) | 10 (10.4)
PD | 52 (54.2) | 45 (46.9)
NE | 0 | 3 (3.1)
ND | 10 (10.4) | 10 (10.4)
ORR, n (%) [95% CI] | 25 (26.0) [17.6-36.0] | 28 (29.2) [20.3-39.3]
DCR, n (%) [95% CI] | 34 (35.4) [25.9-45.8] | 38 (39.6) [29.7-50.1]
Best Overall Response: CR, PR, SD, PD
BOR, best overall response; CR, complete response; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PD, Progressive Disease; NE, not evaluable; ND, not assessed; ORR, Objective Response Rate; DCR, disease-control rate; FAS: Full analysis set; IRC: Independent Review Committee; INV: Investigator
Cutoff date: August 16, 2026.
Ming Lu
[Slide 3]
Efficacy
Overall survival (FAS)
As of August 16, 2026, mOS was 8.7 months with a median follow-up duration of 16.3 months.
In patients with BOR as PD (n=52), mOS was 6.1 months.
Overall Survival (%)
Time (Month)
Median(95% CI)
15mg/kg 8.7 (6.1, 11.7)
No. at Risk (No. Censored)
No. of Events
Parameters | Total (N=96)
OS events
Deaths, n (%) | 62 (64.6)
Censored, n (%) | 34 (35.4)
mOS, months (95% CI) | 8.7 (6.1-11.7)
12-m OS rate, % (95% CI) | 39.4 (29.5-49.1)
mFu, months (95% CI) | 16.3 (13.5-19.0)
mOS, median overall survival; mFu, median follow up.
Ming Lu
Survival table
Endpoint: OS (FAS)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Opamtistomig 15 mg/kg | 96 | 8.7 mo | 6.1-11.7
12-mo OS rate 39.4% (29.5-49.1)
[Slide 4]
Safety
LBL-024 was well tolerated with a manageable safety profile
TEAEs occurred in 94.8% of patients
- Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 27 patients (28.1%)
- Treatment-related death: 4 patients (4.2%)*
The most common TRAEs were anemia, increased AST, increased ALT.
Liver enzymes abnormalities were predominantly grade 1-2 and transient.
TRAEs in ≥15% of patients, Safety analysis set (n=96)
Preferred Terms, n (%) | Any grade | ≥Grade 3
Anemia | 39 (40.6) | 6 (6.3)
AST increased | 31 (32.3) | 2 (2.1)
ALT increased | 30 (31.3) | 0
White blood cell count decreased | 20 (20.8) | 4 (4.2)
Gamma-glutamyl transferase increased | 18 (18.8) | 4 (4.2)
Platelet count decreased | 18 (18.8) | 3 (3.1)
Proteinuria | 18 (18.8) | 0
Blood creatine phosphokinase increased | 17 (17.7) | 2 (2.1)
Lymphocyte count decreased | 16 (16.7) | 3 (3.1)
Hypothyroidism | 16 (16.7) | 0
Hypercholesterolemia | 16 (16.7) | 0
Hypertriglyceridemia | 16 (16.7) | 1 (1.0)
Neutrophil count decreased | 15 (15.6) | 3 (3.1)
Hyponatremia | 15 (15.6) | 1 (1.0)
Decreased appetite | 15 (15.6) | 0
TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event; TRAE, treatment-related adverse event; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
*One patient experienced infectious pneumonia, one had sepsis, and one had septic shock, and one died of an unspecified cause.
Cutoff date: August 16, 2026
Ming Lu
Stephen V Liu, MD@StephenVLiu
1) Slide: EGFR-mutant NSCLC: factors favouring monotherapy vs combination therapy, with RWE high-risk · 2) Biomarker data: FLAME study: ctDNA-guided chemotherapy intensification of first-line · 3) Slide: Treatment algorithm after progression on first-line osimertinib: empiric vs precision
#ESMO26 Dr. Ross Soo provides an overview of targeted therapy for oncogene+ NSCLC. A breakdown of things to consider for combination therapy. Escalation strategies including potential for ctDNA. How to approach progression: empiric vs precision. #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/83Hyjp1b6k
[Slide 2]
Monotherapy or combination therapy?
Factors to consider
Monotherapy
Tumour related factors: Low volume disease; Baseline ctDNA-ve; Exon 19 del
Patient related factors: Older; Co-morbidities; Poor functional status
Combination
Tumour related factors: CNS mets; High tumour burden; TP53mt; ctDNA+ve; Liver mets
Patient related factors: Good PS; Adequate end organ function; Patient preference; Social support
Many pts in RWE setting have high risk features but not all are suitable for combination
U.S. medical oncology databases
Age 65+ years 66%
Brain metastases 36%
TP53mt 63%
EGFR L858R 48%
Liver metastases 15%
ECOG PS 2 or more 17%
ctDNA+ve 85%
*from MARIPOSA
Ross Soo, MB BS, PhD, FRACP
Felip Annals Oncology 2024, Sabari JTO 2025
[Slide 3]
Intensification based on detection of ctDNA
Can we start with osimertinib alone and add chemotherapy only if ctDNA remains positive at 3 weeks?
FLAME study
Patients with locally advanced / metastatic EGFRm NSCLC who receive 3-weeks first-line osimertinib
Key inclusion criteria:
- Aged ≥ 18 years
- History of EGFRm(19del/21 L858R) in plasma ctDNA prior to 1L osimertinib
- Persistence ctDNA EGFRm at 3 weeks after 1L osimertinib
- No disease progression by RECIST 1.1
- Asymptomatic and stable brain metastatic allowed
- ECOG PS 0-1
N=80 R 1:1
Stratified by: Brain metastasis status (yes/no); EGFR mutation type (19Del/21 L858R)
Osimertinib 80mg QD + pemetrexed 500 mg/m² + carboplatin AUC5 (Q3W for 4-6 cycles)
Maintenance osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 (Q3W)
Osimertinib 80mg QD
Follow-up: RECIST 1.1 assessment at 6, 12 and 18 weeks, then every 12 weeks until RECIST 1.1 defined radiological disease progression or other withdrawal criteria were met
- Primary endpoint: PFS by investigator assessment per RECIST 1.1
- Secondary endpoints: 18-month OS rate, ORR, DCR, DoR, Depth of response, safety, resistance mechanisms
- Exploratory endpoints: The dynamic change of molecular alterations by plasma analysis, QoL
Primary endpoint: Progression-Free Survival
N=80 | Chemo+ Osimertinib (n=40) | Osimertinib (n=40)
ORR | 50% | 35%
DOR | 15.6m | 10.5m
PFS | 23.1m | 12.7m
OS | NE | 30.5m
- Persistent ctDNA after 3w of osimertinib identifies a high-risk population which benefits from the addition of chemotherapy
- Not a biomarker predictive study (ctDNA-ve population not studied)
- Open label design (observer bias)
- Small sample size
- <20% screened were randomized
- Arbitrary 3-week cutoff
Ross Soo, MB BS, PhD, FRACP
Wang ASCO 2026
[Slide 4]
After osimertinib: more therapeutic options
Disease progression after 1L osimertinib
Oligo-progression → Local therapy (RT/ surgery)
Systemic progression
Tumour biopsy → Histological transformation → Histology-specific chemotherapy
Empiric approach: Chemotherapy; Chemo+ ICI+ anti-VEGF; Chemo+ amivantamab; Chemo+ osimertinib; ADCs; BsAb+ chemo
Precision oncology approach: Osimertinib+ MET TKI; 4th gen EGFR TKI; Osimertinib+ matching AGA therapy
Ross Soo, MB BS, PhD, FRACP
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: METR time horizon of software tasks LLMs can complete (Truhn, ESMO 2026 educational session) · 2) Slide: Heat-engine efficiency and US horses/mules decline analogy slide (Truhn, ESMO 2026) · 3) Slide: Where are we? 4,609 clinical studies of language models (Truhn, ESMO 2026) · 4) Slide: We are now in a Transition Period: Gare Montparnasse 1895 analogy for AI agents
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Educational Sesssion
🔥Transforming oncology with generative AI and autonomous tools
🎯Clinical evidence for AI agents: Where are we and what do we need
🎙️ Dr. Daniel Truhn
🔗 https://t.co/xCqyWV2q8Y
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO https://t.co/paksHOq31r
[Slide 1]
Time horizon of software tasks different LLMs can complete 50% of the time
METR
Y-axis: Task duration (for humans) where logistic regression of our data predicts the AI has a 50% chance of succeeding: 4 sec, 36 sec, 6 min, 1 hour, 10 hours
Task examples: Answer question; Count words in passage; Find fact on web; Train classifier; Train adversarially robust image model; Implement complex protocol from multiple RFCs
Models labeled: GPT-2, GPT-3, GPT-3.5, GPT-4, GPT-4o, o1-preview, o1, o3, GPT-5, Claude Opus 4.6
X-axis: LLM release date 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Time Horizon 1.1 (Current) | Log Scale | Linear Scale | 50% Success | 80% Success
[Slide 2]
Maximum efficiency of heat engines and turbines, 1700-2025
Bold dark line = best-in-class available at any point in time. Coloured lines = individual technologies for context.
Newcomen (1712) 0.5 %
Watt + condenser (1788) — 2.5 %
Cornish engine (1850) — 12 %
Diesel engine (1893) — 26 %
Combined-cycle turbine (1984) — 4[?]
GE 9HA / Siemens HL (2018) — 64 %
Legend: Best-in-class envelope; Steam engine; Gasoline ICE; Diesel engine; Gas turbine; Combined cycle gas turbine
US horses & mules per 1 000 inhabitants, 1850-2012
USDA Census of Agriculture (horses + mules on farms).
Peak ≈ 1915: 26 M equines for 100 M people ≈ 264 per 1 000
Mass production of Ford Model T (1908) and farm tractor (1917)
−97 % in 50 years
[Photos: horse-drawn plough → old tractor → modern tractor; horse-drawn coach → steam locomotive → high-speed train]
[Slide 3]
Where are we?
4,609 clinical studies of language models, January 2022 to September 2025
Most agent studies are here.
Exam questions 1,704 studies
Simulated cases 1,857 studies
Real patient data 1,048 studies
Randomised trials 19
Nat Med 2026 Chen SF et al.
JAMA 2025 Bedi S et al.
[Slide 4]
We are now in a Transition Period
Gare Montparnasse, Paris, 22 October 1895
1895 | Conclusions for Agents today
Running late, the express entered the station too fast | Don't deploy ahead of evidence
The air brake failed, train broke through the wall | Safeguards needed
The guard was busy with paperwork and did not apply the handbrake | Don't overload the human
A woman in the street below was killed | Harm to patients?
Photo: Studio Lévy & fils, 1895 (public domain)
[Slide 1]
10:15 - 11:45 Proffered paper: NETs and endocrine tumours
CHAIRS: JAYDIRA DEL RIVERO, ENRIQUE GRANDE
LIBRETTO-531 Overall Survival
Overall Survival Probability
Selpercatinib Cab or Van
87.1% 66.8%
No. Patients | No. Events | Median Follow-up Months (95% CI)
Selpercatinib | 193 | 23 | 45.4 (43.3, 47.4)
Cab or Van | 98 | 28 | 47.0 (43.7, 50.7)
HR (95% CI) 0.338 (0.194, 0.587) P-value <0.0001
Time from randomization (months)
No. at Risk
With a median follow-up of 45 months, overall survival favored selpercatinib over the cabozantinib or vandetanib group
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with a Cox proportional-hazards model, with stratification according to trial group (selpercatinib vs. control). Two-sided P values were calculated with a log-rank test, with stratification according to trial group. Tick marks indicate censored data. Patients in the control group were permitted to cross over to selpercatinib following BICR-confirmed disease progression.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
MURCIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 3
Jaume Capdevila
Updated results of randomized phase 3 study of selpercatinib vs cabozantinib or vandetanib (C/V) in advanced, kinase inhibitor-naïve, RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer (MTC)
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival
Selpercatinib | 193
Cabozantinib or vandetanib | 98
HR: 0.338
HR CI: 0.194, 0.587
P: <0.0001
48 months (dashed line on slide): 87.1% vs 66.8%
[Slide 2]
10:15 - 11:45 Proffered paper: NETs and endocrine tumours
CHAIRS: JAYDIRA DEL RIVERO, ENRIQUE GRANDE
LIBRETTO-531 Investigator-assessed PFS
Progression-Free Survival Probability
Selpercatinib Cab or Van
67.4% 20.5%
No. Patients | No. Events | Median Follow-up Months (95% CI)
Selpercatinib | 193 | 53 | 41.8 (38.7, 45.1)
Cab or Van | 98 | 58 | 35.9 (19.4, 46.7)
HR (95% CI) 0.205 (0.139, 0.304) P-value <0.0001
Time from randomization (months)
No. at Risk
PFS by investigator assessment remained significantly improved with selpercatinib
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with a Cox proportional-hazards model, with stratification according to trial group (selpercatinib vs. control). Two-sided P values were calculated with a log-rank test, with stratification according to trial group. Tick marks indicate censored data.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
MURCIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 3
Survival table
Endpoint: Investigator-assessed PFS
Selpercatinib | 193
Cabozantinib or vandetanib | 98
HR: 0.205
HR CI: 0.139, 0.304
P: <0.0001
48 months (dashed line on slide): 67.4% vs 20.5%
[Slide 3]
10:15 - 11:45 Proffered paper: NETs and endocrine tumours
CHAIRS: JAYDIRA DEL RIVERO, ENRIQUE GRANDE
LIBRETTO-531 Investigator-assessed PFS2
Progression-Free Survival Probability
Selpercatinib Cab or Van
85.9% 54.6%
No. Patients | No. Events | Median Follow-up Months (95% CI)
Selpercatinib | 193 | 23 | 43.3 (40.4, 46.5)
Cab or Van | 98 | 31 | 42.1 (34.4, 47.1)
HR (95% CI) 0.228 (0.131, 0.395) P-value <0.0001
Time from randomization (months)
No. at Risk
PFS2 by investigator assessment favored selpercatinib over control group
Progression-free survival 2 is defined as the time from randomization to disease progression (radiographic or symptomatic progression as determined by the investigator) on the next line of treatment or death from any cause in the absence of observed disease progression. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with a Cox proportional-hazards model, with stratification according to trial group (selpercatinib vs. control). Two-sided P values were calculated with a log-rank test, with stratification according to trial group. Tick marks indicate censored data.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
MURCIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 3
Survival table
Endpoint: Investigator-assessed PFS2
Selpercatinib | 193
Cabozantinib or vandetanib | 98
HR: 0.228
HR CI: 0.131, 0.395
P: <0.0001
48 months (dashed line on slide): 85.9% vs 54.6%
[Slide 4]
10:15 - 11:45 Proffered paper: NETs and endocrine tumours
CHAIRS: JAYDIRA DEL RIVERO, ENRIQUE GRANDE
LIBRETTO-531 Safety
TEAEs occurring in ≥20% of patients in either study arm
Selpercatinib (n=193) [Grade ≥3 | Grade <3] || Cabozantinib or Vandetanib (n=97) [Grade <3 | Grade ≥3]
Hypertension 21% | 29% || 26% | 16%
Dry mouth 1% | 38% || 9% | 1%
Diarrhoea 6% | 27% || 53% | 12%
Alanine aminotransferase increased 11% | 18% || 34% | 3%
Aspartate aminotransferase increased 5% | 23% || 37% | 3%
Oedema peripheral 1% | 27% || 7%
Headache 1% | 25% || 26%
Fatigue 4% | 21% || 18% | 5%
Constipation 1% | 22% || 15%
Erectile dysfunction* 22%
Rash 2% | 17% || 21% | 2%
Asthenia 1% | 16% || 23% | 5%
Hypocalcaemia 2% | 15% || 22% | 7%
Nausea 1% | 14% || 31% | 5%
Decreased appetite 1% | 14% || 28% | 5%
Vomiting 12% || 24% | 2%
Weight decreased 1% | 9% || 33% | 6%
Mucosal inflammation 1% | 7% || 12% | 12%
Stomatitis 5% || 19% | 2%
Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome 4% || 36% | 8%
Proteinuria 1% | 5% || 26%
Grade ≥3 Grade <3 Grade <3 Grade ≥3
Dose reductions occurred in 52% and 82% of patients treated with selpercatinib and cabozantinib or vandetanib, respectively
Subjects may be counted in more than one category. MedDRA Version MedDRA28.1 CTCAE Version CTCAE V5. One control arm patient was excluded from the safety population as they were randomized but did not receive treatment.
*Denominator adjusted because gender-specific event for males. N=115 (selpercatinib), N=67 (cabozantinib or vandetanib), N=182 (Total). TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
MURCIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 3
Narjust Florez, MD, FASCO@NarjustFlorezMD
1) Slide: Local therapy in advanced lung cancer session slide: who is likely to benefit · 2) Trial design schema: SINDAS phase III: SBRT in synchronous oligometastatic · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: NRG-LU002 phase 2/3: local consolidative therapy plus · 4) Kaplan-Meier survival data: When to use surgery in advanced lung cancer
Local therapy in advanced lung cancer at #ESMO26:
💊 Med onc: complements systemic therapy, select responders at 6 to 12 months
☢️ Rad onc: SINDAS positive in EGFR+, NRG-LU002 negative with IO
✂️ Surgery: safe and feasible in selected oligometastatic NSCLC https://t.co/OSPwOKTaMJ
[Slide 1]
MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Local therapy complements systemic therapy, it does not replace it. Select patients who respond after 6 to 12 months.
[Embedded slide photo]
WHO: Selection matters more than the modality
Likely to benefit
- PS 0-1, staged with PET/CT and MRI brain
- ≤5 metastases in ≤3 organs (ESTRO/EORTC); mediastinal nodes not counted
- No progression after about 3 months of systemic therapy
- Every residual site treatable to ablative dose
- Driver-positive disease with durable TKI response (EGFR)
- Symptomatic primary, whatever the disease burden
Caution or avoid
- Early progression or short response to systemic therapy
- ILD, poor lung function or prior thoracic RT (high MLD)
- Ultracentral disease with anti-VEGF agents or bispecifics
- Suspected germline TP53 or other radiosensitivity syndrome
- Bulky nodal disease needing large fields with ICI
- Patient priorities favour minimal treatment burden
#ESMO26 Madrid | Local therapy in advanced lung cancer
[Slide 2]
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
SINDAS showed a survival benefit with SBRT in EGFR+ disease.
[Embedded slide photo]
SINDAS: Ph III in Synchronous OMD in EGFR+
Metastatic NSCLC with EGFRm; Up to 5 sites of Extracranial Disease; Max 2 in any Organ; No Brain Metastases -> Non-PD Enrol Randomise (1:1) -> First-generation TKI -> PD; TKI & SBRT (25-40 Gy 5# to primary +/- LNs & metastases) -> PD
Primary Endpoint: Progression Free Survival
First-generation TKI (gefitinib, erlotinib, or icotinib)
Wang et al JNCI 2023
Patient Characteristics: TKI only (n = 65) vs TKI + RT (n = 68) [small table; e.g. Number of metastases 1-2: 38 (58.5) vs 32 (47.1); 3-4: 23 (35.4) vs 30 (44.1); 5: 4 (6.2) vs 6 (8.8) - remaining rows small]
mPFS 20 vs 12 mths in favour of LCT p=0.001; HR 0.618 (95%CI 0.394-0.969) P<0.001
mOS 25 vs 17 mths in favour of LCT p=0.001; HR 0.682 (95%CI 0.456-1.001) P<0.001
6% Grade 3/4 Pneumonitis in RT & TKI arm; No Grade 5 events
#ESMO26 Madrid | Local therapy in advanced lung cancer
[Slide 3]
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
NRG-LU002 showed no PFS or OS benefit with immunotherapy.
[Embedded slide photo]
NRG-LU002: Local consolidative therapy plus maintenance in advanced NSCLC
Phase 2/3 RCT
Results - PFS
Median Follow-up: All patients - 21.9 mo; Surviving patients - 29.4 mo
Of 185/215 patients treated with IO-containing systemic therapy regimens, the PFS HR was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.32).
+ Censored p=0.6638 (logrank) HR (95% CI)=0.93 (0.65, 1.31)
No. at risk (0,6,12,18,24,30,36): LCT+ST 134 90 65 52 41 28 17; ST 80 47 33 29 18 14 10
Fail/Total | 1yr PFS Rate (95% CI) | 2yr PFS Rate (95% CI)
ST 49/80 | 48.0% (35.9, 59.0) | 35.9% (24.8, 47.2)
LCT+ST 89/134 | 51.5% (42.5, 59.8) | 40.1% (31.5, 48.6)
Results - OS
Median Follow-up: All patients - 21.9 mo; Surviving patients - 29.4 mo
Of 185/215 patients treated with IO-containing systemic therapy regimens, the OS HR remained 1.05 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.63).
+ Censored p=0.8210 (logrank) HR (95% CI)=1.05 (0.70, 1.56)
No. at risk: LCT+ST 134 112 97 80 58 40 25; ST 81 65 53 45 31 24 18
Fail/Total | 1yr OS Rate (95% CI) | 2yr OS Rate (95% CI)
ST 37/81 | 75.8% (64.0, 84.2) | 58.1% (45.6, 68.8)
LCT+ST 70/134 | 76.5% (68.1, 82.9) | 54.1% (44.9, 62.5)
Yi-Long Wu @ Guandong Lung Cancer Institute, China
Iyengar P, ASCO 2[cut off]
#ESMO26 Madrid | Local therapy in advanced lung cancer
[Slide 4]
SURGERY
Feasible and safe in carefully selected oligometastatic NSCLC, with potential survival benefit.
[Embedded slide photo]
When use surgery in advanced lung cancer?
Oligometastatic disease classification
Oligometastatic disease state | Definition
Synchronous | Limited number of metastases identified within 6 mo of diagnosis
Metachronous | Oligometastatic disease manifesting >6 mo after resection or ablation of primary tumor (with primary site controlled)
Induced^5 | Polymetastatic disease reduced to an oligometastatic state due to profound response to systemic therapy
Oligoprogressive* | Disease progression in only a few sites while on active systemic therapy
Oligopersistent | Oligometastatic disease that remains stable or experiences a partial response
*These oligoprogressive sites of disease are thought to arise from the emergence of resistant clones no longer responsive to systemic therapy.
In carefully selected patients, local treatment of oligometastatic NSCLC with surgical resection or ablative therapies can provide a substantial survival benefit. Isbell JM et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022
[Small KM figure: Proportion Surviving vs Time (Months) 0-60; Replicated from Deboever, N. with permission; Number at risk PFS 52 19 14 12 12 8; OS 52 43 32 27 25 18]
Surgery has been shown to be feasible, safe, and a valuable component of local therapy in appropriately selected patients with oligometastatic NSCLC. Antonoff MB et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024
Yi-Long Wu @ Guandong Lung Cancer Institute, China
#ESMO26 Madrid | Local therapy in advanced lung cancer
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral I: #LCSM Mets
🔥CROWN: Characterizing Resistance Mechanisms and Predictors of Early Progression and Long-Term Response to Lorlatinib: Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Analyses From the CROWN Study
🎙️ @bensolomon1
🔢2636RO
🎯No New On-Target ALK Resistance Mutations
🎯Bypass (RTK/RAS/MAPK) Pathways Drive Resistance; Baseline Genomic Complexity Higher in Early Progressors
🎯On-Treatment TF Drop Predicts Longer PFS
☑️NCT03052608
🔗 https://t.co/E2MIRGmMzD
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @ALKpositiveINT
[Slide 1]
Poster no. 1017 | ESMO 2026
Phase I first-in-human (FIH) results of YL211, a c-MET targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors
Shiraj Sen, Yan Zhang, Yina Wang, Albiruni Ryan Abdul Razak, David Sommerhalder, Cesar A. Perez, Sophia Frentzas, Kanwal Raghav, Manish R. Patel, Rui-Hua Xu, Yuping Li, Jennifer Segar, Scott Laurie, Antonio Jimeno, Meng Yang, Dominik G. Kraus, Linda Mahjoubi, Jiaqiang Cai, Tongtong Xue, Michael Cecchini
BACKGROUND
- c-MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed in several solid tumors, including 30-50% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC).
- YL211 is an optimized ADC composed of a novel c-MET targeting monoclonal antibody linked to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via the tumor microenvironment activable linker-payload (TMALIN) platform (Figure 1)
- Pre-clinical data showed the linker is stable in the circulation and payload release is efficient within tumors, potentially minimizing off-target toxicity. The novel topoisomerase I inhibitor payload also showed greater cellular potency than deruxtecan (payload used in two approved ADCs in NSCLC).
- Here we present safety and preliminary efficacy results from a phase I study (NCT06384352) of YL211 in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Figure 1. Schematic representation of YL211, a c-MET targeted ADC
Target: c-MET - Frequently overexpressed in NSCLC
Payload - Novel topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload - Eight molecules of cytotoxic payload per antibody
Linker - Highly hydrophilic and plasma-stable linker to minimize premature payload release
Dual release of payload: TMALIN (Tumor Microenvironment Activable LINker) technology - 1. Intracellular release of payload 2. Extracellular cleavage releasing payload directly in the tumor microenvironment
The potential for ADCs based on the TMALIN platform has been demonstrated in two Chinese, phase III studies of Tam-Peli, a B7-H3 targeted ADC
METHODS
- Adult patients (>=18 years) were required to have advanced solid tumors (c-MET all-comer) refractory to standard therapies, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0 or 1, and adequate organ and bone marrow function.
- In the dose escalation phase, enrolled patients received YL211 at doses of 1.0-3.0 mg/kg, administered intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W), to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose for expansion (RDE)
- During this period, prophylactic G-CSF was restricted, permitted only for high-risk patients at 2.6 mg/kg but allowed as treatment for toxicities or as secondary prophylaxis in subsequent cycles (per local guidelines).
- In the backfill cohorts, patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic NSCLC (squamous and non-squamous histology; c-MET all-comer) who had received <=2 lines of prior cytotoxic systemic therapy were enrolled and received YL211 at the RDE.
- Endpoints can be found in Table 1.
Table 1. Study endpoints
| Dose escalation phase | Backfill cohorts
Primary objectives | Safety, tolerability, MTD, RDE | Safety, efficacy (ORR per RECIST v1.1), RDE
Secondary objectives | Pharmacokinetics, anti-drug immune response
RESULTS
Patient characteristics
- At data cut-off (01 July 2026; median follow-up: 7.7 months), 27 patients were enrolled across the dose escalation cohorts and 40 patients in the backfill cohorts.
- Baseline patient characteristics can be found in Table 2.
Table 2. Patient baseline characteristics
n (%) unless stated | Dose escalation phase (n=27) | NSCLC backfill cohorts (n=40) | All patients (N=67)
Median age, years (Q1, Q3) | 64 (53, 68) | 67 (59, 75) | 64 (59, 73)
Sex Male | 18 (66.7) | 24 (60.0) | 42 (62.7)
Sex Female | 9 (33.3) | 16 (40.0) | 25 (37.3)
Race Asian | 1 (3.7) | 19 (47.5) | 20 (29.9)
Black | 1 (3.7) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (4.5)
White | 23 (85.2) | 18 (45.0) | 41 (61.2)
Other | 2 (7.4) | 1 (2.5) | 3 (4.5)
ECOG PS 0 | 15 (55.6) | 12 (30.0) | 27 (40.3)
ECOG PS 1 | 12 (44.4) | 28 (70.0) | 40 (59.7)
Prior lines of therapy 1 prior line | 4 (14.8) | 17 (42.5) | 21 (31.3)
2 prior lines | 11 (40.7) | 20 (50.0) | 31 (46.3)
>=3 prior lines | 12 (44.4) | 3 (7.5) | 15 (22.5)
Tumor type NSCLC | 0 | 40 (100) | 40 (59.7)
Squamous | 0 | 11 (27.5) | 11 (16.4)
Non-squamous | 0 | 29 (72.5) | 29 (43.3)
mCRC | 16 (59.3) | 0 | 16 (23.9)
Other | 11 (40.7)* | 0 | 11 (16.4)
*Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), n=5 (18.5%); head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), n=3 (11.1%); biliary tract cancer (BTC), n=1 (3.7%); advanced gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, n=1 (3.7%); unknown (presumed BTC), n=1 (3.7%). mCRC, metastatic colorectal cancer; Q, quartile.
Table 3. Safety summary
n (%) | 2.0 mg/kg (n=15) | 2.6 mg/kg (n=40) | Overall* (N=67)
All TEAEs | 15 (100) | 38 (95.0) | 65 (97.0)
Treatment-related | 14 (93.3) | 38 (95.0) | 64 (95.5)
Grade >=3 TEAEs | 10 (66.7) | 26 (65.0) | 43 (64.2)
Treatment-related | 9 (60.0) | 22 (55.0) | 36 (53.7)
Grade 5 TEAEs | 2 (13.3)† | 0 | 3 (4.5)‡
Treatment-related | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.5)§
Serious TEAEs | 6 (40.0) | 14 (35.0) | 23 (34.3)
Treatment-related | 1 (6.7) | 7 (17.5) | 11 (16.4)
TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation | 0 | 3 (7.5) | 6 (9.0)
Treatment-related | 0 | 3 (7.5) | 6 (9.0)
TEAEs leading to dose reduction | 2 (13.3) | 11 (27.5) | 14 (20.9)
Treatment-related | 2 (13.3) | 8 (20.0) | 11 (16.4)
*Also includes patients enrolled at 1.0 mg/kg, 2.8 mg/kg, and 3.0 mg/kg. †Neoplasm progression and cerebrovascular accident (n=1, each). ‡Sepsis, neoplasm progression, and cerebrovascular accident (n=1, each). §Sepsis (2.8 mg/kg). TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event.
MTD and RDE in the dose escalation phase
- In the dose escalation phase, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in 4/27 patients:
- 2.6 mg/kg: Grade 4 neutrophil count decreased (n=1)
- 2.8 mg/kg: Grade 4 neutrophil count decreased, Grade 4 febrile neutropenia, Grade 4 platelet count decreased (n=1; all in one patient)
- 3.0 mg/kg: Grade 4 infusion-related reaction (n=1) and Grade 3 diarrhea (n=1).
- The MTD was identified as 2.6 mg/kg and the RDE were 2.0 and 2.6 mg/kg.
Safety and tolerability
- In the safety-evaluable population (n=67), TEAEs were reported in 97.0% of patients, with treatment-related adverse (TRAEs) occurring in 95.5% of patients (Table 3).
- The most common TRAEs were nausea (59.7%), neutropenia (49.3%), and anemia (44.8%) (Table 4)
- Gastrointestinal toxicities (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) were mainly low grade
- The most common Grade >=3 TRAE was neutropenia (29.9%).
- Hematological toxicities were dose-dependent, with the incidence of Grade 3-4 neutropenia and other cytopenias increasing at higher doses
- Thrombocytopenia was manageable, with clinical bleeding remaining rare, low grade, and not associated with major hemorrhagic events or coagulopathy
- Febrile neutropenia occurred in only one (1.5%) patient (Grade 4) at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg; no cases were reported at the RDE.
- One instance of interstitial lung disease (Grade 3) and two instances of pneumonitis (Grade 1 and Grade 2) have been observed to date.
- Six (9.0%) patients had TEAEs that resulted in treatment discontinuation.
Table 4. Common (>=10% of patients) TRAEs
n (%) | Overall (N=67) Any grade | Grade >=3
Nausea | 40 (59.7) | 1 (1.5)
Neutropenia* | 33 (49.3) | 20 (29.9)
Anemia | 30 (44.8) | 14 (20.9)
Decreased appetite | 24 (35.8) | 1 (1.5)
Fatigue | 24 (35.8) | 1 (1.5)
Leukopenia | 24 (35.8) | 9 (13.4)
Alopecia | 22 (32.8) | 0
Vomiting | 20 (29.9) | 2 (3.0)
Myalgia | 17 (25.4) | 0
Thrombocytopenia† | 15 (22.4) | 7 (10.4)
Lymphopenia | 13 (19.4) | 10 (14.9)
Stomatitis | 10 (14.9) | 1 (1.5)
Diarrhea | 10 (14.9) | 3 (4.5)
Weight decreased | 9 (13.4) | 0
Hypokalemia | 8 (11.9) | 0
Constipation | 7 (10.4) | 0
Hyponatremia | 7 (10.4) | 1 (1.5)
*Grouped term includes neutrophil count decreased, neutropenia, and febrile neutropenia. †Grouped term includes platelet count decreased and thrombocytopenia.
Clinical activity
- Across the intention-to-treat (ITT) population in the dose escalation cohorts (n=27), the unconfirmed ORR (uORR) was 11.1%, confirmed ORR (cORR) was 3.7%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 74.1% (Figure 2A)
- In patients with mCRC (n=16), uORR was 18.8%, cORR was 6.3%, and the DCR was 81.3%.
- In the ITT population in the NSCLC backfill cohorts (n=40), uORR was 40.0% (n=16), cORR was 30.0% (n=12), and the DCR was 85.0% (n=34) (Figure 2B)
- For 2.0 mg/kg (n=11), the uORR was 27.3%, cORR was 18.2%, and DCR was 63.6%
- For 2.6 mg/kg (n=29), the uORR was 44.8%, cORR was 34.5%, and the DCR was 93.1%.
Figure 2A. Best change in target lesion size by dose level and best response across all tumor types in the dose escalation phase
Figure 2B. Best change in target lesion size by dose level and best response in patients in the NSCLC backfill cohorts
Best response: PR | SD | PD; Treatment ongoing
PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease.
CONCLUSIONS
The MTD during dose escalation was 2.6 mg/kg based on the observed DLTs.
YL211-related toxicity was manageable, well tolerated, and as expected for a c-MET-targeted topoisomerase I inhibitor ADC.
Early efficacy was observed across all dose levels and across all solid tumors during dose escalation.
In addition, antitumor activity was demonstrated in the backfill cohorts at both tested dose levels in patients with squamous and non-squamous NSCLC.
SUMMARY
YL211 is an optimized ADC composed of a c-MET targeting monoclonal antibody linked to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (DAR 8) via the novel TMALIN platform
The TMALIN platform provides a highly plasma-stable linker to minimize premature payload release. The dual-cleavage linker allows for internalization-independent payload release directly in the tumor microenvironment, increasing the bystander effect
In this FIH phase I study, YL211 was well tolerated and demonstrated promising clinical activity across multiple tumor types
These data highlight the therapeutic potential of YL211 and support its ongoing clinical development across solid tumors, especially in NSCLC
Acknowledgments: MediLink Therapeutics and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd would like to thank all the patients, their families, the study investigators, and clinical site staff for their involvement in this study. This study was sponsored by MediLink Therapeutics. Third party medical writing assistance, under the direction of the authors, was provided by Rachel Dobb, PhD, and Rick Burgon, MRes, of Ashfield MedComms and was funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche.
[Slide 2]
Poster no. 1017 | ESMO 2026
Phase I first-in-human (FIH) results of YL211, a c-MET targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors
Shiraj Sen, Yan Zhang, Yina Wang, Albiruni Ryan Abdul Razak, David Sommerhalder, Cesar A. Perez, Sophia Frentzas, Kanwal Raghav, Manish R. Patel, Rui-Hua Xu, Yuping Li, Jennifer Segar, Scott Laurie, Antonio Jimeno, Meng Yang, Dominik G. Kraus, Linda Mahjoubi, Jiaqiang Cai, Tongtong Xue, Michael Cecchini
BACKGROUND
- c-MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed in several solid tumors, including 30-50% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC).
- YL211 is an optimized ADC composed of a novel c-MET targeting monoclonal antibody linked to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via the tumor microenvironment activable linker-payload (TMALIN) platform (Figure 1)
- Pre-clinical data showed the linker is stable in the circulation and payload release is efficient within tumors, potentially minimizing off-target toxicity. The novel topoisomerase I inhibitor payload also showed greater cellular potency than deruxtecan (payload used in two approved ADCs in NSCLC).
- Here we present safety and preliminary efficacy results from a phase I study (NCT06384352) of YL211 in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Figure 1. Schematic representation of YL211, a c-MET targeted ADC
Target: c-MET - Frequently overexpressed in NSCLC
Payload - Novel topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload - Eight molecules of cytotoxic payload per antibody
Linker - Highly hydrophilic and plasma-stable linker to minimize premature payload release
Dual release of payload: TMALIN (Tumor Microenvironment Activable LINker) technology - 1. Intracellular release of payload 2. Extracellular cleavage releasing payload directly in the tumor microenvironment
The potential for ADCs based on the TMALIN platform has been demonstrated in two Chinese, phase III studies of Tam-Peli, a B7-H3 targeted ADC
METHODS
- Adult patients (>=18 years) were required to have advanced solid tumors (c-MET all-comer) refractory to standard therapies, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0 or 1, and adequate organ and bone marrow function.
- In the dose escalation phase, enrolled patients received YL211 at doses of 1.0-3.0 mg/kg, administered intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W), to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose for expansion (RDE)
- During this period, prophylactic G-CSF was restricted, permitted only for high-risk patients at 2.6 mg/kg but allowed as treatment for toxicities or as secondary prophylaxis in subsequent cycles (per local guidelines).
- In the backfill cohorts, patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic NSCLC (squamous and non-squamous histology; c-MET all-comer) who had received <=2 lines of prior cytotoxic systemic therapy were enrolled and received YL211 at the RDE.
- Endpoints can be found in Table 1.
Table 1. Study endpoints
| Dose escalation phase | Backfill cohorts
Primary objectives | Safety, tolerability, MTD, RDE | Safety, efficacy (ORR per RECIST v1.1), RDE
Secondary objectives | Pharmacokinetics, anti-drug immune response
RESULTS
Patient characteristics
- At data cut-off (01 July 2026; median follow-up: 7.7 months), 27 patients were enrolled across the dose escalation cohorts and 40 patients in the backfill cohorts.
- Baseline patient characteristics can be found in Table 2.
Table 2. Patient baseline characteristics
n (%) unless stated | Dose escalation phase (n=27) | NSCLC backfill cohorts (n=40) | All patients (N=67)
Median age, years (Q1, Q3) | 64 (53, 68) | 67 (59, 75) | 64 (59, 73)
Sex Male | 18 (66.7) | 24 (60.0) | 42 (62.7)
Sex Female | 9 (33.3) | 16 (40.0) | 25 (37.3)
Race Asian | 1 (3.7) | 19 (47.5) | 20 (29.9)
Black | 1 (3.7) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (4.5)
White | 23 (85.2) | 18 (45.0) | 41 (61.2)
Other | 2 (7.4) | 1 (2.5) | 3 (4.5)
ECOG PS 0 | 15 (55.6) | 12 (30.0) | 27 (40.3)
ECOG PS 1 | 12 (44.4) | 28 (70.0) | 40 (59.7)
Prior lines of therapy 1 prior line | 4 (14.8) | 17 (42.5) | 21 (31.3)
2 prior lines | 11 (40.7) | 20 (50.0) | 31 (46.3)
>=3 prior lines | 12 (44.4) | 3 (7.5) | 15 (22.5)
Tumor type NSCLC | 0 | 40 (100) | 40 (59.7)
Squamous | 0 | 11 (27.5) | 11 (16.4)
Non-squamous | 0 | 29 (72.5) | 29 (43.3)
mCRC | 16 (59.3) | 0 | 16 (23.9)
Other | 11 (40.7)* | 0 | 11 (16.4)
*Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), n=5 (18.5%); head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), n=3 (11.1%); biliary tract cancer (BTC), n=1 (3.7%); advanced gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, n=1 (3.7%); unknown (presumed BTC), n=1 (3.7%). mCRC, metastatic colorectal cancer; Q, quartile.
Table 3. Safety summary
n (%) | 2.0 mg/kg (n=15) | 2.6 mg/kg (n=40) | Overall* (N=67)
All TEAEs | 15 (100) | 38 (95.0) | 65 (97.0)
Treatment-related | 14 (93.3) | 38 (95.0) | 64 (95.5)
Grade >=3 TEAEs | 10 (66.7) | 26 (65.0) | 43 (64.2)
Treatment-related | 9 (60.0) | 22 (55.0) | 36 (53.7)
Grade 5 TEAEs | 2 (13.3)† | 0 | 3 (4.5)‡
Treatment-related | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.5)§
Serious TEAEs | 6 (40.0) | 14 (35.0) | 23 (34.3)
Treatment-related | 1 (6.7) | 7 (17.5) | 11 (16.4)
TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation | 0 | 3 (7.5) | 6 (9.0)
Treatment-related | 0 | 3 (7.5) | 6 (9.0)
TEAEs leading to dose reduction | 2 (13.3) | 11 (27.5) | 14 (20.9)
Treatment-related | 2 (13.3) | 8 (20.0) | 11 (16.4)
*Also includes patients enrolled at 1.0 mg/kg, 2.8 mg/kg, and 3.0 mg/kg. †Neoplasm progression and cerebrovascular accident (n=1, each). ‡Sepsis, neoplasm progression, and cerebrovascular accident (n=1, each). §Sepsis (2.8 mg/kg). TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event.
MTD and RDE in the dose escalation phase
- In the dose escalation phase, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in 4/27 patients:
- 2.6 mg/kg: Grade 4 neutrophil count decreased (n=1)
- 2.8 mg/kg: Grade 4 neutrophil count decreased, Grade 4 febrile neutropenia, Grade 4 platelet count decreased (n=1; all in one patient)
- 3.0 mg/kg: Grade 4 infusion-related reaction (n=1) and Grade 3 diarrhea (n=1).
- The MTD was identified as 2.6 mg/kg and the RDE were 2.0 and 2.6 mg/kg.
Safety and tolerability
- In the safety-evaluable population (n=67), TEAEs were reported in 97.0% of patients, with treatment-related adverse (TRAEs) occurring in 95.5% of patients (Table 3).
- The most common TRAEs were nausea (59.7%), neutropenia (49.3%), and anemia (44.8%) (Table 4)
- Gastrointestinal toxicities (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) were mainly low grade
- The most common Grade >=3 TRAE was neutropenia (29.9%).
- Hematological toxicities were dose-dependent, with the incidence of Grade 3-4 neutropenia and other cytopenias increasing at higher doses
- Thrombocytopenia was manageable, with clinical bleeding remaining rare, low grade, and not associated with major hemorrhagic events or coagulopathy
- Febrile neutropenia occurred in only one (1.5%) patient (Grade 4) at a dose of 2.8 mg/kg; no cases were reported at the RDE.
- One instance of interstitial lung disease (Grade 3) and two instances of pneumonitis (Grade 1 and Grade 2) have been observed to date.
- Six (9.0%) patients had TEAEs that resulted in treatment discontinuation.
Table 4. Common (>=10% of patients) TRAEs
n (%) | Overall (N=67) Any grade | Grade >=3
Nausea | 40 (59.7) | 1 (1.5)
Neutropenia* | 33 (49.3) | 20 (29.9)
Anemia | 30 (44.8) | 14 (20.9)
Decreased appetite | 24 (35.8) | 1 (1.5)
Fatigue | 24 (35.8) | 1 (1.5)
Leukopenia | 24 (35.8) | 9 (13.4)
Alopecia | 22 (32.8) | 0
Vomiting | 20 (29.9) | 2 (3.0)
Myalgia | 17 (25.4) | 0
Thrombocytopenia† | 15 (22.4) | 7 (10.4)
Lymphopenia | 13 (19.4) | 10 (14.9)
Stomatitis | 10 (14.9) | 1 (1.5)
Diarrhea | 10 (14.9) | 3 (4.5)
Weight decreased | 9 (13.4) | 0
Hypokalemia | 8 (11.9) | 0
Constipation | 7 (10.4) | 0
Hyponatremia | 7 (10.4) | 1 (1.5)
*Grouped term includes neutrophil count decreased, neutropenia, and febrile neutropenia. †Grouped term includes platelet count decreased and thrombocytopenia.
Clinical activity
- Across the intention-to-treat (ITT) population in the dose escalation cohorts (n=27), the unconfirmed ORR (uORR) was 11.1%, confirmed ORR (cORR) was 3.7%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 74.1% (Figure 2A)
- In patients with mCRC (n=16), uORR was 18.8%, cORR was 6.3%, and the DCR was 81.3%.
- In the ITT population in the NSCLC backfill cohorts (n=40), uORR was 40.0% (n=16), cORR was 30.0% (n=12), and the DCR was 85.0% (n=34) (Figure 2B)
- For 2.0 mg/kg (n=11), the uORR was 27.3%, cORR was 18.2%, and DCR was 63.6%
- For 2.6 mg/kg (n=29), the uORR was 44.8%, cORR was 34.5%, and the DCR was 93.1%.
Figure 2A. Best change in target lesion size by dose level and best response across all tumor types in the dose escalation phase
Figure 2B. Best change in target lesion size by dose level and best response in patients in the NSCLC backfill cohorts
Best response: PR | SD | PD; Treatment ongoing
PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease.
CONCLUSIONS
The MTD during dose escalation was 2.6 mg/kg based on the observed DLTs.
YL211-related toxicity was manageable, well tolerated, and as expected for a c-MET-targeted topoisomerase I inhibitor ADC.
Early efficacy was observed across all dose levels and across all solid tumors during dose escalation.
In addition, antitumor activity was demonstrated in the backfill cohorts at both tested dose levels in patients with squamous and non-squamous NSCLC.
SUMMARY
YL211 is an optimized ADC composed of a c-MET targeting monoclonal antibody linked to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (DAR 8) via the novel TMALIN platform
The TMALIN platform provides a highly plasma-stable linker to minimize premature payload release. The dual-cleavage linker allows for internalization-independent payload release directly in the tumor microenvironment, increasing the bystander effect
In this FIH phase I study, YL211 was well tolerated and demonstrated promising clinical activity across multiple tumor types
These data highlight the therapeutic potential of YL211 and support its ongoing clinical development across solid tumors, especially in NSCLC
Acknowledgments: MediLink Therapeutics and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd would like to thank all the patients, their families, the study investigators, and clinical site staff for their involvement in this study. This study was sponsored by MediLink Therapeutics. Third party medical writing assistance, under the direction of the authors, was provided by Rachel Dobb, PhD, and Rick Burgon, MRes, of Ashfield MedComms and was funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Biomarker data: NADIM II poster 2566P - post-surgical MRD and pCR after perioperative nivolumab
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥NADIM II: Post-Surgical Molecular Residual Disease and Pathological Complete Response After Perioperative Nivolumab in Resectable Stage III NSCLC: Exploratory Analysis
🎙️Dr. Pilar Mediavilla Medel
🔢2566P
🎯pCR Uniformly MRD-Negative With 5-Yr OS 95.7%, PFS 91.3%
🎯In Non-pCR, Detectable MRD Defined High-Risk Group (Median OS 22.3mo, PFS 10.4mo) vs Undetectable MRD (Not Reached)
☑️NCT03838159
🔗 https://t.co/6FnQtybdPM
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Post-surgical Molecular Residual Disease and Pathological Complete Response after Perioperative Nivolumab in Resectable Stage III NSCLC: Exploratory Analysis from NADIM II
FNP: 2566P
P. Mediavilla Medel, E. Nadal, C. Aguado de la Rosa, A. Martinez-Marti, R. Bernabe Caro, J. Bosch-Barrera, M. Lázaro Quintela, V. Calvo de Juan, M.A. Insa Mollá, S. Ponce Aix, N. Reguart, J. De Castro, B. Massuti Sureda, I. Macia Vidueira, F. Hernando, L. Romero Vielva, R. Serna-Blasco, A. Romero, M. Provencio Pulla
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Pathological complete response (pCR) is associated with excellent long-term outcomes after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patients without pCR (non-pCR) remain heterogeneous, and pathological response alone may not fully define relapse risk. Circulating tumor DNA–based (ctDNA) molecular residual disease (MRD) assessment after surgery may refine postoperative risk stratification. We explored the relationship between pCR, post-surgical MRD, and long-term survival in patients enrolled in NADIM II trial.
METHODS
Resectable stage IIIA-IIIB NSCLC
EXPERIMENTAL ARM: Nivolumab + Paclitaxel + Carboplatin (n=57) -> Nivolumab
CONTROL ARM: Paclitaxel + Carboplatin (n=29) -> Observation
GUARDANT REVEAL: Somatic mutation; Methylation profile
MRD positivo / MRD negativo
Pathological Response: pCR 0%; Non-pCR <10%, ≥10%
CONCLUSIONS
• pCR was uniformly associated with post-surgical MRD negativity and excellent 5-year survival.
• Among patients non-pCR, post-surgical MRD status refined prognosis: MRD negativity identified patients with favorable long-term outcomes, whereas detectable MRD defined a high-risk subgroup with early recurrence.
• These findings support integrating pathological response and post-surgical MRD assessment to guide future response-adapted strategies, including postoperative de-escalation and intensification.
RESULTS
Figure 1. ctDNA and MRD status by pCR.
Among resected patients with evaluable post-surgical MRD, all patients with pCR were MRD negative. In contrast, among patients without pCR, MRD was detected in 6 of 39 patients (15.4%), whereas 33 of 39 (84.6%) were MRD negative.
Post-surgery MRD (n = 58)
Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier curves for OS and PFS by pCR among resected patients in both arms.
HR: [illegible]
Patients with pCR had excellent long-term outcomes, with 5-year OS of 95.7% and 5-year PFS of 91.3%.
Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier curves for lung cancer-specific OS and PFS by pCR and post-surgical MRD status.
pCR - Not Detected; Non-pCR - Not Detected; Non-pCR - Detected
p < 0.001
Among patients non-pCR, those with undetectable MRD had median OS and PFS lung cancer-specific not reached; whereas those with detectable MRD had median OS and PFS lung cancer-specific of 22.3 and 10.4 months, respectively.
FUNDING: This study is funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Presented at the ESMO Congress 2026; October 23-27, 2026; Madrid, Spain
Great presentation by @AndrearicFili at #ESMO26, bringing the radiation oncology perspective to the debate on borderline resectable stage III NSCLC.
The key question: How do we ensure that every patient get effective curative-intent local treatment in the era of neoadjuvant chemo-IO?
Surgery or Ch-RT? Patient selection and multidisciplinary decision-making remain crucial!
#ESMOAmbassador #LungCancer #NSCLC
10:15 - 11:30 Borderline resectable, non-oncogene driven stage III NSCLC
CHAIRS: ELENA PRISCIANDARO, NIELS REINMUTH
Borderline Resectable Stage 3 NSCLC
Radio-Oncology Perspective
How many patients with stage 3 NSCLC don't receive surgery after neoadjuvant CT-IO?
Is CRT/RT feasible, safe, and effective following neoadjuvant CT-IO?
Are there any situations where CRT should be preferred due to the high risk of not receiving any curative-intent local therapy?
What are the implications for RO in delivering curative-intent thoracic RT after neoadjuvant CT-IO?
CADIZ AUDITORIUM - NCC
Narjust Florez, MD, FASCO@NarjustFlorezMD
Slide: Bispecific antibodies targeting immune checkpoints: characteristics and properties
Dr. Tina Cascone at #ESMO26 on the biology of novel immunotherapies.
Bispecific antibodies targeting two immune checkpoints may boost antitumor responses and help overcome resistance. Exciting science for thoracic oncology. https://t.co/d7Oy8ayBxT
BsAbs targeting ICs: Characteristics and properties
Bispecific
Antigen A Binding Site
Antigen B Binding Site
-Target two different antigens
-Ability to treat more complex diseases
-Allows more effective tumor cell killing
c
Tumour cell
CTLA4
PD-1
T cell
LAG3
TIGIT
TIM3
Antibody
CTLA4
PD-L1
T cell
Tumour cell
> The second IC can be located on the same T cell, tumor cell, or AP cell.
> Combination of ICs may improve efficacy, boost immune responses and overcome resistance.
> Immune-related toxicities may not overlap.
> Can restore activity of TILs and suppress Tregs, preventing thus T-cell exhaustion.
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD
Goebeler et al. Nat Rev. Clin Oncol 2024
Aya Mohamed | MSc, MD 🎗@Dr_Oncologista
1) Trial design schema: KANDLELIT-001 study design: calderasib +/- pembrolizumab + · 2) Safety data: KANDLELIT-001 summary of adverse events by arm · 3) Biomarker data: KANDLELIT-001 PFS: NSCLC arms and Arm 2 by PD-L1 TPS · 4) Response data: KANDLELIT-001 waterfall plots and response rates by arm
KANDLELIT-001 | #ESMO26
In 1L KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC, calderasib + pembrolizumab showed promising activity (ORR 72%; median PFS 28.9 months in PD-L1–positive disease).
Phase 1 findings require randomized validation before changing practice. 🫁
#LungCancer #NSCLC @OncoAlert https://t.co/zPav5uwqKJ
[Slide 1]
KANDLELIT-001: An ongoing open-label phase 1 study of calderasib as monotherapy or as part of combination therapy (arms with KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic NSCLC)
Key Eligibility Criteria (all arms)
- Age >= 18 years
- Histologic or blood-based confirmation of KRAS G12C mutation
- ECOG PS 0 or 1
- Measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
Arms 1 + 3 (N=271 all solid tumors; n=144 NSCLC): Calderasib Monotherapy 25-800 mg/d PO(a)
- Locally advanced unresectable or metastatic solid tumor
- >=1 prior systemic therapy for advanced disease
Arm 2 (N=136): Calderasib 25-400 mg/d PO(a) + Pembrolizumab(b)
- Metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 TPS >=1%
- No indication for EGFR-, ALK-, or ROS1-directed therapy as primary treatment
- No prior therapy for metastatic disease
Arm 4 (N=46): Calderasib 25-400 mg/d PO(a) + Pembrolizumab(b) + Chemotherapy(c)
- Metastatic NSCLC with any TPS(d)
- No indication for EGFR-, ALK-, or ROS1-directed therapy as primary treatment
- No prior therapy for metastatic disease
END POINTS
Primary: Incidence of DLTs, AEs, and AEs that led to discontinuation
Secondary: ORR and DOR per RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment; pharmacokinetics
Exploratory: PFS per RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment; KRAS G12C VAF and MSAF in ctDNA
(a)Calderasib: PO QD or BID for the total daily dose indicated. (b)Pembrolizumab: 200mg IV Q3W for up to 35 cycles. (c)Chemotherapy: carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve 5 mg/mL/min administered IV Q3W for 4 cycles and pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 IV Q3W. (d)PD-L1 testing was not required for enrollment, but archival or fresh tumor samples were submitted for each participant. MSAF, maximum somatic allele frequency; VAF, variant allele fraction.
[Slide 2]
Summary of adverse events
Treatment-related(a) AEs with incidence >=10%
Arms 1+3 Calderasib Monotherapy All Solid Tumors N=271: AST up 12, ALT up 11, Nausea 10, Diarrhea 10
Arm 2 Calderasib + Pembro 1L NSCLC with TPS >=1% N=136: AST up 35, ALT up 32, Pruritus 27, Diarrhea 18, Rash 15, Anemia 14, Nausea 13, ALP up 13
Arm 4 Calderasib + Pembro + Chemo 1L NSCLC; any TPS N=46: Anemia 48, ALT up 43, AST up 43, Nausea 39, Neutrophil down 37, Fatigue 35, WBC count down 30, Platelet count down 24, Appetite down 24, Lymphocyte count down 22, Pruritus 22, Neutropenia 17, Creatinine up 15, Rash 15, Diarrhea 13, Thrombocytopenia 13, GGT up 13, Constipation 13
| Arms 1+3 (N=271) | Arm 2 (N=136) | Arm 4 (N=46)
All AEs
Any grade AE, n (%) | 251 (93) | 131 (96) | 46 (100)
Grade 3 | 82 (30) | 53 (39) | 29 (63)
Grade 4 | 5 (2) | 10 (7) | 6 (13)
Grade 5 | 11 (4)(b) | 6 (4)(c) | 5 (11)(d)
Led to discontinuation of calderasib | 13 (5) | 13 (10) | 7 (15)
Led to discontinuation of pembrolizumab | N/A | 38 (28) | 17 (37)
Treatment-related(a) AEs
Any grade AE, n (%) | 164 (61) | 121 (89) | 45 (98)
Grade 3 | 20 (7) | 34 (25) | 27 (59)
Grade 4 | 1 (<1) | 5 (4) | 5 (11)
Grade 5 | 0 (0)(b) | 1 (1)(c) | 1 (2)(d)
Led to discontinuation of calderasib | 2 (1) | 6 (4) | 3 (7)
Led to discontinuation of pembrolizumab | N/A | 33 (24) | 14 (30)
| Arms 1+3 | Arm 2 | Arm 4
DLT-evaluable population(e) | N=107 | N=34 | N=46
Any DLT, n (%) | 1 (1) | 2 (6) | 5 (11)
ALT increased (grade 3) | 0 | 1 (3)(f) | 2 (4)(f)
AST increased (grade 3) | 0 | 1 (3)(f) | 1 (2)(f)
Colitis (grade 3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2)
Diarrhea (grade 3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2)
ECG QT prolonged (grade 3) | 1 (1) | 0 | 0
Nausea (grade 3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2)
Immune-mediated nephritis (grade 3) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0
(a)Determined by the investigator to be related to treatment. (b)Includes intestinal ischemia (n=2), pneumonia (n=2), and cardiorespiratory arrest, cardiopulmonary failure, cerebrovascular accident, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, condition aggravated, intestinal obstruction, and pain (n=1 each). None of these were treatment related. (c)Includes myocardial infarction (n=2), and bronchitis viral, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebrovascular accident, myelosuppression, platelet count decreased, and pneumonia fungal (n=1 each). One participant had treatment-related grade 5 myelosuppression and platelet count decreased. (d)Includes acute respiratory distress syndrome, brain injury, immune-mediated myositis, respiratory tract infection, ventricular tachycardia (n=1 each). One participant had treatment-related grade 5 immune-mediated myositis. (e)Per protocol, includes participants in the DLT-evaluation period during dose escalation. (f)One participant in arm 2 and one participant in arm 4 experienced grade 3 increases in both ALT and AST.
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; N/A, not applicable.
Data cutoff date: 22 July 2026
[Slide 3]
Progression-free survival(a)
Participants with NSCLC (Arms 1 + 3, 2, and 4)
12-mo rate: 71% / 66% / 40%
6-mo rate: 86% / 82% / 62%
No. at risk (0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45 mo)
Arm 2 | 122 | 95 | 69 | 53 | 40 | 26 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 2
Arm 4 | 46 | 37 | 30 | 21 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
Arms 1 + 3 NSCLC | 103 | 43 | 15 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0
| Pts With Event | Median PFS (95% CI)
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS >=1%) | 45/122 (37%) | 28.8 (20.6-NR)
Arm 4 Calderasib + pembro + chemo (1L NSCLC; any TPS) | 24/46 (52%) | 17.6 (10.5-26.3)
Arms 1 + 3 Calderasib monotherapy (advanced NSCLC) | 49/103 (48%) | 8.3 (6.0-16.4)
Participants in Arm 2 by PD-L1 TPS
12-mo rate: 76% / 65%
6-mo rate: 90% / 80%
No. at risk (0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45 mo)
TPS >=50% | 64 | 54 | 43 | 36 | 28 | 17 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 0
TPS 1%-49% | 58 | 41 | 26 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2
| Pts With Event | Median PFS (95% CI)
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS >=50%) | 22/64 (34%) | 34.4 (21.8-NR)
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS 1%-49%) | 23/58 (40%) | 25.1 (10.5-NR)
(a)By investigator review per RECIST v1.1; includes all participants with >=1 postbaseline imaging assessment and who were first dosed >=14 weeks before the date of data cutoff.
Data cutoff date: 22 July 2026
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (investigator, RECIST v1.1)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS >=1%) | 122 | 28.8 | 20.6-NR
Arm 4 Calderasib + pembro + chemo (1L NSCLC; any TPS) | 46 | 17.6 | 10.5-26.3
Arms 1 + 3 Calderasib monotherapy (advanced NSCLC) | 103 | 8.3 | 6.0-16.4
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS >=50%) | 64 | 34.4 | 21.8-NR
Arm 2 Calderasib + pembro (1L NSCLC with TPS 1%-49%) | 58 | 25.1 | 10.5-NR
Landmark rates:
6 mo: Arm 2 86% | Arm 4 82% | Arms 1 + 3 NSCLC 62% | Arm 2 TPS >=50% 90% | Arm 2 TPS 1%-49% 80%
12 mo: Arm 2 71% | Arm 4 66% | Arms 1 + 3 NSCLC 40% | Arm 2 TPS >=50% 76% | Arm 2 TPS 1%-49% 65%
[Slide 4]
Best change from baseline in target lesion size(a)
Arms 1 + 3: Calderasib Monotherapy | NSCLC Only (N=103)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 35 (26-45)
Median TTR (range), months | 1.4 (1.2-8.4)
Median DOR (range), months | 16.8 (1.2+ to 36.1+)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 78 (68-85)
Arm 4: Calderasib + Pembro + Chemo | Total (N=46)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 65 (50-79)
Median TTR (range), months | 1.5 (1.2-18.1)
Median DOR (range), months | 19.4 (1.9+ to 27.4+)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 89 (76-96)
Arms 2: Calderasib + Pembro (TPS >=1%) | Total (N=122) | TPS 1%-49% (n=58) | TPS >=50% (n=64)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 71 (62-78) | 55 (42-68) | 84 (73-92)
Median TTR (range), months | 1.4 (1.2-10.3) | 1.4 (1.2-4.2) | 1.4 (1.2-10.3)
Median DOR (range), months | 33.0 (1.2+ to 45.3+) | 26.2 (1.4+ to 45.3+) | NR (1.2+ to 36.2+)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 93 (87-97) | 91 (81-97) | 94 (85-98)
(a)By investigator review per RECIST v1.1; waterfall plots include all participants with >=1 postbaseline imaging assessment. ORR and DCR included participants who were first dosed >=14 weeks before the date of data cutoff. TTR and DOR included participants with >=1 confirmed complete or partial response. DCR, disease control rate; DOR, duration of response; NR, not reached; ORR, objective response rate; TTR, time to response.
Data cutoff date: 22 July 2026
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: The Evolution of Oncology Drug Development: Past, Present, and Future (Christian Rolfo) · 2) Biomarker data: Can ctDNA Integration Overcome the Limitations of RECIST? Surrogate · 3) Slide: Project Optimus - FDA dose optimization paradigm (Christian Rolfo) · 4) Slide: My elevator pitch - liquid biopsy in early drug development (Christian Rolfo)
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Educationnal Session
🔥 Challenge your Expert
🎯Use of liquid biopsies in early drug development: Are we ready for it?
🎙️ @ChristianRolfo
🔗 https://t.co/S4migpZsAn
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC #LiquidBiopsy https://t.co/Lq55rfpjiJ
[Slide 1]
The Evolution of Oncology Drug Development: Past, Present, and Future
a
Past: Drugs -> Which patients respond best?
Current and future: Determine molecular profile of the patient's tumour -> Determine which drugs are most appropriate
b
Past - Cytotoxic chemotherapies: PK, PD, Efficacy, Toxicity MTD
Current and future - Molecular targeted therapies: Efficacy, Predictive biomarkers, PD, PK, Toxicity MTD, Intermediate end-point biomarkers, Other molecular biomarkers
[illustrations of pills and patient figures; bubble diagrams]
Christian Rolfo, MD, PhD, MBA, Dr.hc.
[Slide 2]
Can ctDNA Integration Overcome the Limitations of RECIST?
Hypothesis testing using intermediate end points of clinical response
Surrogate Endpoints in Oncology Trials
Columns: Endpoint | Events | Measures | Surveillance
True clinical endpoint: Overall Survival | Deaths | Death certificates | Patient contact
Traditional surrogate endpoint: Disease-free Survival | Deaths Disease Status | Imaging, blood test, BM biopsy, etc. (RECIST, IMWG) | Routine examinations (SOC, standard processes)
Novel Surrogate Endpoint: MRD | MRD Status | PSA, MRD, ctDNA, etc. | Study specific Treatment specific Outside of routine examination
FDA-AACR Workshop. 2025
Christian Rolfo, MD, PhD, MBA, Dr.hc.
[Slide 3]
Project Optiums- FDA
Traditional Paradigm
Pre-clinical -> Early stage -> Maximum Tolerated Dose -> Late stage -> Benefit / Risk
Project Optimus - informed
Nonclinical Pharmacology -> Dose Escalation -> Dose Optimization -> Dose Confirmation -> Benefit / Risk
MIDD & ToE -> Benefit/Risk vs. Standard-of-Care
Optimus, prioritizes dose selection based on the totality of evidence rather than just maximum tolerated dose.
Gao et al, CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol. 2024;13:691–709.
Christian Rolfo, MD, PhD, MBA, Dr.hc.
[Slide 4]
My elevator pitch
"The future of early drug development is not just about developing new therapies faster, but about making smarter decisions earlier. Liquid biopsy can turn molecular insights into more efficient trials and better outcomes for our patients."
[illustration of two people in an elevator]
Christian Rolfo, MD, PhD, MBA, Dr.hc.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 2575P - phase II iza-bren (izalontamab brengitecan) plus osimertinib in first-line
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Phase II Study of Izalontamab Brengitecan (Iza-Bren) Plus Osimertinib in Patients With EGFR Mutant Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
🎙️Dr. Fei Zhou
🔢2575P
🎯At 2.5mg/kg (n=40, 22.8-Mo Follow-Up): ORR 100%, cORR 97.5%, 18-Mo PFS 92.2%, mPFS/mDOR Not Reached
🎯Overall (n=154) ORR 86.4%; ILD 1.3%
☑️NCT05880706
🔗 https://t.co/7cTrjcAWZ5
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Slide: LBA65 abstract: CTONG 1804 Part 3 surgical conversion after induction chemoimmunotherapy in stage
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥CTONG 1804 Part 3: Surgical Conversion and Survival Outcomes After Induction Chemoimmunotherapy in Potentially Resectable or Unresectable Stage III NSCLC: Preliminary Results From the Prospective Phase II Study
🎙️Dr. Yi Pan
🔢LBA65
🎯48.8% Underwent Surgery (n=215); R0 98.1%
🎯pCR 48.6%, MPR 64.8%, 12-Mo EFS 84.6%
🎯CRT Group 12-Mo EFS 66.7%
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
TROP2 ADC + antiPD1 BAT8008 + BAT1308 first line nonAGA; n104(China only); ORR 61% (83% in PDL1 high); looks better in non squamous. Interesting non chemo front line options? #ESMO26 https://t.co/aVg2Dmh0fz
Efficacy by Histology
• The efficacy spider plot demonstrates that the majority of patients exhibited target lesion shrinkage at their first evaluation, and maintained tumor control across subsequent assessments.
• Patients across different histology types all demonstrated a PFS benefit. Median PFS was 12.42 (6.67-NE) monthes, with 7.72 months in patients with squamous NSCLC and was not reached in patients with non-squamous NSCLC.
Figure 3. Depth and durability of response by histology
[Spider plot] Histology: Squamous (N=50); Non-squamous (N=45). y-axis: Change in target-lesion sum from baseline (%); x-axis: Time from first dose (months)
Figure 4. Progression-free survival by histology
Median PFS (months)
Population | N | mPFS | 95% CI
All-comer | 98 | 12.42 | 6.67–NE
Squamous | 52 | 7.72 | 5.26–NE
Non-squamous | 46 | NR | 7.89–NE
Number at risk (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 months)
All-comer: 98 68 35 21 8 0
Squamous: 52 38 15 10 3 0
Non-squamous: 46 30 20 11 5 0
Date cutoff: Sep 22, 2026
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by histology (BAT8008 + BAT1308, 1L NSCLC, single arm)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
All-comer | 98 | 12.42 months | 6.67-NE
Squamous | 52 | 7.72 months | 5.26-NE
Non-squamous | 46 | NR | 7.89-NE
Cecilia Pompili MD PhD FACS@pompili_cecilia
Slide: HER-LUNG study e-poster 3504eP on young women with lung cancer in the UK, with study team
📣 #ESMO26 | HER-LUNG UK
Proud to present our research on the experiences and unmet needs of younger women with lung cancer in 🇬🇧
Building on these findings, HER-ALERT aims to improve earlier recognition of lung cancer in younger women who have never smoked.
Grateful to the @Roy_Castle_Lung for funding HER-LUNG UK and supporting this important research.
Thanks to co-investigators @Yvonne_Diaz_ @NarjustFlorezMD Dr Florien Boele and @KathrynBanfill Dr Gordon and all the patients and caregivers who partecipated
#ESMO26 #HERLUNG #HERALERT #LungCancer #HYMS
@HullYorkMed
@myESMO
Young Women's Needs and Preferences during the Lung Cancer Journey in the UK: the HER-LUNG Study
ESMO 2026
FPN: 3504eP
BACKGROUND
METHODS
15 women
4 MSPs
18–55 years
Semi-structured interviews with 15 women diagnosed with lung cancer and 4 main support persons (1 male, 3 female). Data were analysed using codebook thematic analysis.
KEY MESSAGE
Recognition, life-stage burden and self-advocacy were interconnected. Younger women and their families often carried substantial practical, emotional and navigational work across the lung cancer journey.
RESULTS — THREE INTERCONNECTED THEMES
1 Delayed Recognition and Response
2 Burden of Holding Life Together
3 The Value of Self-Advocacy
"The first GP said, 'What do you want me to do about it?' Not very helpful."
"I ran the house... now have to ask for help and I hate asking."
CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Earlier recognition
Communication
Biomarkers
Psychosocial care
Equity
Jordi Remon@JordiRemon
Biomarker data: FLAURA2 ctDNA analysis — PFS osi + plat-pem vs osi mono by Week 3 and 6 plasma EGFRm
70% of pts in FLAURA2 have ctDNA+ at baseline. PFS was ⬆️ with addition of CT regardless of ctDNA status and clearance. The ctDNA is prognostic and upfront intensif TTx should be our SoC in EGFRm NSCLC and not role for upfront de intensification Ttx if no poor Px marker #ESMO26 https://t.co/z2QRVKp75m
☝🏼#ESMO26 Targeted therapies: toxicity is not just about the drug — context matters.
💥 Key pearls from @NReguart:
• PD-(L)1 → osimertinib: severe irAEs 15%; G≥3 pneumonitis 10%
• PD-(L)1 → sotorasib: G≥3 hepatotoxicity strongly ↑ with short washout
• KRASi + IO: feasible, but toxicity varies markedly across agents
• Dose modification is not = treatment failure
@OncoAlert @OncoReporte @myESMO @_SEOM @GrupoMelanoma
Hypothesis
Four design choices that SETHY and NCT07068542 leave open
1. Immunotherapy partner
Evidence: ATC escapes while target shrink; PD-1 alone 19%, lenvatinib + pembrolizumab 36-52%; DTC combination data point the same way
Design: ADC + PD-1, 7.5 mg/kg as in SURE-02, with primary G-CSF
2. Lineage and grade as selection criteria
Evidence: PTC 13.5 vs FTC 3.9 mo; PDTC 5.4 mo; differentiated high-grade carcinoma not enrolled
Design: BRAF V600E or RET/NTRK fusion in, RAS out; a high-grade cohort; classical PTC on a PFS endpoint
3. Biomarkers on the mandatory biopsy
Evidence: H-score non-discriminative; the deepest PTC response had an H-score < 100
Design: central TROP2 with Ki-67, TOP1 and SLFN11 pre-specified; confirmed responses; 6-weekly imaging for ATC
4. Neoadjuvant intent: R status as endpoint impractical recruitment ?
Evidence: NCT07068542 adds an R0/R1 endpoint; dabrafenib-trametinib already bridges ATC to surgery
Design: locally advanced ATC and high-grade DTC, ADC + PD-1 to resection; R0/R1 and pathological response
A Simon design with a confirmed-response endpoint needs a cohort that can respond: lineage and grade first, then antigen.
Garcia-Alvarez ESMO 2026 (4209O); NCT07068542 protocol v4.0 and SAP v1.0 (Dec 2025); SURE-01 (Necchi JCO 2026); SURE-02 (NCT registry); Hamidi Thyroid 2026; Dierks ESMO 2022; Toda Cancers 2022; Zoppoli PNAS 2012; Bible ATA ATC guideline 2021.
Tiago Lopes Nunes da Silva, MD - IPO Lisboa
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: Mitsudomi: studies on conversion surgery in unresectable/borderline resectable stage III · 2) Slide: Mitsudomi: can RT wait until after upfront immunochemotherapy? · 3) Trial design schema: Mitsudomi: current vs potential future strategy for localized NSCLC · 4) Trial design schema: Mitsudomi: a sense of balance in clinical decision-making (MDT schema)
[Slide 1]
Studies on conversion surgery strategies in initially deemed unresectable or borderline resectable, stage III NSCLC
Trial | Author Year | Eligibility | N | Neoadjuvant tx | Treatment | N(%) Conversion rate | R0 | MPR | pCR | EFS | OS
Retrospective studies
NA | Deng Ann Surg2022 | Unresectable stage IIIB | 51 | IO+CTx | Surgery | 31(61%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | Median 27.5m | N/A
| | | | | RT | N/A | | | | N/A | N/A
NA | Wang, Clin Lung Cancer 2024 | Unresectable stage III | 113 | IO+CTx (various) x 2-4 | Surgery | 79(70%) | 99% | 56% | 32% | 72%@2y | 85%@2y
| | | | | RT | NA | | | | N/A | N/A
NA | Qi Scientific Rep 2025 | potentially resectable but unsuited for R0 resection | 148 | IO+CTx (various) x 2-4 | Surgery | 102(69%) | 100% | 65% | 41% | 78%@2y | 87%@2y
| | | | | RT | 40(27%) | | | | N/A | N/A
NA | Ricciuti JAMA Oncol 2025 | T4 and/or N2-N3 (T4 33%, N3 5%) | 112 | IO+CTx | Surgery | 84(75%) | 95% | 42% | 29% | Median 53m | N/A
| | | | | RT | 28(25%) | | | | 15m | N/A
NA | Wang Transl Lung Cancer Res 2025 | Resectable III | 171 | Various IO+CTx | Surgery | 147(86%) | 100% | 52% | 28% | 66%@3y | 89%@3y
| | Unresectable | 469 | | | 278(59%) | 99.6% | 60% | 36% | 75%@3y | 91%@3y
Prospective studies
TRAILBLAZER NCT04580498 | Zhou Cancer Cell 2024 | Unresectable stage III | 107 | SHR-1701 (+CT ) | Surgery | 27(25%) | 100% | 44% | 26% | 74%@18m | N/A
| | | | | RT | 59(55%) | | | | 57%@18m | N/A
PeriSCOPE ChiCTR2000040673 | Yu 2025 | High probability of radical resection, IIIB | 30 | Sintilimab+CBDCA+ pemetrexed(adeno) or +Pac/nabPAC(non adeno) x2 | Surgery | 27(90%) | 96% | 44% | 22% | 43%@3y | 70%@3y
| | | | | RT | NA | | | | NA | NA
PANDA-1 | Liu WCLC 2026 | Unresectable stage III (T4, multiple/bulky N2,3 | 55 | Tislelizumab+ nabPAC+Ptx 2-4 | Surgery | 43(78%) | 95% | 79% | 49% | N/A | N/A
| | | | | RT | 5(9%) | | | | N/A | N/A
MDT-Bridge NCT05925530 | Reck WCLC 2026 | 92 Resectable and 50 borderline stage IIIB-C | 142 | Durvalumab+CT | Surgery | 106(75%) | 96% | N/A | 23% | 89%@1y | N/A
| | | | | RT | 25(18%) | | | | N/A | N/A
Tetsuya Mitsudomi, MD, PhD
[Slide 2]
Can radiotherapy safely wait until after upfront immunochemotherapy?
Real-world multicenter retrospective study with PS matching
Li et al., Lung Cancer 2026
PFS (PSM adjusted PFS)
Median Progression-free Survival, mo (95% CI)
ADJ : 16.3 (13.4 to 20.4)
NEO : 29.3 (22.0 to NR)
HR (95% CI), 0.53 (0.37 to 0.74)
Log-rank P < .001
Neo IO+CT->CRT (N=154)
CRT->IO(N=101)
OS (PSM adjusted OS)
Median Overall Survival, mo (95% CI)
ADJ : 41.1 (26.5 to NR)
NEO : NR (NR to NR)
HR (95% CI), 0.47 (0.28 to 0.78)
Log-rank P = .003
Prospective clinical trials that tested neoadjuvant immuno(chemo)therapy followed by cCRT for unresectable NSCLC
Trial | Author | Phase | N | Stage, etc. | Treatment | 1Y PFS(%) | mPFS months | 1Y OS(%) | mOS months
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy followed by radiation (ICI -> CT RT -> ICI)
SPRINT NCT 03523702 | Ohri JCO 2023 | 2 | 25 | II/III PD-L1>=50% | Pembro x3 ->RT(55Gy) ->Pembro (1Y) | 76 | 26 | 92 | NR
AFT-16 NCT03102242 | Ross JAMA Oncol 2024 | 2 | 62 | III | Atezo x4 ->cCRT(60Gy)->Atezo(1Y) | 68.9 / 76.2 (from end of RT) | 30 | 87 / 95.5(from end of RT) | NR
Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy followed by radiation (ICI CT -> CT RT -> ICI)
APOLO NCT04776447 | Provencio WCLC 2024 | 2 | 38 | IIIA-IIIC | Atezo+PC x3 ->cCRT(66Gy) ->Atezo (1Y) | 68.4 / 68.9 (from end of RT) | 20.8 | 86.8 | NR
PACIFIC-BRAZIL/ LACOG2218 NCT04230408 | William WCLC 2024 | 2 | 49 | III | Durva+PC x2->cCRT(60Gy) +Durva ->Durva (x12) | 68.1 / 66.4 (from consolidation ) | NR | 81.2 | NR
GASTO-1091/ CA209-7AL NCT04085250 | Liu ASCO 2024 | Rnd 2 | ITT 264 | III | Nivo+CisDoc ->cCRT(54-64Gy) | Rnd N=172 | Nivo (1Y) | 72.6 | NR | 83.3 | NR
| | | | | | | Obs | 52.5 | 12.2 | 69.6 | NR
InTRist/ GCOG0074 NCT05888402 | Wang ASCO 2025 | Rnd 2 | 50 | III (T>=5cm or N>=2cm) | Rnd | Toripa+Platinum doublet x2 -> cCRT(60-66Gy) ->T(1Y) | 85.6 | NR
| | | | | | Platinum doublet x2 | 54.5 | 12.4
cCRT followed by maintenance IO (for comparison) (CT RT -> ICI)
PACIFIC NCT02125461 | Spigel JCO 2022 | 3 | 713 | III non PD after cCRT | Rnd(2:1) | D (1Y) | 55.7 | 16.9 | 83.1 | 47.5
| | | | | | Placebo | 34.5 | 5.6 | 74.6 | 29.1
PC: paclitaxel + carboplatin, CisDoc: cisplatin + docetaxel, cCRT: concurrent chemoradiation. NR: not reached, Rnd 2: randomized phase 2, Rnd: randomization
[Slide 3]
Current and potential future strategy for localized NSCLC without AGA
Current Standard of Care
Stage II-III NSCLC Without AGA -> MDT review
Unresectable -> CT RT -> ICI
Resectable -> CT ICI -> Surg -> ICI
Potential Future Strategy
To be validated in prospective trials
Stage II-III NSCLC Without AGA -> CT ICI -> MDT review
Unresectable -> CT RT -> ICI
Resectable -> Surg -> ICI
Tetsuya Mitsudomi, MD, PhD
[Slide 4]
A sense of balance is essential in clinical decision-making
Favorable outcome <-> Unfavorable outcome
Resectability: <=T3 / Single N2 / Lobectomy / oExperienced surgical team <-> T4 / multiple N2, N3 / Pneumonectomy / broncho/angioplasty / Inexperienced team
Operability: Good PS / Young / No comorbidity / Fit / Autoimmune disease/ILD absent <-> poor PS / Elderly / comorbidity present / Unfit / present
Biomarker: PD-L1 high / Actionable driver (EGFR/ALK) absent <-> PD-L1 low or absent
Multidisciplinary Team (MDT): Medical Oncologist, Radiation Oncologist, Pathologist, Physiotherapist, Nurse, Pharmacist, Radiologist, Pulmonologist, Thoracic Surgeon
Patient Preference
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Biomarker data: 313P poster: digital (Lunit SCOPE AI) vs manual PD-L1 TPS concordance in surgical
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM #AI
🔥A Large-Scale Concordance Comparing Digital and Manual PD-L1 Scoring Using Surgical Specimens of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the LC-SCRUM-Advantage/MRD Study
🎙️Dr. Yoshitaka Zenke
🔢313P
🎯Pathologist–AI Concordance 73% (κ=0.58; n=993)
🎯Lower for TPS<1% (51%) Than 1–49% (95%) and ≥50% (80%), and Lower in Squamous Than Adenocarcinoma
🎯Most Discordant Cases AI-Called 1–10%
🔗 https://t.co/V8e15hW8T7
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
313P
A large-scale concordance comparing digital and manual PD-L1 scoring using surgical specimens of non-small cell lung cancer in the LC-SCRUM-Advantage/MRD study.
Yoshitaka Zenke, Kiyotaka Yoh, Kotaro Nomura, Takafumi Hashimoto, Toshio Kasugai, Shingo Miyamoto, Akira Yura, Tomohiro Maniwa, Hiroshi Saijo, Mayu Kawakami, Tetsuya Sakai, Hiroki Izumi, Hibiki Udagawa, Eri Sugiyama, Shingo Matsumoto, Soohyun Hwang, Tetsuro Taki, Keiju Aokage, Koichi Goto
Background
- Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a useful biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced lung cancer. However, pathologists' manual evaluation of PD-L1 expression has practical limitations, including observer bias.
- We previously compared programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) using biopsy specimens between pathologists and an artificial intelligence (AI).
- In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of the concordance between a pathologist and AI analyzers in the evaluation of PD-L1 TPS using surgical specimens.
Methods
- This multicenter prospective observational study (LC-SCRUM-Advantage/MRD) included patients with stage I to III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between August 2023 and November 2025; a total of 1,000 lung cancer patients were enrolled.
- PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) was assessed in lung surgical specimens, by using a PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx and scanned at ×40 magnification using a whole-slide images scanner (Hamamatsu Photonics).
- The results of PD-L1 TPS were evaluated independently by a lung pathologist trained in IHC assessment of PD-L1 expression.
- We examined an AI-powered PD-L1 analyzer, namely Lunit SCOPE PD-L1 (Figure 1).
- Manual PD-L1 assessment requires at least 100 viable tumor cells, whereas AI evaluated a mean of approximately 289,000 tumor cells per case.
Table 1: Characteristics of Patients
Characteristics | n | (%)
No. of patients | 1000 |
Age | Median (range) | 60 (27-94)
Sex | Male | 591 | 59
Sex | Female | 409 | 41
Histology | Adeno (Ad) | 751 | 75
Histology | Squamous (Sq) | 182 | 18
Histology | Others | 67 | 7
Pathological stage | I | 662 | 66
Pathological stage | II | 199 | 20
Pathological stage | III | 139 | 14
Smoking status | Ever | 700 | 70
Smoking status | Never | 300 | 30
Surgical procedure | Lobectomy | 741 | 74
Surgical procedure | Sublobar resection | 256 | 26
Neoadjuvant therapy | Yes | 15 | 2
Neoadjuvant therapy | No | 985 | 98
Table 2. Concordance rate of AI- and pathologist-assessed PD-L1 TPS in NSCLC.
N (%) | Pathologist TPS (N=993): < 1% | 1-49 % | ≥ 50%
AI-TPS < 1% | 216 (51%) | 10 (3%) | 0 (0%)
AI-TPS 1-49 % | 209 (49%) | 359 (95%) | 37 (20%)
AI-TPS ≥ 50% | 2 (0.4%) | 8 (2%) | 152 (80%)
Overall concordance in 3 groups: 73%
Table 3. Concordance rate of AI- and pathologist PD-L1 TPS in Ad.
N (%) | Pathologist TPS (N=751): < 1% | 1-49 % | ≥ 50%
AI-TPS < 1% | 198 (54%) | 9 (3%) | 0 (0%)
AI-TPS 1-49 % | 164 (45%) | 261 (95%) | 27 (25%)
AI-TPS ≥ 50% | 2 (0.5%) | 6 (2%) | 79 (75%)
Overall concordance in 3 groups: 72%
Table 4. Concordance rate of AI- and pathologist PD-L1 TPS in Sq.
N (%) | Pathologist TPS (N=182): < 1% | 1-49 % | ≥ 50%
AI-TPS < 1% | 7 (16%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%)
AI-TPS 1-49 % | 35 (83%) | 79 (99%) | 7 (12%)
AI-TPS ≥ 50% | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 51 (88%)
Overall concordance in 3 groups: 75%
Figure 5. AI PD-L1 TPS classification as TPS <1% by a pathologist: NSCLC (n = 427) N = 420 (98%); Adeno (n = 364) N = 358 (98%); Squamous (n = 42) N = 41 (98%)
SUMMARY
- The concordance rate in PD-L1 TPS using surgical specimens between a pathologist and an AI analyzer was lower in PD-L1 <1% than in the ≥50/1-49%, and it was even lower in Sq than in Adeno.
- Discordance was largely confined to the low PD-L1 range, with 98% of pathologist-defined TPS <1% tumors showing AI TPS <10%.
- Further clinical studies should evaluate whether these discordant results affect clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that an AI TPS cutoff of <10% may better correspond to pathologist-defined PD-L1 negativity (<1%).
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: AI in biomedical research and healthcare · 2) Slide: ESMO Guidance on the Use of Large Language Models in Clinical Practice (ELCAP) · 3) Slide: AI in a European hospital
🆙#ESMO26 #LCSM Educational Sesssion
🔥 Transforming oncology with generative AI and autonomous tools
🎯Generative AI, LLMs and AI agents in oncology
🎙️ @jnkath
🔗 https://t.co/xCqyWV2q8Y
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO https://t.co/88NOkcCSmo
[Slide 1]
AI in biomedical research and healthcare
nature reviews cancer | Review article
A guide to artificial intelligence for cancer researchers
Raquel Perez-Lopez, Narmin Ghaffari Laleh, Faisal Mahmood & Jakob Nikolas Kather
2000s: Classical Machine learning methods
2010s: Single-purpose Deep learning models (No cancer / Cancer)
2020: Foundation models trained with self-supervised learning (Foundation model → Downstream models)
2023: Generalist models (e.g. large language models) (Generalist model → Predicted drug response / Cancer type and subtype / Radiology assessment)
2025: AI agents (User query / input → LLM → Contextual understanding)
Single task models | Multi task models | Autonomy
Perez-Lopez et al., Nat Rev Cancer, 2024, https://t.ly/sTgCX
[Slide 2]
ESMO Guidance on the Use of Large Language Models in Clinical Practice (ELCAP)
Type 1 Patient-facing AI systems: Symptom Queries / Patient Education / Lifestyle Tracking
Type 2 HCP-facing AI systems: Clinical Decision Support / Multilingual Communication / Education and Training
Type 3 Background AI systems: Data Extraction / Background Alert Systems
Which evidence is required? ESMO EVALLM, work in progress
Wong et al., Annals of Oncology (2025)
Slide 7 www.kather.ai KATHER LAB
[Slide 3]
AI in a European hospital
Data architecture: Access to all clinical data for training & real time deployment
AI applications / Clinical Data Repository / Primary clinical systems (EHR, PACS, ...)
GPU compute on premise or in the Cloud
Substantial demand for inference, and much more demand when models are also trained
AI-friendly governance and effective administration
AI can be deployed in a safe and compliant way
GDPR / EU AI act / MDR are navigable
Slide 15 www.kather.ai KATHER LAB
#3842P
Ifinatamab deruxtecan (I-DXd) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: IDeate-Lung01 updated results
Myung-Ju Ahn, Melissa L. Johnson, Luis Paz-Ares, Makoto Nishio, Christine L. Hann, Nicolas Girard, Pedro Rocha, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Tetsuya Sakai, Yu Jung Kim, Haichuan Hu, Meng Qian, Cecilio Roi Garcia, Juliette Godard, Mei Tang, Charles M. Rudin
OBJECTIVE
• To provide updated efficacy and safety results from patients with previously treated ES-SCLC who received I-DXd 12 mg/kg in the Phase 2 IDeate-Lung01 study (NCT05280470), with an additional 6 months of follow-up from the primary analysis
• Results are presented for the total 12-mg/kg group (N=137) and for subgroups of patients who received I-DXd 12 mg/kg as either 2L (n=32) or 3L+ (n=105) therapy
CONCLUSIONS
• With 6 months of additional follow-up from the primary analysis, I-DXd 12 mg/kg continued to demonstrate remarkable efficacy in patients with previously treated ES-SCLC
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, cORR was 48.9% (95% CI, 40.3–57.6), mPFS was 5.1 months (95% CI, 4.2–5.5), and mOS was 10.4 months (95% CI, 9.1–12.4)
• Efficacy was particularly encouraging in the 2L subgroup, with numerical improvements observed in cORR, mDOR, mPFS, and mOS compared with the primary analysis
• The safety profile was consistent with prior data, with no new safety signals identified
• These results further support I-DXd as a promising novel therapy for patients with ES-SCLC in the 2L+ setting
• I-DXd is being further investigated in the ongoing global Phase 3 IDeate-Lung02 study (NCT06203210), which is comparing the efficacy and safety of I-DXd 12 mg/kg versus physician's choice of therapy in patients with ES-SCLC with disease progression on or after one prior platinum-based regimen
INTRODUCTION
• Despite recent advancements in 2L+ treatment options for patients with ES-SCLC, outcomes remain poor, and there is still no globally accepted standard of care
• Furthermore, existing chemotherapeutic options are associated with clinically relevant hematologic toxicities, and tarlatamab is associated with CRS and ICANS
• I-DXd, a B7-H3–directed ADC designed to enhance selective tumor-cell death and reduce systemic exposure, comprises a humanized anti–B7-H3 IgG1 mAb, a tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker, and a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (DXd)
• In the primary analysis of the Phase 2 IDeate-Lung01 study (data cutoff: March 3, 2025), I-DXd 12 mg/kg demonstrated a cORR of 48.2%, mPFS of 4.9 months, and mOS of 10.3 months, as well as a manageable safety profile, in 137 patients with previously treated ES-SCLC
• We present updated results from these patients, with an additional 6 months of follow-up from the primary analysis
METHODS
• IDeate-Lung01 (NCT05280470) is a Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, open-label study (Figure 1)
• Patients with histologically or cytologically documented ES-SCLC who were previously treated with ≥1 line of PBC and ≤3 lines of systemic therapy were eligible
• This analysis included patients who received I-DXd 12 mg/kg IV Q3W in either the dose-optimization or extension parts of the study
Figure 1. IDeate-Lung01 study design
Part 1: Dose optimization: R 1:1 Arm 1: I-DXd 8 mg/kg IV Q3W n=46; Arm 2: I-DXd 12 mg/kg IV Q3W n=42
Part 2: Extension: I-DXd 12 mg/kg IV Q3W n=95
Primary endpoints • ORR by BICR
RESULTS
• At the September 3, 2025 data cutoff, a total of 137 patients had received I-DXd 12 mg/kg as either 2L (n=32) or 3L+ (n=105) treatment
• At data cutoff, 5 (3.6%) patients remained on treatment and 132 (96.4%) had discontinued treatment (PD, n=92 [67.2%]; AE, n=18 [13.1%]; death, n=10 [7.3%]; clinical progression, n=8 [5.8%]; patient withdrawal, n=4 [2.9%])
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, median follow-up was 18.6 months (95% CI, 18.0–19.2), and median treatment duration was 4.8 months (range, 0.7–29.0)
– 2L subgroup: median follow-up, 18.7 months (95% CI, 17.1–NE); median treatment duration, 5.6 months (range, 0.7–19.8)
– 3L+ subgroup: median follow-up, 18.6 months (95% CI, 17.8–19.2); median treatment duration, 4.5 months (range, 0.7–29.0)
Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics (Total 12 mg/kg N=137)
Age, median (range), years 63 (34–79)
Brain metastases at baseline by BICR, n (%) 52 (38.0)
Median number of prior lines of systemic therapy (range) 2 (1–3)
Prior anti–PD-(L)1 therapy, n (%) 111 (81.0)
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, cORR was 48.9% (95% CI, 40.3–57.6), and DCR was 87.6% (95% CI, 80.9–92.6; Figure 2)
– 2L subgroup: cORR, 59.4% (95% CI, 40.6–76.3); DCR, 96.9% (95% CI, 83.8–99.9)
– 3L+ subgroup: cORR, 45.7% (95% CI, 36.0–55.7); DCR, 84.8% (95% CI, 76.4–91.0)
• In 11 patients previously treated with DLL3-targeting T-cell engagers, cORR was 72.7% (95% CI, 39.0–94.0), comprising 1 CR and 7 PRs
Figure 2. Best percentage change from baseline in sum of lesion diameters by BICR by LOT (Total 12 mg/kg N=137 | 2L n=32 | 3L+ n=105)
cORR, % (95% CI) 48.9 (40.3–57.6) | 59.4 (40.6–76.3) | 45.7 (36.0–55.7)
CR, n (%) 3 (2.2) | 0 | 3 (2.9)
PR, n (%) 64 (46.7) | 19 (59.4) | 45 (42.9)
DCR, % (95% CI) 87.6 (80.9–92.6) | 96.9 (83.8–99.9) | 84.8 (76.4–91.0)
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, mTTR was 1.4 months (range, 1.0–8.1), and mDOR was 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.1–6.5; Figure 3)
– 2L subgroup: mTTR, 1.4 months (range, 1.2–4.3); mDOR, 9.7 months (95% CI, 3.6–NE)
– 3L+ subgroup: mTTR, 1.4 months (range, 1.0–8.1); mDOR, 4.3 months (95% CI, 3.7–5.8)
Figure 3. Change in sum of lesion diameters over time by BICR
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, mPFS was 5.1 months (95% CI, 4.2–5.5), and mOS was 10.4 months (95% CI, 9.1–12.4; Figure 4)
– 2L subgroup: mPFS, 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.6–8.4); mOS, 12.6 months (95% CI, 7.3–16.2)
– 3L+ subgroup: mPFS, 4.5 months (95% CI, 4.2–5.4); mOS, 10.3 months (95% CI, 9.1–12.3)
Figure 4. (A) PFS by BICR and (B) OS in the total 12-mg/kg group and by LOT (Total 12 mg/kg N=137 | 2L n=32 | 3L+ n=105)
mPFS (95% CI), months 5.1 (4.2–5.5) | 6.0 (4.6–8.4) | 4.5 (4.2–5.4)
PFS rate, % (95% CI): 3 months 68.8 (60.2–75.9) | 74.3 (55.1–86.2) | 67.1 (57.1–75.2); 6 months 38.3 (28.2–44.4) | 51.7 (33.1–67.4) | 31.6 (22.8–40.7); 9 months 20.7 (14.3–28.1) | 31.5 (16.1–48.1) | 17.4 (10.8–25.5)
mOS (95% CI), months 10.4 (9.1–12.4) | 12.6 (7.3–16.2) | 10.3 (9.1–12.3)
OS rate, % (95% CI): 6 months 77.4 (69.4–83.5) | 71.9 (52.9–84.3) | 79.0 (69.9–85.7); 12 months 43.1 (34.7–51.2) | 50.0 (31.9–65.7) | 41.0 (31.5–50.1)
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, any-grade TRAEs were reported in 124 (90.5%) patients, with Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurring in 50 (36.5%) patients (Table 2)
Table 2. Safety summary (Total 12 mg/kg N=137)
Any-grade TRAEs 124 (90.5); Grade ≥3 50 (36.5)
Serious TRAEs 25 (18.2)
TRAEs associated with dose delay/interruption 38 (27.7)
TRAEs associated with dose reduction 22 (16.1)
TRAEs associated with treatment discontinuation 16 (11.7)
TRAEs associated with death 6 (4.4)
Figure 5. Most common TRAEs in the total 12-mg/kg group (N=137) (any grade / Grade ≥3, %)
Nausea 43.1 / 2.2; Fatigue (grouped term) 40.9 / 5.1; Neutropenia (grouped term) 34.3 / 14.6; Anemia (grouped term) 34.3 / 10.2; Decreased appetite 33.6 / 1.5; Leukopenia (grouped term) 23.4 / 4.4; Lymphopenia (grouped term) 19.7 / 12.4; Thrombocytopenia (grouped term) 19.0 / 5.8; Diarrhea 15.3 / 1.5; Vomiting 12.4 / 0.7; Constipation 12.4 / 0; AST increased 10.2 / 0.7; Pneumonitis 10.2 / 0.7; Stomatitis 10.2 / 0
• In the total 12-mg/kg group, any-grade adjudicated treatment-related ILD/pneumonitis was reported in 18 (13.1%) patients (Grade 1, n=3 [2.2%]; Grade 2, n=9 [6.6%]; Grade 3, n=4 [2.9%]; Grade 5, n=2 [1.5%]; Table 3)
Table 3. Adjudicated treatment-related ILD/pneumonitis (Total 12 mg/kg N=137): Any-grade 18 (13.1); Grade 1 3 (2.2); Grade 2 9 (6.6); Grade 3 4 (2.9); Grade 4 0; Grade 5 2 (1.5)
This study is sponsored by Daiichi Sankyo Inc. and Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC.
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress; October 23–27, 2026; Madrid, Spain
Yvonne Diaz@Yvonne_Diaz_
1) Biomarker data: ctDNA dynamics with targeted therapies in AGA+ NSCLC (Xiuning Le discussion) · 2) Biomarker data: Take home message - ctDNA EGFRm clearance and osi-chemo (Xiuning Le) · 3) Slide: CROWN: co-alterations beyond the ALK driver
Is this the moment we start to see more of the promise of liquid biopsies?
A common theme across this morning’s #NSCLC presentations at #ESMO26 is early ctDNA clearance, sometimes within just 3–4 weeks.
Could this mean more routine testing and better treatment decisions? #LCSM https://t.co/EhIFIP8ziX
[Slide 1]
ctDNA dynamics with targeted therapies in AGA + NSCLC
On-treatment ctDNA clearance has good prognosis with TKI treatment in AGA+ NSCLC
Sevabertinib in HER2 TKD mutation NSCLC
E Progression-free Survival According to ctDNA Response
Never detected: Median, 12.3 mo (95% CI, 2.5-NE)
Clearance: Median, 14.7 mo (95% CI, 6.9-NE)
Persistent detection: Median, 7.0 mo (95% CI, 3.9-16.4)
No. at Risk (Months 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30)
Never detected 12 8 5 1 0 0
Clearance 28 20 12 7 3 1
Persistent detection 25 11 5 1 0 0
Le et al NEJM 2025
Ensartinib in METex14 skipping NSCLC
B [stacked bar: PR / SD / PD by ctDNA residual, ctDNA negative, ctDNA clearance; Percentage, %]
C [KM: Probability of Progression-free Survival (%) - ctDNA clearance, ctDNA negative, ctDNA residual; Time (months)]
Xia Yang et al eClinicalMedicine 2025
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS according to ctDNA response (sevabertinib, HER2 TKD-mutant NSCLC; Le et al NEJM 2025)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Never detected | 12 | 12.3 mo | 2.5-NE
Clearance | 28 | 14.7 mo | 6.9-NE
Persistent detection | 25 | 7.0 mo | 3.9-16.4
[Slide 2]
Take home message
Non-detectable:
- For patients with baseline non-detectable ctDNA, the prognosis is good, there might be an option for osimertinib monotherapy Median PFS 30 month
Detectable:
- For patients started on osimertinib monotherapy, but without ctDNA clearance of EGFRm at 3-4 weeks, the addition of platinum-chemotherapy is indicated Median PFS 17.8 month
- For patients who had a clearance of ctDNA EGFRm, the magnitude of benefit of osi-chemo is large, with 12 months absolute improvement of PFS, HR 0.51.
- Therefore, all eligible patients should start with osi-chemo because on treatment ctDNA EGFRm clearance was NOT predictive of benefit with osi+chemo vs. osimertinib monotherapy Median PFS 24 month
Xiuning Le MD PhD MD Anderson Cancer Center
[Slide 4]
CROWN: co-alterations beyond the ALK driver
[Oncoprints: EPs (n=22) and LTRs (n=30); gene rows incl. ALK, EML4, TP53, ATM, ZFHX3, CHEK2, NOTCH3, NTRK3, ARID1A, NF1, KRAS, MYC, CIC, SPEN, APC, MTOR, PREX2, ADMSC, PCDH15, ROS1, TET1, ARID2, ATRX, PDGFRA, DICER1, BRIP1, IGR, ROBO2, CDC73, BRCA1, PBRM1, DNMT3B, SETD2; legend SNV, Indel, CNA + amplification, Fusion]
Early progression vs long-term control
TP53: 50% vs 17%
Altered genes: median 10 vs 6
"Inflammatory" pathway
Baseline: 32% vs 7%
New at progression: 7/17 pairs
Tumor origin? TF adjustment? CHIP filtering?
Co-alterations suggest residual risk. The inflammatory signal remains hypothesis-generating.
Solomon et al. ESMO 2026, 2636RO, slides 4-5. Razavi et al. Nat Med 2019;25:1928-1937.
d.planchard@dplanchard
Slide: Presenters at IFCT-1904 ENCO-BRAF poster 2651P: encorafenib plus binimetinib in BRAF V600E-mutant NSCLC
Great catching up with @C_Ricordel about our IFCT #BRAF V600 NSCLC (ONCOBRAF) study, another fantastic collaborative success for French @IFCTlung centers!! 👏
Congrats Charles on this superb poster and the great discussions at #ESMO26 ! https://t.co/txFPRZ66ML
IFCT
ESMO 2026
Encorafenib plus binimetinib in patients (pts) with BRAFV600E-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer: updated efficacy and safety results from the IFCT-1904 ENCO-BRAF phase 2 trial
C. Ricordel1 · J. Mazieres2 · C. Mascaux3 · F. Guisier4 · P. Tomasini5 · M. Wislez6 · D. Moro-Sibilot7 · S. Cousin8 · S. Couraud9 · V. Fallet10 · C. Guguen11 · A. Lagrange12 · A. Madroszyk-Flandin13 · J. Otto14 · M. Pérol15 · B. Roch16 · E. Amour17 · F. Morin17 · A.B. Cortot18 · D. Planchard19
Background
Methods and Objectives
Open-label, Phase II trial
Treatment naive Planned N = 60
Previously treated Planned N = 59
Confirmed best objective re[obscured] and best overall response
Treatment naive N=63
[obscured]R (CR + PR): 68.3% [95% CI: 56.8%-79.7%]
Previously treated N=31
best ORR (CR + PR): 61.3% [95% CI: 44.1%-78.4%]
Quality of Life – VAS score
Safety – TRAE any grade ≥10%
DOI ESMO 2026
CT.gov identifier: NCT04526782
2651P
Oriol Mirallas MD@DrMirallas
1) Slide: HS-20122 EGFR/c-Met bispecific ADC first-in-human study title slide (Zhao, ESMO 2026 1000O) · 2) Slide: HS-20122 background: target, structure and preclinical (Zhao, ESMO 2026) · 3) Response data: HS-20122 efficacy in EGFRm NSCLC, all doses: waterfall + swimmer · 4) Response data: HS-20122 efficacy in squamous NSCLC and head & neck cancer: waterfalls
#ESMO26
💉 Developmental therapeutics
📌 HS-20122: novel EGFR/c-MET
46% =>2L
✔️ ORR
✔️ ORR for #EGFRm NSCLC 61.3% at 6mg/kg
💊 Seems to work better in L858R > Del19
☣️ 44% >G3, mostly hematologic
@OncoAlert @myESMO @ASCO @_SEOM @UTMDAnderson
👇🏽👇🏽 https://t.co/NCaClXNY7s
[Slide 1]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
OP: 1000O
HS-20122, a Novel EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody Drug Conjugate, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Hongyun Zhao, Yuxiang Ma, Fangling Ning, Qingfeng Li, Zhiyong He, Zhiye Zhang, Ruiling Ning, Wei Zheng, Qiming Wang, Shengxiang Ren, Juan Li, Yongchang Zhang, Yongsheng Wang, Haifeng Liu, Minglei Zhuo, Wenzhao Qin, Chenge Song, Lu Chen, Xiaoqing Zhang, Li Zhang
[Affiliations in small print, including Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center ... Shanghai Hansoh Bio Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China]
Presented by: Hongyun Zhao, M.D.
Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
Madrid Spain, October 24, 2026
[Slide 2]
Background
Target, Structure and Preclinical
• There are signaling cross-talk between EGFR and cMet, so co-targeting EGFR and c-Met with ADC products may limit compensatory pathway activation and improve overall efficacy.
• HS-20122 is a bi-specific novel ADC, including a 1:1 EGFR/c-Met antibody, cleavable linker, Topoisomerase1 inhibitor payload(DAR=4).
• HS-20122 is highly effective in multiple preclinical models, including lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, head and neck cancer.
HS-20122 Diagram
EGFR binding Fab | c-Met binding Fab | Cleavable linker | Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor (HS-9265)
We assessed safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of HS-20122 in patients with solid tumors in a first-in-human (FIH) trial.
Abbreviations: ADC, Antibody Drug Conjugate; c-Met, cellular Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition factor; DAR, drug-to-antibody ratio; EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; Fab, Fragment of Antigen Binding
Hongyun Zhao, M.D.
[Slide 3]
Efficacy in EGFRm NSCLC (All doses)
All patients had received prior EGFR-TKIs(90% 3rd generation EGFRTKIs) and 26% had received prior chemotherapy.
Best Overall Response (N=106)
ORR: 56%
DCR: 93%
Best % Change in SoD from Baseline in Target Lesion Size
PR | SD | PD | NE
Treatment Duration (N=106)
6-mo PFS rate: 77%
95% CI (61.7, 86.4)
Ongoing | End of Treatment
PR | SD | PD | NE
Time Since Start of Treatment (Weeks)
Abbreviations: NE, Not Evaluable; ORR, Objective Response Rate; PD, Progressive Disease; PFS, Progression-Free Survival; PR, Partial Response; SD, Stable Disease; TKI, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor.
Hongyun Zhao, M.D.
Data Cut-off: 06-Jul-2026
[Slide 4]
Efficacy in Squamous NSCLC and HNC
All patients had received platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-(L)1.
Best Overall Response in Squamous NSCLC (N=28)
ORR : 32.1%
DCR: 92.9%
Best Overall Response in Head and Neck Cancer (N=12)
ORR : 50.0%
DCR : 91.7%
Bar labels: HNSCC, HNSCC, HNSCC, NPC, HNSCC, NPC, HNSCC, NPC, NPC, NPC, NPC, HNSCC
PR | SD | PD
Best % Change in SoD from Baseline in Target Lesion Size
Abbreviations: HNSCC, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer; NPC, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; PD, Progressive Disease; PR, Partial Response; SD, Stable Disease.
Hongyun Zhao, M.D.
Data Cut-off: 06-Jul-2026
VORONOI | 1067P
Early Clinical Anti-tumor Activity of VRN101099 Across Diverse HER2-altered Solid Tumors
LUMIN-HER2(NCT06806982): Phase 1 Study in HER2-Driven Advanced Solid Tumors
Y.H. Park, S.Y. Rha, S-A. Im, J.H. Youk, R. Cosman, C. Steer, J.H. Kim, J.H. Kim, K.H. Jung, J.L. Lee, J.Y.Park, S.Y. Zhang
Background
- HER2 alterations comprise amplification/overexpression (HER2-positive disease) and activating mutations, arising within the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD; exon 20 insertions, L755) and outside it (extracellular S310F/Y, transmembrane V659/S653). CNS progression is a frequent and poorly addressed failure mode across these HER2-driven tumors.
- VRN101099 (VRN10) is an oral, once-daily, brain-penetrant covalent HER2 TKI binding an open-state activation loop conformation, promoting HER2 internalization and degradation. It is selective over wild-type EGFR, is not a BCRP substrate, and retains preclinical activity in T-DXd-resistant and intracranial models.
- Here we report Phase 1a safety, exposure-response and early activity across TKD and non-TKD HER2-mutant and HER2-positive solid tumors (LUMIN-HER2, NCT06806982).
Trial design - Phase I study design
- Standard "3 + 3" dose escalation
- 18 to 30 pts in dose escalation, plus up to 72 backfill pts (up to 102 pts in total)
- DLT assessment: first cycle of treatment (i.e. Cycle 1, 21 days of IP)
- Phase Ib Monotherapy (dose optimization and expansion): HER2 activating mutation NSCLC, Phase Ib combination (dose finding and expansion): HER2 positive solid tumors.
[Schema: Phase Ia dose escalation (Monotherapy) 80 mg, 160 mg, 240 mg, 320 mg, 480 mg, 560 mg with Backfill cohorts; Phase Ib dose optimization (Monotherapy & Combi-therapy): Dose A/B (Mono) -> Mono Expansion HER2 activating mutation NSCLC; Dose A/B (Combi) -> Combi Expansion (with HER2-ADC or HP) HER2 positive cancer. First patient dosed in March 2025; Phase Ib initiation scheduled for early 2027]
Phase Ia dose escalation key eligible patients
- Age >=18 years with HER2-altered solid tumors (confirmed by IHC 1+/2+/3+, FISH/ISH, or NGS of tissue/ctDNA)
- HER2 positive mBC or mGC with PD after prior anti-HER2 therapy
- Other HER2-altered solid tumors with no approved HER2-targeted SoC, progressed on all available therapies
- NSCLC with HER2-activating mutations after prior HER2 TKI or ADC.
Primary endpoints: Safety; Tolerability; Determine the MTD or RP2D
Secondary endpoints: PK (Pharmacokinetics); ORR, DOR, DCR, PFS, and TTP per RECIST v1.1
Exploratory endpoints: PD (Pharmacodynamics): ctDNA, pHER2; Intracranial ORR per RANO-BM
Demographics
Characteristics | VRN101099 N=50, (80-480 mg)
Median age, years (range) | 63 (35-82)
Sex, n (%) Male / Female | 26 (52%) / 24 (48%)
Race, n (%) Asian / White | 40 (80%) / 10 (20%)
ECOG PS, n (%) 0 / 1 | 30 (60%) / 20 (40%)
HER2 aberration, n (%) HER2 positive / mutation | 21 (42%) / 16 (32%)
Primary tumor site: Breast | 11 (22%)
Gastrointestinal | 13 (26%)
Hepatobiliary | 7 (14%)
Lung | 4 (8%)
others | 15 (30%)
CNS metastasis, n (%) Yes / No | 10 (20%) / 40 (80%)
Median No. prior systemic therapies, n (range) | 3 (0 - 11)
Prior HER2 Abs | 24 (48%)
Prior HER2 ADC, n (%) | 26 (52%)
Prior HER2 TKIs, n (%) | 7 (14%)
Clinical results
A. HER2 mutation patients (N=12): TKDm ORR: 40% (2/5); Non-TKDm ORR: 43% (3/7) [waterfall; TKD mutation / Non-TKD mutation; best responses PD, SD, cPR]
B. HER2 positive patients (N=18): ORR: 17% (3/18) [waterfall; Breast cancer / Other solid tumor]
Figure 1. Best percentage change from baseline in target lesion size with VRN101099 monotherapy.
Evaluable patients had at least one post-baseline tumor assessment. (A) HER2m tumors: responses occurred in both TKD (PR, 2/5) and non-TKD (PR, 3/7) mutations. (B) HER2-positive tumors (BC and other solid tumors): most patients had received prior HER2-targeted therapy, yet tumor shrinkage was observed despite heavy pretreatment.
Safety
- Overall, the safety profile was tolerable and manageable across all dose levels.
- Diarrhea was effectively managed with loperamide administered on an as-needed basis upon symptom onset.
- Escalation to 560 mg is ongoing, with MTD not yet reached.
TRAEs occurring in >=5% of patients are shown.
TRAE | VRN101099, 80-480mg (N=50) All | >= Grade 3
Any | 38 (76%) | 3 (6%)
Diarrhea | 26 (52%) | 2 (4%)
Nausea | 16 (32%) | 0
Vomiting | 6 (12%) | 0
Decreased appetite | 3 (6%) | 0
Rash | 4 (8%) | 0
Fatigue | 3 (6%) | 0
Stomatitis | 3 (6%) | 0
Exposure-Response correlation
Figure 2. Exposure-response relationship of VRN101099. (A) VRN101099 exposure (unbound Cavg, AUC0-24/24) versus best change in target lesion size. Higher exposure was associated with greater tumor shrinkage, and shrinkage occurred when exposure exceeded the fu x GI50 range (shaded) of HER2-altered cell lines. (B) In vitro GI50 across HER2-altered cell lines.
VRN101099 induced HER2 internalization
Figure 3. Enhanced activity of VRN101099 in combination with T-DXd. (A) VRN101099 promoted HER2 internalization, enhancing T-DXd uptake vs. zongertinib (Incucyte). (B) VRN101099 + T-DXd induced greater tumor regression than zongertinib + T-DXd in HER2+ BT-474 xenografts. (C) In vivo tumor HER2 degradation by VRN101099 (PD analysis; 6 h post-dose, Day 5). Together, these data suggest that VRN101099-induced HER2 internalization enhances T-DXd uptake, contributing to the improved combination efficacy.
T-DXd resistance model
(A) AKR1C has been reported to mediate metabolism of the T-DXd payload DXd. (B) Both DXd and Zongertinib are substrates of BCRP, whereas VRN101099 is not.
Figure 4. VRN101099 retains antitumor activity in T-DXd-resistant models. (A) Mice bearing AKR1C overexpressing(OE), T-DXd-resistant NCI-N87 xenografts were treated with vehicle, T-DXd, zongertinib, or VRN101099, and tumor volume was measured over 21 days. (B) Mice bearing BCRP-overexpressing, T-DXd-resistant SK-BR-3 tumors were treated as in (A), and tumor burden was monitored by bioluminescence imaging over 14 days. Data are mean ± SEM.
CNS activity in intracranial models
Kp,uu,CSF >=1
Figure 5. CNS penetration and intracranial activity of VRN101099. (A) VRN101099 Kp,uu,CSF in mouse. (B) Greater activity versus HER2 TKIs in intracranial Ba/F3 HER2 YVMA model (HER2m NSCLC). (C) Greater activity versus zongertinib and T-DXd in intracranial BT-474 model (HER2+ BC).
Intracranial response case study
Patient A. HER2 A775_G776insYVMA - NSCLC: -56.14% PR (C1D1, C3D1, C5D1, C7D1); 2 Lung TL PR achieved at First Tumor Assessment (-56.1%); Deep partial response following relapse on sevabertinib, ELVN-002, and T-DXd; Brain NTL also decreased (RANO-BM: Non-CR/Non-PD)
Patient B. HER2 positive Breast Cancer: -7.88% SD, -12.50% SD, -14.67% SD; Heavily pretreated: 7 prior systemic regimens, including 5 HER2-directed therapies (prior T-DXd); Brain target lesion reduced; non-target lesions stable (SD per RANO-BM); Duration of treatment: 10.6 months (ongoing)
Conclusion
- Partial responses occurred in both TKD (2/5) and non-TKD (3/7) HER2-mutant tumors, Non-TKD mutation which lack an approved HER2 TKI.
- Activity was observed despite prior T-DXd, received by 17 of 30 evaluable patients (Phase Ib-eligible population), and favorable brain penetration and CNS activity.
- VRN10 was tolerable at 80-480 mg (any TRAE 76%, >= G3 6%); MTD was not reached.
- Escalation continues to define the RP2D for the planned Phase 1b monotherapy and combination cohorts.
Herbert Loong, MBBS, FASCO@herbloong
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: DESTINY-Lung04 PROs: Time to deterioration in pulmonary · 2) Safety data: DESTINY-Lung04 PROs: Overall treatment tolerability (PGI-TT) · 3) Slide: DESTINY-Lung04 PROs: Conclusions
Following on the primary trial data presented by @JuliaRotow at #WCLC26, #Destiny_Lung04 #PROMs were reported by Dr. #SilviaNovello showing improved patients reported outcomes in patients treated with #T_DXd over #chemo_IO. #LCSM 🫁 #ESMO26 @myesmo #ESMOAmbassadors https://t.co/38VGaQlL5b
[Slide 2]
[Livestream frame] 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JANNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Time to deterioration in pulmonary symptoms (NSCLC-SAQ)
Cough: Median TTD, months (95% CI): T-DXd (n=227) 26.2 (17.1, NC) | Pembro + chemo (n=227) 11.0 (7.4, NC); Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.66 (0.44, 0.99)
Chest pain: Median TTD, months (95% CI): T-DXd NC (11.5, NC) | Pembro + chemo 14.3 (8.3, NC); Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.80 (0.54, 1.18)
Dyspnea: Median TTD, months (95% CI): T-DXd 10.1 (6.5, NC) | Pembro + chemo 5.1 (3.2, 11.0); Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.77 (0.54, 1.09)
Y axis: Probability of no sustained deterioration; X axis: Time from randomization (months) 0-36
No. at risk - Cough: T-DXd 227 106 73 58 41 34 25 17 11 7 4 3 0; Pembro + chemo 227 92 54 38 21 12 10 7 6 4 3 2 0
No. at risk - Chest pain: T-DXd 227 98 70 55 37 30 22 15 10 8 7 4 0; Pembro + chemo 227 91 56 40 25 14 10 7 6 2 2 1 0
No. at risk - Dyspnea: T-DXd 227 85 62 50 36 29 23 18 11 9 7 5 0; Pembro + chemo 227 66 36 21 16 9 5 5 3 3 1 1 0
T-DXd monotherapy delayed time to, and reduced risk of, deterioration in cough versus pembro + chemo, with similar trends observed for chest pain and dyspnea
Assessed in the full analysis set. Compliance rates for the NSCLC-SAQ: 67.8% T-DXd vs 71.9% pembro + chemo (baseline); 76.1% T-DXd vs 69.0% pembro + chemo (overall). Sustained deterioration was defined as a meaningful worsening at two or more consecutive post-baseline timepoints relative to baseline (regardless of whether the patient withdrew from treatment or received another anticancer therapy prior to deterioration). Patients with no sustained deterioration were censored at the time of their last PRO assessment with an evaluable score or at Cycle 1 Day 1
NC, not calculable; TTD, time to deterioration
[Presenter video inset] Silvia Novello - First-line (1L) trastuzumab derux[tecan] (T-DXd) in patients (pts) with HER[2]-mutant (HER2m) NSCLC: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from DESTINY-Lung04 (DL-04)
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Survival table
Endpoint: Time to sustained deterioration, NSCLC-SAQ cough (also chest pain, dyspnea)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
T-DXd - cough | 227 | 26.2 | 17.1, NC
Pembro + chemo - cough | 227 | 11.0 | 7.4, NC
T-DXd - chest pain | 227 | NC | 11.5, NC
Pembro + chemo - chest pain | 227 | 14.3 | 8.3, NC
T-DXd - dyspnea | 227 | 10.1 | 6.5, NC
Pembro + chemo - dyspnea | 227 | 5.1 | 3.2, 11.0
HR: 0.66 (cough)
HR CI: 0.44, 0.99
[Slide 3]
[Livestream frame] 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JANNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Overall treatment tolerability (PGI-TT)
"In the last 7 days, how bothered were you by the side effects of your cancer treatment?"
[Stacked bar chart: Weekly assessments (BL, weeks 1-12) and Q3W assessments (weeks 15-69, EOT); T-DXd n=226 (top), Pembro + chemo n=220 (bottom); Y axis: Proportion of patients bothered by treatment side effects (%)]
Legend: Not at all; A little bit; Somewhat; Quite a bit; Very much
During the first 12 weeks, the proportion of patient-weeks with high side-effect bother* was 13.4% in both arms (score of 'very much' or 'quite a bit')
Proportions of patients reporting overall and high side-effect bother were similar between arms throughout treatment
Timepoints after Week 69 through Week 105 have been excluded owing to low sample size (<10% of patients in the safety analysis set, either arm)
Assessed in the safety analysis set. Compliance rates: 65.9% T-DXd vs 70.5% pembro + chemo (baseline); 75.6% T-DXd vs 72.9% pembro + chemo (overall). The PGI-TT assessed how a patient perceived the overall bother of cancer treatment-related side effects over the past week
*Calculated as the number of weeks with high side-effect bother divided by the number of total weeks on treatment across all patients (restricted to first 12 weeks of treatment and excluding missing visits)
BL, baseline
[Presenter video inset] Silvia Novello - First-line (1L) trastuzumab derux[tecan] (T-DXd) in patients (pts) with HER[2]-mutant (HER2m) NSCLC: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from DESTINY-Lung04 (DL-04)
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 4]
[Livestream frame] 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JANNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
Conclusions
- Median treatment duration was longer with T-DXd vs pembro + chemo (12.3 vs 7.1 months, respectively)
- Time to deterioration in patient-reported pulmonary symptoms (cough, chest pain, dyspnea) favored T-DXd vs pembro + chemo
- Patient-reported treatment tolerability was generally comparable between arms throughout treatment
- Physical functioning was similar across arms through Week 18 and higher with T-DXd vs pembro + chemo at most timepoints from Week 20 onward, including at end of treatment
- Overall and high side-effect bother were similar between arms
- For the majority of symptoms measured, patient-reported symptom experience was generally better with T-DXd vs pembro + chemo
DESTINY-Lung04 PRO data, alongside efficacy and safety results from the primary analysis, support T-DXd as a new 1L treatment option for patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC
Scan the Quick Response (QR) code for:
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Copies of materials obtained through the QR code are for personal use only and may not be reproduced without permission from the author
This study was sponsored by AstraZeneca. In March 2019, AstraZeneca entered into a global development and commercialization collaboration agreement with Daiichi Sankyo for trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201).
Thank you to the patients and their families for their participation, and the study site staff for their contributions. Medical writing support was funded by AstraZeneca and provided by Rosanna Jackson, PhD (Helios Medical Communications, part of the Helios Global Group).
[Presenter video inset] Silvia Novello - First-line (1L) trastuzumab derux[tecan] (T-DXd) in patients (pts) with HER[2]-mutant (HER2m) NSCLC: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from DESTINY-Lung04 (DL-04)
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: 131P poster: prospective validation of AI-assisted RECIST 1.1 in a phase 1 study of fetrastobart
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM #AI
🔥Prospective Validation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)–Assisted RECIST 1.1 in a Phase 1 Study of Fetrastobart Vedotin in Patients With NSCLC
🎙️Dr. Elisa Fontana
🔢131P
🎯AI-Assisted Read Consistent With Investigator: cORR 29.7% vs 32.4% (PD-L1+), 5.6% vs 0% (PD-L1−)
🎯Patient-Level Best Response Concordance 84.0%
🎯Supports Phase 3 PADL1NK-005
☑️NCT05208762
🔗 https://t.co/CndXFIExA8
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
131P
Prospective validation of artificial intelligence–assisted RECIST 1.1 in a phase 1 study of fetrastobart vedotin (Fetra-V) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Elisa Fontana, Chong Duan, Michelle Saul, Paul Galette, Stephen Willingham, Jen-Tang Lu, Allison Wehr, Shivani Gupta, Mike Stecher, Marc Oliva, Lisle Nabell
Conclusions
- Results from this study show feasibility of using AI-assisted RECIST version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) in a clinical trial
- AI-assisted confirmed ORR and DCR were consistent with investigator-assessed outcomes
- The concordance rate between investigator-assessed and AI-assisted read for patient-level confirmed best overall response and time point–level overall response was 84.0% and 72.5%, respectively
- These findings support the reliability of AI-assisted response assessment and provide independent confirmation of efficacy observed with Fetra-V, supporting its continued evaluation in the phase 3 study PADL1NK-005 (NCT07144280)
- AI-assisted read showed the potential to improve inter-reader reproducibility in tumor size measurements and significantly reduced RECIST 1.1 read time, improving fidelity and accelerating clinical trial conduct
- Future work will evaluate volumetric lesion-level response metrics beyond RECIST 1.1 and associations with long-term outcomes of Fetra-V treatment
Methods
- C5851001 (NCT05208762) is a phase 1 study of Fetra-V as monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors and in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic or unresectable HNSCC or NSCLC (Figure 1)
- This analysis included dose-escalation, dose-optimization, and dose-expansion cohorts that included patients with relapsed/refractory NSCLC independent of PD-L1 expression by TPS treated with Fetra-V monotherapy
- In this study, AI-assisted RECIST 1.1 assessment was implemented as an exploratory endpoint
- A total of 55 patients with NSCLC were treated with Fetra-V 1.5 mg/kg monotherapy
- Both investigator read and AI-assisted read per RECIST 1.1 were included in this analysis
- Data cutoff was November 22, 2025
Results
- AI-assisted confirmed ORR and DCR were consistent with investigator-assessed outcomes in the phase 1 study (Table 1)
– As of November 22, 2025, investigator-assessed confirmed ORR was 32.4% in PD-L1–positive and 0% in PD-L1–negative relapsed/refractory NSCLC; AI-assisted confirmed ORR was 29.7% and 5.6%, respectively
- The concordance rate between investigator-assessed and AI-assisted read for patient-level confirmed best overall response and time point–level overall response was 84.0% (Table 2) and 72.5%, respectively (Table 3)
- Results from this reader study showed that AI-assisted RECIST 1.1 read improved reproducibility between readers and reduced the time required for response assessment by 40% at baseline and 52% at follow-up time points (P<0.001) (Figure 3)
Table 1. Investigator-Assessed and AI-Assisted Response by TPS and Histology [small-font cells; not reliably legible]
Table 2. Concordance Rate: Patient-Level Confirmed Best Overall Response
AI-assisted RECIST 1.1 | Investigator CR | PR | SD | PD | Total
CR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
PR | 0 | 11 (22) | 1 (2) | 0 | 12 (24)
SD | 0 | 1 (2) | 21 (42) | 2 (4) | 24 (48)
PD | 0 | 0 | 4 (8) | 10 (20) | 14 (28)
Total | 0 | 12 (24) | 26 (52) | 12 (24) | 50 (100)
Overall agreement (95% CI), % | 84.0 (70.9-92.8)
Cohen κ (95% CI) | 0.74 (0.58-0.91)
Weighted κ (95% CI) | 0.84 (0.73-0.95)
Table 3. Concordance Rate: Time Point–Level Overall Response
AI-assisted RECIST 1.1 | Investigator CR | PR | SD | PD | Total
CR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
PR | 1 (1) | 33 (22) | 8 (5) | 3 (2) | 45 (30)
SD | 0 | 7 (5) | 50 (34) | 9 (6) | 66 (44)
PD | 0 | 1 (1) | 12 (8) | 25 (17) | 38 (26)
Total | 1 (1) | 41 (28) | 70 (47) | 37 (25) | 149 (100)
Overall agreement (95% CI), % | 72.5 (64.6-79.5)
Cohen κ (95% CI) | 0.57 (0.46-0.69)
Weighted κ (95% CI) | 0.68 (0.57-0.79)
Figure 3. AI-Assisted Read Improves Reproducibility and Efficiency
Preliminary results from this ongoing reader study demonstrated that AI assistance (A) improved inter-reader reproducibility in tumor size measurements (in the illustrated case, all 3 readers accepted the AI-suggested contour in the AI-assisted mode, resulting in identical tumor measurements) and (B) significantly improved reader efficiency, reducing the time required for RECIST assessments by 40% at baseline and 52% at on-treatment follow-up compared with unassisted reading (both P<0.001).
Presented at the ESMO Congress 2026 | October 23-27, 2026 | Madrid, Spain
Early-stage #LiquidBiopsy in the spotlight at #ESMO26
@EnriquetaFelip discussed how ctDNA may help refine staging and guide perioperative decisions in clinical stage I NSCLC.
Great session with @ChristianRolfo and @UmbertoMalapel1
From future to present!
@isliquidbiopsy https://t.co/w59EpCwxb5
Article
Longitudinal ultrasensitive ctDNA monitoring for high-resolution lung cancer risk prediction
James R.M. Black, Takahiro Karasaki, Charles W. Abbott, Bailiang Li, Selvaraju Veeriah, Maise Al Bakir, Wing Kin Liu, Ariana Huebner, Carlos Martinez-Ruiz, Piotr Pawlik, David A. Moore, Daniele Marinelli, Oliver Shutkever, Cian Murphy, Lydia Y. Liu, Charlotte Grieco, Karen Grimes, Fabio C.P. Navarro, Rachel Marty Pyke, Gabor Bartha, Kathleen C. Keough, Steven Dea, Neeraja Ravi, John Lyle, Jason Harris, Katherine D. Brown, Fiona H. Blackhall, Fatemah Hassani, Dean A. Fennell, Nicholas McGranahan, Jacqui A. Shaw, Christopher Abbosh, TRACERx Consortium, Allan Hackshaw, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Alexander M. Frankell, Sean M. Boyle, Richard O. Chen, and Charles Swanton
SUMMARY
Biomarkers accurately informing prognostic assessment and therapeutic strategy are critical for improving patient outcome in oncology. Here, we apply a whole-genome, tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection approach to address this challenge, leveraging 1,800 variants across 2,994 plasma samples from 431 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the TRACERx study. We show that ultrasensitive ctDNA detection below 80 parts per million both pre- and postoperatively is highly prognostic, and combinatorial analysis of the pre- and postoperative ctDNA status identifies an intermediate risk group, improving disease stratification. ctDNA kinetics demonstrate clinical utility during adjuvant therapy, where patients that "clear" ctDNA during adjuvant therapy experience improved outcomes. Moreover, characterization of patterns in postoperative ctDNA kinetics reveals insights into the timing, risk, and anatomical pattern of relapses. By incorporating longitudinal ultrasensitive ctDNA detection, we propose a refined schema for guiding the stratification and treatment recommendations in early stage NSCLC.
Cell 2025
Preoperative ctDNA status | Landmark ctDNA status | ctDNA risk | Potential clinical recommendations
Preoperative ctDNA(-) -> Low:
• Infrequent (e.g. annual) intrathoracic radiographic surveillance
Stage I: de-escalation of surveillance acceptable
• Systemic screening could be omitted in this group
• Consider clinical trials for de-escalation of adjuvant therapy
Preoperative ctDNA(+) -> Landmark ctDNA(-) -> Medium:
• Infrequent (e.g 6 monthly) intra and extrathoracic radiographic surveillance
Stage I: de-escalation of surveillance acceptable
• Give adjuvant therapy where appropriate (clinical trials of de-escalation of adjuvant therapy could be considered)
• High-cadence longitudinal ctDNA monitoring to detect impending relapse
Preoperative ctDNA(+) -> Landmark weak ctDNA(+) -> High:
• More frequent scanning (e.g. intra and extrathoracic radiographic surveillance 3-6 monthly)
• Consider adjuvant therapy even in early-stage 1 disease
• High-cadence longitudinal ctDNA monitoring through adjuvant therapy for clearance and thereafter
Preoperative ctDNA(+) -> Landmark strong ctDNA(+) -> Very high:
• More frequent scanning (e.g. intra and extrathoracic radiographic surveillance 3 monthly)
• Consider adjuvant therapy even in early-stage 1 disease
• Consider clinical trials for escalation of adjuvant therapy
• High-cadence longitudinal ctDNA monitoring for treatment response
Proposed ctDNA-guided patient care schema
Clarissa Baldotto@cbaldotto
Slide: NEJM original article title page: Osimertinib–Savolitinib in Advanced NSCLC after Progression during
So proud and grateful to be part of the SAFFRON trial, presented at ESMO and published in the @NEJM !
Being a co-author of this important study is especially meaningful to me, knowing that our work may help improve care for patients with lung cancer, including those in Brazil.🇧🇷
https://t.co/h0CGBh2kQ9
1) Response data: Poster 3285P: GPER and estrogen receptor in EGFR-mutated NSCLC · 2) Slide: Poster 3285P with presenter Robert Hsu: GPER and ER in EGFR-mutated NSCLC
Proud to share our work with @carisls studying the impact of G protein coupled estrogen receptor and estrogen receptor in EGFR mt NSCLC showing significant differences in outcomes with high expression of GPER and low expression of ESR1/2. #ESMO26 #lcsm @uscnorris https://t.co/um0atjiIIK
Slide: Temab-A EGFRmut cohort unselected for c-Met: PFS and OS
Temab-A an ADC antiMET good activty in MET+ nonSq pretreted wt and EGFRm NSCLC. But: easy to test biomarker in daily practice? In EGFRm cohort higher activity if we add osimertinib? Is really MET+ a predictive biomarker for Temab-A activity in EGFRm? Brain activity? #ESMO2026 https://t.co/4T3qWUg7cz
In the EGFRmut Cohort Unselected for c-Met, Median PFS Was 10.9 Months and Median OS Was 16.2 Months in Patients Who Received Temab-A
• At the June 02, 2026, data cutoff, median follow-up was 29.5 months (range, 0.4–34.8)
• ORR was 63% (26/41) (95% CI, 46.9–77.9)
○ Median DOR was 9.7 months (95% CI, 8.3–13.5)
Progression-Free Survival
PFS | EGFRmut Overall (n=41)
Events, n (%) | 39 (95)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) | 10.9 (8.3–12.3)
+ Censored
Overall (at risk) 41 40 40 37 36 34 31 29 29 26 20 16 15 10 9 7 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Overall Survival
OS | EGFRmut Overall (n=41)
Events, n (%) | 31 (76)
Median OS, months (95% CI) | 16.2 (11.6–19.9)
+ Censored
Overall (at risk) 41 40 40 39 38 38 37 36 35 34 30 27 26 25 25 24 21 18 16 15 13 11 10 10 9 9 9 8 6 6 3 1 1 1 1 0 0
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026.
DOR, duration of response; EGFRmut, epidermal growth factor receptor mutated; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; Temab-A, telisotuzumab adizutecan.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS (single arm, EGFRmut overall)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
EGFRmut overall - PFS | 41 | 10.9 | 8.3–12.3
EGFRmut overall - OS | 41 | 16.2 | 11.6–19.9
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: Steinbusch 2617RO: study rationale for TIL therapy + chemoimmunotherapy in advanced NSCLC · 2) Trial design schema: Steinbusch 2617RO: trial design, TIL + carboplatin/paclitaxel · 3) Safety data: Steinbusch 2617RO: toxicity of TIL + chemo(immuno)therapy in NSCLC · 4) Slide: Steinbusch 2617RO: efficacy of TIL + chemo(immuno)therapy in NSCLC - OS swimmer plot
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral II: #LCSM Mets
🔥Phase I Study of TIL Therapy in Combination With Chemoimmunotherapy in ≥2nd Line Advanced NSCLC Patients
🎙️Dr. Laurie Steinbusch
🔢2617RO
🎯Manageable Safety, No TIL Infusion Toxicity or Grade 5 Events (n=13)
🎯ORR 23%, DCR 69%, Median PFS 3.4mo, OS 8mo
🎯TIL Product Successfully Made in 85%
🔗 https://t.co/p4tFUd6NwV
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
Study rationale
• TIL therapy successful in advanced melanoma1, but preconditioning NMA chemotherapy and adjuvant IL2 limit the use in NSCLC
• Carboplatin-Paclitaxel reduces tumour-induced elevated levels of circulating total myeloid cells
[Diagram: Tumour excised → Tumour cells / Tumour-infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) → TILs Isolated → T-cell expansion (REP) → Preconditioning and T-cell infusion]
Adapted from Svane, 2016
Use a triple approach to induce optimal anti-tumor effect
1 ChemoTx to reduce immunosuppressive cells in TME
2 TIL infusion
3 Checkpoint Ab to unleash full potential of TIL
1. Rohaan et al. NEJM 2022;387
[Slide 2]
TRIAL DESIGN
KEY ELIGIBILITY
INCLUSION
• Age ≥ 18 years, ECOG 0 or 1
• One lesion > 1 cm, primary or metastatic, amendable for TIL retrieval
• Stable disease on ≥ 2 courses of first-line single-agents immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy, or progressive disease on or after first-line treatment
• Asymptomatic CNS ≤ 1 cm before resection may be eligble
Biopsy or resection for TIL retrieval →
Cohort A 1st
chemotherapy: 3 cycles carboplatin AUC 5 + paclitaxel 175 mg/m² i.v.
TIL: 2.5–10 × 10^8 cells i.v. at weeks 0 and 3
→ Cohort B 2nd
chemotherapy: 3 cycles carboplatin AUC 5 + paclitaxel 175 mg/m² i.v.
TIL: 2.5–10 × 10^8 cells i.v. at weeks 0 and 3
pembrolizumab: Once every 3 weeks 100 / 150 / 200 mg by body weight i.v.
1 crossover (Cohort B → Cohort A)
Primary endpoints: Toxicity according to CTCAE 5.0 criteria.
Secondary endpoints: PFS, OS, feasibility, translation immunological parameters
[Slide 3]
TOXICITY
← Chemotherapy-related (n=28) | ICI-related (n=3) →
Chemotherapy-related (no. of patients): Anemia 5; Thrombopenia 4; Nausea 3; Neuropathy 3; Bronchial infection 1; Constipation 1; Dermatitis 1; Fatigue 1; Folliculitis 1; Hypomagnesiemie 1; Lymphopenia 1; Myalgia 1; Neutropenic fever 1; Pneumoniae 1; Pruritis 1; Pulmonary embolus 1; UTI 1
ICI-related (no. of patients): Hepatitis 1; Nephritis 1; Pruritis 1
Toxicity grade: Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4
No. of patients
• Mostly chemotherapy related toxicity
• Grade ≥3 treatment related toxicity 29%
Only 1 grade 4 toxicity (Thrombopenia)
• 2 Patients with IO-related toxicity
• 1 Patients had renal tubular acidosis gr 1 and hepatitis gr 3, occurring before TIL infusion.
• No toxicity related to TIL infusion
[Slide 4]
EFFICACY
Overall Survival [swimmer plot, patients 1–13, Cohort A / Cohort B; markers: Continued Response, Disease Progression, Lost to follow-up, Patient Alive, Patient Died, Subsequent systemic treatment; ↑ PDL1 >50%]
Months
Events | N | 12
Median OS | months [IQR months] | 8.0 [4.0 - 19.0]
Median PFS | months [IQR months] | 4.0 [2.0 - 6.0]
Best overall response
PR | N (%) | 3 (25)
SD | N (%) | 5 (42)
PD | N (%) | 4 (33)
ORR | % | 23
DCR | % | 69
Mean follow-up time for OS at data cut off 1-9-2026 8.1 months (1.2-20months)
Julien Mazieres@JulienMazieres
1) Slide: FLAURA2 plasma EGFRm clearance rates by arm at Weeks 1, 2, 3, 6 (blurry) · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2: PFS with osi + plat-pem vs osi mono by Week 1 and Week 2
Impact of EGFRm clearance in FLAURA2 trial: efficacy of osi + plat–pem was superior to osi mono regardless of EGFRm clearance status. More sensitive tests awaited to personnalisé consolidation treatments. @myESMO @OncoAlert #ESMO2026 👏 👏@dplanchard https://t.co/5pAZLtLarc
[Slide 2]
[Session banner] 08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
PFS improved with osi + plat–pem versus osi mono irrespective of Week 1 and 2 plasma EGFRm clearance status
Panels: Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 | No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 | Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2 | No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2 (y: Probability of PFS; x: Time from randomisation (months) 0-36)
No. at risk:
Clearance Wk1: osi+plat-pem 39 32 26 21 13 4 0; osi mono 55 46 37 22 14 7 0
No clearance Wk1: osi+plat-pem 65 55 49 30 15 8 0; osi mono 76 57 42 22 11 4 0
Clearance Wk2: osi+plat-pem 72 63 55 42 21 6 0; osi mono 95 74 56 31 10 9 0
No clearance Wk2: osi+plat-pem 41 35 27 22 10 6 0; osi mono 48 30 26 14 7 4 0
Week 1 table: mPFS (95% CI), months | Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat–pem | NR (18.3, NR) | 24.8 (16.8, 30.6)
Osi mono | 16.6 (13.6, 21.0) | 13.6 (11.1, 16.4)
HR (95% CI) | 0.58 (0.33, 1.02) | 0.53 (0.35, 0.80)
Week 2 table: mPFS (95% CI), months | Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat–pem | 27.6 (19.7, NR) | 22.1 (11.8, 30.6)
Osi mono | 13.9 (13.6, 19.4) | 13.8 (5.9, 16.8)
HR (95% CI) | 0.53 (0.35, 0.81) | 0.57 (0.34, 0.96)
Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS).
HRs were calculated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. Clearance was defined as undetected plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline.
[abbreviations footnote]
David Planchard, MD, PhD
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by plasma EGFRm clearance status (Week 1 and Week 2)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osi + plat-pem, clearance Wk1 | 39 | NR | 18.3, NR
Osi mono, clearance Wk1 | 55 | 16.6 mo | 13.6, 21.0
Osi + plat-pem, no clearance Wk1 | 65 | 24.8 mo | 16.8, 30.6
Osi mono, no clearance Wk1 | 76 | 13.6 mo | 11.1, 16.4
Osi + plat-pem, clearance Wk2 | 72 | 27.6 mo | 19.7, NR
Osi mono, clearance Wk2 | 95 | 13.9 mo | 13.6, 19.4
Osi + plat-pem, no clearance Wk2 | 41 | 22.1 mo | 11.8, 30.6
Osi mono, no clearance Wk2 | 48 | 13.8 mo | 5.9, 16.8
HR: Wk1 clearance 0.58; Wk1 no clearance 0.53; Wk2 clearance 0.53; Wk2 no clearance 0.57
HR CI: 0.33-1.02; 0.35-0.80; 0.35-0.81; 0.34-0.96
Natalia Tissera@tisseranatalia_
Kaplan-Meier survival data: poster 478P - early postoperative recurrence and KRAS/MAPK-enriched
Excited to share our research on early recurrence in CCA!
ER identifies a biologically aggressive phenotype with KRAS/MAPK enrichment, highlighting potential opportunities for targeted therapies.
Thank you to all collaborators for their contributions!
#ESMO26 @VHIO https://t.co/uCwrI91NM9
ESMO 2026
478P
Early postoperative recurrence identifies a biologically aggressive KRAS/MAPK-enriched phenotype in cholangiocarcinoma
Natalia S. Tissera 1,2, Andrea Casadei-Gardini 3, Virginia Genovesi 4,5, Anthony Turpin 6, Caterina Vivaldi 4,5, Cristina Dopazo 7, Maria Teresa Salcedo 8, Francesca Ratti 9, Silvia Buonanno 9, Remo Alessandris 9,10, Viviane Gnemmi 11, Emmanuel Boleslawski 12, Sharela Vega 1, Sergio Pérez-Fernandez 1, Ana Vivancos 13, Alejandro García 1, Jorge Hernando 1, Jaume Capdevila 1, Tian Tian 14,15, Teresa Macarulla 14,15
BACKGROUND
Early recurrence (ER) after curative-intent resection for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is frequent and associated with [illegible] prognosis; however, its molecular determinants remain [illegible]
METHODS
Multicenter and retrospective study (2001–2025)
4 European centers
RECURRENCE GROUPS
ANALYTIC COHORT: 289 PATIENTS
G3* Late recurrence ≥36 mo / no recurrence with ≥36 mo f-up 48 (16.6%)
SURVIVAL OUTCOMES
Median follow-up: 61.8 months (95% CI 48.6–85.0)
Disease-free survival Median 10.8 months (95% CI 9.5–12.0)
Overall survival Median 36.5 months (95% CI 30.9–42.0)
Number at risk All 289 127 66 48 25 14 12 9
Number at risk All 289 166 64 39 19 12
OVERALL SURVIVAL BY RECURRENCE GROUP
12-month landmark sensitivity analysis: Recurrence ≤12 months was associated with subsequent mortality: adjusted HR 2.50 (95% CI 1.66–3.78), p<0.001.
Median OS: G1 24.2, G2 38.8, G3 119.5 months
G1 <12 months; G2 12-<36 months; G3 >=36/no recurrence
Log-rank p<0.001
Months from surgery
Number at risk G1 162 23 7 3; G2 79 38 10 3; G3 48 48 22 9
FIRST RECURRENCE ANATOMY
Evaluable distant-component recurrences (n=161)
Liver only | Lung only
G1 40/94 (43%) | 4/94 (4%)
G2 19/49 (39%) | 4/49 (8%)
G3a 5/18 (28%) | 4/18 (22%)
PATHOLOGIC PHENOTYPE
G1 G2 G3 All BH-FDR: q <0.05
LN positive 71 (52%) | 19 (33%) | 3 (8.3%)
pT3-4 63 (41%) | 25 (37%) | 4 (10%)
R1 margin 58 (39%) | 18 (25%) | 7 (16%)
Vascular invasion 103 (69%) | 43 (63%) | 17 (46%)
Moderate/poor differentiation 137 (97%) | 56 (85%) | 29 (74%)
WHOLE-COHORT MULTIVARIABLE COX MODEL
LN involvement: DFS HR 2.02 (95% CI 1.33–3.08); OS HR 2.27 (95% CI 1.45–3.54)
EXPLORATORY EXTREME-PHENOTYPE SUBGROUP: G1a (≤6 months) vs G3b
LN positive 56% vs 11% q=0.003
pT3–4 38% vs 5% q=0.009
MOLECULAR FINDINGS
248/289 profiled (85.8%)
KRAS: 57/232 (24.6%)
KRAS/MAPK BY RECURRENCE GROUP
G1 47/142 (33.1%) | G2 10/68 (14.7%) | G3 10/38 (26.3%)
Global p=0.019
DFS altered vs WT
Median DFS: 7.6 (6.2–11.5) vs 11.4 (10.3–13.8) months. Adjusted HR 1.25 (95% CI 0.85–1.84)*
OS adjusted HR 1.01 (95% CI 0.61–1.67)*
*Adjusted for LN status, tumour size, CCA subtype, margin status and adjuvant therapy.
POST HOC ANALYSIS FOR KRAS/MAPK
BY ANATOMICAL SUBTYPE
eCCA 47/114 (41.2%)
iCCA 20/134 (14.9%)
Fisher p<0.001
EXTREME PHENOTYPES:
G1a 23/51 (45.1%) vs G3b 2/9 (22.2%)
Fisher p=0.28; BH q=1.00
Prespecified pathways: MAPK; tumour suppressor/cell-cycle; iCCA-enriched alterations; PI3K/PTEN.
No non-MAPK pathway differed after FDR; no group×anatomy interaction (p=0.715).
CONCLUSION
ER identifies a clinically and biologically aggressive CCA phenotype with nominal KRAS/MAPK enrichment, warranting future studies evaluating the potential benefit of KRAS-targeted strategies.
Alfredo Addeo MD@Alfdoc2
Slide: Presenter Maxime Borgeaud with poster 2677P: liquid biopsy in fusion-driven NSCLC
👏 Huge congratulations to my colleague @Maxime_Borgeaud for presenting his excellent poster on liquid biopsy in fusion-driven NSCLC at #ESMO26!
Great to see the results of his work at Gustave Roussy!
And on a personal note, I couldn’t be happier to welcome him back to Geneva @hug_ge after a fantastic year at Gustave Roussy!
Looking forward to having you back on the team, Maxime! 🚀
#ESMO26 #ESMOAmbassadors #LungCancer #NSCLC #LiquidBiopsy #ThoracicOncology
Liquid Biopsy in Fusion-Driven NSCLC: Informative Rates, Resistance Detection, and Clinical Impact
2677P
GUSTAVE ROUSSY
Maxime BORGEAUD, Daniela MILIZIANO, Arianna MARINELLO, Voreak SUYBENG, Olfa TRABELSI-GRATI, Lodovica ZULLO, Marie MORFOUACE, Maud NGOCAMUS, Adrien ROUSSEAU, Marie PORTE, Pernelle LAVAUD, Pamela ABDAYEM, Maxime FRELAUT, Jordi REMON, Anas GAZZAH, Fabrice BARLESI, David PLANCHARD, Etienne ROULEAU, Antoine ITALIANO, Benjamin BESSE, Mihaela ALDEA
Background
• Liquid biopsy (LBx) enables non-invasive molecular profiling, yet its performance in fusion-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poorly defined.
• This study evaluated the performance of LBx in the detection of driver fusions and co-alterations at baseline and on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) progression. We assessed the yield of LBx to detect resistance mechanisms to TKI, and how often the results impacted patient management.
Methods
• Retrospective study at Gustave Roussy, January 2021– July 2026, including patients with advanced ALK-, ROS1-, RET- or NTRK-rearranged NSCLC and ≥1 FoundationOne Liquid CDx (324 genes) LBx. Baseline LBx = before 1st line TKI, Progression LBx = after ≥1 fusion-directed TKI.
• A LBx was considered informative when ≥1 somatic alteration was detected (excluding germline and CHIP). Resistance alterations were classified as on-target, bypass*, secondary fusion or potential histologic switch**
• Resistance detection rates were assessed for each driver, according to tumor fraction (TF).
• Treatment proposals and adaptation, and best responses were retrieved from review of molecular tumor board (MTB) records and medical chart review.
Results
Patients and samples
A total of 282 patients were included: 150 with ALK, 61 with ROS1, 66 with RET, and 5 with NTRK rearrangement. Median age was 58 years, 56% were women and 60% never smokers.
In total, 109 baseline LBx (107 patients) and 280 progression LBx (200 patients: ALK 165 LBx/121 patients, ROS1 67/47, RET 48/32) were analyzed. TF was reported in 266 (95%) and was ≥1% in 98 (35%).
Driver | Fusion detected, baseline | Fusion detected, progression | Informative, baseline | Informative, progression
ALK | 22/37 (59%) | 102/165 (62%) | 26/37 (70%) | 120/165 (73%)
ROS1 | 11/18 (61%) | 32/67 (48%) | 14/18 (78%) | 41/67 (61%)
RET | 38/48 (79%) | 28/48 (58%) | 42/48 (88%) | 31/48 (65%)
All* | 74/109 (68%) | 162/280 (58%) | 86/109 (79%) | 192/280 (69%)
Table 1. Driver fusion detected and informative LBx (≥1 tumor-derived alteration), n/N (%). *Including NTRK (baseline only)
Detection of resistance mechanisms
A resistance mechanism was confirmed in 69/280 progression LBx (25%): 51% with TF ≥1% vs 10% with TF <1% or not reported, across drivers and TKIs (Figure 2). 77% of LBx without a mechanism had TF <1% or not reported.
TF ≥1% was less frequent when the TKI was ongoing at LBx (30% vs 54%, p=0.001; n=172), but not after adjustment for metastatic site and ECOG (adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.15–1.06). No patient with brain-only (0/5) or intrathoracic-only disease (0/7) had TF ≥1%.
TF ≥1% | TF <1% or not reported
By driver | OR (95% CI)
All drivers 19/182 | 50/98 | 8.9 (4.8–16.6)
ALK 10/103 | 27/62 | 7.2 (3.1–16.3)
ROS1 7/50 | 13/17 | 20.0 (5.0–79.1)
RET 2/29 | 10/19 | 15.0 (2.8–81.7)
By most recent TKI
Lorlatinib (ALK) 3/50 | 16/31 | 16.7 (4.3–65.3)
2nd-gen. ALK TKI 6/32 | 7/13 | 5.1 (1.2–20.6)
Selective RET TKI 1/27 | 8/16 | 26.0 (2.8–240.5)
Progression LBx with a confirmed resistance mechanism
Figure 2. Proportion of progression LBx with a confirmed resistance mechanism according to TF (n/N), by driver and most recent TKI; odds ratios with 95% CI
Resistance mechanisms by driver
On-target mutations predominated in ROS1 and bypass alterations in RET, whereas both were similarly frequent in ALK (Figure 3). The most frequent bypass alterations are shown in Figure 4. MET amplification was found in only 7 of 280 LBx (2.5%) with a median TF of 19.5 (1.2-36) in these samples, consistent with the limitation of LBx to detect CNVs.
Figure 4. Bypass alterations detected in progression LBx, by driver (number of LBx)
Treatment adaptation and response
A mechanism-directed treatment was proposed after 53/69 LBx with a mechanism [obscured] given after 33 (62%), i.e. 11.8% of progression LBx (Figure 5); ORR was 45% (Figure 6).
ORR was higher with adaptation in ALK, but low in ROS1 and RET regardless of adaptatio[obscured] (Figure 7).
With a bypass alteration, ORR was 40% (4/10) with bypass-directed treatment vs 18% (3/17[obscured] with a fusion-directed TKI alone.
ALK
Resistance explained 37/165 (22.4%)
Treatment proposed 28/165 (17.0%)
[Slide 1]
Efficacy: Group 1 (≥2L NSCLC, monotherapy)
CS2009 monotherapy demonstrated promising clinical efficacy in heavily pre-treated NSCLC
| All Evaluable Patients | 30 mg/kg | Squamous, 30 mg/kg | Non-squamous, 30 mg/kg
ORR, % (n) | 16.7% (9/54) | 28.0% (7/25) | 33.3% (4/12) | 23.1% (3/13)
DCR, % (n) | 68.5% (37/54) | 60.0% (15/25) | 75.0% (9/12) | 46.2% (6/13)
mDoR, month | 10.5 | 10.5 | - | -
[Waterfall plot: best change from baseline, % by dose (10/20/30/45 mg/kg), prior anti-angiogenic, prior IO; spider plot: change from baseline, % vs Months]
CS2009 is well tolerated with treatment duration exceeded 12 months at 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
[Slide 2]
Efficacy: Group 2 (2/3L NSCLC, in combination with docetaxel)
CS2009 + docetaxel demonstrated promising preliminary clinical efficacy in IO-pretreated NSCLC
| All Evaluable Patients | 20 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg
ORR, % (n) | 55.6% (10/18) | 55.6% (5/9) | 55.6% (5/9)
DCR, % (n) | 100% (18/18) | 100% (9/9) | 100% (9/9)
[Waterfall plot: best change from baseline, % (20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg), histology SQ/NSQ and PD-L1 (%) per patient; spider plot: change from baseline, % vs Months; Treatment ongoing]
Dr. Anwen Xiong
[Slide 3]
Efficacy: Group 3 (1L NSCLC, monotherapy)
CS2009 monotherapy demonstrated compelling clinical efficacy in first-line, PD-L1 TPS ≥1% NSCLC
| All Evaluable Patients | 20 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | Squamous | Non-squamous
TPS ≥1% ORR, % (n) | 66.7% (32/48) | 58.3% (14/24) | 75.0% (18/24) | 69.0% (20/29) | 63.2% (12/19)
TPS ≥1% DCR, % (n) | 93.8% (45/48) | 95.8% (23/24) | 91.7% (22/24) | 96.6% (28/29) | 89.5% (17/19)
TPS ≥50% ORR, % (n) | 87.5% (21/24) | 76.9% (10/13) | 100% (11/11) | 91.7% (11/12) | 83.3% (10/12)
TPS ≥50% DCR, % (n) | 95.8% (23/24) | 92.3% (12/13) | 100% (11/11) | 100% (12/12) | 91.7% (11/12)
[Waterfall plot: Best change from baseline, %; TPS ≥1%; 20 mg/kg vs 30 mg/kg; per-patient PD/SD/PR labels, histology and PD-L1 (%) row]
[Spider plot: Change from baseline, % vs Months; 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, First New Lesion, Treatment ongoing; TPS ≥1%]
Median DoR and median PFS were not reached due to short follow-up.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
DCR: disease control rate; DoR: duration of response; L: line; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; NSQ: non-squamous; ORR: objective response rate; PD: progressive disease; PFS: progression-free survival; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; SQ: squamous; TPS: tumor proportion score.
[Slide 4]
Efficacy: Group 4 (1L SQ NSCLC, in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin)
CS2009 + paclitaxel + carboplatin demonstrated compelling clinical efficacy in first-line squamous NSCLC
| All Evaluable Patients | 20 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | PD-L1 TPS <1% | PD-L1 TPS 1-49%* | PD-L1 TPS ≥50%
ORR, % (n) | 80.8% (21/26) | 76.9% (10/13) | 84.6% (11/13) | 100% (8/8) | 66.7% (10/15) | 100% (2/2)
DCR, % (n) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (13/13) | 100% (13/13) | 100% (8/8) | 100% (15/15) | 100% (2/2)
* 14/15 with PD-L1 TPS ≤5%
Note: One additional patient with unknown PD-L1 status achieved a PR.
[Waterfall plot: Best change from baseline, %; 20 mg/kg vs 30 mg/kg; all SQ; per-patient SD/PR labels and PD-L1 (%) row]
[Spider plot: Change from baseline, % vs Months; 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, First New Lesion, Treatment ongoing]
Median DoR and median PFS were not reached due to short follow-up.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
DCR: disease control rate; DoR: duration of response; L: line; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; NSQ: non-squamous; ORR: objective response rate; PD-L1: programmed death-ligand 1; PFS: progression-free survival; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; SQ: squamous; UK: unknown.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 2622P - clinical and genomic landscape of de novo MET-amplified NSCLC, LC-SCRUM-Asia
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Clinical and Genomic Landscape of De Novo MET Amplified NSCLC (LC-SCRUM-Asia)
🎙️Dr. Takanori Enomoto
🔢2622P
🎯De Novo MET Amp in 0.9% (194/20,902)
🎯MET High Amp (CNV≥10) an Independent Poor Prognostic Factor for PFS (HR 1.90)
🎯Limited Benefit From Standard ICI and/or Platinum Chemo (Median PFS 3.4mo)
🔗 https://t.co/AUk587zcTf
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
2622P
Clinical and Genomic Landscape of de novo MET Amplified Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (LC-SCRUM-Asia)
Takanori Enomoto, Hiroki Izumi, Shingo Matsumoto, Naoki Furuya, Ichiro Nakachi, Shuji Murakami, Masahiro Kodani, Eiji Iwama, Hironori Ashinuma, Kazumi Nishino, Reiko Matsuzawa, Ryo Toyozawa, Jun Sugisaka, Mariko Okamoto, Shoichi Kuyama, Taku Nakagawa, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Kiyotaka Yoh, Koichi Goto
Background
● De novo MET Amplification (Amp) is observed in approximately 1–5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
● In recent years, novel therapies for NSCLC with de novo MET high Amp have been developed.
● However, the clinical, pathological, and genomic features and treatment outcomes of NSCLC with de novo MET Amp, and the optimal next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based cutoff for defining MET high Amp remain unclear.
Objective
● To investigate the clinical, pathological, and genomic features and treatment outcomes of NSCLC with de novo MET Amp.
● To determine the optimal NGS-based cutoff corresponding to a FISH MET/CEP7 ratio of ≥5 for defining MET high Amp.
Materials and Methods
● We retrospectively analyzed patients with NSCLC from the LC-SCRUM clinical-genomic database (2013–2025).
● MET copy number variant (CNV) was analyzed by Oncomine Comprehensive or Precision Assay. MET Amp was defined as CNV ≥4.
● To establish an NGS-based cutoff for MET high Amp, linear regression analysis was performed on paired NGS and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results from the same tissue specimens.
● We evaluated clinical, pathological, and genomic features and treatment outcomes of NSCLC with de novo MET Amp.
● PD-L1 TPS was assessed by 22C3 assay and categorized as negative (<1%), low (1–49%), and high (≥50%). TMB was assessed by Oncomine Tumor Mutation Load Assay.
Results
Figure 1. Study flow chart
Patients with lung cancer enrolled in LC-SCRUM, February 2013 – November 2025 N = 22,990
SCLC n = 1,220
NSCLC n = 21,770
Patients without NGS data n = 1,545
NSCLC with NGS results n = 20,225
NGS and FISH paired for MET Amp n = 848 (NGS-based cutoff validation cohort)
Treatment-resistant NSCLC n = 2,088
Treatment-naive NSCLC n = 18,137
Patients with de novo MET Amp n = 194 (1.1%) (low 153, high 41) (Clinical, pathological, and genomic features evaluation cohort)
35 excluded - 18 had MET exon 14 skipping - 14 had EGFR mutations - 2 had ROS1 fusions - 1 had a HER2 mutation
Patients without other driver alterations n = 159 (low 125, high 34)
35 excluded - 15 were BSC alone - 12 were not advanced - 8 received other treatments (5 received non-platinum chemotherapy; 2 received an investigational drug; 1 received a TKI)
Patients treated with ICI±Platinum-Based Chemotherapy or Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as first-line treatment n = 124 (low 97, high 27)
Patients treated with ICI+Platinum-Based Chemotherapy n = 41 (low 31, high 10); ICI Monotherapy n = 21 (low 17, high 4); Platinum-Based Chemotherapy n = 62 (low 49, high 13)
Table 1. Patient Characteristics (All de novo MET Amp (CNV≥4) N = 194 | MET low Amp (4≤CNV<10) n = 153 | MET high Amp (CNV≥10) n = 41 | Non-MET Amp n = 17,922 | P value)
Sex Male | 163 (84) | 129 (84) | 34 (83) | 11,716 (65) | < 0.01
Age, years Median (range) | 66 (28–89) | 66 (28–87) | 65 (37–89) | 69 (12–97) | < 0.01
Smoking Ever | 172 (89) | 135 (88) | 37 (90) | 13,047 (73) | < 0.01
Histology Adeno | 158 (81) | 128 (84) | 30 (73) | 13,364 (75) | < 0.01
Figure 2. Relationship Between FISH (Gold Standard) and NGS for Defining MET High Amp
N = 95 (NGS CNV≥4 of 848 paired cases)
y = 1.53x + 3.05, r = 0.56, P < 0.01
NGS MET high Amp (CNV≥10) vs FISH MET high Amp (MET/CEP7≥5): PPV 81% (17 / 21); NPV 72% (53 / 74); PPA 45% (17 / 38); NPA 93% (53 / 57); OPA 74% (70 / 95)
Figure 3. Frequency of targetable gene alterations
All de novo MET Amp (CNV≥4) N = 194: MET exon 14 skipping, 9%; EGFR mutation, 7%; ROS1 fusion, 1%; HER2 mutation, 1%; Negative, 82%
MET high Amp (CNV≥10) n = 41: MET exon 14 skipping, 10%; EGFR mutation, 7%; Negative, 83%
Figure 4. PD-L1 Expression and TMB by MET Amp Level
A) PD-L1 status: High (≥50%) All de novo MET Amp 57%, MET low Amp 64%, MET high Amp 29%, Non-MET Amp 27%
B) TMB, mutations/Mb median: All de novo MET Amp 7.6 (N = 17); MET low Amp 7.6 (n = 14); MET high Amp 34.8 (n = 3); Non-MET Amp 4.2 (n = 3,492)
Figure 5. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) by First-Line Treatment
A) ICI+Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: mPFS High 7.7, Low 7.8, All 7.8 months; HR (95% CI) 0.88 (0.40–1.94) vs Low reference; Log-rank P = 0.75
B) ICI Monotherapy: mPFS High 1.4, Low 6.3, All 6.3 months; HR 0.67 (0.19–2.41); Log-rank P = 0.54
C) Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: mPFS High 1.4, Low 4.4, All 3.5 months; HR 3.96 (1.98–7.91); Log-rank P < 0.01
Conclusions
● Compared with non-MET Amp NSCLC, de novo MET Amp was more frequent in males, ever-smokers and adenocarcinoma, and showed higher PD-L1 positivity and TMB. MET high Amp tended to show higher TMB than MET low Amp.
● With FISH as the reference, NGS CNV≥10, corresponding to a FISH MET/CEP7 ratio≥5, showed a high PPV; however, it may underestimate MET high Amp defined by FISH.
● Among patients receiving first-line treatment, MET high Amp was associated with poorer outcomes than MET low Amp with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy, whereas no significant difference in PFS was observed between the two groups following ICI+Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.
Takanori Enomoto taenomot@east.ncc.go.jp
Dr Riyaz Shah@DrRiyazShah
1) Slide: MTAP in mesothelioma - introduction slide with 9p21.3 locus and methionine salvage pathway · 2) Slide: MTAP in mesothelioma - MESOBANK material: 1433 samples, histology breakdown and patient · 3) Slide: MTAP IHC vs CDKN2A FISH concordance in mesothelioma (N=108) · 4) Slide: Clinical and pathological profile of MTAP loss in pleural mesothelioma (n=1232)
MTAP loss in #mesothelioma; MESOBANK 1433 cases; 12% have heterogeneous expression of MTAP; more expression in non-E; poorer prognosis probably related to preponderance in non-E; #ESMO26 https://t.co/XPSC0gbaiM
[Slide 1]
Introduction
The 5 Methyl Thio Adenosine Phosphorylase (MTAP) is involved in methionine salvage pathway, and its gene is often co-deleted with CDKN2A/p16INK4a gene, at 9p21.3 locus.
MTAP deficiency prevalence in mesothelioma ranges from 40 to 60% depending on testing methods, histological subtypes and series
MTAP loss of expression is promising marker:
– for diagnosis, as a CDKN2A homozygous deletion (HD) surrogate marker of malignancy,
– for prognosis, being previously reported as a poor prognostic factor
– for prediction of PRMT5/MT2A inhibitors' response,
Chromosome 9
9p21.3
Tel 5' | IFN gene cluster | MTAP | CDKN2A | CDKN2B | 3' Cen
222 kb
1A | 1B
MAT2A, ATP+ Methinonine, SAM, Polyamine biosynthesis, Adenine+, MTR, MTA, MTAP
MAT2A inhibitors, Cooperative PRMT5 inhibitors, Immune microenvironment, 9p21 loss
Bray C et al. Frontiers in Oncology, 2023 , Brune MM et al. Lung cancer 2024, Gorbokon N et al. AJSP 2024, Davidson B et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024, Febres-Aldana et al. Modern Pathol 2024, Vrugt B et al. Cancers (Basel) 2023, Brcic L et al. Virchow Archiv. 2023
[Slide 2]
Material
1.433 samples were retrieved from the MESOBANK between 2024 and 2026.
All diagnoses (Epithelioid Mesothelioma, Biphasic M, Sarcomatoid M, Benign mesothelial lesions) were certified by NETMESO-MESOPATH and RENAPE pathologists.
Clinical data (gender, age, asbestose exposure, OS), as well as histomolecular features were retreived for the MESOBANK database.
1433 samples
92 benign lesions
1152 PM (86%) | 189 PeM (14%)
784 EM (68% of PM) | 164 EM (86% of PeM)
182 BM (15,7%) | 18 BM (10%)
179 SM (15,5%) | 7 SM (4%)
| Pleural samples n=1.232 | Peritoneal samples n=201 | Total n=1.433
Gender Male | 890 (88.6%) | 114 (11.4%) | 1004 (100.0%)
Gender Female | 341 (79.7%) | 87 (20.3%) | 428 (100.0%)
Age Mean (SD) | 76.817 (9.828) | 67.930 (15.392) | 75.570 (11.209)
Age Median (Range) | 78.000 (29.000, 97.000) | 72.000 (21.000, 92.000) | 77.000 (21.000, 97.000)
Age groups [0,65] | 136 (64.8%) | 74 (35.2%) | 210 (100.0%)
Age groups [65,100] | 1096 (89.6%) | 127 (10.4%) | 1223 (100.0%)
Vital status Dead | 572 (85.9%) | 94 (14.1%) | 666 (100.0%)
Vital status Alive | 660 (86.0%) | 107 (14.0%) | 767 (100.0%)
Asbestose exposure No | 140 (92.1%) | 12 (7.9%) | 152 (100.0%)
Asbestose exposure Yes | 390 (97.0%) | 12 (3.0%) | 402 (100.0%)
Asbestose exposure Unknwon | 702 (79.9%) | 177 (20.1%) | 879 (100.0%)
[Slide 3]
Results (cont.) : Is MTAP loss, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, a reliable surrogate marker for CDKN2A gene HD and malignancy?
When comparing MTAP IHC with CDKN2A FISH :
- The concordance rate was 88%
- No benign lesions showed a loss of MTAP expression
- The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the MTAP IHC test were of 81%, 91%, 81% and 91% %, respectively
N=108 (67 mesotheliomas and 41 benign lesions) | MTAP retained (by IHC) n=68 | MTAP loss (by IHC) n=32 | MTAP partial loss (by IHC) n=8
CDKN2A homozygous deletion (n=35) | 6 (5%) 2 EM 1 BM and 3 SM | 26 (24%) | 3 (3%) 3 EM
CDKN2A heterozygous deletion (n=19) | 13 (12%) incl 4 benign lesions | 2 (2%) 1 SM and 1 EM | 4 (4%), 2EM and 2 BM
No CDKN2A deletion (n=54) | 49 (45%) incl 37 benign lesions | 4 (4%) 1 EM, 2 BM, 1 SM | 1 (0,9%) 1 BM
[Slide 4]
Results (cont.): What is the clinical and pathological profile of MTAP loss in mesothelioma?
A loss of MTAP expression was observed in 48% of PM; it was rare event in PeM (16%).
It was predominantly observed in BM and SM subtypes.
No correlation was observed with asbestos exposure, architecture or grade in EM subtypes, necrosis, inflammation, BAP1 expression or mutations.
For pleural lesions: | MTAP loss (n=600) | MTAP retained (n=632) | Total (n=1232) | p value
Gender Males | 459 (51.6%) | 431 (48.4%) | 890 (100.0%) | 0.001
Gender Females | 141 (41.3%) | 200 (58.7%) | 341 (100.0%)
Age Mean (SD) | 78.427 (8.231) | 75.288 (10.922) | 76.817 (9.828) | < 0.001
Age Median (Range) | 79.000 (43.000, 97.000) | 77.000 (29.000, 95.000) | 78.000 (29.000, 97.000)
Age groups [0,65] | 38 (27.9%) | 98 (72.1%) | 136 (100.0%) | < 0.001
Age groups (65,100] | 562 (51.3%) | 534 (48.7%) | 1096 (100.0%)
Bap1 IHC 0 | 304 (47.2%) | 340 (52.8%) | 644 (100.0%) | 0.223
Bap1 IHC 1_2_3_4 | 296 (50.7%) | 288 (49.3%) | 584 (100.0%)
Histology EM | 331 (42.4%) | 449 (57.6%) | 780 (100.0%) | < 0.001
Histology BM | 127 (69.8%) | 55 (30.2%) | 182 (100.0%)
Histology SM | 131 (73.2%) | 48 (26.8%) | 179 (100.0%)
Mutations | ARID1A/B, ATM, BAP1, LATS1/2, SETD2/DB1, NF2 | ATM, BAP1, LATS1/2, SETD2/DB1,BAP1, MTAP (1), NF2
Fusions | BAP1, CDKN2A (1) MTAP (5), NF2 | BAP1, MTAP (1), NF2
Oriol Mirallas MD@DrMirallas
Trial design schema: IBI3001 (EGFR x B7-H3 bispecific ADC) Phase 1a study design (ESMO 2026)
Study design
Ph1a Dose Escalation & Backfill (mCRM & BLRM ) in Australia + China + United States
DLT Observation Stage (Before MTD), DLT window: 21 days | No DLT Observation
Key inclusion criteria:
1. Age ≥18
2. Locally advanced unresectable or metastatic solid tumor
3. Standard treatment does not exist, is no longer effective, or is not acceptable to the subject
4. ≥1 evaluable lesion per RECIST V1.1
5. ECOG PS 0 or 1
IBI3001 1mg/kg IV Q3W N=1
IBI3001 3mg/kg IV Q3W N=3
IBI3001 6mg/kg IV Q3W N=3
IBI3001 10mg/kg IV Q3W N=3
IBI3001 8mg/kg IV Q3W N=3+3
IBI3001 Evaluated dose groups Backfill*
*Backfill enrollment will be focused on specific tumor types. Additional cohorts are permitted to add at the current, previously explored, or intermediate dose levels. If dose escalation is ongoing, backfill patients should be observed and recorded for DLTs. If the MTD has been determined or dose escalation has stopped, newly enrolled backfill patients will not undergo DLT observation
All patients treated until PD, toxicity intolerance, withdrawal of informed consent or treatment duration reaches 24 months
Primary Endpoint: dose escalation-safety, DLTs, RP2D; dose expansion-efficacy
Secondary Endpoints: PK, immunogenicity
Exploratory Endpoint: relationship between efficacy/safety and B7-H3/EGFR expression level
• Dose Escalation: Intermediate dose between non-tolerated dose and preceding lower dose and altered treatment interval is permitted. From 6mg/kg dose, at least one patient in AU or CN is encouraged.
• Dose Optimization: Two or more RDEs will be selected based on safety, PK and efficacy data to further determine safety, efficacy and RP2D. Randomization study will be done to obtain an optimal dose level at 1-2 selected indications.
• Abbreviations: Modified Continual Reassessment Method (mCRM), Bayesian Logistic Regression Model (BLRM), Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD), Dose-Limiting Toxicities (DLTs).
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: TERESA poster 2529P - real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in unresected stage I-II NSCLC
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥TERESA: Real-World Treatment (Tx) Patterns and Outcomes in Patients (Pts) With Unresected Stage (Stg) I–II Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
🎙️ @StephenVLiu
🔢2529P
🎯40% of Stage I–II NSCLC Unresected (n=1986)
🎯88% Got RT; Stereotactic RT Numerically Best
🎯Median OS 45.1 vs 31.2 (Other RT) vs 19.0mo (No Local Tx)
🎯>40% Had Recurrence or Death Within 2 Yrs
🔗 https://t.co/AkAeSQ8jmN
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Poster 2529P
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with unresected stage I–II non-small-cell lung cancer: The TERESA study
Solange Peters, Stephen V. Liu, Tatiana Shcherbakova, Yao Qiao, Ling Cai, Alice Wang, Jan Sieluk, Joe Y. Chang
Objective
• To describe treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among patients with unresected stage I–II NSCLC.
Conclusions
• In this contemporary real-world analysis, >40% of patients with stage I–II NSCLC did not undergo surgery; of these, ~88% received RT, most commonly stereotactic RT.
• Use of systemic therapy as part of the initial treatment regimen was limited. For example, only ~6% of patients treated with stereotactic RT were recorded as also receiving systemic treatment as part of their initial treatment regimen.
• Patients in the unresected cohort who received stereotactic RT had the most favourable outcomes, likely due to the survival benefit associated with SBRT, in addition to a higher proportion of stage I disease and T1 tumours relative to patients treated with other or no RT.
• Even with stereotactic RT, >40% of patients were estimated to have experienced recurrence or death within 2 years.
• These findings highlight a clear unmet need in unresected early-stage NSCLC and support evaluation of tolerable systemic therapies to complement SBRT and improve clinical outcomes in this setting.
Introduction
• Surgery remains the primary curative-intent Tx for early-stage NSCLC; however, ~30% of patients do not undergo definitive surgery due to medical inoperability or patient preference.
• SBRT (also called SABR), defined as high-dose, precisely focused radiation typically delivered over 1–5 fractions, is the standard of care for patients with early-stage, lymph node–negative NSCLC who do not undergo surgery.
• SBRT has greatly improved the management of early-stage NSCLC: it achieves excellent local control (≥90% at 5 years) with low rates of grade ≥3 toxicity and has enabled significantly more patients to receive curative-intent Tx.
• Given technological advances in SBRT delivery over recent decades, existing studies of SBRT in unresected early-stage NSCLC may not fully reflect outcomes achieved with contemporary approaches. Consequently, contemporary data in this patient population remain limited.
Methods
• Eligible patients were identified from the US-based Flatiron Health EDM for early-stage NSCLC.
Figure 1. Study design for the TERESA study
Study population • Adults • Primary diagnosis of NSCLC • Stage I–II at initial diagnosis • No known ALK aberration • No other malignancies • With follow-up after NSCLC diagnosis
Identification period Jan 2019 – May 2024; Data cutoff Nov 2024
Outcome measures • Tx patterns in unresected patients • TTRD in unresected patients • TTDRD in unresected patients • OS in unresected patients • Patient disposition and characteristics
Figure 2. Patient selection in TERESA
Adults with primary diagnosis of NSCLC (N=10189) -> Stage I–II at initial diagnosis (N=6958) -> Initial NSCLC diagnosis from Jan 2019–May 2024 (N=6713) -> No known ALK aberration (N=6665) -> With follow-up after NSCLC diagnosis (N=6654) -> No cancer diagnosis prior to NSCLC diagnosis (N=4921; FAS) -> With N0 nodal status (N=3942; N0 subgroup)
Results and interpretation
Disposition and local Tx patterns
• Overall, 4921 patients with stage I–II NSCLC were eligible for inclusion in TERESA (Figure 3)
• Of these, 40.4% comprised the unresected cohort
– Among patients with unresected disease, 87.9% received RT
– Stereotactic RT was the most common type of RT, accounting for 72.4% of RT-treated patients
• Findings in the N0 subgroup were consistent with those observed in the FAS
Figure 3. Patient disposition in the (A) FAS and (B) N0 subgroup: did not undergo surgery 40.4% | 38.9%; received RT 87.9% | 89.9%; received stereotactic RT 72.4% | 79.0% [arm n values illegible]
Systemic Tx patterns
• In the unresected cohort, 5.7%, 60.9%, and 24.5% of patients treated with stereotactic RT, other RT, and no RT, respectively, were recorded as receiving systemic Tx as part of their initial Tx regimen (Table 1)
• In the N0 subgroup, proportionally fewer patients in the other RT and no RT cohorts were recorded as receiving systemic Tx.
Clinical outcomes
• In patients with unresected disease in the FAS and N0 subgroup, median follow-up (range) was 18.3 mo (0.2–70.8) and 19.3 mo (0.2–70.8), respectively.
• More favourable outcomes were observed among patients who received stereotactic RT compared with those who received other or no RT (Figure 4A–C); however, even with stereotactic RT, 40.4% (calculated as 100% minus the 2-year probability of remaining free from recurrence or death; 59.6% [95% CI: 56.4–62.7]) of patients were estimated to have experienced recurrence or death within 2 years (Figure 4A).
• When deaths were censored rather than counted as events, the overall pattern of results across groups was consistent with the main TTRD and TTDRD analyses (Figure 5A–B); 27.2% (calculated as 100% minus the 2-year probability of remaining free from recurrence; 72.8% [95% CI: 69.5–75.7]) of patients who received stereotactic RT were estimated to have experienced recurrence within 2 years (Figure 5A).
• OS following recurrence was poor across unresected subgroups; median OS (95% CI) was 14.7 mo (12.9–19.3) with stereotactic RT, 11.7 mo (8.4–15.6) with other RT, and 20.5 mo (10.0–36.3) with no RT (Figure 5C).
• In the N0 subgroup, clinical outcomes were consistent with those observed in the FAS (Figure 4D–F; Figure 5D–F).
Table 1. Systemic Tx patterns in unresected patients in the FAS and N0 subgroup [values illegible]
Table 2. Patient and disease characteristics in the FAS [values illegible]
Figure 4. TTRD, TTDRD, and OS in the (A–C) FAS and (D–F) N0 subgroup [legend values illegible]
Figure 5. TTR, TTDR, and OS following recurrence in the (A–C) FAS and (D–F) N0 subgroup [legend values illegible]
Corresponding author email address: solange.peters@chuv.ch
Poster presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Madrid, Spain, 23–27 Oct 2026
Gaia Griguolo@GaiaGriguolo
1) Trial design schema: TUXEDO-3 study design: HER3-DXd in BMs (mBC, aNSCLC) and LMD · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: TUXEDO-3 cohort 1 (mBC with active BMs) overall survival KM · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: TUXEDO-3 cohort 3 (LMD from solid tumors) overall survival KM · 4) Slide: TUXEDO-3 conclusions
Final results of the TUXEDO-3 trial presented at #ESMO26
T-DXd for 🧠 mets from mBC and aNSCLC and in solid tumors LMD
mOS 7.9 mos for mBC 🧠 mets
mOS 10.5 mos for LMD
Again evidence that ADCs if active also show intracranial activity
@OncoAlert https://t.co/X8E7XQv6xG
[Slide 1]
Study design
• Open label, single-arm, three-cohort, non-comparative, Simon's two-stage design, phase II trial.
Key inclusion criteria
• Age ≥18 years
• Histologically documented mBC (cohort 1), aNSCLC (cohort 2), or advanced solid tumors with LMD (cohort 3).
• KPS ≥70%.
• ECOG PS ≤2.
• LVEF ≥50 %.
• Newly diagnosed BMs or BMs progressing after local therapy (cohorts 1 and 2).
• ≥1 measurable brain lesions (≥10 mm; cohorts 1 and 2).
• ≥1 line of systemic treatment in the advanced setting (cohorts 1 and 2).
COHORT 1 mBC with active BMs n = 21*
COHORT 2 aNSCLC with active BMs n = 20
COHORT 3 LMD from solid tumors n = 22**
First Patient In 12 Dec 2023 | Stage I 10 patients/cohort | Interim analysis 28 Oct 2024 | Stage II 10 patients/cohort | Primary analysis 28 Feb 2025 | End of study and final analysis 3 April 2026
HER3-DXd 5.6 mg/kg IV Q3W
Until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal for any reason
* The last two patients from cohort 1 were enrolled simultaneously at different sites and both were finally included in the study.
** 20 patients were initially treated with HER3-DXd; however, 2 were subsequently determined not to meet the inclusion criteria. They were excluded from the full analysis set but included in the safety analysis set. 2 additional patients were enrolled.
Primary endpoints
• Intracranial ORR (cohorts 1 and 2).
• 3-month OS rate (cohort 3).
Key secondary endpoints
• ORR, CBR, DCR, PFS, DoR, TTR for intracranial, extracranial, and bicompartmental lesions as per central review.
• OS.
• Safety and tolerability (CTCAE v.5.0).
• Quality of life and neurocognitive function (EORTC QLQ-C30, and BN20).
• Neurologic function (NANO scale).
Key exploratory endpoints
• Association between HER3 expression with efficacy endpoints.
aNSCLC, advanced non-small cell lung cancer; BMs, brain metastases; CBR, clinical benefit rate; CTCAE v.5.0, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0; DCR, disease control rate; DoR, duration of response; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; EORTC QLQ, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire; HER3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3; HER3-DXd: patritumab deruxtecan; IV, intravenously; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status; LMD, leptomeningeal disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; mBC, metastatic breast cancer; NANO, Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; QW3, once every 3 weeks; TTR, time to response.
[Slide 2]
Overall survival
Cohort 1: mBC with active BMs
• Median follow-up: 6.7 months (range, 1.4-26.2).
• Events: 81.0% (17/21).
Median OS: 7.9 months (95% CI, 5.7-12.8)
Number at risk (number censored) (months 0-24, every 3)
21 (0) 17 (1) 12 (1) 7 (2) 6 (2) 5 (2) 3 (2) 3 (2) 1 (4)
BMs, brain metastases; CI, confidence interval; mBC, metastatic breast cancer; OS, overall survival.
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (cohort 1, mBC with active BMs)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
HER3-DXd, cohort 1 | 21 | 7.9 months | 5.7-12.8
[Slide 3]
Overall survival
Cohort 3: LMD from solid tumors
• Median follow-up: 5.4 months (range, 0.8-23.1).
• Events: 70.0% (14/20).
Median OS: 10.5 months (95% CI, 2.1-13.1)
Number at risk (number censored) (months 0-21, every 3)
20 (0) 13 (1) 10 (2) 8 (3) 5 (3) 4 (3) 3 (3) 3 (3)
CI, confidence interval; OS, overall survival.
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival (cohort 3, LMD from solid tumors)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
HER3-DXd, cohort 3 | 20 | 10.5 months | 2.1-13.1
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
• HER3-DXd demonstrated clinically meaningful intracranial activity in patients with active BMs of breast and lung cancers, and LMD of solid tumors.
• With extended follow-up, median overall survival reached 7.9 months in cohort 1, 6.7 months in cohort 2, and 10.5 months in cohort 3, suggesting clinical benefit across all cohorts.
• Neurological symptoms, quality of life, and neurocognitive function remained stable or improved during HER3-DXd treatment.
• No new safety signals with HER3-DXd were observed.
TUXEDO-3 supports the therapeutic value of HER3-DXd and reinforces the role of antibody-drug conjugates as a promising treatment approach in secondary CNS disease.
BMs, brain metastases; CNS, central nervous system; HER3-DXd, patritumab deruxtecan; LMD, leptomeningeal disease.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: iTHYM phase II ivonescimab plus chemotherapy in thymic carcinoma · 2) Response data: iTHYM ivonescimab plus chemotherapy - efficacy: waterfall plot, spider · 3) Safety data: iTHYM ivonescimab plus chemotherapy - safety summary, TRAEs >15%, irAEs · 4) Slide: iTHYM ivonescimab plus chemotherapy in advanced thymic carcinoma - conclusions
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥iTHYM: Ivonescimab Plus Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in Recurrent/Metastatic Thymic Carcinoma: Results From the Phase II Study
🎙️Dr. Xue Hou
🔢4156RO
🎯Met Primary Endpoint: 6-Mo PFS Rate (All 19 Evaluable Pts Progression-Free)
🎯ORR 83.3%, DCR 100% (n=24)
☑️NCT06750952
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
Study rationale and design
• Platinum-based chemotherapy remains standard first-line treatment for advanced thymic carcinoma, with ORR 22–36% and median PFS 5.0–7.5 months.1,2
• Phase II studies support combining anti-angiogenic agents or ICIs with chemo3,4.
• iTHYM is a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial evaluating Ivonescimab (the first anti-PD1–VEGF bispecific antibody) combined with chemo in treatment-naïve advanced TC
• Hypothesis: adding Ivo to chemo will result in a PFS6m of 60%
Key eligibility criteria
• Pathologically confirmed thymic carcinoma
• Recurrent or metastatic disease
• No prior systemic therapy
• Age ≥18 years
• ECOG PS 0 or 1
Primary: 6-month PFS rate
Secondary: ORR, DCR, DoR, PFS, OS and safety
Treatment
Ivonescimab + carboplatin + paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel Q3W, 4–6 cycles
→ Ivonescimab maintenance Until PD / intolerable toxicity
Simon's two-stage design
Stage 1 n = 8
At 6 months ≤3 PFS events → Stage 2 +16 patients Total N = 24
At 6 months >3 PFS events → Trial termination
At 6 months ≤10 PFS events → Endpoint achieved
≥14/24 alive and progression-free at 6 months
At 6 months >10 PFS events → Endpoint not achieved
PFS event: progression or death from first dose. p0 = 30%, p1 = 60%, α = 0.05, power = 80%
1. Lemma, JCO 2011. 2. Hirai, Ann Oncol 2015. 3. Shukuya, Lancet Oncol 2025. 4. Proto, Ann Oncol 2024.
[Slide 2]
Efficacy
Best tumor size change of target lesions: Median 43.9% (IQR, 30.8%-52.8%)
PD-L1 TPS
- <1%
+ 1–49%
++ ≥50%
NA NA
PR threshold −30%
Best change from baseline (%)
Median TTR: 1.7 months (IQR, 1.5-3.7)
Change from baseline (%)
PR SD PD
Time from first dose (months)
Time on Treatment
PD-L1
PD Dose interrupt /discontinuation due to AE Ongoing
Efficacy | N = 24
ORR | 20/24 (83.3%)
PR | 20/24 (83.3%)
SD | 4/24 (16.7%)
DCR | 24/24 (100%)
Median follow-up | 10.2 months (IQR:6.8-16.4)
6-month PFS rate* | 19/19 (100%)
*Analysis in 19 patients. Maturity: 19/24 (79.2%). Data cutoff: July 31, 2026
ORR: objective response rate; DCR: disease control rate; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease
TTR: time to response
[Slide 3]
Safety
Safety summary | n/N (%)
Any TRAE | 24/24 (100%)
Grade ≥3 TRAE | 18/24 (75.0%)
SAE acute coronary syndrome | 1/24 (4.2%)
Permanent discontinuation due to TRAE / SAE | 1/24 (4.2%)
TRAEs >15% All grades Grade ≥3
Neutrophil count decreased | Grade ≥3 13/24, 54.2% | 17/24, 70.8%
Fatigue | 16/24, 66.7%
Platelet count decreased | Grade ≥3 6/24, 25.0% | 15/24, 62.5%
Anemia | 12/24, 50.0%
Anorexia | 11/24, 45.8%
Nausea | 9/24, 37.5%
Constipation | 7/24, 29.2%
Rash maculopapular | 7/24, 29.2%
White blood cell decreased | Grade ≥3 3/24, 12.5% | 6/24, 25.0%
Gingival pain | 6/24, 25.0%
Oral hemorrhage | 6/24, 25.0%
Peripheral sensory neuropathy | Grade ≥3 1/24, 4.2% | 5/24, 20.8%
Cough | 5/24, 20.8%
Diarrhea | 5/24, 20.8%
Oral mucositis | 4/24, 16.7%
Vomiting | 4/24, 16.7%
Patients (%)
irAE | Any grade, n (%) | Grade ≥3, n (%)
Any irAE | 10 (41.7%) | 0 (0.0%)
Rash | 7 (29.2%) | 0 (0.0%)
Pruritus | 2 (8.3%) | 0 (0.0%)
Adrenal insufficiency | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0.0%)
Hypothyroidism | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0.0%)
Possibly VEGF-related AE | Any grade, n (%) | Grade ≥3, n (%)
Any antiangiogenic AE | 17 (70.8%) | 3 (12.5%)
Oral mucositis | 4 (16.7%) | 0 (0.0%)
Hemorrhagic events* | 9 (37.5%) | 0 (0.0%)
Proteinuria | 3 (12.5%) | 2 (8.3%)
Hypertension | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0.0%)
Gingival pain | 6 (25.0%) | 0 (0.0%)
Creatinine increased | 2 (8.3%) | 0 (0.0%)
Acute coronary syndrome | 1 (4.2%) | 1 (4.2%)
Safety population N = 24. Highest CTCAE v5.0 grade per patient. DCO: July 31, 2026.
TRAE: treatment-related adverse events; SAE: serious adverse events; irAE: immuno-related adverse events
*Hemorrhagic events: oral hemorrhage and epistaxis
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
• The iTHYM study met its primary endpoint of 6-month PFS rate in accordance with Simon's two-stage design.
• Ivonescimab plus chemo demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity, with an ORR of 20/24 (83.3%) in advanced thymic carcinoma.
• Toxicity was manageable, and predominantly chemotherapy-related. All irAEs were grade 1–2. No new safety signals were observed.
• Follow-up remains ongoing to determine the final 6-month PFS rate.
• These preliminary results support further evaluation of ivonescimab plus chemo as first-line treatment for advanced thymic carcinoma.
Alfredo Addeo MD@Alfdoc2
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: MARS-2 surgery vs no surgery in pleural mesothelioma: OS/PFS · 2) Trial design schema: MARS-2 debated issues: schema, surgical details table, EORTC 1205 design · 3) Slide: Guidelines after MARS-2: ASCO, NCCN and Australian ADDRI recommendations on surgery in pleural · 4) Slide: Lessons from first-line ICI trials in pleural mesothelioma: CheckMate 743, IND227, DREAM3R
🫁 Mesothelioma in the spotlight at #ESMO26!
Attending the Rare Thoracic Cancers session, with a brilliant update on pleural mesothelioma by dr Paolo Bironzo!
Some key takeaways:
Prevention remains our most powerful weapon: banning asbestos worldwide is still essential!
MARS-2 continues to challenge the role of surgery: median OS was 19.3 months with extended pleurectomy/decortication vs 24.8 months without surgery, with substantial postoperative morbidity. Patient selection and trial limitations remain important considerations.
IO has transformed the treatment landscape, particularly for non-epithelioid mesothelioma, although the optimal treatment strategy remains debated.
Personal take: We are making progress in treating mesothelioma, but we should never forget that preventing asbestos exposure could save more lives than any treatment innovation.
Better treatments matter. Preventing the disease matters even more.
#ESMOAmbassador #ESMO26 #Mesothelioma #RareThoracicCancers #LungCancer #Asbestos #CancerPrevention #Oncology
[Slide 1]
Surgery or not? The MARS-2 earthquake
MARS 2 trial schema
• Tissue confirmed mesothelioma • Disease in one hemi-thorax • Deemed surgically resectable • PS (0-1) • No end-organ failure
-> 2 cycles platinum + pemetrexed -> CT (still resectable) -> R -> (extended) pleurectomy decortication -> Up to 4 cycles platinum + pemetrexed / Up to 4 cycles platinum + pemetrexed
[OS curve] Legend: No surgery, Surgery
mOS 19.3 vs 24.8 months
RMST at 24 months=-1.8 (95% CI -3.3 to -0.3) p=0.019
Number at risk (number censored)
No surgery 166 (1) | 129 (4) | 82 (14) | 37 (7) | 15 (7) | 6 (6)
Surgery 169 (1) | 115 (6) | 64 (14) | 24 (6) | 15 (5) | 7 (7)
[PFS curve]
mPFS 10.6 vs 11.0 months
HR=0.90 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.11) p=0.33
Time since randomisation (months)
Number at risk (number censored)
No surgery 166 (1) | 78 (2) | 27 (4) | 9 (1) | 3 (1) | 1 (1)
Surgery 169 (0) | 76 (5) | 33 (5) | 11 (1) | 6 (3) | 3 (3)
[Subgroup OS curve] Epithelioid and no surgery; Epithelioid and surgery; Non-epithelioid and no surgery; Non-epithelioid and surgery
RMST epithelioid=-1.5 (-3.2 to 0.2)
RMST non-epithelioid=-4.2 (-8.6 to 0.3)
p value for interaction=0.0020
Number at risk (number censored)
Epithelioid and no surgery 144 (1) | 116 (4) | 73 (14) | 31 (7) | 12 (6) | 5 (5)
Epithelioid and surgery 146 (1) | 105 (6) | 62 (13) | 24 (6) | 15 (5) | 7 (7)
Non-epithelioid and no surgery 22 (0) | 12 (0) | 9 (0) | 6 (0) | 3 (1) | 1 (1)
Non-epithelioid and surgery 23 (0) | 10 (0) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0)
Overall survival for T1-2 N0 epithelioid only cohort
Legend: No surgery, Surgery
Number at risk (number censored)
No surgery 82 (1) 67 (3) 46 (11) 19 (4) 8 (5) 3
Surgery 78 (0) 58 (6) 39 (9) 15 (5) 7 (2) 3
[QoL panels: Median (IQR) QLQ-C30 score; MD=-5.81 (95% CI -9.73 to -1.89) p=0.0036; Median (IQR) EQ-5D score; MD=-0.14 (95% CI -0.19 to -0.10) p=0.0001 — small text, [?]]
Paolo Bironzo, MD, PhD
Lim E, Lancet Resp Med 2024
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival / Progression-free survival (MARS-2)
No surgery | 166
Surgery (extended pleurectomy decortication) | 169
HR: PFS HR=0.90
HR CI: 95% CI 0.72 to 1.11
P: PFS p=0.33; OS RMST at 24 months=-1.8 (95% CI -3.3 to -0.3) p=0.019
[Slide 2]
MARS-2: some debated issues
MARS 2 trial schema
• Tissue confirmed mesothelioma • Disease in one hemi-thorax • Deemed surgically resectable • PS (0-1) • No end-organ failure
-> 2 cycles platinum + pemetrexed -> CT (still resectable) -> R -> (extended) pleurectomy decortication -> Up to 4 cycles platinum + pemetrexed / Up to 4 cycles platinum + pemetrexed
All histologies allowed (13% of non-epithelioid in surgical arm)
PET/CT scan (& mediastinal staging) not mandatory
Some patients underwent surgery even with PD as best response (9%)
High rate of diaphragm and pericardial resections
High rate of lung parenchymal invasion
9% 90 day mortality in the surgical arm
Table S7 Surgical details | Received surgery (n=158*)
Surgical procedure
Extended pleurectomy/decortication | 139/157 (89%)
Pleurectomy decortication | 13/157 (8%)
Partial pleurectomy | 3/157 (2%)
Exploration, no pleurodesis | 1/157 (1%)
Other | 1/157 (1%)
Resection and reconstruction
Diaphragm resection | 130/157 (83%)
Diaphragm reconstructed | 128/157 (82%)
Pericardium resection | 105/157 (67%)
Pericardium reconstructed | 84/157 (54%)
[Remaining table rows (chest wall resection, completeness of resection, pleura and chest wall, focus, lung parenchymal invasion, mediastinal invasion, etc.) in small print — not transcribed reliably]
Study design EORTC 1205
resectable pleural mesothelioma -> R 1:1 -> ARM A – immediate surgery (surgery -> chemotherapy (3 cycles)); ARM B – deferred surgery (chemotherapy (3 cycles) -> surgery)
[Flow chart: 64 borderline resectable pleural mesothelioma; Extended pleurectomy/decortication -> Adjuvant chemotherapy vs Neoadjuvant chemotherapy -> Extended pleurectomy/decortication; boxes 'Completed in time', 'Alive, no progressive disease', 'No toxicity'; 70% vs 50%; inset 'mOS 33.8 months [?]', '90-day mortality 1.7% [?]']
Paolo Bironzo, MD, PhD
Lim E, Lancet Resp Med 2024; Larkin J, Eur Resp J 2024
[Slide 4]
What did we learn from 1st line ICIs trials?
#1 ICIs-based treatments have stronger impact in non-epithelioid PM
[Four OS Kaplan-Meier panels (nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs chemotherapy; chemotherapy vs chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab exploratory analyses non-epithelioid and epithelioid; subgroup curves) — embedded numbers too small to read reliably]
#2 CT+ anti PD(L)1 leads to higher ORR
[Bar chart, y-axis 0-100: CheckMate 743 exp | Checkmate 743 ctrl | IND227 exp | IND227 ctrl | DREAM3R exp | DREAM3R ctrl; legend: Global ORR, ORR in epithelioid, ORR in non-epithelioid]
#3 Early progressions seems more common with double ICIs
[PFS Kaplan-Meier panels: nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs chemotherapy (early crossing circled); chemotherapy vs chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab — embedded numbers too small to read reliably]
Paolo Bironzo, MD, PhD
Scherpereel A, J Clin Oncol 2026 Chu Q, Lancet 2023; Chu Q, ASCO 2023 Nowak AK, ESMO 2025
d.planchard@dplanchard
Slide: Poster 2583P: real-world uptake and characteristics of patients receiving telisotuzumab vedotin (Teliso-V)
Lots of #MET-targeted presentations at #ESMO26. An update on Teliso-V (First in class c-Met ADC) in #NSCLC (c-Met high) in the US, primarily used in a heavily pretreated population ... Stop by ! https://t.co/yu7EdI1uyp
2583P
Real-World Uptake and Characteristics of Patients Receiving Telisotuzumab Vedotin-tllv (Teliso-V) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer From a US Claims Database
David Planchard1, Nicolas Girard2, Sumie Kakehi3, Sophia Ng3, Arun Prashar3, Rajesh Kamalakar3, Alexis Cortot4
OBJECTIVE
To describe demographics and clinical characteristics of patients prescribed Teliso-V as well as treatment, prescriber, and payer data on Teliso-V utilisation
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first real-world (RW) study describing early uptake and characteristics of patients prescribed Teliso-V as a second-line or later (2L+) therapy
Patients prescribed Teliso-V had high metastatic disease burden and existing comorbidities
Patients prescribed Teliso-V had substantial prior treatment exposure; prior docetaxel or paclitaxel was the most common treatment, reported in 45% of patients
INTRODUCTION
• c-Met (also known as MET) protein is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase involved in cell proliferation and survival; dysregulation of c-Met signalling pathway has been associated with tumourigenesis, resistance to therapy, and poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),1,2 where it is overexpressed in approximately 25% of patients3
• Teliso-V is a first-in-class c-Met protein–directed antibody-drug conjugate comprising a humanised monoclonal antibody telisotuzumab conjugated to the cytotoxic microtubule polymerisation inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E, via a cleavable valine-citrulline linker4
• Based on the LUMINOSITY study (NCT03539536), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to Teliso-V for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-squamous NSCLC with high c-Met protein overexpression (3+, ≥50%), as determined by an FDA-approved test, who had received a prior systemic therapy5a
• Here, we describe RW data on Teliso-V utilisation and characteristics of patients prescribed Teliso-V
aThe FDA-recommended Teliso-V dose is 1.9 mg/kg, as an intravenous infusion every 2 weeks, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Teliso-V Mechanism of Action
METHODS
• This US-based retrospective cohort study utilised Komodo Health (New York, NY) prescription and medical claims data
– Komodo Health is an administrative claims database that contains de-identified, patient-level information on medical and pharmacy claims from a geographically diverse, large set of commercial and government (Medicare and Medicaid) electronic claims processors across the United States
• Included patients were aged ≥18 years with ≥1 claim of 2L+ Teliso-V monotherapy on or after May 14, 2025,a who met longitudinal data availability requirements
– ≥2 unique claims dates within 90 days of index Teliso-V, except when death occurred earlier
– ≥2 unique claims dates within first year prior to index Teliso-V
• For treatment history, additional criteria to support longer lookback were applied
– ≥2 unique claims dates within second year prior to index Teliso-V
• The following outcomes are reported using descriptive analyses:
– Patient demographics and clinical characteristics
– Treatment history prior to Teliso-V
– Prescriber and payer data
aDate of FDA accelerated approval of Teliso-V for the treatment of adults with locally advanced/metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC with high c-Met protein overexpression (3+, ≥50%).
RESULTS
Attrition
Patient Disposition
Index Teliso-V on or after May 14, 2025 N=212
Adults aged 18 years and older at index Teliso-V n=210
≥2 unique claims dates within 90 days of index Teliso-V, except when death occurred earlier n=196
≥2 unique claims dates within first year prior to index Teliso-V n=196
Treatment history: ≥2 unique claims dates within second year prior to index Teliso-V n=181
Patient, prescriber, and payer characteristics: 2L+ Teliso-V monotherapy n=178
2L+ Teliso-V monotherapy n=166
• A total of 178 patients with 2L+ Teliso-V monotherapy were included; 166 met the additional criteria for a longer lookback period for treatment history
Patient Demographicsa | Overall (N=178)
Age at index, years, median (range) 66.7 (38–88)
Sex, n (%): Female 109 (61); Male 69 (39)
Region, n (%): Midwest 44 (25); Northeast 36 (20); South 62 (35); West 36 (20)
aRace and ethnicity data were unknown for all patients.
Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics
• Median age was 66.7 (range 38–88) years, and 61% of patients were female
• Comorbidities included mild liver disease (33%), diabetes (28%), congestive heart failure (21%), and peripheral vascular disease (15%)
• Among patients with ≥3 available Teliso-V claims (n=106), the median treatment interval for Teliso-V was 14 (interquartile range 14–17) days (data not shown)
Patient Clinical Characteristicsa | Overall (N=178)
Year of initial diagnosis, n (%): 2021 or earlier 42 (24); 2022 18 (10); 2023 40 (23); 2024 47 (26); 2025 31 (17)
Year of first Teliso-V, n (%): 2025 150 (84); 2026 28 (16)
Follow-up post Teliso-V, days, median (range) 85 (8–223)
Year of 1L start, n (%): 2021 or earlier 31 (17); 2022 15 (8); 2023 37 (21); 2024 47 (26); 2025 48 (27)
Metastatic disease at 1L, n (%) 152 (85)
Brain metastases, n (%): At 1L 46 (26); At Teliso-V 84 (47)
Liver metastases, n (%): At 1L 22 (12); At Teliso-V 46 (26)
Mild liver disease, n (%) 58 (33)
Diabetes, n (%) 49 (28)
Congestive heart failure, n (%) 38 (21)
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) 26 (15)
Charlson Comorbidity Score, mean (SD) 1.2 (1.5)
aLookback period for comorbidities was Teliso-V claim to 1 year prior to earliest lung cancer diagnosis. 1L, first-line; SD, standard deviation; Teliso-V, telisotuzumab vedotin-tllv.
Prior Exposurea | Overall (N=166)
Prior platinum exposure, n (%): Yes 138 (83); No 28 (17)
Prior taxane (docetaxel or paclitaxel) exposure, n (%): Yes 74 (45); No 92 (55)
Prior IO exposure, n (%): Yes 128 (77); No 38 (23)
Prior platinum + chemotherapy + IO exposure, n (%): Yes 93 (56); No 73 (44)
Prior targeted exposure, n (%): EGFR 9 (5); ALK 3 (2); Multi-targeted kinase inhibitors 7 (4); c-Met 21 (13)
aPrior lines of treatment are not mutually exclusive; patients may have received more than 1 prior treatment. ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; IO, immuno-oncology.
Prescriber Characteristics
• In patients with available prescriber data, most common prescriber type was physician (n/N=142/146 [97%])
Prescriber Type | Overall (N=178): Physician, n (%) 142 (80); Nurse practitioner, n (%) 4 (2); Unknown, n (%) 32 (18)
Payer Characteristics
• Most common payer type was Medicare (58%), followed by commercial (30%) and Medicaid (4%)
Healthcare Plan Type | Overall (N=178): Commercial, n (%) 53 (30); Medicaid, n (%) 7 (4); Medicare, n (%) 104 (58); Missing, n (%) 14 (8)
LIMITATIONS
• Due to the open-claims nature of the dataset, enrolment information was unavailable; therefore, a longitudinal activity requirement was applied
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 3825P - SHR-7787 subcutaneous DLL3xCD3 bispecific T-cell engager in relapsed SCLC and NEC
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥SHR-7787, a DLL3-Targeted Bispecific T-Cell Engager, in Relapsed Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (NEC): Results From a Phase 1/2 Trial
🎙️Dr. Shengxiang Ren
🔢3825P
🎯SCLC (n=69): ORR 34.8%, DCR 58.0%; Higher at 40mg (ORR 46.7%, DCR 86.7%) and 60mg (ORR 50.0%, DCR 90.0%)
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 28.2%, CRS 26.9% (Mostly Low Grade)
☑️NCT06605222
🔗 https://t.co/q9jnLuy27C
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
#3825P
SHR-7787, a DLL3-targeted bispecific T-cell engager, in relapsed small-cell lung cancer and neuroendocrine carcinoma: results from a phase 1/2 trial
Shengxiang Ren, Jia Yu, Qiming Wang, Yan Zhang, Aiqin Gao, Lingxiang Liu, Chen Zhou, Yong Fang, Ruoyu Wang, Xiang Li, Yu Yao, Jie Li, Xin Wang, Yajie Zhu, Longhua Sun, Jinhua Wen, Xiao Gu, Chi Xu, Ke Ma, Wei Shi
MADRID SPAIN 23-27 OCTOBER 2026
Background
• Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), a protein that inhibits Notch signaling, is highly expressed on small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs).
• T-cell–engaging bispecific antibodies simultaneously bind tumour-associated antigens and CD3 on T cells, thereby promoting T-cell recruitment and activation to induce tumor-cell killing.
• SHR-7787 is a novel, subcutaneously administered, IgG1 bispecific antibody targeting DLL3 and CD3. We conducted a first-in-human, open-label phase 1/2 trial (NCT06605222) of SHR-7787 in relapsed SCLC and NEC and here report preliminary findings from phase 1.
Methods
• Phase 1 part included dose escalation and expansion (Fig. 1). Patients (pts) with SCLC and NECs who had progressive/recurrent disease after standard therapy were enrolled.
• SHR-7787 (full dose [FD], 0.1–100 mg) was given s.c. using a fixed-dose or step-up dose (SUD) schedule. SHR-7787 at 10–60 mg was selected for expansion (all SUD).
Key eligibility criteria • Histologically or cytologically confirmed relapsed/recurrent SCLC and other NECs • Had progressive/recurrent disease after standard treatment* • ECOG PS of 0 or 1
Primary objectives • Safety, tolerability, MTD, RP2D; Secondary objectives • PK profile, immunogenicity, preliminary efficacy
Dose escalation schema: 0.1 mg, 1 mg (Accelerated titration); 6 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 100 mg (BOIN); s.c.
Figure 1. Study design (phase 1)
* Immunotherapy + platinum-based chemotherapy for SCLC (unless patient refusal or investigator decision); standard of care or platinum-based chemotherapy for other NECs.
Results
Patients
• 78 pts (SCLC, n=74; other NECs, n=4) were enrolled and treated (Table 1).
• As of data cutoff (Mar 14, 2026), median follow-up was 4.8 mo.
Table 1. Baseline characteristics (10 mg (n=15) | 20 mg (n=14) | 30 mg (n=13) | 40 mg (n=15) | 60 mg (n=14) | All patients* (n=78))
Median age (range), y 57 (51–68) | 62 (46–72) | 60 (53–69) | 62 (48–70) | 62 (49–71) | 60 (46–72)
Male 13 (86.7) | 12 (85.7) | 12 (92.3) | 13 (86.7) | 11 (78.6) | 66 (84.6)
ECOG PS 1 15 (100.0) | 12 (85.7) | 11 (84.6) | 10 (66.7) | 10 (71.4) | 65 (83.3)
Smoking history Never 6 (40.0) | 5 (35.7) | 4 (30.8) | 3 (20.0) | 4 (28.6) | 26 (33.3); Former/current 9 (60.0) | 9 (64.3) | 9 (69.2) | 12 (80.0) | 10 (71.4) | 52 (66.7)
Brain metastasis 6 (40.0) | 4 (28.6) | 3 (23.1) | 3 (20.0) | 5 (35.7) | 21 (26.9)
Liver metastasis 8 (53.3) | 2 (14.3) | 7 (53.8) | 6 (40.0) | 2 (14.3) | 29 (37.2)
Clinical stage IV 12 (80.0) | 12 (85.7) | 9 (69.2) | 13 (86.7) | 11 (78.6) | 62 (79.5)
Pathological type SCLC 14 (93.3) | 14 (100.0) | 11 (84.6) | 15 (100.0) | 14 (100.0) | 74 (94.9); LCNEC 0 | 0 | 1 (7.7) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.3); NEC 1 (6.7) | 0 | 1 (7.7) | 0 | 0 | 3 (3.8)
Prior line of Therapy 1: 5 (33.3) | 6 (42.9) | 5 (38.5) | 5 (33.3) | 5 (35.7) | 29 (37.2); 2: 6 (40.0) | 6 (42.9) | 6 (46.2) | 8 (53.3) | 7 (50.0) | 35 (44.9); ≥3: 4 (26.7) | 2 (14.3) | 2 (15.4) | 2 (13.3) | 2 (14.3) | 14 (17.9)
Prior immunotherapy 14 (93.3) | 12 (85.7) | 11 (84.6) | 14 (93.3) | 14 (100.0) | 69 (88.5)
Data are n (%) or otherwise indicated. LCNEC, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. * Pts treated at 0.1 mg (n=1), 1 mg (n=1), 6 mg (n=4), and 100 mg (n=1).
Safety
• 1 DLT occurred at 10 mg and 20 mg respectively, and MTD was still not reached.
• TRAEs occurred in 76 (97.4%) pts and 22 (28.2%) had grade ≥3 TRAEs (Table 2). TRAEs led to dose discontinuation in 2 (2.6%) pts.
• 21 (26.9%) pts experienced CRS (grade ≥3, n=2). 1 pt had grade 2 ICANS. All cases of CRS/ICANS occurred during the first cycle (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Incidence of CRS/ICANS over time (ASTCT Grade1–2 | Grade ≥3): Cycle 1: SUD CRS 24.0 | 1.3; ICANS 1.3 | 0; Cycle 1: FD CRS 7.2 | 1.4; ICANS 0 | 0; ≥Cycle 2 CRS 0 | 0; ICANS 0 | 0. All CRS/ICANS cases are included; denominators are the numbers of pts treated during the corresponding dosing period.
Table 2. TRAEs (All patients (n=78): Any grade | Grade ≥3)
Any TRAE 76 (97.4) | 22 (28.2)
Anaemia 44 (56.4) | 2 (2.6)
Injection site reaction 36 (46.2) | 0
Lymphocyte count decreased 28 (35.9) | 14 (17.9)
Hypoalbuminaemia 28 (35.9) | 0
Hyperglycaemia 22 (28.2) | 0
CRS 21 (26.9) | 2 (2.6)
Hyponatraemia 21 (26.9) | 0
Hypokalaemia 20 (25.6) | 3 (3.8)
Alanine aminotransferase increased 19 (24.4) | 1 (1.3)
Hypocalcaemia 19 (24.4) | 1 (1.3)
Aspartate aminotransferase increased 18 (23.1) | 1 (1.3)
Platelet count decreased 17 (21.8) | 3 (3.8)
Hypomagnesaemia 17 (21.8) | 1 (1.3)
Hypoproteinaemia 16 (20.5) | 0
Decreased appetite 15 (19.2) | 0
White blood cell count decreased 14 (17.9) | 1 (1.3)
Blood lactate dehydrogenase increased 12 (15.4) | 0
Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased 12 (15.4) | 0
Data are n (%). TRAEs occurring in ≥15% of patients are listed.
Efficacy
• In 69 evaluable SCLC pts, ORR was 34.8% and DCR was 58.0% (Fig. 3). Higher response rate was observed in higher expansion dose. The ORR and DCR were 46.7%/86.7% and 50.0%/90.0% at 40 mg and 60 mg, respectively (Table 3). Consistent activity was observed in SCLC with brain metastatic lesions (ORR, 42.1% [8/19]; Fig. 4).
• 3 (75.0%) of 4 pts with other NECs had a response (Fig. 3).
Table 3. Tumor response in efficacy evaluable set (SCLC: 10 mg (n=14) | 20 mg (n=14) | 30 mg (n=11) | 40 mg (n=15) | 60 mg (n=10) | Total (n=69); All patients (n=73))
ORR* (95% CI), % 28.6 (8.4–58.1) | 28.6 (8.4–58.1) | 36.4 (10.9–69.2) | 46.7 (21.3–73.4) | 50.0 (18.7–81.3) | 34.8 (23.7–47.2) | 37.0 (26.0–49.1)
DCR (95% CI), % 28.6 (8.4–58.1) | 42.9 (17.7–71.1) | 54.5 (23.4–83.3) | 86.7 (59.5–98.3) | 90.0 (55.5–99.7) | 58.0 (45.5–69.8) | 60.3 (48.1–71.5)
TTR (IQR), mo 1.4 (1.4–2.1) | 1.4 (1.4–1.5) | 2.1 (1.4–2.8) | 1.4 (1.4–1.6) | 1.4 (1.2–1.4) | 1.4 (1.4–1.6) | 1.4 (1.4–1.6)
* Includes confirmed and unconfirmed responses. DCR, disease control rate; ORR, objective response rate; TTR, time to response.
Figure 3. Best change from baseline in target lesions in evaluable patients.
Figure 4. Best change from baseline in target lesions in evaluable SCLC patients with brain metastasis.
PK
• SHR-7787 exposure increased approximately dose-proportionally, with a median Tmax of about 72 h and a t1/2 near 10 d.
• PK and cytokine dynamics supported the two-SUD regimen.
Conclusions
• SHR-7787 showed encouraging activity with a manageable safety profile in relapsed SCLC and NEC.
• Dose expansion is ongoing to identify RP2D.
Funding: The study was sponsored by Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals.
Contact: Prof. Shengxiang Ren
Young Kwang Chae, MD, MPH, MBA@youngkwangchae
Slide: poster 224P: characterizing hallucinations in five LLMs on real-world first-line NSCLC
Proud to present our team’s latest research from @LurieCancer at #ESMO2026! 📊🤖
"Characterizing Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) Using Real-World Oncology Cases for Clinical Decision Support"
Key takeaways from evaluating LLMs on 20 first-line NSCLC cases against NCCN Guidelines:
💡 High Accuracy ≠ Clinical Safety: Even top-performing models exhibit clinically significant hallucinations, emphasizing that high accuracy does not guarantee hallucination-free outputs.
💡 High Confidence Risks: Confident but incorrect responses pose critical risks to clinical decision-making, requiring strict human oversight.
💡 Input-Length Dynamics: The impact of input length on accuracy varies widely across models—longer inputs correlated positively in some models, but negatively in others.
Huge thanks to lead author Dr. Jiyon Lyu,, and all co-authors for this impactful work on AI safety in oncology! 🩺👏
#OncoTwitter #AIinMedicine #Oncology #LLM #ClinicalAI #ESMO2026 #ChaeLab #CancerResearch @OncoAlert @oncodaily @NMHC_News @NUFeinbergMed
Northwestern Medicine
Characterizing Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) Using Real-World Oncology Cases for Clinical Decision Support
Jiyon Lyu1, Trie Arni Djunadi2, Akhil Deepak Vatvani3, Shinkyo Yoon1, Sung Mi Yoon4, Daniel Sanghoon Shin5, Joongheum Park6, Jungmin Kim7, Ronald Min1, Jiyoon Unzain-Lim7, Sangmi Yoo8, Young Kwang Chae1
FPN: 224P
INTRODUCTION
- Despite the increasing use of AI in clinical decision support, hallucinations remain a major safety concern, and existing evaluations often lack real-world patient data.
- This study aimed to characterize hallucinations across multiple LLMs in AI-assisted clinical decision-making using real-world clinical data and preprocessed NCCN guidelines.
METHODS
- An IRB-approved retrospective study using de-identified real-world data from 20 patients with NSCLC in a first-line decision-making scenario.
- Accuracy was defined as concordance with NCCN Guidelines (V3.2025) and evaluated at the sentence level by two independent blinded reviewers.
20 patients with NSCLC in a first-line decision-making scenario
5 LLMs
General-purpose: ChatGPT, Gemini, Grok
Clinical support: AvoMD, ChatGPT for Clinicians
GPT-5.5 Thinking
ChatGPT for clinicians
Gemini 3.1 Pro
Grok 4.2 Reasoning
AVO
All responses were collected on May 12, 2026
Staging, Summarization
Expert group
Figure 1. A schematic overview of the study
CONCLUSION
- Beyond Accuracy: High accuracy does not guarantee hallucination-free clinical decision support. LLM outputs should not be used as standalone clinical judgments, and human oversight remains essential.
- Defining Potentially Harmful Errors: Objective, quantitative metrics are needed to assess the potential harm of LLM-generated errors, particularly in clinical management recommendations.
RESULTS
Table 1. Comparative Accuracy and Confidence-Accuracy Relationships Across LLMs
| Accuracy of Staging | Accuracy of Summarization* | Proportion of Confidence-High in Summarization** | Correlation with Confidence-High and Accuracy of Summarization
Gemini | 92.5 % (95% CI: 78.5-98.0) | 71.5 % (95% CI: 50.2-92.8) | 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92-1.00) | -0.04, N.S.
Grok | 95.0 % (95% CI: 81.8-99.1) | 92.8 % (95% CI: 85.5-100) | 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92) | -0.01, N.S.
ChatGPT | 94.9 % (95% CI: 81.4-99.1) | 88.0 % (95% CI: 76.4-99.6) | 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73-0.82) | -0.15, N.S.
AvoMD | 94.7 % (95% CI: 80.9-99.1) | 97.7 % (95% CI: 94.2-100) | 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.68) | 0.81, p=0.02
ChatGPT for Clinicians | 97.5 % (95% CI: 85.3-99.9) | 90.3 % (95% CI: 81.3-99.4) | 0.74 (95% CI: 0.71-0.76) | 0.20, N.S.
Figure 2. Accuracy and Confidence Levels Across Five LLMs. (A) Staging and patient summarization accuracy across five LLMs. (B) Proportion of high-confidence sentences across five LLMs. Confidence levels (high, moderate, or low) were predefined in the prompt.
Table 2. Input Length-Accuracy Relationships Across LLMs
| Correlation with Word Count of Input and Accuracy of Staging | Correlation with Word Count of Input and Accuracy of Summarization
Gemini | 0.21, N.S. | 0.76, p=0.004
Grok | 0.21, N.S. | 0.68, p=0.015
ChatGPT | -0.36, p=0.02 | -0.51, N.S.
AvoMD | -0.07, N.S. | 0.38, N.S.
ChatGPT for Clinicians | 0.08, N.S. | -0.62, p=0.03
Input length was negatively correlated with accuracy in ChatGPT (r=-0.36) and ChatGPT for Clinicians (r=-0.62) but positively correlated with accuracy in Gemini (r=0.76) and Grok (r=0.68) (all p <0.05).
Table 3. Characterization of Hallucinations Across LLMs
| Main Hallucination Type | Representative Cases | Potential Clinical Harm
Gemini | Fabrication | Invented demographics, smoking history, pathology, or molecular markers | Severe
Grok | Contextual | Recommended NGS based on guideline logic despite not being supported in the provided case context | Moderate
ChatGPT | Overinterpretation | Inferred treatment beyond directly cited evidence | Moderate
AvoMD | Contextual | Imported information from outside the relevant note context (from wrong date) | Mild
Table 3. Continued
ChatGPT for Clinicians | Contextual | Added treatment implications not directly supported by the attached guideline | None
Omission errors were consistently observed across all five LLMs, particularly in molecular/PD-L1 data extraction, reconciliation of conflicting smoking histories, and assessment of comorbidities.
Discussion
1. High accuracy ≠ Clinical safety. Even high-performing LLMs generated clinically significant hallucinations, underscoring the need for human oversight.
2. High confidence ≠ High reliability. Confident but incorrect responses may pose substantial risks to clinical decision-making.
3. Input length-accuracy associations are model-dependent. Longer inputs correlated positively with accuracy in some LLMs and negatively in others.
Footnote
* Accuracy of Summarization: Proportion of correct responses across seven predefined categories of patient information.
** Proportion of Confidence-High: Proportion of sentences assigned a high confidence level among all evaluated sentences.
Disclosure Statement: Jiyon Lyu, No conflicts of interest to declare
Funding: No external funding
Contact Information
Jiyon Lyu, jiyon.lyu.md@gmail.com
Young Kwang Chae, ychae@nm.org
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: ABBV-706 first-in-human phase 1 study design and published results · 2) Slide: SEZ6 as ADC target in SCLC: IHC expression by prior treatment and primary vs metastatic · 3) Safety data: SEZ6 expression not associated with hematological TRAEs or response · 4) Biomarker data: ABBV-706: ctDNA clearance associated with PFS and OS in R/R SCLC
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥ABBV-706: A First-in-Class SEZ6-Targeted Topoisomerase 1 Inhibitor (Top1i)-Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) With Robust Antitumor Activity in Relapsed/Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer (R/R SCLC)
🎙️Dr. Anne C. Chiang
🔢3837RO
🎯At Recommended Ph3 Dose (1.8mg/kg Q3W, 2L+, n=41)
🎯Overall: ORR 56%, mOS 12.4mo
🎯2L Subset (n=17): ORR 82%, mOS 14.3mo
🎯100% ctDNA Clearance at C3D1 Linked to Better PFS/OS
☑️NCT05599984
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
ABBV-706 FIH phase 1 study design and published results
Phase 1 R/R ES-SCLCa
• Prior platinum-etoposide chemotherapy and/or immuno-oncology regimens
• Prior treated or untreated stable brain metastases were eligible
• History of ILD/pneumonitis requiring treatment or active disease were excluded
Total monotherapy patient population: ABBV-706 1.3–3.5 mg/kg (N=124)
1.8 mg/kg RP2D for monotherapy
ABBV-706 1.8 mg/kg as 2L+ (n=41)
IV Q3W in 21-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Key Endpoints
Safety, ORR, PFS, OS, SEZ6 by IHC
Key Methods1
• Archival or fresh tissue biopsy at screening
• SEZ6 IHC (AbbVie proprietary assay)
• Plasma ctDNA and serum proGRP were collected at baseline, start of each cycle 1–4, odd cycles thereafter, and end of treatment
• The Guardant INFINITY™ ctDNA assay (Guardant Health) was used to monitor methylation-based tumor fraction responses
• proGRP was used to monitor tumor response using the Roche Cobas® electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (LabCorp)
Patient Characteristics 1.8 mg/kg (n=41)1
Median age, years (range) 64 (48–85)
Median prior LoT, n (range) 2 (1–6)
Brain mets at baseline 39% (n=16)
Chemo-free interval 61% (<90 days) 27% (<30 days)
Results 1.8 mg/kg (n=41)1
Safety Grade ≥3
All TRAEs 88% (n=36)
Anemia 42% (n=17)
Neutropenia 20% (n=8)
Efficacyb
ORR 56% (n=23)
mPFS 6.4 months (4.0–8.1)
mOS 12.4 months (8.2–17.3)
1. Byers LA, et al. Nat Med. 2026;32(8):2898-2908. aClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05599984. bSimilar efficacy was observed in the ITT and biomarker eligible populations. 2L+, second-line and later; chemo, chemotherapy; ctDNA; circulating tumor DNA; ES-SCLC; extensive stage small cell lung cancer; FIH, first-in-human; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ILD, interstitial lung disease; ITT, intention to treat; IV, intravenous; LoT, lines of treatment; mets, metastases; mOS, median overall survival; mPFS, median progression-free survival; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; proGRP, pro-gastrin releasing peptide; Q3W, every 3 weeks; RP2D, recommended phase 2 dose; R/R, relapsed/refractory; SEZ6, seizure-related homolog protein 6; TRAE, treatment-related adverse event.
[Slide 2]
SEZ6: A compelling ADC target with high and stable expression in SCLC
In the FIH study, tumors expressing SEZ6 are prevalent in patients with SCLCa
SEZ6 IHC (FIH)
Weak / 1+
Moderate / 2+
Strong / 3+
Normal lung
(93% above a 1% [1+ cutoff] and median H-score of 145)1
SEZ6 expression in SCLC is not affected by prior treatment or biopsy from primary cancer or metastases
SEZ6 expression at diagnosis and ≥1 prior LoT
% Positive SEZ6 IHC
Tx-Naïve (n=63)
≥1 prior LoT (n=45)
P=0.163 (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test)
SEZ6 expression in primary and metastatic tumor tissue
Primary (n=32)
Metastatic (n=55)
P=0.180 (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test)
1. Byers LA, et al. Nat Med. 2026;32(8):2898-2908. aSEZ6 IHC was performed on all SCLC tumors collected at screening n=108 8 ADC, antibody-drug conjugate; FIH, first-in-human; IHC, immunohistochemistry; LoT, line of treatment; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; SEZ6, seizure-related homolog protein 6; Tx, treatment.
[Slide 3]
SEZ6 expression is not associated with hematological TRAEs or response
• Preliminary data from the phase 1 study of ABBV-706 monotherapy showed a manageable safety profile1
• Most common Grade ≥3 TRAEs in patients with SCLC treated with ABBV-706 1.8 mg/kg Q3W were hematological, including anemia and neutropenia
• SEZ6 expression did not correlate with development of any grade anemia or neutropeniaa
• SEZ6 expression was comparable between respondersb and nonresponders to ABBV-706 treatment, supporting a biomarker-unselected approacha
Hematological Toxicity
SEZ6 Expression in Patients With Anemia
Grade ≤2 (n=19)
Grade ≥3 (n=16)
SEZ6 Expression in Patients With Neutropenia
Grade ≤2 (n=28)
Grade ≥3 (n=7)
Response
SEZ6 Expression in Nonresponders vs Responders
Nonresponder (n=14)
Responder (n=21)
% Positive SEZ6 IHC
1. Byers LA, et al. Nat Med. 2026;32(8):2898-2908. aSEZ6 IHC correlation with ORR and safety in 35 evaluable tumor samples. bResponders defined as confirmed CR + PR. CR, complete response; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ORR, overall response rate; PR, partial response; Q3W, every 3 weeks; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; SEZ6, seizure-related homolog protein 6; TRAE, treatment-related adverse event.
[Slide 4]
ctDNA clearance is associated with robust improvements in PFS and OS
• ABBV-706 induces rapid ctDNA reduction: ≥50% in 77% (n/N=24/31) and ≥95% in 52% (n/N=16/31) of patients by C3D1
• Complete ctDNA clearance observed in 29% of patients shows a significant trend toward improvements in PFS and OS
PFS associated with ctDNA
OS associated with ctDNA
CC (n=9)
MR (n=15)
Non-MR (n=7)
PFS probability
OS probability
Time (months)
| PFS: Non-MR (n=7) | MR (n=15) | CC (n=9) | OS: Non-MR (n=7) | MR (n=15) | CC (n=9)
Total patients N=31
Median outcome, months (95% CI)a | 3.6 (2.6–NR) | 6.2 (4.0–9.5) | 13.6 (8.4–NR) | 6.7 (3.6–NR) | 10.1 (8.2–NR) | NR (NR–NR)
Rapid ctDNA reduction was sustained and was associated with improved outcomes
aSimilar data were observed with 95% cutoff for ctDNA reductions, as a predictor of OS and PFS. Non-MR: ctDNA reduction <50%; MR: ctDNA reduction ≥50% and <100%; CC: 100% ctDNA reduction. Responder defined as PR+CR. C, Cycle; CC, complete clearance; CI, confidence interval; CR, complete response; ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; D, day; mPFS, median progression-free survival; MR, molecular responder; NR, not reached; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; PR, partial response.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS by ctDNA response (N=31)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Non-MR (PFS) | 7 | 3.6 | 2.6–NR
MR (PFS) | 15 | 6.2 | 4.0–9.5
CC (PFS) | 9 | 13.6 | 8.4–NR
Non-MR (OS) | 7 | 6.7 | 3.6–NR
MR (OS) | 15 | 10.1 | 8.2–NR
CC (OS) | 9 | NR | NR–NR
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 2656P - MCLA-129 EGFR/c-MET bispecific in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥MCLA-129 in Patients (Pts) With EGFR-Mutant Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) With MET Overexpression and/or Amplification: Results From a Phase II Study
🎙️Dr. Tongmei Zhang
🔢2656P
🎯Confirmed ORR 28.1%, Unconfirmed ORR 50.0% (n=32 Primary Efficacy Population)
🎯MET IHC3+/≥50% Subgroup (n=22)
🎯cORR 31.8%, uORR 59.1%
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs: Neutropenia 14%
☑️NCT06885840
🔗 https://t.co/fmYZQUfv7f
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
ESMO Congress, October 23-27, 2026
2656P · MCLA-129 in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with MET overexpression and/or amplification: Results from a phase II study
Qing Zhou*, Tongmei Zhang, Huijuan Wang, Xiaorong Dong, Jianya Zhou, Bo Jin, Yan Yu, Haiyong Wang, Ying Liu, Yang Xia, Lin Wu, Bolin Chen, Jiuwei Cui, Junguo Lu, Yanhong shang, Yu Yao, Xiaoming Hou, Guanming Jiang, Li Mao, Lieming Ding
Background
• MET overexpression and amplification are important mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
• MCLA-129 is a human EGFR/c-MET bispecific antibody that demonstrated clinically meaningful antitumor activity in a phase I study (NCT04930432) in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET overexpression and/or amplification, with higher MET gene copy number appearing to be associated with greater activity.
• Here, we report updated efficacy and safety results from an ongoing phase II study (NCT06885840) of MCLA-129 in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after standard treatment failure.
Methods
• This ongoing, multicenter, open-label, phase II study enrolled patients with EGFR-mutant metastatic or unresectable advanced NSCLC who had experienced disease progression following standard therapy.
• Patients were assigned to 2 cohorts: Cohort A included patients with MET amplification and/or MET overexpression detected in tumor tissue, and Cohort B included patients who had progressed on or were intolerant to prior MET inhibitor therapy.
• All patients received MCLA-129 at 1500 mg intravenously once every 2 weeks (Q2W).
• The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR), with secondary endpoints including disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.
Study Design
• Data cutoff: June 10, 2026 for baseline and safety analyses; August 27, 2026 for efficacy analyses.
Note: *MET amplification was defined as a MET copy number ≥ 5 by next-generation sequencing, a MET gene copy number ≥ 5 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, or a MET/CEP7 ratio ≥ 2. MET overexpression was defined as IHC 2+ or 3+ staining in ≥ 50% of tumor cells.
Patient Demographic (Cohort A N = 65 | Cohort B N = 14 | Total N = 79)
Age, years, median (range) 62.0 (38-77) | 61.5 (41-80) | 62.0 (38-80)
Gender Male 33 (50.8) | 7 (50.0) | 40 (50.6); Female 32 (49.2) | 7 (50.0) | 39 (49.4)
ECOG PS 0: 3 (4.6) | 2 (14.3) | 5 (6.3); 1: 62 (95.4) | 12 (85.7) | 74 (93.7)
Histology Adenocarcinoma 61 (93.8) | 14 (100.0) | 75 (94.9); Other 4 (6.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (5.1)
Prior lines of therapy 1: 24 (36.9) | 1 (7.1) | 25 (31.6); 2: 20 (30.8) | 8 (57.1) | 28 (35.4); ≥3: 21 (32.3) | 5 (35.7) | 26 (33.0)
MET overexpression or amplification status 2+: 19 (29.2) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (24.1); 3+: 41 (63.1) | 4 (28.6) | 45 (57.0); Amplification*: 14 (21.5) | 10 (71.4) | 24 (30.4)
*MET amplification overlapped partially with MET IHC 3+.
Efficacy
• As of 27 August 2026, 90 patients were evaluable for efficacy: 75 in Cohort A and 15 in Cohort B.
• Among response-evaluable patients, MCLA-129 demonstrated an unconfirmed ORR of 45.3% (34/75; 95% CI 33.8-57.3) in Cohort A and 26.7% (4/15; 95% CI 7.8-55.1) in Cohort B. The lower ORR in Cohort B suggests reduced objective tumor response following prior MET inhibitor exposure (Table 1; Figure 1).
• Disease control was observed in 86.7% of patients in both cohorts. In Cohort A, 34 patients achieved PR and 31 achieved SD, whereas in Cohort B, 4 patients achieved PR and 9 achieved SD (Table 1; Figure 1).
Table 1. Best Overall Response of MCLA-129 in Cohorts A and B (Cohort A N = 75 | Cohort B N = 15)
CR 0 | 0; PR 34 (45.3) | 4 (26.7); SD 31 (41.3) | 9 (60.0); PD 8 (10.7) | 1 (6.7); NE 2 (2.7) | 1 (6.7)
ORR 34 (45.3) | 4 (26.7); 95% CI 33.8-57.3 | 7.8-55.1
DCR 65 (86.7) | 13 (86.7); 95% CI 76.8-93.4 | 59.5-98.3
Figure 1. Waterfall Plot of Best Response in Cohort A (A) and Cohort B (B)
• Among patients with MET IHC3+ tumors in Cohort A, ORR was 73.7% (14/19) in patients previously treated with EGFR-TKI alone and 48.4% (15/31) in those previously treated with EGFR-TKI plus platinum-based chemotherapy (Table 2).
• Compared with the corresponding MET IHC2+/3+ subgroups, ORR was consistently higher in patients with MET IHC3+ tumors, both after EGFR-TKI alone (73.7% vs 57.1%) and after EGFR-TKI plus platinum-based chemotherapy (48.4% vs 38.1%).
• DCR remained consistently high across subgroups (89.5%-93.6%).
Table 2. Best overall response by MET expression and prior treatment in Cohort A
MET IHC 2+/3+ (N = 70): EGFR-TKI (N = 28) | EGFR-TKI + chemotherapy (N = 42); MET IHC 3+ (N = 50): EGFR-TKI (N = 19) | EGFR-TKI + chemotherapy (N = 31)
CR 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
PR 16 (57.1) | 16 (38.1) | 14 (73.7) | 15 (48.4)
SD 9 (32.1) | 21 (50.0) | 3 (15.8) | 14 (45.2)
PD 2 (7.1) | 4 (9.5) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (3.2)
NE 1 (3.6) | 1 (2.4) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (3.2)
ORR 16 (57.1) | 16 (38.1) | 14 (73.7) | 15 (48.4); 95% CI 37.2-75.5 | 23.6-54.4 | 48.8-90.9 | 30.2-66.9
DCR 24 (90.1) | 38 (90.5) | 17 (89.5) | 29 (93.6); 95% CI 71.8-97.7 | 74.4-96.0 | 66.9-98.7 | 78.6-99.2
Note: Best overall responses presented in this table are unconfirmed and investigator-assessed.
Efficacy
• A total of 32 PFS events had occurred among 75 patients in Cohort A, with a median PFS of 6.9 months (95% CI 4.9-8.3; Figure 2A). In Cohort B, 7 PFS events had occurred among 15 patients, with a median PFS of 4.1 months (95% CI 2.1-NE; Figure 2B).
• Among patients with MET IHC 3+ tumors, median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI 4.1-NE) in those previously treated with EGFR-TKI alone (Figure 3A) and 7.8 months (95% CI 4.2-NE) in those previously treated with EGFR-TKI plus platinum-based chemotherapy (Figure 3B).
Figure 2. Progression-Free Survival in Cohort A (A) and Cohort B (B): A Events/total 32/75, Median (95% CI) 6.9 (4.9-8.3); B Events/total 7/15, Median 4.1 (2.1-NE)
Figure 3. Progression-Free Survival in Patients with MET IHC 3+ Tumors in Cohort A by Prior Treatment: EGFR-TKI Only (A) vs EGFR-TKI Plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy (B)
Safety
• Infusion-related reaction (IRR) was the most common TEAE, occurring in 44/79 (55.7%) patients, and was predominantly grade 1-2.
• Grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 34 patients (43.0%) and the most common grade ≥3 TEAE was neutropenia (17.7%).
• TEAE leading to permanent discontinuation of study treatment were reported in 4 patients (5.1%). No patient died due to study treatment.
TEAEs occurring in at least 10% of patients (%) (All Grade / Grade ≥ 3): IRR 55.7 / 3.8; Hypoalbuminaemia 40.5 / 1.3; Neutropenia 34.2 / 17.7; Leukopenia 30.4 / 3.8; Rash 29.1 / 1.3; ALT increased 19 / 0; AST increased 16.5 / 0; Hypocalcaemia 15.2 / 0; Lipase increased 15.2 / 3.8; LDH increased 12.7 / 0; Stomatitis 12.7 / 0; ALP increased 11.4 / 0; Proteinuria 11.4 / 0; Amylase increased 10.1 / 0; Anaemia 10.1 / 0; Thrombocytopenia 10.1 / 0
Conclusions
• MCLA-129 demonstrated clinically meaningful antitumor activity in EGFR-mutant NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification after standard treatment.
• Greater activity was observed in MET inhibitor-naïve patients with MET IHC 3+ tumors, particularly in those previously treated with EGFR-TKI alone, whereas activity was more limited after prior MET inhibitor exposure.
• MCLA-129 showed a manageable safety profile, supporting further investigation in this molecularly defined population.
Declarations / Funding: All authors declare no competing interests. The study was funded by Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
Contact Info: Qing Zhou. MD, PhD
Elvina Almuradova@Dr_ElvinaA
1) Slide: Calderasib (MK-1084) KANDLELIT-001 title slide, KRAS G12C NSCLC (, Mehmet A. N. Sendur) · 2) Slide: KANDLELIT-001 calderasib ± pembrolizumab summary and conclusions (Mehmet Sendur)
KRAS-targeted agents were the stars of this Rapid Oral session! @nahit_sendur
KANDLELIT-001: 1L calderasib + pembrolizumab in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC:
• PD-L1 ≥50%: ORR 84%, mPFS 34.4 months
• PD-L1 1–49%: ORR 55%, mPFS 25.1 months
Promising signals—eager to see more mature data and randomized confirmation. #LCSM #ESMO26 |@Larvol @OncoAlert
[Slide 1]
Calderasib (MK-1084), alone or in combination, for KRAS G12C-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Jhanelle E. Gray; Nir Peled; Laiyu Liu; Adrian Sacher; Jair Bar; Mustafa Erman; Annette Kodahl; Maya Gottfried; Enriqueta Felip; Shun Lu; Carlos I. Rojas; Rafal Dziadziuszko; Matteo Simonelli; Grygorii Ursol; Thomas Jemielita; L. Rhoda Molife; Yewon Choi; Razvan Cristescu; Mark Ayers; Mehmet A. N. Sendur
25 October 2026
#2680RO
[Slide 2]
Summary and Conclusions
• In KANDLELIT-001, calderasib alone or in combination with pembrolizumab ± platinum-based chemotherapy shows clinically meaningful activity in participants with KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic NSCLC
– Arms 1 + 3 (2L or later calderasib monotherapy): ORR 35%, median DOR 16.8 months, median PFS 8.3 months
– Arm 2 (1L calderasib + pembrolizumab):
▪ TPS ≥50%: ORR 84%, median DOR not reached, median PFS 34.4 months
▪ TPS 1%-49%: ORR 55%, median DOR 26.2 months, median PFS 25.1 months
• Reductions in KRAS G12C VAF and MSAF at cycle 3 day 1 indicate robust target engagement
• AEs were manageable
– Grade 3 TRAEs of increased ALT (3%) and increased AST (3%) with calderasib monotherapy were uncommon; rates were <9% with calderasib + pembrolizumab and <11% with the triplet combination
– TRAEs leading to calderasib discontinuation occurred in 1% (monotherapy), 4% (calderasib + pembrolizumab), and 7% (triplet) of participants
Our findings support enrollment in the phase 3 KANDLELIT-004 (NCT06345729)1 and KANDLELIT-007 (NCT07190248)2 studies of calderasib + pembrolizumab as first-line therapy in KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic NSCLC
1. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06345729: KANDLELIT-004: A randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study of calderasib+pembrolizumab vs placebo+pembrolizumab as 1L therapy for participants with KRAS G12C-mutant metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 TPS ≥50%
2. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07190248: KANDLELIT-007: A randomized, open-label, phase 3 study of calderasib+pembrolizumab SC vs pembrolizumab SC+chemotherapy as 1L therapy participants with KRAS G12C-mutant nonsquamous metastatic NSCLC
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Biomarker data: Poster 209P: AI-driven quantification of PD-L1 TPS from IHC slides in NSCLC
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM #AI
🔥AI-Driven Quantification of PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) From Immunohistochemistry Slides in NSCLC
🎙️Dr. Ana D. Ramos Guerra
🔢209P
🎯ABMIL + Virchow2 Foundation Model Classifies TPS (<1%, 1–49%, ≥50%) With Macro-AUC 0.909 (INGENIO, n=270) and 0.907 (MSK External, n=204)
🔗 https://t.co/wBSQC3PU0A
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
209P
AI-driven quantification of PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) from immunohistochemistry slides in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
A.D. Ramos-Guerra, J.E. Ortuño, I. Carretero-Barrio, N. Torres, A. Benito, S. Granados-Barrio, A. Compañ, R. Noguera, J. Castellví, E. Conde Gallego, C. Aura, N. Valerdiz Menéndez, M.I. Esteban, A. Argueta, A. Estébanez-Gallo, I. Sánchez Guerri, M. Martínez, J. Palacios, L. Paz-Ares, M. Ledesma-Carbayo, on behalf of the INGENIO consortium
BACKGROUND
• PD-L1 TPS is required for guiding treatment decisions in NSCLC.
• TPS assessment requires expertise, is time-consuming and is subject to interobserver variability and technical heterogeneity [1].
• Automated methods often rely on manual annotations [2] or lack three-category TPS validation in NSCLC [3].
• Scarce studies based on real-world NSCLC cohorts.
• Automated slide-level TPS classification may help standardize PD-L1 evaluation in routine clinical practice.
METHODS
DATA SPLIT: INGENIO 11 Spanish hospitals, 1 247 PD-L1 IHC WSIs, Proprietary; Memorial Sloan Kettering 1 US clinical center, 204 PD-L1 IHC WSIs, Public
Hospital-dependent split (~80% / ~20%): Train INGENIO 9 hospitals 977 WSIs; Test INGENIO 2 hospitals 270 WSIs; Test MSK 1 hospital 204 WSIs
METHODOLOGY WORKFLOW: Digitized WSI → Tissue segmentation → Segmented WSI → Manual control tissue exclusion → Final tissue mask → Selected tissue → Tissue patches → Patch-level encoder → Patch embeddings → Attention-based MIL → TPS classification (<1%, 1–49%, ≥50%)
RESULTS
Figure 1. Cohort composition. Distribution of PD-L1 TPS categories, PD-L1 antibody clones and slide scanners in the training cohort (Train-INGENIO) and both test cohorts (Test-INGENIO and Test-MSK).
Figure 2. Foundation model benchmark. One-vs-rest AUC per TPS category for eight patch encoders in 5-fold cross-validation on Train-INGENIO. (CONCHv1.5, CTransPath, H-Optimus-1, PLIP, Phikon-v2, RetCCL, UNI 2, Virchow2)
Figure 3. Model performance on test cohorts. Performance of the Virchow2-based model at clinical cut-offs in Test-INGENIO and Test-MSK test cohorts.
| Test-INGENIO AUC | PPV | NPV | Test-MSK AUC | PPV | NPV
TPS≥1% | 0.904 (95%CI 0.865-0.937) | 81.5% | 90.7% | 0.921 (95% CI 0.877-0.956) | 87.6% | 84.3%
TPS≥50% | 0.923 (95%CI 0.886-0.956) | 86.1% | 95.7% | 0.861 (95% CI 0.814-0.907) | 97.3% | 80.9%
Figure 4. Model interpretability. Example IHC slides, expert-guided cell segmentations and attention heatmaps from the Virchow2-based model. CASE A TPS: 0%; CASE B TPS: 5%; CASE C TPS: 80%
CONCLUSIONS
• AI-driven quantification accurately classifies PD-L1 TPS from IHC WSIs (AUC 0.86–0.92 in two external cohorts).
• Attention maps highlight PD-L1+ tumor regions in TPS≥1% cases, consistent with pathologist criteria.
• Future work will target the intermediate TPS 1–49% category and its association with progression-free survival.
giuseppe Minniti@gminniti2012
Slide: TUXEDO-3 primary endpoint outcomes by cohort (recap of published results)
Great presentation by Matthias Preusser on the final TUXEDO-3 results: encouraging HER3-DXd activity in active brain metastases and LMD, with stable or improved QoL. Part of an exciting CNS session chaired by Dr Franceschi and Dr Berghoff. #ESMO26
@myESMO
@EANOassociation https://t.co/bA7ncOTWfy
Primary endpoint outcomes
Cohort 1 (mBC with active BMs)
23.8% intracranial ORR as per RANO-BM criteria
Bartsch R et al. Lancet Oncol, 2025
| Intracranial, % (n=21) | Extracranial, % (n=19*) | Bicompartmental, % (n=21)
ORR | 19.0 | 10.5 | 14.3
DCR | 61.9 | 57.9 | 66.7
Cohort 2 (aNSCLC with active BMs)
30.0% intracranial ORR as per RANO-BM criteria
Fuereder T et al. Lancet Oncol, 2025
| Intracranial, % (n=18*) | Extracranial, % (n=18*) | Bicompartmental, % (n=19*)
ORR | 27.8 | 27.8 | 26.3
DCR | 77.8 | 77.8 | 73.7
Cohort 3 (LMD from solid tumors)
65.0% 3-month OS rate
Preusser M et al. Nat Med, 2025
| Intracranial, % (n=17*) | Extracranial, % (n=15*) | Bicompartmental, % (n=19*)
ORR | 23.5 | 26.7 | 31.6
DCR | 58.8 | 60.0 | 57.9
• We now report mature survival data together with final efficacy, safety, quality of life, and neurological outcomes.
* Patients without a valid baseline assessment or without baseline lesions in the corresponding compartment were excluded.
ADCs, antibody-drug conjugates; aNSCLC, advanced non-small cell lung cancer; BMs, brain metastases; DCR, disease control rate; LMD, leptomeningeal disease; mBC, metastatic breast cancer; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; RANO-BM: Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases.
d.planchard@dplanchard
Slide: IFCT-1904 ENCO-BRAF phase 2 poster 2651P: encorafenib plus binimetinib in BRAF V600E-mutant advanced NSCLC
IFCT ONCOBRAF study 🇫🇷 #ESMO26, Encorafenib + Binimetinib shows comparable performance 1L & 2L (mPFS: 11.1 & 9.2 mo) in #BRAF V600mut NSCLC pts, with prolonged survival of 41.1 (1L) and 37.5 mo (2L) confirming this combo as a standard. Come by to learn more and chat @C_Ricordel https://t.co/GEam3q8oYS
IFCT ESMO 2026
Encorafenib plus binimetinib in patients (pts) with BRAFV600E-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer: updated efficacy and safety results from the IFCT-1904 ENCO-BRAF phase 2 trial
C. Ricordel · J. Mazieres · C. Mascaux · F. Guisier · P. Tomasini · M. Wislez · D. Moro-Sibilot · S. Cousin · S. Couraud · V. Fallet · C. Guguen · A. Lagrange · A. Madroszyk-Flandin · J. Otto · M. Pérol · B. Roch · E. Amour · F. Morin · A.B. Cortot · D. Planchard
Background
• BRAF-V600 activating mutations are oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
• The combination of BRAF inhibitor encorafenib plus MEK inhibitor binimetinib has demonstrated clinical efficacy in pts with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC and has received approval from the EMA and FDA.
Methods and Objectives
Open-label, Phase II trial
Key inclusion criteria
• Patients with BRAF-V600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC
• ≥ 18 years
• WHO performance status 0-1
• BRAFV600E mutation (enrolment by local assay)
• No prior anti-BRAF cancer therapy
• Stable CNS metastases allowed
• Treatment naive or previously treated
Treatment naive → Planned N = 60 → Binimetinib: 45 mg bid Encorafenib: 450 mg QD 28-Day cycles
Previously treated → Planned N = 59 → Binimetinib: 45 mg bid Encorafenib: 450 mg QD 28-Day cycles
• Primary endpoint: investigator-assessed confirmed best ORR (complete response + partial response)
• Secondary endpoints included: DOR, PFS, OS, safety
Baseline characteristics | Treatment naive (N=64) | Previously treated (N=32)
Sex Female N (%) | 34 (53.1) | 16 (50.0)
Male N (%) | 30 (46.9) | 16 (50.0)
Age (years) Mean ± SD | 69.9 ± 10.7 | 69.2 ± 9.6
Smoking status Current N (%) | 7 (10.9) | 5 (15.6)
Former N (%) | 34 (53.1) | 18 (56.3)
Never N (%) | 23 (35.9) | 9 (28.1)
ECOG PS 0 N (%) | 28 (43.8) | 12 (37.5)
1 N (%) | 36 (56.3) | 20 (62.5)
Brain metastasis Yes N (%) | 11 (17.2) | 2 (6.3)
No N (%) | 53 (82.8) | 30 (93.8)
PDL1 TPS ≥ 50% N (%) | 32 (50.0) | 12 (37.5)
≥ 1% and < 50% N (%) | 17 (26.6) | 10 (31.3)
< 1% N (%) | 13 (20.3) | 8 (25.0)
Not done N (%) | 2 (3.1) | 2 (6.3)
CONCLUSIONS
➤ The updated results of the IFCT-1904 ENCO-BRAF phase II trial further support the clinical activity of the encorafenib plus binimetinib combination in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC.
➤ The safety profile was favourable and consistent with previous studies in lung cancer.
➤ These results confirm the combination as a therapeutic option in both first and second-line settings.
Confirmed best objective response rate (ORR) and best overall response
Treatment naive N=63
Confirmed best ORR (CR + PR): 68.3% [95% CI: 56.8%-79.7%]
Median duration of response (DOR, months): 14.8 [95% CI: 9.3-22.1]
DOR > 6 months (N): 33 (76.7%)
Previously treated N=31
Confirmed best ORR (CR + PR): 61.3% [95% CI: 44.1%-78.4%]
Median duration of response (DOR, months): 9.3 [95% CI: 4.8-NR]
DOR > 6 months (N): 10 (52.6%)
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
Treatment naive N=63: Median PFS (months): 11.1 [95% CI: 7.1-16.5]
Previously treated N=31: Median PFS (months): 9.2 [95% CI: 5.6-11.1]
Overall Survival (OS)
Treatment naive N=63: Median OS (months): 41.1 [95% CI: 27.4-NR]; Median follow-up (months): 36.2 [95% CI: 31.9-37.5]
Previously treated N=31: Median OS (months): 35.7 [95% CI: 14.7-NR]; Median follow-up (months): 20.2 [95% CI: 13.7-34.0]
Quality of Life – VAS score
Safety – TRAE any grade ≥10%
[illegible bar chart labels and values]
Special thanks to
Independent data monitoring committee members: Eric Dansin (Lille), Charlée Nardin (Besançon) and Marie-Anne Vibet (Nantes).
Aquilab for blinded independent central review of images
DOI ESMO 2026
DOI C. Ricordel : consulting fees from MSD, Takeda, Roche, Amgen; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Takeda, Roche, Sanofi.
Corresponding author: Charles.RICORDEL@chu-rennes.fr
Study sponsored by IFCT
www.ifct.fr
Collaboration / funding: Pierre Fabre
CT.gov identifier: NCT04526782
2651P
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: SKB500 B7-H3 ADC phase I study design in ES-SCLC · 2) Response data: SKB500 in ES-SCLC: ORR, cORR, DCR and DoR by dose with swimmer · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: SKB500 in ES-SCLC: Kaplan-Meier PFS and OS by dose, 12 vs 16 · 4) Safety data: SKB500 in ES-SCLC safety summary and TRAEs ≥20% by dose (Haifeng Liu)
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥SKB500 (a Novel B7-H3–Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate) in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC): Results From a Phase I Study
🎙️Dr. Haifeng Liu
🔢3816RO
🎯ORR 67.2%, Median DoR 5.8mo, Median PFS 7.2mo (n=61)
🎯12mg/kg Q3W Better Tolerated (Grade≥3 TRAEs 47.5% vs 61.9%) With Better Activity Than 16mg/kg
☑️NCT06736327
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
Background and Study Design
- B7-H3 is overexpressed in lung cancer and several other malignancies but has limited expression in normal tissues, where it promotes tumor progression and immune evasion1.
- SKB500 is a B7-H3-targeted ADC comprising an antibody linked to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via a cleavable pyrimidine-tripeptide linker. As previously reported, SKB500 demonstrated favorable safety and antitumor activity across multiple tumor types2.
Dose Escalation
mTPI-2 design
18 mg/kg
16 mg/kg
12 mg/kg
9 mg/kg
6 mg/kg
4 mg/kg
2 mg/kg
Expansion
ES-SCLC
12 mg/kg (n=40)*
16 mg/kg (n=21)*
ESCC, HNSCC, CRC, and others
Expansion includes dose expansion and indication expansion
Key Eligibility Criteria:
- Age 18-75 years
- ES-SCLC
- Progressed on ≥ 1 prior line of systemic therapy
- ECOG PS 0-1
Endpoints:
- Primary Endpoints: Safety (DLT, AE)
- Secondary Endpoints: Investigator-assessed ORR, DCR, DoR, and PFS; OS
Here we present updated safety and antitumor activity of SKB500 in ES-SCLC from the multicenter, open-label phase I study.
SKB500 was administered intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W). *Sample sizes include patients enrolled in the dose escalation phase. Clinical trial identification: NCT06736327.
Professor Haifeng Liu
1. Yamato M et al. Mol Cancer Ther. 2022; 21(4):635-646.
2. Liu H et al. 2026 ASCO. Abstract 3011.
[Slide 2]
Objective Response and Duration of Response
| 12 mg/kg (n = 40) | 16 mg/kg (n = 21)
ORR, % (95% CI) | 75.0 (58.8, 87.3) | 66.7 (43.0, 85.4)
cORR, % (95% CI) | 62.5 (45.8, 77.3) | 66.7 (43.0, 85.4)
DCR, % (95% CI) | 95.0 (83.1, 99.4) | 85.7 (63.7, 97.0)
DoR, median (95% CI), mo | 5.7 (4.3, 7.1) | 5.8 (2.7, NE)
Swimmer plot legend: 12 mg/kg Q3W; 16 mg/kg Q3W; Partial Response (first occurred); Ongoing (no PD/alive)
Time (Months)
Waterfall plot: Best Change from Baseline (%); 12 mg/kg Q3W; 16 mg/kg Q3W
* Percentage change from baseline for target lesions was 0%.
Data cutoff: September 16, 2026.
cORR, confirmed ORR; NE, not estimable; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease.
Professor Haifeng Liu
[Slide 3]
Progression-Free Survival and Overall Survival
| 12 mg/kg (n = 40) | 16 mg/kg (n = 21)
mPFS (95% CI), mo | 8.1 (5.7, 8.5) | 5.6 (3.9, 9.3)
6-mo PFS rate,% (95% CI) | 65.3 (47.8, 78.2) | 49.0 (25.9, 68.7)
| 12 mg/kg (n = 40) | 16 mg/kg (n = 21)
mOS (95% CI), mo | 14.0 (7.7, NE) | 10.6 (4.6, NE)
12-mo OS rate,% (95% CI) | 56.8 (37.7, 72.0) | 46.4 (9.7, 77.7)
Progression-Free Survival (%); Overall Survival (%); Time (Months)
12 mg/kg Q3W; 16 mg/kg Q3W; Censored
No. at Risk
Median follow-up: 9.3 months (12 mg/kg) and 8.3 months (16 mg/kg).
Data cutoff: September 16, 2026.
Professor Haifeng Liu
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
12 mg/kg Q3W | 40 | PFS 8.1 mo; OS 14.0 mo | PFS 5.7-8.5; OS 7.7-NE
16 mg/kg Q3W | 21 | PFS 5.6 mo; OS 10.6 mo | PFS 3.9-9.3; OS 4.6-NE
6-mo PFS rate: 65.3% (47.8-78.2) vs 49.0% (25.9-68.7)
12-mo OS rate: 56.8% (37.7-72.0) vs 46.4% (9.7-77.7)
[Slide 4]
Safety Summary
| 12 mg/kg (n = 40) | 16 mg/kg (n = 21)
Median duration of exposure, mo (range) | 5.5 (1.4, 14.8) | 4.3 (0.7, 13.0)
TRAEs, n (%) | 40 (100) | 20 (95.2)
Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs | 21 (52.5) | 14 (66.7)
Serious TRAEs | 15 (37.5) | 9 (42.9)
TRAEs leading to dose reduction | 5 (12.5) | 8 (38.1)
TRAEs leading to discontinuation | 1 (2.5) | 1 (4.8)
TRAEs leading to death | 0 | 0
Summary of any grade TRAEs with incidence ≥ 20% in either group
(12 mg/kg any grade, 12 mg/kg grade≥3 | 16 mg/kg grade≥3, 16 mg/kg any grade)
Anemia 88 10 | 19 76
WBC decreased 65 15 | 29 76
Hypoalbuminemia 53 0 | 0 48
NEUT decreased 50 8 | 19 67
AST increased 48 0 | 0 19
PLT decreased 45 10 | 14 57
Nausea 38 3 | 0 52
ALT increased 35 0 | 0 14
LYM decreased 33 13 | 29 48
Decreased appetite 33 5 | 10 57
GGT increased 30 0 | 5 29
Asthenia 25 13 | 0 38
Weight decreased 15 0 | 0 33
Hyponatremia 13 0 | 0 43
Vomiting 10 0 | 0 24
Constipation 8 0 | 0 43
TRAEs (%)
12 mg/kg Q3W, Any Grade; 16 mg/kg Q3W, Any Grade; 12 mg/kg Q3W, Grade≥3; 16 mg/kg Q3W, Grade≥3
Data cutoff: September 16, 2026.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; LYM, lymphocyte count; NEUT, neutrophil count; PLT, platelet count; WBC, white blood cell count.
Professor Haifeng Liu
Ana I. Velázquez Mañana, MD, MSc, FASCO@AnaVManana
Biomarker data: CROWN ctDNA: 7-year PFS by on-treatment TF clearance
👑 Updates on ctDNA data from the CROWN study, lorlatinib in ALK-fusion positive NSCLC at #ESMO26
🔹 TP53 mut. enriched on pts who experienced early progression
🔹 Baseline TP53 mut. associated with poor prognosis
🔹 Baseline detectable ctDNA and clearance at 4 and 24 wks prognostic of PFS
#LCSM
7-year PFS by on-treatment TF clearance in the lorlatinib group
• Among patients with TF detected at baseline, TF clearance (D/ND) was associated with longer PFS vs persistent TF detected (D/D) as early as week 4 (HR 0.48) and the association held at week 24 (HR 0.45)a
[Left panel] Week 4 TF clearance statusb
Probability of PFS; Months
PFS, months, median (95% CI) | D/ND n=54: NR (51.7-NR) | D/D n=45: 33.3 (16.4-69.7)
HR (95% CI), D/ND vs D/D: 0.48 (0.26-0.86)
No. at risk (0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 months)
D/ND: 54 43 39 33 32 30 30 16 2
D/D: 45 30 20 15 13 10 7 6 0
[Right panel] Week 24 TF clearance statusb
PFS, months, median (95% CI) | D/ND n=58: NR (60.0-NR) | D/D n=15: 32.9 (16.4-NR)
HR (95% CI), D/ND vs D/D: 0.45 (0.21-0.96)
No. at risk (0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 months)
D/ND: 58 50 40 35 32 31 29 17 2
D/D: 15 12 8 4 4 3 3 2 0
D, detected; HR, hazard ratio; ND, not detected; NR, not reached; PFS, progression-free survival; TF, tumor fraction.
aTF is defined as the ratio of observed tumor-specific methylation signals to methylation levels across constitutively methylated and unmethylated regions. ND means TF=0.
bThe clearance analyses at Week 4 and Week 24 are based on patients with both a detectable baseline sample and an evaluable paired sample at the respective visit.
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by week-4 ctDNA tumor fraction clearance (lorlatinib group, TF detected at baseline)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
D/ND (TF cleared at week 4) | 54 | NR | 51.7-NR
D/D (TF persistent at week 4) | 45 | 33.3 months | 16.4-69.7
HR: 0.48
HR CI: 0.26-0.86
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: SOHO-01 poster 2712P - updated efficacy and safety of sevabertinib in HER2-mutant NSCLC, including
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥SOHO-01: Updated Efficacy and Safety of Sevabertinib in Advanced HER2-Mutant NSCLC, Including First-Line Patients (Pts) and Those With Active Brain Metastases
🎙️ @LeXiuning
🔢2712P
🎯1L (n=69): ORR 75%, Median PFS 16.4mo; Pretreated (n=70): ORR 73%, Median PFS 9.6mo
🎯Active Brain Mets (n=31): Intracranial CR 19%, DCR 61%, Median Intracranial DoR 6.9mo
☑️NCT05099172
🔗 https://t.co/LROXshJYsZ
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
2712P
SOHO-01: Updated efficacy and safety of sevabertinib in advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC, including first-line patients and those with active brain metastases
Xiuning Le; Tae Min Kim; Lin Li; Yong Fang; Xiaorong Dong; Herbert H. Loong; Yuki Shinno; Gennaro Daniele; Hye Ryun Kim; Silvia Novello; Gerrina Ruiter; Nicolas Girard; Liyun Miao; Rui Li; Paolo Grassi; Shun Lu; Arsela Prelaj
INTRODUCTION
• Sevabertinib is a potent, reversible, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that is FDA approved for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring HER2 tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations after previous systemic therapy, and has more recently been approved for treatment-naive patients
• In the Phase I/II SOHO-01 study (NCT05099172), sevabertinib previously showed antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with previously treated (Cohort D) and treatment-naive (Cohort F) HER2-mutant NSCLC
– In Cohort F, duration of response (DoR) and progression-free survival (PFS) data were immature at a median follow-up of 9.9 months
• Here, we report updated results from Cohorts D and F with longer follow-up, together with findings from Cohort G, which enrolled patients with active, clinically stable brain metastases
METHODS
• SOHO-01 (NCT05099172) is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, multicohort, Phase I/II study evaluating the efficacy and safety of sevabertinib (20 mg twice daily) in patients aged ≥18 years with locally advanced, or metastatic HER2-mutant NSCLC (Figure 1)
Figure 1. SOHO-01 study design (NCT05099172)
D Naive to HER2 ex20ins-targeted therapy; F Naive to systemic anticancer therapy for locally advanced or metastatic disease; G Naive to HER2 ex20ins-targeted TKIs with active, clinically stable CNS metastases
PRIMARY ENDPOINTS • ORR per RECIST v1.1 by BICR; SECONDARY ENDPOINTS • DoR and PFS (per RECIST v1.1) by BICR and investigator assessed • Safety and tolerability • RANO-BM (Cohort G)
Cut-off date: March 16, 2026
RESULTS: BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS
• As of the data cut-off of March 16, 2026, 81 patients in Cohort D, 73 patients in Cohort F, and 31 patients in Cohort G received sevabertinib (20 mg, twice daily, Table 1)
– Most patients had both non-squamous histology and HER2 TKD mutations
Table 1. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics (Cohort D n=81 | Cohort F n=73 | Cohort G n=31)
Median age, years (range) 60 (29–82) | 65 (31–82) | 61 (43–78)
Female, n (%) 50 (62) | 46 (63) | 21 (68)
Never smoked, n (%) 50 (62) | 57 (78) | 22 (71)
HER2 TKD mutation and non-squamous histology, n (%) 70 (86) | 69 (95) | 30 (97)
RESULTS: EFFICACY
ORR
• The ORR in patients with non-squamous histology and HER2 TKD mutations at baseline was 73% in Cohort D and 75% in Cohort F (Table 2)
• In patients with TKD mutations at baseline, the ORR was 71% (95% CI 59, 81) in Cohort D and 75% (95% CI 63, 84) in Cohort F
DoR
• Median DoR was 15.1 months in treatment-naive patients (Cohort F) and 9.5 months in previously treated patients (Cohort D; Table 2)
Table 2. Tumor response in Cohorts D and F (BICR, per RECIST v1.1)
Cohort D (n=81): All treated patients (n=81) | Treated patients with non-squamous histology + HER2 TKD mutation (n=70) | Treated patients with non-squamous histology + HER2 YVMA mutation (n=49); Cohort F (n=73): All treated patients (n=73) | non-squamous + HER2 TKD mutation (n=69) | non-squamous + HER2 YVMA mutation (n=55)
CR 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 2 (4) | 4 (5) | 4 (6) | 2 (4)
PR 52 (64) | 49 (70) | 36 (73) | 51 (70) | 48 (70) | 39 (71)
SD 18 (22) | 12 (17) | 7 (14) | 13 (18) | 13 (19) | 11 (20)
PD 6 (7) | 4 (6) | 3 (6) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 1 (2)
Not evaluable/Not available 3 (4) | 3 (4) | 1 (2) | 3 (4) | 3 (4) | 2 (4)
ORR, % (95% CI) 67 (55, 77) | 73 (61, 83) | 78 (63, 88) | 75 (64, 85) | 75 (64, 85) | 75 (61, 85)
DCR, % (95% CI) 81 (71, 89) | 84 (74, 92) | 88 (75, 95) | 89 (80, 95) | 90 (80, 96) | 89 (78, 96)
Median DoR, months (95% CI) 9.5 (6.3, 13.5) | 9.5 (6.3, 13.5) | 9.5 (6.3, 15.0) | 15.1 (9.1, NE) | 15.1 (9.1, NE) | 15.1 (8.8, NE)
Median follow up, months (range) 22.8 (0.9–41.4) | 23.0 (0.9–41.4) | 23.1 (0.9–41.4) | 17.4 (0.2–24.0) | 17.9 (0.2–24.0) | 17.9 (0.2–24.0)
PFS
• Median PFS in patients with non-squamous histology and HER2 TKD mutations was 9.6 months (95% CI 6.9, 14.5; Figure 2A) in Cohort D and 16.4 months (95% CI 10.0, NE; Figure 2C) in Cohort F
• In all patients treated in Cohorts D and F, median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI 6.9, 12.3; Figure 2B) and 13.5 months (95% CI 10.0, NE; Figure 2D), respectively
Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier curves of PFS by BICR in Cohorts D (A, B) and F (C, D)
Cohort G: Patients with active, clinically stable brain metastases
• Most patients in Cohort G were pretreated, with 45% (n=14) having received ≥3 prior lines of systemic therapy (Table 3)
– In Cohort G, 26% of patients had received prior trastuzumab deruxtecan
• At a median follow-up of 13.2 months, the ORR was 26% (n=8/31), of which 6 patients had a complete response and 2 patients had a partial response (Table 4)
• Of the patients with measurable intracranial lesions (n=16), 81% had intracranial tumor shrinkage by RANO-BM (Figure 3)
Table 3. Cohort G treatment history (n=31): Prior systemic anti-cancer therapies 0: 2 (6); 1: 12 (39); 2: 3 (10); ≥3: 14 (45). Previous anticancer therapy: EGFR ex20ins-targeted therapy 31 (100); Chemotherapy 26 (84); HER2 ex20ins-targeted therapy 11 (35); Trastuzumab deruxtecan 8 (26)
Table 4. Tumor response in Cohort G (RANO-BM by BICR) (All patients n=31 | Measurable intracranial target lesions n=16 | Non-measurable intracranial target lesions n=15)
CR 6 (19) | 0 | 6 (40)
PR 2 (6) | 2 (13) | 0
SD 11 (35) | 6 (38) | 5 (33)
PD 8 (26) | 6 (38) | 2 (13)
Not evaluable 4 (13) | 2 (13) | 2 (13)
ORR, % (95% CI) 26 (12, 45) | 13 (2, 38) | 40 (16, 68)
DCR, % (95% CI) 45 (27, 64) | 31 (11, 59) | 60 (32, 84)
Median DoR, months (95% CI) 6.9 (2.9, 10.4) | 5.1 (2.9, NE) | 6.9 (4.2, NE)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 4.0 (2.7, 5.6) | 2.8 (2.0, 4.0) | 8.1 (2.7, 14.4)
RESULTS: SAFETY
• The majority of drug related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were below grade 3 in Cohorts D, F, and G (Table 5)
• The most common drug-related TEAE was diarrhea, occurring in 86% of patients in Cohort D and 85% of patients in Cohort F (Table 5)
– Grade 3 drug-related diarrhea occurred in 25% (n=20) of patients in Cohort D, 5% (n=4) of patients in Cohort F, and 26% (n=8) in Cohort G
– There were no treatment discontinuations due to diarrhea
Table 5. Incidence and severity of drug-related TEAEs (Cohort D n=81 | Cohort F n=73 | Cohort G n=31)
Any 78 (96) | 71 (97) | 30 (97)
Grade 1–2 45 (56) | 49 (67) | 16 (52)
Grade ≥3 33 (41) | 22 (30)* | 14 (45)
Serious 12 (15) | 8 (11) | 5 (16)
Leading to dose reduction 20 (25) | 23 (32) | 8 (26)
Leading to dose interruption or delay 26 (32) | 24 (33) | 8 (26)
Leading to permanent treatment discontinuation 4 (5) | 2 (3) | 1 (3)
Most common drug-related TEAEs (>20% of patients): Diarrhea 70 (86) | 62 (85) | 27 (87); Rash 42 (52) | 42 (58) | 11 (35); Paronychia 23 (28) | 20 (27) | 6 (19); Anemia 15 (19) | 20 (27) | 2 (6); Stomatitis 15 (19) | 20 (27) | 7 (23); Increased ALT 14 (17) | 17 (23) | 6 (19); Hypokalemia 15 (19) | 16 (22) | 6 (19)
CONCLUSIONS
• In this updated analysis of the SOHO-01 study, sevabertinib demonstrated durable antitumor activity in previously treated (Cohort D) and treatment-naive (Cohort F) patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC
– Durable efficacy and intracranial activity was also demonstrated in heavily pretreated patients with active brain metastases (Cohort G)
• The safety profile of sevabertinib in Cohorts D and F was manageable and consistent with previous reports
Acknowledgments: This study was sponsored by Bayer.
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology Congress 2026, Madrid, Spain, 23–27 October 2026.
Hongcheng Zhu 祝鸿程@DrHongchengZhu
1) Slide: Hope Rugo slide: Major Oncology Journal Impact Factors table · 2) Slide: Hope Rugo slide: Writing your Paper, including guidance on use of AI · 3) Slide: Hope Rugo slide: Writing your Paper - Recommended Writing Sequence · 4) Slide: Hope Rugo slide: Oncology Specific Topics in manuscript reporting
#ESMO26 Publishing is of course of great interest for oncology researchers @hoperugo editor-in-chief of @ESMO_Open shares her insights on how to publish in oncology journals ! Many practical advice for #youngoncologists
#ESMOYOC
#cancerresearch
#researchmatch https://t.co/Csy57diBlo
[Slide 1]
Major Oncology Journal Impact Factors
Oncology Journal | Impact Factor | Typical focus
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians | 685.2 | Cancer statistics, major reviews and guidelines
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology | 94.6 | Clinical reviews and perspectives
Annals of Oncology | 80.4 | Clinical trials, guidelines and translational research
Cancer Cell | 56.1 | Fundamental and translational cancer biology
JCO | 44.7 | Practice-changing clinical oncology
Lancet Oncology | 33.7 | Major clinical trials and global oncology
Cancer Discovery | 29.5 | Novel therapeutics and translational discoveries
Nature Cancer | 28 | Basic, translational and clinical cancer research
JAMA Oncology | 23.9 | Clinical research, outcomes and populationscience
Journal of Thoracic Oncology | 23.3 | Lung cancer and thoracic malignancies
Cancer Research | 22.6 | Experimental and translational cancerresearch
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer | 11.7 | Immunotherapy and immune-oncology
Clinical Cancer Research | 10.9 | Translational research and therapeutic development
ESMO Open | 10.6 | Clinical and translational oncology
European Journal of Oncology | 7.9 | Clinical and translational cancer research
British Journal of Cancer | 7.8 | Clinical, laboratory and epidemiologic research
JNCI | 7.7 | Clinical, epidemiologic and cancer-controlresearch
Cancer | 5.6 | Clinical oncology and outcomes
JCO Oncology Practice | 5.5 | Quality of care, implementation and practice
Lung Cancer | 5.3 | Lung cancer clinical and translational research
High impact general medical journals:
NEJM: 84.5
Lancet: 109
Hope S. Rugo
[Slide 2]
Writing your Paper
• Match the manuscript's level of detail to the readership
• Avoid overselling clinical implications beyond the design and data
• For most original oncology research, use the Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion (IMRAD) structure.
• ICMJE recommends clear reporting of the study objective, methods, findings, limitations and supporting evidence.
• Special consideration: Use of AI
• Follow the journal's AI policy
• If AI assists with writing, analysis or figure generation, disclose its use as required and independently verify the output
• AI tools must not be listed as authors
• ICMJE recommendations were updated in January 2026, including expanded guidance on AI in publishing and authors' access to data.
• https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/artificial-intelligence/ai-use-by-authors.html
Hope S. Rugo
[Slide 3]
Writing your Paper: Recommended Writing Sequence
1. Prepare the tables and figures first. Establish the final analysis, patient flow, baseline characteristics and primary outcomes before drafting the narrative
2. Write the Methods. Specify the study design, eligibility criteria, treatment or exposure definitions, endpoints, statistical methods, ethics approval and data sources
3. Write the Results. Report findings in the same order as the prespecified objectives. Include denominators, effect estimates, confidence intervals and clinically relevant safety outcomes
4. Write the Discussion. Begin with the principal finding, compare it with relevant studies, explain the clinical significance and acknowledge limitations, summarize findings at the very end
5. Write the Introduction. Use a concise sequence: established knowledge, unresolved gap, and the specific question this study addresses – do not write a review article!
6. Draft the abstract and title last. They should accurately reflect the final analysis and avoid claims stronger than the results support
Hope S. Rugo, MD
[Slide 4]
Oncology Specific Topics
Survival analyses: State the time origin, event definition, censoring rules, median follow-up, number of events and methods used to estimate survival. Report hazard ratios with confidence intervals when appropriate.
Retrospective studies: Explain selection criteria, missing data, confounding, treatment-era effects and potential selection bias.
Biomarker studies: Specify assay methods, specimen handling, cutoff selection, validation strategy and whether analyses were prespecified.
Clinical trials: Report registration, protocol deviations, endpoint definitions, adverse events and relevant CONSORT items.
AI and predictive models: Explain the training and validation cohorts, missing-data handling, model performance and external validation where applicable.
Real-world evidence: Explain data provenance, cohort construction, index dates, treatment exposure definitions and sensitivity analyses.
Avoid describing an association as proof of causation in an observational study. A statistically significant result is not automatically clinically meaningful.
Hope S. Rugo
Tri-specific anti- PD1-VEGF-CTLA4; activity in multiple cohorts of NSCLC as monotherapy and combination with chemo in different lines; 100% ORR in high PDL1 1st line monotherapy; CS2009 #ESMO26 https://t.co/6Y6lJAYofI
[Slide 3]
Efficacy: Group 3 (1L NSCLC, monotherapy)
CS2009 monotherapy demonstrated compelling clinical efficacy in first-line, PD-L1 TPS ≥1% NSCLC
| | All Evaluable Patients | 20 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | Squamous | Non-squamous
TPS ≥1% | ORR, % (n) | 66.7% (32/48) | 58.3% (14/24) | 75.0% (18/24) | 69.0% (20/29) | 63.2% (12/19)
TPS ≥1% | DCR, % (n) | 93.8% (45/48) | 95.8% (23/24) | 91.7% (22/24) | 96.6% (28/29) | 89.5% (17/19)
TPS ≥50% | ORR, % (n) | 87.5% (21/24) | 76.9% (10/13) | 100% (11/11) | 91.7% (11/12) | 83.3% (10/12)
TPS ≥50% | DCR, % (n) | 95.8% (23/24) | 92.3% (12/13) | 100% (11/11) | 100% (12/12) | 91.7% (11/12)
[Waterfall plot TPS ≥1%: best change from baseline, % (20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg); spider plot TPS ≥1%: change from baseline, % vs Months]
Median DoR and median PFS were not reached due to short follow-up.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
[Slide 4]
Efficacy: Group 4 (1L SQ NSCLC, in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin)
CS2009 + paclitaxel + carboplatin demonstrated compelling clinical efficacy in first-line squamous NSCLC
| All Evaluable Patients | 20 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | PD-L1 TPS <1% | PD-L1 TPS 1-49%* | PD-L1 TPS ≥50%
ORR, % (n) | 80.8% (21/26) | 76.9% (10/13) | 84.6% (11/13) | 100% (8/8) | 66.7% (10/15) | 100% (2/2)
DCR, % (n) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (13/13) | 100% (13/13) | 100% (8/8) | 100% (15/15) | 100% (2/2)
* 14/15 with PD-L1 TPS [illegible]
Note: One additional patient with unknown PD-L1 status achieved a PR
[Waterfall plot: best change from baseline, %, 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg; spider plot: change from baseline, % vs Months; legend: 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, First New Lesion, Treatment ongoing]
Median DoR and median PFS were not reached due to short follow-up.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
Maria Moscvin@MMoscvin
1) Slide: First-line chemotherapy plus novel agents in thymic carcinoma: study comparison table (Garassino) · 2) Slide: Garassino's proposed future treatment algorithm for thymoma and thymic carcinoma
Our own @marinagarassino @UCCancerCenter @UChicagoMed chair of the Thymic Tumors state of the art and addition of Ivonescimab in TC 1L and Rivoceranib Thymoma/TC further lines https://t.co/zlAztBvENB
#2678P
A Pooled Analysis of Zongertinib Treatment in HER2-Overexpressed/Amplified NSCLC
Alison M. Schram,* Mariano Ponz-Sarvise, Alberto Hernando-Calvo, Ingrid M.E. Desar, François Ghiringhelli, Shigehisa Kitano, Christina Gewinner, Lukas Lunger, Patrizia Sini, Lorenz Uhlmann, John V. Heymach, Noboru Yamamoto
Introduction
• Zongertinib is an irreversible TKI that selectively inhibits HER2 while sparing wild-type EGFR, thereby minimizing associated toxicities
• Zongertinib is approved in the United States (accelerated) and in China (conditional) for patients with advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC, and in Japan for patients with previously treated advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC. Zongertinib is not approved by the EMA
• Here, we present a pooled analysis of patients with advanced HER2-overexpressed/amplified NSCLC treated with zongertinib monotherapy from Phase Ia of the Beamion LUNG-1 trial (NCT04886804) and the ongoing Phase II Beamion PANTUMOR-1 trial (NCT06581432), along with supporting preclinical data
Methods
• Phase Ia of Beamion LUNG-1 included patients with previously treated advanced solid tumors and HER2 alterations (mutations, amplification, or overexpression) who had exhausted all standard treatment options
• Beamion PANTUMOR-1 includes patients with previously treated HER2-altered solid tumors; patients could have received prior treatment with a HER2-directed ADC but not HER2 TKIs
• Patients in Beamion LUNG-1 received escalating doses of zongertinib; patients in Beamion PANTUMOR-1 received a 120 mg fixed dose of zongertinib
• Patients were selected for this pooled analysis according to HER2 overexpression and amplification (IHC 3+, IHC 2+ and ISH+, and/or CN ≥6 by NGS); patients with HER2 mutations were excluded
• In this pooled analysis, efficacy (investigator-assessed ORR; RECIST v1.1) and safety (AEs; CTCAE v5.0) were assessed
• In addition, preclinical antitumor activity of zongertinib as monotherapy was assessed in commercially available HER2-amplified CDX and PDX mouse models of NSCLC
Preclinical Activity in HER2-Amplified CDX and PDX Models
• In HER2-amplified CDX and PDX models of NSCLC, zongertinib led to delay of tumor growth (TGI = 41–64%; Calu-3) or complete TGI (TGI = 89–100%)
Model | Zongertinib TGI (%) 40 mg/kg QD | 20 mg/kg QD | IHC | ERBB2 Expr Log2(TPM+1) | HER2 CN | HER2 mutational status | EGFR status | RAS status
NCI-H2170 | | 89 | 3+ | 11.5 | 10.1 | Not mutated | wt | wt
Calu-3 | 41 | 64 | 3+ | 10.3 | 14.0 | Not mutated | wt | wt
LU9556 | | 96 | 3+ | 12.3 | 79.1 | Not mutated | wt | wt
LU9681 | 100 | 91 | 2+ | 9.1 | 7.2 | Not mutated | wt | wt
Key Findings and Conclusions
• In this pooled analysis, zongertinib showed encouraging antitumor activity in patients with advanced, HER2-overexpressed/amplified NSCLC, none of whom had HER2 mutations
• Further investigation of zongertinib treatment in this patient population is warranted
Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics
• As of the respective cut-off dates for Beamion LUNG-1 (May 19, 2026) and Beamion PANTUMOR-1 (Aug 20, 2026), 27 patients with previously treated HER2-overexpressed/amplified NSCLC were included in this pooled analysis
– In Beamion LUNG-1, 1 patient received zongertinib 300 mg QD†
– 26 patients in Beamion PANTUMOR-1 received zongertinib 120 mg QD
†In the abstract, 2 patients from Beamion LUNG-1 are reported; for 1 of these patients, a HER2 mutation was subsequently found in central testing analysis, therefore this patient has been excluded from the presentation
All (n=27): Male, n (%) 15 (55.6); Median age, years (range) 68.0 (31–78); Race White 19 (70.4), Asian 6 (22.2), Black 1 (3.7), Missing 1 (3.7); ECOG PS 0 / 1, n (%) 8 (29.6) / 19 (70.4); Lines of previous systemic therapy, median (range) 2 (1–6); Previous HER2-directed therapy, n (%) 1 (3.7); Previous EGFR-directed therapy, n (%) 4 (14.8)
Safety Results
• TRAEs (any grade) were reported in 19/27 patients
• 1 patient had two grade 3 TRAEs (patient from Beamion LUNG-1)
• No grade 4/5 TRAEs were reported
• 1 patient had an AE leading to dose reduction (patient from Beamion LUNG-1)
• No patients discontinued zongertinib due to AEs
• Zongertinib had a manageable safety profile, with no new safety signals identified
All | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3
Patients with any TRAE, n (%) 19 (70.4) | 9 (33.3) | 9 (33.3) | 1 (3.7)
Most common (observed in ≥2 patients) TRAEs, n (%): Diarrhea 8 (29.6) | 4 (14.8) | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0); Rash 4 (14.8) | 3 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.7); Anemia 3 (11.1) | 1 (3.7) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0); Fatigue 3 (11.1) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0); ALT increased 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0); Amylase increased 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0); AST increased 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0); Asthenia 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0); Decreased appetite 2 (7.4) | 1 (3.7) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0); Dysgeusia 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0); Ejection fraction decreased 2 (7.4) | 1 (3.7) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0); Proteinuria 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0); Stomatitis 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0)
Efficacy in Patients with HER2-Overexpressed/Amplified NSCLC
A. Treatment duration and tumor response per RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment (n=18)**
B. Best change from baseline in target lesion size per RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment (n=18)**
C. Confirmed ORR (n=19): 47.4%. 9 (47.4%) patients achieved a confirmed PR. Confirmed ORR: 47.4% (95% CI: 27.3%–68.3%)
D. Confirmed DCR (n=19): 78.9%. 6 (31.6%) patients had SD. Confirmed DCR: 78.9% (95% CI: 56.7%–91.5%)
• Among all 27 patients, the median duration of treatment was 2.8 months (range: 0–17 months)
• At data cut-off, 16/27 (59.3%) patients remained on treatment
• Of 9 responding patients: – 3 (33.3%) had a DoR ≥6 months – 5 (55.6%) remained on treatment at data cut-off
**1 of 19 patients discontinued at Day 22 due to clinical disease progression without an assessment of overall response; this patient's response was classed as not evaluable
This study was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim.
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress, Madrid, Spain, October 23–27, 2026
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Slide: MTAP loss in mesothelioma - methods: MTAP IHC clones, CDKN2A FISH and RNA sequencing · 2) Slide: MTAP staining in mesothelioma - IHC panels · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: MTAP loss and overall survival in mesothelioma by histology
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥Clinicopathological and Transcriptomic Characteristics of Mesotheliomas With MTAP Loss: From the NETMESO MESOPATH and RENAPE Networks’ Experience in 1433 Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelioma
🎙️Dr. Sylvie Lantuejoul
🔢4158RO
🎯MTAP Loss in 48% Pleural vs 16% Peritoneal Mesothelioma
🎯Most Frequent in Biphasic/Sarcomatoid (70-73%)
🎯MTAP IHC 80% Concordant With CDKN2A/B Deletion
🎯No Overall Survival Correlation
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 2]
Methods
• MTAP immunohistochemistry was initially evaluated in 43 mesothelioma cases with 2 clones : RBT-MTAP mAb (Bio SB) and mAb 1813 (Cell Signalling Technology) on Ventana Ultra Autostainer
• MTAP IHC was then performed using the RBT-MTAP mAb only for all 1.433 cases
• CDKN2A FISH analysis was carried out on 108 cases (including 67 mesotheliomas and 41 benign mesothelial lesions)
• Full-exome RNA sequencing was conducted on 600 cases collected between 2000 and 2026.
1813 clone (CST)
rBT-MTAP clone (Bio SB)
Sylvie Lantuejoul
[Slide 3]
Results : MTAP staining
MTAP expression was considered absent when no staining was observed in either the cytoplasm or the nucleus.
12% of mesotheliomas showed heterogeneous MTAP expression.
EM in situ
EM
SM
BAP1 loss
Calretinin
Cytokeratins
MTAP loss
MTAP loss (heterogeneous)
MTAP loss
[Slide 4]
Results (cont.): Is there any correlation with prognosis and OS ?
Whilst the overall effect of MTAP on prognosis is not significant (p=0.0597), there is a significant interaction between MTAP loss and histology (p=0.002217)
The purportedly poor prognosis associated with the loss of MTAP gene expression is explained by its prevalence in subtypes with a poor prognosis (i.e. BM and SM)
S-PM with retained MTAP expression had a worse overall survival (p=0,0001).
MTAP 0 / 1_2_3_4
Panels: Begnin | BM | EM | SM
Survival probability
Time
HR in multivariate analysis
Cohorte | PM (N=1232) | PeM (N=201)
Gender Males | ref | ref
Gender Females | 1.04 | 0.92
Age [0,65] | ref | ref
Age [65,100] | 1.74 | 1.44
BAP1 IHC 0 | ref | ref
BAP1 IHC 1_2_3_4 | 1.34 | 1.20
MTAP IHC 0 | ref | ref
MTAP IHC 1_2_3_4 | (blank) | 0.49
Histology EM | ref |
Histology Benign | 0.14 |
Histology BM | 1.50 |
Histology SM (MTAP loss) | 1.65 |
Histology SM (MTAP retained) | 3.24 |
Grade (WHO) Low grade | ref | ref
Grade (WHO) High grade | 1.95 | 3.43
Grade (WHO) NR | 1.39 | 1.11
HR < 1 = HR signif (p < 0.05)
HR > 1 = HR signif (p < 0.05)
Survival table
Endpoint: OS by MTAP IHC status (0 vs 1_2_3_4), faceted by histology
PM cohort | 1232
PeM cohort | 201
P: overall MTAP effect p=0.0597; MTAP x histology interaction p=0.002217; S-PM retained MTAP worse OS p=0,0001
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: THRIVE rivoceranib phase II in metastatic thymic epithelial tumours · 2) Response data: THRIVE rivoceranib - primary endpoint ORR waterfall plots by thymoma · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: THRIVE rivoceranib - PFS, OS and PFS by histology · 4) Slide: THRIVE rivoceranib - exploratory transcriptomic and Lunit SCOPE IO immune phenotype
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥THRIVE (KCSG LU23-09): Rivoceranib in Patients With Pretreated Metastatic Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Phase II Multi-Center Trial
🎙️Dr. Sehhoon Park
🔢4155RO
🎯Confirmed ORR 35.0%, DCR 85.0% (n=40); Median PFS 11.8mo (13.6-Mo Follow-Up)
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 55.0% (Hypertension 22.5%, Proteinuria 17.5%), No Grade 5 Events
☑️NCT06200233
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
[Slide 1]
Background and study design
• Metastatic thymic epithelial tumours (TETs) have no standard beyond platinum based cytotoxic chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are limited by immune-related toxicity, especially in thymoma
• Multitargeted VEGFR TKIs are active mainly in thymic carcinoma (lenvatinib ORR 38%, sunitinib 21-26%) but limited efficacy shown in thymoma (ORR 0-6%)
• Rivoceranib is a multitargeted oral TKIs but highly selective VEGFR-2 inhibitor.
700 mg once daily, the global development dose, had not been tested prospectively in TETs
Eligibility
Metastatic thymoma (A-B3) or thymic carcinoma, with prior treatment of at least ≥1 systemic therapy, N = 40
Rivoceranib
700 mg orally once daily, 28-day cycles
Dose reduction 500 → 300 → 200 mg
Tumour assessment
RECIST v1.1 (investigator) every 8 weeks in year 1, then every 12 weeks
Until progression
or unacceptable toxicity
11 KCSG sites, Korea
Primary endpoint: Objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v1.1, investigator-assessed
Secondary endpoints: DCR, PFS, DoR, safety (CTCAE v5.0), OS and WES / WTS / AI-based TME analysis (Lunit SCOPE IO) exploratory
Statistics: Simon two-stage; H0 ORR 20% vs H1 40% (1-sided α 0.05, power 80%); ≥11/33 responders required; N = 40 allowing for dropout
Sehhoon Park, MD, PhD
[Slide 2]
Result - Primary endpoint
Best response PR SD PD
THYMOMA
THYMIC CARCINOMA
35.0%
Objective response rate
85.0%
Disease control rate
11.2 mo
Median DOR
Best change from baseline (%)
Best response (n = 40): PR 14 (35.0%), SD 20 (50.0%), PD 2 (5.0%), not evaluable 4 (10.0%)
Thymoma ORR 31.2% (5/16) · DCR 93.8% , Thymic carcinoma ORR 37.5% (9/24) · DCR 79.2%
Sehhoon Park, MD, PhD
[Slide 3]
Result - Survival Analysis
Progression-free survival (N = 40)
Median 11.8 mo (95% CI 7.4-NR)
Overall survival (N = 40)
Median not reached (95% CI 12.6-NR)
Progression-free survival by histology
Thymoma Thymic carcinoma
Thymoma NR
vs Thymic carcinoma 9.2 mo
PFS HR 1.87 (95% CI 0.67-5.20)
Number at risk
Months
Median follow-up 13.6 months (cut-off April 2026)
PFS similar across treatment lines (P = 0.79) and in patients with early dose reduction (P = 0.33)
Sehhoon Park, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS (all patients); PFS by histology
All patients - PFS | 40 | 11.8 mo | 7.4-NR
All patients - OS | 40 | NR | 12.6-NR
Thymoma - PFS | 16 | NR
Thymic carcinoma - PFS | 24 | 9.2 mo
HR: 1.87
HR CI: 0.67-5.20
[Slide 4]
Result - Exploratory Analysis
Whole-transcriptome sequencing, PR (n = 6) vs SD+PD (n = 6)
Hallmark GSEA: PR vs SD+PD
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition
TNFA Signaling via NFKB
Inflammatory Response
Coagulation
Complement
KRAS Signaling Up
Angiogenesis
IL6 JAK STAT3 Signaling
IL2 STAT5 Signaling
Allograft Rejection
DNA Repair
Mitotic Spindle
MYC Targets V2
MYC Targets V1
E2F Targets
G2M Checkpoint
Normalized enrichment score (NES)
VEGFR, VEGF ligand, and EPAS1 expression by response
FLT1 (VEGFR1) KDR (VEGFR2) VEGFA VEGFB VEGFC VEGFD EPAS1 (HIF-2alpha)
Gene Expression
Lunit SCOPE IO immune phenotype
PR (n=6) SD+PD (n=6) NE (n=3)
Inflamed (n=10) Excluded (n=3) Desert (n=2)
Response group Immune phenotype
• Responders: angiogenesis, EMT and inflammatory programmes
Non-responders: proliferation (E2F, G2M, MYC)
• VEGFR1 (FLT1) and VEGFR2 (KDR) expression was higher in responders (P < 0.05)
• 5 of 6 responders had an inflamed immune phenotype vs 3 of 6 non-responders (Lunit SCOPE IO)
Sehhoon Park, MD, PhD
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Trial design schema: 132P poster: Reasoning LLMs with structured EHR data for cross-national
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #AI #LLM
🔥Reasoning LLMs With Structured EHR Data and for Scalable, Cross-National Clinical Trial Eligibility Screening
🎙️Dr. Kiyotaka Yoh
🔢132P
🎯LLM Agent on Structured EHR (353 Lung Cancer Pts, 3,530 Evaluations)
🎯92.6% Ruled Ineligible on ≥1 Criterion
🎯Rationales Clinically Valid and Traceable to Source Data
🔗 https://t.co/LINyy51HBz
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO
132P
Abstract 6946
Reasoning LLMs with structured EHR data and for scalable, cross-national clinical trial eligibility screening
K. Yoh, H. Iwai, Y. Aoyagi, K. Oda, M. Aki, M. Rioth, A. Petranovich, M. Azuma, Y. Wada, W. Farooqi, J. Hirsch, H. Izumi, Y. Zenke, H. Udagawa, T. Sakai, Y. Tanaka, Y. Murata, M. Takiguchi, K. Mizuguchi, K. Goto
BACKGROUND
- In the US and Europe, real-world data (RWD) from electronic medical records (EMR) are already integrated into feasibility assessments and rapid identification of eligible patients, accelerating clinical trial enrollment.
- In Japan, despite widespread adoption of EMR, structured data expansion and RWD-driven feasibility assessments remain limited, resulting in slower and less efficient patient identification for clinical trials.
- The aim of this study, conducted jointly by Fujitsu and Paradigm, is to develop and evaluate RWD-structuring technologies that enable feasibility assessments and rapid patient identification on a U.S. clinical trial platform.
METHODS AND COHORT DEFINITIONS
Characteristic | Accepted abstract | Expanded cohort
Patients | 353 | 3,027
EHR period | Oct 2024–Sep 2025 | Oct 2021–Sep 2025
Genetic-test record | Required | Not required
Criteria source | NCT06216301 | Physician-authored mock protocol
Prompts / criterion pairs | 10 / 3,530 | 6 / 18,162
Analysis date | 7 May 2026 | 3 Sep 2026
Single-center retrospective study at NCCE. Different periods, entry conditions and prompts preclude a direct cohort performance comparison.
Japanese EHR → English → Key/Key Value JSON. A US-developed platform hosted entirely in Japan used gpt-oss-120b with fixed prompts to return decisions, cited evidence and temporal context.
Pilot: actionable rulings for most patients on 9 of 10 criteria; histology insufficient evidence in 299 / 350 evaluations.
PLATFORM EVALUATION AND EVIDENCE
From 115,943 EHR patients to an expanded cohort of 3,027
115,943 EHR patients
22,334 Respiratory care
12,601 Lung cancer-related diagnosis
10,841 Within the data period
3,195 Treatment history
3,027 Expanded cohort
RET: CANDIDATE RETENTION AND REVIEW PRIORITY
3,027 patients evaluated
35 FIRST REVIEW · 0–1 missing
60 NEXT · 2 missing criteria
181 LATER · ≥3 missing criteria
2,751 clear exclusions
276 prioritized (9.1%)
ONE PATIENT met all six criteria
2 RET-positive retained
RET exclusion audit (n = 2,751): no incorrectly excluded candidates identified.
274 / 276 (99.3%) lacked documented RET positivity. Two RET-positive patients remained in the priority group.
RESULTS
RET: CRITERION DETAIL (n = 276) [table; cell values partially legible]
1. P3 RET fusion | 274 (99.3%) | 2 (0.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.7%)
[remaining rows illegible with certainty]
EGFR: CRITERION DETAIL (n = 133) [table; values not reliably legible]
EGFR review sequence among 540 patients: 57 | 76 | 407
EGFR: EFFICIENCY AND PHYSICIAN-GUIDED REVIEW
540 EGFR-related cases: 57 first reviews, 51 judged appropriate
540 → 57
10.6% first review · 89.4% fewer reviews
57 / 540 selected for first review
47 definitely appropriate (82.5%) | 4 probably appropriate (7.0%)
6 probably unnecessary (10.5%) | 0 definitely unnecessary (0.0%)
57 → 51
89.5% physician-rated appropriate
51 / 57 appropriate for priority review
IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS
Physician feedback enables trial-specific refinement.
Limitations
- Single center, retrospective data, six mock-protocol criteria and one physician reviewer.
- Technical portability does not establish cross-country clinical validity.
- The cohort retains 377 death records; vital status was outside the six criteria.
CONCLUSION: ACTIONABLE REVIEW PRIORITIES
RET | priority for verification: 9.1% — 276 / 3,027 prioritized for review; 35 first reviews (1.2% of 3,027)
EGFR | focused first review: 89.4% fewer initial reviews 540 → 57; 51 / 57 (89.5%) physician-rated appropriate; 1.1 reviews per appropriate candidate
Retrospective review supports two complementary uses of one platform. Trial-specific physician feedback guides refinement; any reduction below 1.1 requires validation. Final eligibility, time savings and enrollment were not evaluated.
Funding: This study is funded exclusively by Fujitsu Japan Limited and Paradigm Health, Inc.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
1) Trial design schema: LungMate-014 study schema: neoadjuvant toripalimab plus chemotherapy · 2) Biomarker data: LungMate-014 efficacy: pCR and MPR in ITT population and pCR by PD-L1 TPS · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: LungMate-014 survival analysis: event-free and overall · 4) Safety data: LungMate-014 treatment-related adverse events and surgical complications
🆙#ESMO26 Rapid Oral: #LCSM Non-Mets
🔥LungMate-014: Neoadjuvant Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy With or Without Tifcemalimab (Anti-BTLA Antibody) in Potentially Resectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Phase II Trial
🎙️Dr. Peng Zhang
🔢2574RO
🎯pCR 32.2% vs 25.4% (n=118); 24-Mo EFS 71.1% vs 66.0%, 24-Mo OS 83.0% vs 76.1%
🎯Greater Benefit in Non-Squamous and PD-L1 TPS<1%
☑️NCT05891080
🔗 https://t.co/a1n3LKVbtq
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
2643P
Updated Efficacy and Safety of Taletrectinib in Patients With Advanced ROS1+ NSCLC After Prior Entrectinib Exposure: Results From the Global TRUST-II Study
Maurice Pérol, Sara Cresta, Yuki Shinno, Pascale Tomasini, Lyudmila Bazhenova, Ernest Nadal, Wei Wang, Xianyu Zhang, Huan Huang, Santiago Viteri, Geoffrey Liu
Background
• Taletrectinib is a next-generation, CNS-active, selective ROS1 TKI approved in the United States, Japan, and China for patients with locally advanced or metastatic ROS1+ NSCLC
• In the global Phase 2 TRUST-II (NCT04919811) study, taletrectinib demonstrated robust overall and IC efficacy, and a manageable safety profile, in both TKI-naïve and TKI-pretreated patients with ROS1+ NSCLC
• Here we report updated efficacy and safety data from the TRUST-II study in patients previously treated with entrectinib, another CNS-active TKI
Methods
• TRUST-II (NCT04919811) is a global, multicenter, pivotal, Phase 2 study of taletrectinib in patients with ROS1+ NSCLC, including both TKI-naïve and TKI-pretreated patients
TRUST-II Study Design
Key eligibility criteria • Locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with ROS1 fusion • Age ≥18 years • ECOG PS 0–1
Cohort 1 TKI-naïve; Cohort 2 TKI-pretreated -> Taletrectinib 600 mg QD
Endpoints: Primary • IRC-assessed cORR per RECIST v1.1; Secondary • DOR • IC-ORR • TTR • PFS • OS • Safety
• Patients in Cohort 2 received prior treatment with crizotinib or entrectinib; patients may also have received prior chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy
• Here, we report updated efficacy and safety in the 10 patients from Cohort 2 with ≥1 measurable baseline lesion per RECIST v1.1 by IRC, who experienced disease progression on entrectinib and subsequently received taletrectinib 600 mg QD
Results: Baseline Characteristics
Patient Demographics and Baseline Characteristics (Entrectinib-Pretreated n=10 | All TKI-Pretreated N=50)
Median age, years (range) 54.0 (27–79) | 55.5 (27–79)
Female, n (%) 5 (50) | 27 (54)
Never smoker, n (%) 6 (60) | 30 (60)
Region: Asia / non-Asia, n (%) 3 (30) / 7 (70) | 22 (44) / 28 (56)
Stage IV disease, n (%) 10 (100) | 49 (98)
ECOG PS 1, n (%) 8 (80) | 26 (52)
Prior chemotherapy, n (%) 4 (40) | 19 (38)
Brain metastases at baseline, n (%) 7 (70) | 28 (56); Measurable 4 (40) | 16 (32); Non-measurable 3 (30) | 12 (24)
Median time on prior entrectinib, months (range) 15.5 (6.3–84.1) | NA
BOR on prior entrectinib, n (%): CR 2 (20) | NA; PR 8 (80) | NA
• Among entrectinib-pretreated patients, entrectinib was the most recent anticancer therapy prior to taletrectinib, with all patients having experienced disease progression on entrectinib
• Seven patients had baseline brain metastases (measurable and non-measurable) per mRECIST v1.1 and four patients had received prior chemotherapy
Results: Efficacy
Taletrectinib Demonstrated Robust and Durable Efficacy in Entrectinib-Pretreated Patients
Efficacy (Entrectinib-Pretreated n=10)
Median follow-up, months (range) 27.1 (18.7–35.9)
cORR, % (95% CI) 80.0 (44.4–97.5)
Median DOR, months (95% CI) 10.7 (2.6–18.2)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 9.8 (1.6–19.6)
Taletrectinib Treatment Beyond PD: Patients treated beyond PD, n (%) 6 (60.0); Median duration of treatment beyond PD, months (range) 6.8 (2.3–18.1); ≥3 months 4 (66.7); ≥6 months 3 (50.0); ≥9 months 3 (50.0)
Data cutoff: August 31, 2025.
• Among the seven entrectinib-pretreated patients with baseline brain metastases (measurable and non-measurable), IC-ORR was 57.1% (95% CI, 18.4–90.1) and median IC-PFS was 13.7 months (95% CI, 4.3–NR)
• Six entrectinib-pretreated patients continued taletrectinib treatment after investigator-assessed PD for a median of 6.8 months (range, 2.3–18.1)
Results: Safety
• The median duration of taletrectinib exposure in patients who received prior entrectinib treatment was 11.7 months (range, 4.2–31.9), with half of the patients receiving taletrectinib for at least 12 months
• AEs of interest commonly associated with entrectinib, such as weight gain, visual disorders, or congestive heart failure, were not observed with taletrectinib in the population reported here
• Despite a small sample size, the overall safety profile of taletrectinib in entrectinib-pretreated patients was consistent with that observed in the full TKI-pretreated cohort
Most Frequent TEAEs Occurring in ≥20% of Entrectinib-Pretreated Patients (Entrectinib-Pretreated n=10 | All TKI-Pretreated N=50)
Diarrhea 8 (80) | 31 (62); Increased AST 7 (70) | 39 (78); Increased ALT 7 (70) | 36 (72); Vomiting 4 (40) | 16 (32); Nausea 3 (30) | 19 (38); Decreased appetite 3 (30) | 6 (12); Lymphopenia 3 (30) | 3 (6); Anemia 2 (20) | 11 (22); Constipation 2 (20) | 8 (16); Dizziness 2 (20) | 6 (12); Headache 2 (20) | 6 (12); Dyspnea 2 (20) | 5 (10); Pyrexia 2 (20) | 5 (10)
Conclusions
• With longer follow-up, taletrectinib continued to demonstrate high overall and IC response rates in patients with ROS1+ NSCLC who were previously treated with entrectinib, another CNS-active ROS1 TKI
– Confirmed ORR was 80% with a median DOR and median PFS of approximately 11 months and 10 months, respectively
– Among entrectinib-pretreated patients, 60% continued treatment with taletrectinib beyond first PD, with half of those continuing for ≥9 months
– Among patients with baseline brain metastases, median IC-PFS was approximately 14 months
• Among patients previously treated with entrectinib, the safety profile of taletrectinib was consistent with that observed in the full TKI-pretreated cohort
• These data support the use of taletrectinib as a subsequent treatment option for patients with ROS1+ NSCLC after prior entrectinib treatment and suggest sustained clinical benefit and tolerability of taletrectinib treatment beyond radiographic disease progression
This study was sponsored by Nuvation Bio Inc.
Presented at the European Society of Medical Oncology Congress | October 23–27, 2026 | Madrid, Spain
Elvina Almuradova@Dr_ElvinaA
1) Trial design schema: FLAURA2 study design · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2: PFS improved with osi + plat-pem vs osi mono · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2: PFS improved with osi + plat-pem in patients
#FLAURA2: Early ctDNA clearance didn’t identify who could forgo chemotherapy—PFS favored osimertinib + chemo regardless of week 1–2 clearance. Similar clearance rates, different outcomes. Exploratory, but clinically relevant! #ESMO26 @Larvol @myESMO @OncoAlert https://t.co/MlSpcc5Xxu
[Slide 1]
FLAURA2 study design¹
Scan QR code to view slides and supplementary material [QR code]
Patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC (N=557)
Key inclusion criteria:
• Aged ≥18 years (Japan: ≥20 years)
• Pathologically confirmed non-squamous NSCLC
• Ex19del / L858R (local / central test)
• WHO PS 0 / 1
• No prior systemic therapy for advanced NSCLC
• Stable CNS metastases were allowed
• Brain scan at baseline (MRI / CT; mandatory)
R 1:1*
Osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m² + carboplatin AUC5 or cisplatin 75 mg/m² (Q3W for 4 cycles of plat-based Tx)
→ Maintenance osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m² (Q3W)†
Osi 80 mg (QD)‡
• Primary endpoint: PFS (by investigator) per RECIST 1.1
• Key secondary endpoint: OS
• Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS) and 12 June 2025 (OS)
Exploratory endpoint: Correlation of plasma EGFRm clearance at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 with PFS and OS to understand if monitoring ctDNA dynamics at earlier timepoints can be used to predict outcomes
Plasma sample collection: Baseline, Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 6
Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 plasma samples§ from both treatment arms analysed by ddPCR (Biodesix)
[Footnotes small/partly illegible:] FLAURA2 (NCT04035486) is a global, open-label, Phase III study. [illegible] 1. Planchard D, et al. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1935–1948. [remaining footnote text illegible]
David Planchard, MD, PhD
[Slide 2]
PFS improved with osi + plat–pem versus osi mono irrespective of Week 1 and 2 plasma EGFRm clearance status
Panels: Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 | No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 | Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2 | No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 2
Y axis: Probability of PFS; X axis: Time from randomisation (months)
Table (Week 1): Clearance No clearance
mPFS (95% CI), months
Osi + plat-pem NR (10.3, NR) 24.8 (16.8, 30.6)
Osi mono 16.6 (13.6, 21.0) 13.6 (11.1, 16.4)
HR (95% CI) 0.58 (0.33, 1.02) 0.53 (0.35, 0.80)
Table (Week 2): Clearance No clearance
mPFS (95% CI), months
Osi + plat-pem 27.0 (19.7, NR) 22.1 (11.8, 30.0)
Osi mono 13.9 (13.8, 19.4) 13.8 (5.9, 16.8)
HR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.35, 0.81) 0.57 (0.24, 0.98)
No. at risk (Week 1 clearance), months 0/6/12/18/24/30/36:
row 1: 39 32 26 21 13 4 0
row 2: 65 49 37 22 14 7 0
No. at risk (Week 1 no clearance):
row 1: [illegible, ~83] 66 49 38 15 8 0
row 2: 76 57 42 22 11 4 0
No. at risk (Week 2 clearance):
row 1: 72 63 55 42 21 0 0
row 2: 85 74 53 31 19 8 0
No. at risk (Week 2 no clearance):
row 1: 43 35 27 22 10 6 0
row 2: 48 30 39 14 7 4 0
Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS).
[Footnotes small, partly illegible: HRs calculated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. Clearance was defined as undetectable plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline. Abbreviations.]
David Planchard, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 1 and Week 2 (osi + plat-pem vs osi mono)
Week 1 clearance - Osi + plat-pem | NR | 10.3, NR
Week 1 clearance - Osi mono | 16.6 | 13.6, 21.0
Week 1 no clearance - Osi + plat-pem | 24.8 | 16.8, 30.6
Week 1 no clearance - Osi mono | 13.6 | 11.1, 16.4
Week 2 clearance - Osi + plat-pem | 27.0 | 19.7, NR
Week 2 clearance - Osi mono | 13.9 | 13.8, 19.4
Week 2 no clearance - Osi + plat-pem | 22.1 | 11.8, 30.0
Week 2 no clearance - Osi mono | 13.8 | 5.9, 16.8
HR: Week 1 clearance 0.58; Week 1 no clearance 0.53; Week 2 clearance 0.63; Week 2 no clearance 0.57
HR CI: 0.33, 1.02; 0.35, 0.80; 0.35, 0.81 (low confidence); 0.24, 0.98 (low confidence)
[Slide 3]
PFS improved with osi + plat–pem in patients with baseline-detected plasma EGFRm versus osi mono¹
• Baseline-detected plasma EGFRm was prognostic and may select for a higher degree of clinical benefit with osi + plat–pem versus osi mono
PFS in patients with baseline-detected plasma EGFRm
mPFS (95% CI), months
Osi + plat-pem (n=147) 24.8 (19.8, 27.9)
Osi mono (n=161) 13.9 (13.6, 16.6)
HR (95% CI) 0.60 (0.45, 0.80)
No. at risk (0/6/12/18/24/30/36 months):
147 122 101 78 38 15 0
161 128 98 56 31 13 0
PFS in patients with baseline non-detected plasma EGFRm
mPFS (95% CI), months
Osi + plat-pem (n=65) 33.3 (23.8, NC)
Osi mono (n=48) 30.3 (25.0, NC)
HR (95% CI) 0.93 (0.51, 1.72)
No. at risk:
65 60 56 44 25 5 0
48 41 34 30 21 7 0
Y axis: Probability of PFS; X axis: Time from randomisation (months)
HR was calculated by an unstratified log-rank test.
1. Jänne PA, et al. Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Supplement): CT017 / AACR Clinical Trials Plenary Session. [partly illegible]
[Abbreviation footnote, partly illegible]
David Planchard, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS by baseline plasma EGFRm detection (osi + plat-pem vs osi mono)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Baseline-detected plasma EGFRm - Osi + plat-pem | 147 | 24.8 | 19.8, 27.9
Baseline-detected plasma EGFRm - Osi mono | 161 | 13.9 | 13.6, 16.6
Baseline non-detected plasma EGFRm - Osi + plat-pem | 65 | 33.3 | 23.8, NC
Baseline non-detected plasma EGFRm - Osi mono | 48 | 30.3 | 25.0, NC
HR: Baseline-detected 0.60; baseline non-detected 0.93
HR CI: 0.45, 0.80; 0.51, 1.72
Prof Tom John@TommyJohn00
1) Biomarker data: LBA94 vs 4236O: ultrasensitive ctDNA MRD assays (ppmSeq vs Precise MRD) · 2) Biomarker data: Has ultrasensitivity closed the gap? Post-op landmark sensitivity of ctDNA MRD · 3) Biomarker data: What does ultrasensitivity buy clinically? Per-100-patient model and DYNAMIC-III
Excellent discussion from friend and Peter Mac colleague@JeanneTie
#ESMO26 https://t.co/1jCZGYLcA7
2642P
Osimertinib rechallenge after interstitial lung disease during osimertinib treatment in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective chart review study
Ryosuke Tsugitomi, Hisayuki Osoreda, Kyoichi Okishio, Seigo Katakura, Jin-Yuan Shih, Ji-Youn Han, Takehito Shukuya, Young-Chul Kim, Masahiro Seike, Makiko Yomota, Cheng-Yu Chang, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keith L. Davis, Abby Greenblatt, YongJin Kim, Feruza Nasirova, Melinda C. Power, Terufumi Kato
Objective
• To report the retrospectively collected safety and outcomes of patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC who experienced ILD during 1L osimertinib treatment, comparing those who were subsequently rechallenged with osimertinib in the 1L setting with those who were not rechallenged
Conclusions
• In our study, approximately one quarter (33 / 118) of patients with NSCLC who had ILD during 1L osimertinib treatment were rechallenged with osimertinib in the 1L setting
• Patients who were selected by their clinicians for rechallenge were younger and had less severe ILD than those not rechallenged
• Compared with those who were not rechallenged, those who were rechallenged had:
– Longer rwPFS, both overall, and after restriction to those with less severe ILD (grade 1 / 2) and better ECOG PS (0 / 1) to account for differences in ILD severity across the groups
– Early evidence of a trend towards rwOS benefit in the overall sample only; longer follow-up and greater patient numbers may be required to generate a clearer understanding of the impact of rechallenge on rwOS
– A higher prevalence of ILD recurrence (11 / 33); more than half were grade 1 or 2
• Considering the benefits and risks, rechallenge with osimertinib may be a potential treatment option after ILD during osimertinib treatment in the 1L setting for selected patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC
Introduction
• Osimertinib, a 3rd-generation, oral EGFR-TKI, has demonstrated efficacy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC, including in CNS metastases
• Treatment with EGFR-TKIs, including osimertinib, may lead to drug-induced ILD, a rare and potentially serious complication
– In the FLAURA study, the incidence of ILD was 4% in the osimertinib arm and 2% in the standard EGFR-TKI arm
– Prevalence of ILD during EGFR-TKI treatment in Asian countries is higher than in global studies and highest in Japan
• Permanent discontinuation of osimertinib is recommended when ILD / pneumonitis is diagnosed during osimertinib treatment
• However, emerging evidence suggests rechallenge with osimertinib may be feasible in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC who have experienced ILD during osimertinib treatment
• In this retrospective study, we describe safety and outcomes in patients with ILD during 1L osimertinib with and without rechallenge
Methods
• This was a multicentre, retrospective chart review study conducted in 12 oncology centres based in Japan, the Republic of Korea and Taiwan (Figure 1)
• Patient data were retrospectively collected from registries and medical record systems
• Descriptive statistics were reported
• Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted on baseline factors that varied between patients who were rechallenged and not rechallenged to identify factors associated with rechallenge
• Median rwPFS and rwOS were estimated with Kaplan-Meier methods in the overall sample. We conducted parallel analyses in a sample restricted to those patients with ECOG PS 0 / 1 and ILD grade 1 / 2 given demonstrated differences in outcomes by performance status and observed differences in rechallenge status by severity of patient ILD, allowing consideration in more comparable groups
• We summarised real-world prevalence of rechallenge with osimertinib after ILD during 1L treatment, as well as reporting patient characteristics and outcomes of patients who were and were not rechallenged
Figure 1. Study design
Eligible patients: • ≥18 years (Japan: ≥20 years) • Stage IIIB / C or IV EGFR-mutated (Ex19del / L858R) NSCLC confirmed diagnosis • Initiated 1L osimertinib in January 2018–December 2023 • Radiologically or clinically verified diagnosis of ILD after 1L osimertinib initiation, leading to interruption or discontinuation of osimertinib
PRIMARY ENDPOINT • Percentage of patients rechallenged with osimertinib
SECONDARY ENDPOINTS • Patient & ILD characteristics by: – Rechallenge status – ILD recurrence status after rechallenge • Subsequent treatments by rechallenge status
EXPLORATORY ENDPOINTS • rwPFS & rwOS by rechallenge status • Factors associated with rechallenge
*Or death, or end of the study period (30 June 2025 for Japan / Republic of Korea or 15 February 2026 for Taiwan), whichever is earliest.
Results and interpretation
Patients
• A total of 118 patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC who had 1L osimertinib interrupted or discontinued due to ILD were included
• All patients received osimertinib monotherapy, with 98% of patients receiving 1L osimertinib 80 mg QD
• Patients had a median (range) age of 75 (47–93) years at advanced NSCLC diagnosis, 36% were male and 43% were current or former smokers
• Median (IQR) time to onset of ILD during 1L osimertinib treatment was 2.1 (1.0–4.3) months
• Osimertinib was stopped immediately on ILD diagnosis for most patients
Prevalence of rechallenge
• A total of 33 / 118 patients (28%) were rechallenged with osimertinib after 1L osimertinib was interrupted / discontinued due to ILD
– Rechallenge took place at a median (IQR) of 0.9 (0.6–1.2) months after discontinuation / interruption of 1L osimertinib therapy
– Likelihood of rechallenge varied by centre; rechallenge rates varied between 12–43% among centres who contributed >5 patients
Characteristics by rechallenge status
• Patients who were rechallenged versus those who were not rechallenged were more likely to be younger (median 70 vs 77 years), male (45% vs 32%) and current or former smokers (45% vs 42%)
• ECOG PS was similar; both groups had 82% of patients with ECOG PS of 0 or 1 at 1L osimertinib initiation
• Time to onset of ILD during 1L osimertinib treatment was similar across those who were and were not rechallenged: median (IQR) of 2.0 (0.9, 4.1) vs 2.2 (1.2, 4.3) months, respectively
• Patients who were rechallenged had less severe ILD than those who were not rechallenged (Figure 2)
• Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that patients who were older, had more severe ILD and had ILD that had been treated were less likely to be rechallenged after ILD (Figure 3)
Figure 2. ILD severity by rechallenge status (All patients N=118; Rechallenged n=33; Not rechallenged n=85)
Grade 1: 26% | 58% | 14%; Grade 2: 31% | 15% | 36%; Grade 3: 27% | 18% | 31%; Unknown: 11% | 9% | 12%
Figure 3. Factors associated with rechallenge (Adjusted OR (95% CI))
ILD recurrence
• ILD recurrence after ILD resolution was more common in patients who were rechallenged vs those who were not (34% vs 10%; Figure 4)
Figure 4. ILD recurrence
ILD recurrence among ILD resolved, rechallenged: No recurrence 66% n=22; Recurrence 34% n=11. In patients with ILD recurrence, 6 / 11 (55%) had grade 1 or 2 ILD. Grade 1-5, U: 3 3 4 0 0 1
ILD recurrence among ILD resolved, not rechallenged: No recurrence 90% n=56; Recurrence 10% n=6. In patients with ILD recurrence, 3 / 6 (50%) had grade 1 or 2 ILD. Grade 1-5, U: 2 1 1 0 1* 1
*Grade 5 ILD recurrence occurred >3 years after osimertinib was discontinued and ~2.5 years after initiating 2L 1st- / 2nd-generation EGFR-TKI therapy.
• Patient characteristics were broadly similar among patients with and without ILD recurrence during rechallenge: median age 71 vs 69 years, 45% vs 45% male, 36% vs 50% current / former smokers
• However, the original ILD event was often more severe in those with recurrence than those without recurrence during rechallenge (grade 1 / 2 / 3 / unknown: 45 / 9 / 36 / 9% vs 64 / 18 / 9 / 9%)
Efficacy outcomes by rechallenge status
• Median rwPFS was longer for rechallenged patients than for those who were not rechallenged in the overall sample (Figure 5), and after restricting the sample to patients with ECOG PS 0 / 1 and ILD grade 1 / 2 (Figure 6) to account for the difference in ILD severity across the groups
• Rechallenged patients had numerically longer median rwOS, compared with those who were not rechallenged in the overall sample (Figure 7). This pattern did not persist after restricting to patients with ECOG PS 0 / 1 and ILD grade 1 / 2 (Figure 8). Wide overlapping CIs warrant further investigation with larger patient numbers and longer follow-up time for strong conclusions to be drawn
Figure 5. rwPFS (overall sample): Patients not rechallenged (n=85) events 69 (81), median rwPFS 4.4 (3.6, 6.1) months; Rechallenged patients (n=33) events 26 (79), median 19.0 (8.9, 26.4)
Figure 6. rwPFS (restricted sample: patients with ECOG PS 0 / 1, ILD grade 1 / 2): Not rechallenged (n=38) events 34 (89), median 5.6 (4.0, 7.6); Rechallenged (n=22) events 19 (86), median 16.6 (8.9, 27.4)
Figure 7. rwOS (overall sample): Not rechallenged (n=85) events 58 (68), median rwOS 25.5 (19.3, 32.6); Rechallenged (n=33) events 19 (58), median 32.4 (26.7, 41.3)
Figure 8. rwOS (restricted sample: patients with ECOG PS 0 / 1, ILD grade 1 / 2): Not rechallenged (n=38) events 22 (58), median 39.6 (21.1, 49.2); Rechallenged (n=22) events 13 (59), median 32.4 (26.7, 51.9)
Subsequent treatment patterns
• 1st- / 2nd-generation EGFR-TKIs and platinum-based CT were the most common first subsequent therapy for both rechallenged and not rechallenged patients
• In rechallenged patients, IO was the most common second subsequent therapy, followed by 1st- / 2nd-generation EGFR-TKIs and non-platinum-based CT
• In those who were not rechallenged, IO use was uncommon, with patients receiving either 1st- / 2nd-generation EGFR-TKIs or CT as second subsequent therapy
Limitations: Given the observational nature of the study, rechallenge decisions were at the discretion of treating physicians; therefore, differences between groups should not be interpreted as causal
Acknowledgements: This study was funded by AstraZeneca.
Poster presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress; Madrid, Spain; 23–27 October 2026
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Updated Overall Survival Results From the Phase 1 Dose Escalation and Expansion Study of Alveltamig (ZG006), a Trispecific T Cell Engager Targeting DLL3/DLL3/CD3, as Monotherapy in Patients With Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer or Neuroendocrine Carcinoma With Longer Follow Up
🎙️Dr. Qiming Wang
🔢3826P
🎯12-Mo OS Rate 67.6%, 18-Mo OS Rate 53.6% (n=34 SCLC Failing ≥2 Prior Lines)
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 52.9%, No New Safety Signals
☑️NCT05978284
🔗 https://t.co/gTYLlZjv8a
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
Long Term Follow-up of a Phase 1 Dose Escalation and Expansion Study of Alveltamig (ZG006), a Trispecific T Cell Engager Targeting DLL3/DLL3/CD3, as Monotherapy in Patients with Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) or Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (NEC)
Qiming Wang, Jianhua Shi, Xiaoli Chai, Li Zheng, Lihua Wu, Haibo Mou, Rongbo Lin, Xiujuan Qu, Linlin Liu, Qi Xu, Dan Cao, Yu Yao, Hanli Shui, Hewen Yin, Liqing Wu, Jason Wu, Binhua Lyu, Andrew X Zhu
Background
Alveltamig (ZG006) is a uniquely designed T cell engager, targeting CD3 and delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) with two distinct DLL3 epitopes. ZG006 bridges tumor cells and T cells together by strongly binding to DLL3 on tumor cells and CD3 on T cells, thereby mediating T cell-specific killing of DLL3-expressing tumor cells such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC).
Methods
This is a multi-center, open-label, phase 1 dose escalation and expansion study of ZG006 as monotherapy in patients with SCLC or NEC who failed or were intolerant to the standard therapies (NCT05978284). An accelerated titration plus 3+3 dose-escalation design was employed in this trial.
Patients received ZG006 intravenously with escalated doses from 0.1 to 100 mg, once every 2 weeks, and dose expansion is conducted in the 10 mg, 30 mg and 60 mg dose cohorts. A step-up dose of 1 mg was given at 10 mg and above.
Results
The dose-escalation phase has been completed as planned. Here we report the long term follow-up results for the three effective Q2W cohorts of 10, 30, and 60 mg, as of June 2026. A total of 39 patients (34 were SCLC patients) were enrolled, with 5, 19 and 15 participants in the 10 mg, 30 mg and 60 mg cohorts, respectively, with a median follow-up time of approximately 20 months. Baseline characteristics for all three groups are summarized in Table 1.
All subjects (100%) in the three cohorts experienced adverse reactions. Grade ≥3 events were reported in 40.0%, 57.9%, and 53.3% of subjects, respectively. The incidence of CRS was 80.0%, 73.7%, and 73.3%, respectively, across the three cohorts, and events were predominantly Grade 1–2, with only one subject in the 10 mg group experienced Grade 3 CRS. Detailed adverse reaction profiles are provided in Table 2.
Among patients with SCLC, the confirmed ORR was 75.0% in the 10 mg Q2W cohort, 61.1% in the 30 mg Q2W cohort, and 91.7% in the 60 mg Q2W cohort; the DCR was 75.0%, 72.2%, and 91.7%, respectively. The mPFS was 12.3 months, 5.4 months, and 11.2 months, respectively. The mOS was 19.4 months and 15.6 months in the 10 mg and 30 mg Q2W cohorts, respectively, and was not reached in the 60 mg Q2W cohort. The 12- and 18-month OS rates were 100.0%/50.0%, 55.6%/48.6%, and 75.0%/66.7%, respectively.
Additionally, ZG006 demonstrated promising antitumor activity in patients with baseline high, medium, and low levels of DLL3 expression. Detailed efficacy results are presented in Table 3 and Figure 1.
Table 1. Baseline Characteristics (10mg Q2W (N=5) | 30mg Q2W (N=19) | 60mg Q2W (N=15))
Median Age 56.0 | 59.0 | 59.0
Gender Male 5 (100.0) | 13 (68.4) | 11 (73.3); Female 0 | 6 (31.6) | 4 (26.7)
ECOG 0: 0 | 2 (10.5) | 3 (20.0); 1: 5 (100.0) | 17 (89.5) | 12 (80.0)
Cancer Type SCLC 4 (80.0) | 18 (94.7) | 12 (80.0); NEC 1 (20.0) | 1 (5.3) | 3 (20.0)
Metastasis Yes 5 (100.0) | 19 (100.0) | 15 (100.0)
Prior Lines of Therapy 1: 1 (20.0) | 1 (5.3) | 3 (20.0); 2: 4 (80.0) | 8 (42.1) | 5 (33.3); 3: 0 | 9 (47.4) | 7 (46.7); ≥4: 0 | 1 (5.3) | 0
Prior PD-(L)1 Therapy Yes 3 (60.0) | 15 (78.9) | 13 (86.7); No 2 (40.0) | 4 (21.1) | 2 (13.3)
Table 2. Common Treatment-Related AEs for All Grades (10mg Q2W (N=5) | 30mg Q2W (N=19) | 60mg Q2W (N=15))
TRAE 5 (100.0) | 19 (100.0) | 15 (100.0)
Anaemia 3 (60.0) | 16 (84.2) | 9 (60.0)
Cytokine release syndrome 4 (80.0) | 14 (73.7) | 11 (73.3)
White blood cell count decreased 4 (80.0) | 10 (52.6) | 12 (80.0)
Pyrexia 4 (80.0) | 7 (36.8) | 9 (60.0)
Decreased appetite 1 (20.0) | 13 (68.4) | 8 (53.3)
Asthenia 3 (60.0) | 10 (52.6) | 10 (66.7)
Pruritus 1 (20.0) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (60.0)
Hyponatraemia 0 | 13 (68.4) | 10 (66.7)
Hypoalbuminaemia 2 (40.0) | 10 (52.6) | 10 (66.7)
Constipation 2 (40.0) | 12 (63.2) | 7 (46.7)
Neutrophil count decreased 2 (40.0) | 8 (42.1) | 9 (60.0)
Alanine aminotransferase increased 3 (60.0) | 8 (42.1) | 3 (20.0)
Hypokalaemia 1 (20.0) | 4 (21.1) | 7 (46.7)
Nausea 2 (40.0) | 5 (26.3) | 6 (40.0)
Weight decreased 3 (60.0) | 4 (21.1) | 4 (26.7)
Table 3. Efficacy in SCLC (Confirmed Response: 10mg Q2W (N=4) | 30mg Q2W (N=18) | 60mg Q2W (N=12) | Total (N=34))
ORR, n (%) 3 (75.0) | 11 (61.1) | 11 (91.7) | 25 (73.5); 95% CI (19.4, 99.4) | (35.8, 82.7) | (61.5, 99.8) | (55.6, 87.1)
DCR, n (%) 3 (75.0) | 13 (72.2) | 11 (91.7) | 27 (79.4); 95% CI (19.4, 99.4) | (46.5, 90.3) | (61.5, 99.8) | (62.1, 91.3)
mPFS (Months) 12.3 | 5.4 | 11.2 | 9.6; 95% CI (1.4, NE) | (1.6, 11.3) | (4.0, NE) | (4.2, 13.7)
mOS (Months) 19.4 | 15.6 | NR | 23.3; 95% CI (12.4, NE) | (6.3, NE) | (7.4, NE) | (11.5, NE)
12-month DoR rate (95% CI) 66.7 (5.4, 94.5) | 33.8 (8.0, 62.7) | 50.0 (18.4, 75.3) | 44.4 (23.1, 63.7)
12-month OS rate (95% CI) 100.0 (100.0, 100.0) | 55.6 (30.5, 74.8) | 75.0 (40.8, 91.2) | 67.6 (49.2, 80.6)
18-month OS rate (95% CI) 50.0 (5.8, 84.5) | 48.6 (24.1, 69.3) | 66.7 (33.7, 86.0) | 55.3 (37.0, 70.2)
Figure 1. Best Percentage Changes in Target Lesion Size by Dose Levels in SCLC (DLL3: N:Negative; L:Low expression; M:Middle expression; H:High expression; /:Unknown)
Conclusions
Based on the updated data from the three effective Q2W dose levels (10 mg, 30 mg, and 60 mg), Alveltamig continues to demonstrate excellent antitumor activity in patients with SCLC who have failed existing standard therapies. With longer-term follow-up, Alveltamig further confirms its pronounced and durable efficacy. Although OS data remain immature, the benefit observed to date is encouraging. The mOS was 19.4 months in the 10 mg cohort, with a pooled mOS of 23.3 months, highlighting the durable survival benefit of Alveltamig.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Biomarker data: Poster 2627P - enozertinib (ORIC-114) in treatment-naive advanced NSCLC with EGFR
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Enozertinib (ORIC-114), a Brain Penetrant, Highly Selective EGFR Inhibitor, in Treatment-Naive Metastatic NSCLC With EGFR Atypical Mutations
🎙️Dr. Myung-Ju Ahn
🔢2627P
🎯Confirmed ORR 80% (16/20)
🎯Intracranial ORR 67% (6/9, 2 CRs)
🎯≥90% ctDNA Reduction After 1 Cycle in All Evaluable Pts
🎯87% Remain on Treatment at 5.7 Mo
🎯No TRAE Discontinuations
☑️NCT05315700
🔗 https://t.co/5v3IIw9uXB
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
2627P
Enozertinib (ORIC-114), a Brain-Penetrant, Highly Selective EGFR Inhibitor, in Treatment-Naïve Advanced NSCLC with EGFR Atypical Mutations
Myung-Ju Ahn, Min Hee Hong, Cheen Leng Lee, Enriqueta Felip Font, Pei Jye Voon, Omar Saavedra, Valentina Boni, Sonam Puri, Thomas John, Adnan Khattak, Byoung-Yong Shim, Anneleen Daemen, Art Weber, Karen Velastegui, Jian Wang, Edna Chow Maneval, Pratik S. Multani, Jiunn-Liang Tan
BACKGROUND
• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations occur in approximately 10%–15% of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Western populations and up to 50% in Asian populations
– Atypical and exon 20 insertion mutations in EGFR comprise 10%–30% of EGFR mutations in NSCLC and are molecularly heterogeneous
• Approximately 35% of patients with metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC present with de novo central nervous system (CNS) metastases, and approximately 50% develop CNS metastases during their disease course
• Enozertinib is an oral, highly brain-penetrant, selective, irreversible inhibitor designed for potent activity against EGFR atypical and exon 20 insertion mutations being evaluated in an ongoing, first-in-human, open-label, multi-center Phase 1b study (NCT05315700)
METHODS
• A total of 26 patients treated with enozertinib 80 mg orally once daily are presented here with data cutoff date of September 4, 2026 (Figure 1, Table 1)
Figure 1. Summary of Key Eligibility Criteria and Endpoints
Key Eligibility Criteria: • Treatment-naive, locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR atypical mutations • PACC or classical-like • Singleton or compound mutations • Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1 • ECOG PS 0 or 1 • Treated, or untreated and asymptomatic CNS metastases permitted
Key Endpoints: • Antitumor activity per RECIST 1.1 – ORR / DOR / PFS • Intracranial response per modified RECIST 1.1 (INV) and RANO-BM (BICR) • ctDNA molecular response • Safety
BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS
• Seventeen of 26 patients (65%) had brain metastases at baseline, including 12 patients (46%) with untreated brain metastases (Table 1)
Table 1. Baseline Characteristics | Patients (N=26)
Age, years, median (range) | 66 (26–79)
Female, n (%) | 10 (38)
Asian / White / Other, n (%) | 20 (77) / 6 (23) / 0
Never smoker, n (%) | 9 (35)
ECOG PS 0 / 1, n (%) | 7 (27) / 19 (73)
Brain metastases at baseline, n (%) | 17 (65)
Previously untreated brain metastases | 12 (46)
Atypical mutation type, n (%): PACC 23 (88); L861Q 3 (12)
Compound mutations, n (%) | 18 (69)
SAFETY
• Enozertinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile, consistent with known toxicities associated with wild-type EGFR inhibition (Table 2, Table 3)
Table 2. Summary of Treatment-Related Adverse Events in All Patients | N=26
Grade 3 | 6 (23)
Serious adverse events | 1 (4)
Dose interruptions | 9 (35)
Dose reductions | 10 (39)
Treatment discontinuations | 0
Data cutoff: September 4, 2026
• TRAEs predominantly Grades 1-2
• All Grade 3 TRAEs resolved with dose modifications
• No Grade 4 or Grade 5 TRAEs
• No significant off-target toxicities (e.g., cardiac, hematologic, hepatic)
• No discontinuations due to TRAEs
Table 3. Treatment-Related Adverse Events (TRAEs) Occurring in ≥20% of Patients | Grade 1–2 | Grade 3
Diarrhea | 15 (58) | 2 (8)
Paronychia | 15 (58) | 1 (4)
Dermatitis acneiform | 12 (46) | 2 (8)
Rash | 14 (54) | 0
Stomatitis | 12 (46) | 0
Pruritus | 7 (27) | 0
Decreased appetite | 6 (23) | 0
Dry skin | 6 (23) | 0
Nausea | 6 (23) | 0
SYSTEMIC EFFICACY
Table 4. Investigator and BICR-Assessed Response Rates | Response-Evaluable (n=25)
Investigator-assessed: Best ORR, % (95% CI) 88 (69, 98); Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 84 (63, 96); Partial response, n (%) 21 (84); Stable disease, n (%) 4 (16); DCR, n (%) 25 (100)
BICR-assessed: Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 80 (59, 93)
Data cutoff: September 4, 2026.
Figure 2. Tumor Reduction Observed in All Efficacy-Evaluable Patients, Including Patients with CNS Disease at Baseline
Figure 3. Responses to Enozertinib Were Observed Early, With Most Patients Remaining on Treatment
• At a median follow-up of 10.5 mo (95% CI: 8.4, 13.9), median time on treatment has not been reached. 69% (18/26) of patients remained on study treatment
• At a landmark of 6 months, 88% of patients remain progression-free
Figure 4. EGFR-Mutant ctDNA Clearance Observed in 82% of Patients by Cycle 3 Day 1
• All 22 ctDNA-evaluable patients had a ≥90% reduction in EGFR-mutant ctDNA clearance by Cycle 3 Day 1, with ctDNA clearance achieved in 18 patients (82%)
INTRACRANIAL EFFICACY
Table 5: Investigator-Assessed Intracranial Response Rates | Response Rate per modified RECIST 1.1 | Response-Evaluable (n=10)
Best ORR, % (95% CI) 80 (44, 98); Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 70 (35, 93); Complete response, n (%) 2 (20); Partial response, n (%) 5 (50); Stable disease, n (%) 3 (30); DCR, n (%) 10 (100)
Figure 5. In the Context of 90% of Response-Evaluable Patients Having No Prior Treatment for their CNS Metastases, All Patients Achieved CNS Tumor Reductions
• No new CNS lesions in patients with or without baseline CNS metastases
Table 6. BICR-Assessed Intracranial Response Rates | Response Rate per RANO-BM | Response-Evaluable (n=15)
Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 67 (38, 88); Complete response, n (%) 6 (40); Partial response, n (%) 4 (27); Stable disease, n (%) 3 (20); Progressive disease, n (%) 2 (13); DCR, n (%) 13 (87)
Figure 6. Intracranial Tumor Reduction Observed in Nearly All Efficacy-Evaluable Patients by BICR per RANO-BM
• Six complete responses, including in three patients with non-measurable CNS disease
Complete Intracranial Response in Patient with Treatment-Naïve EGFR Atypical Mutation and Previously Untreated CNS Metastases
• 59yo M with G719C-S768I mutation • Baseline CNS Metastases: 3 target lesions and 2 non-target lesions, all previously untreated • Systemic Response: Confirmed PR (-81%) after Cycle 4 • CNS Response: PR after Cycle 3 and CR after Cycle 14 • TRAEs: G2 dermatitis acneiform (resolved), G1 diarrhea (resolved), G1 dry skin • Duration of Treatment: Cycle 18 (ongoing)
CONCLUSIONS
• Enozertinib 80 mg once daily demonstrated clinically meaningful antitumor activity in a population of patients with treatment-naive advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR atypical mutations and an exceptionally high rate of CNS metastases
– Meaningful clinical responses: confirmed INV-ORR 84%, BICR-ORR 80%; 88% remain progression free at 6 months
– Compelling intracranial responses: confirmed INV-ORR 70%, BICR-RANO-BM ORR 67%; multiple complete responses
– Molecular responses: 82% of evaluable patients achieved full clearance of EGFR-mutant ctDNA
• Enozertinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile, with no significant off-target toxicity and no TRAE-related discontinuations
• These data support continued investigation of enozertinib as frontline therapy for patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR atypical mutations
This study is sponsored by ORIC Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress; Madrid, Spain; October 23–27, 2026
Dr. Antonio Calles 🫁🚭@Tony_Calles
1) Slide: CS2009 (PD-1/VEGF/CTLA-4 trispecific) efficacy, Group 1: ≥2L NSCLC monotherapy · 2) Slide: CS2009 efficacy, Group 2: 2/3L IO-pretreated NSCLC with docetaxel (Anwen Xiong)
🙌 Not bi-, but tri-specific MoAb against PD1-VEGF-CTLA4
Promising activity, particularly for squamous histology, with surprising low irAE & VEGF-AEs. #LCSM #ESMO26 https://t.co/Voy9FjKoJ7
1) Trial design schema: Ixotatug vedotin (Ixo-V): Phase 1 dose escalation and expansion study · 2) Slide: Ixo-V in GCT: baseline characteristics by dose level (N=11) · 3) Response data: Ixo-V in GCT: waterfall plot of best change from baseline and efficacy summary · 4) Safety data: Ixo-V in GCT: TEAEs and TRAEs by grade (butterfly bar chart)
Safety/Efficacy of Ixotatug Vedotin, a Claudin 6-Targeted ADC, as MonoRx in Heavily Pre-Treated GCT Pts @DrDarrenFeldman @urotoday #ESMO26
📌n=11, 10 Claudin 6 +ve
📌ORR: 45.5%
📌DCR: 72.7%
📌mPFS: 5.8 mos
📌Gr 3+ TEAEs: 63.6% https://t.co/6ZJaLWQlur
Baseline Characteristics
Characteristic | N = 40, n (%)
Age, years
Median (range) | 60 (29-82)
Sex
Male | 25 (62.5)
Female | 15 (37.5)
ECOG performance status
0 | 13 (32.5)
1 | 27 (67.5)
Histology (WHO)
Thymic carcinoma | 24 (60.0)
Thymoma | 16 (40.0)
Type A / B1 | 1 (2.5) / 3 (7.5)
Type B2 | 8 (20.0)
Type B3 | 4 (10.0)
Characteristic
Line of rivoceranib
2nd line | 13 (32.5)
3rd line | 11 (27.5)
≥4th line | 16 (40.0)
Prior systemic therapy
Cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide | 23 (57.5)
Carboplatin, paclitaxel | 18 (45.0)
Etoposide + cisplatin or carboplatin | 13 (32.5)
Immune checkpoint inhibitor | 9 (22.5)
Sites of metastasis
Pleura | 25 (62.5)
Lung | 20 (50.0)
Lymph node | 14 (35.0)
Liver | 10 (25.0)
Bone | 8 (20.0)
Patient disposition
• 43 screened; 40 received rivoceranib (3 screen failures)
• Data cut-off April 2026
Rashid K. Sayyid@RKSayyid
1) Slide: [68Ga]Ga-DPI-4452 CAIX PET Cohort A results: primary ccRCC detection sensitivity, specificity · 2) Slide: [68Ga]Ga-DPI-4452 vs 18F-FDG PET Cohort B results: per-lesion detection rates and median
#ESMO26 Can CAIX-targeted PET improve diagnosis + staging of ccRCC?
🇨🇳 Prospective study of [68Ga]Ga-DPI-4452, targeting CAIX—expressed in >90% of ccRCC.
Cohort A:
🔹 Primary ccRCC: sensitivity 100%, specificity 85.7%
🔹 Metastatic lesion sensitivity: 97.7%
🔹 20 additional mets detected → lesion yield ↑82.6%
🔹 Uptake correlated with CAIX expression: r=0.83
Cohort B: DPI-4452 vs FDG PET/CT
🔹 Overall detection: 95.6% vs 61.4%
🔹 Lung: 96.7% vs 53.3%
🔹 Bone: 93.5% vs 79.7%
🔹 LN: 88.4% vs 44.9%
🔑 CAIX-targeted PET demonstrated excellent ccRCC detection and markedly outperformed FDG for metastatic disease → promising for diagnosis, staging + future CAIX-directed theranostics.
@urotoday
2671P High-dose firmonertinib combined with bevacizumab and pemetrexed in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and LM: An ambispective real-world study
Qi Zhao, Haiyang Chen, Qiming Wang*
Background
• Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a devastating complication of EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with an increasing incidence of up to 11.1%.
• Our previous study demonstrated that high-dose firmonertinib achieved a median overall survival (mOS) of 8.43 months.
• In our multicentre retrospective FURMO-LM study of 618 patients, furmonertinib-based triplet therapy was associated with longer OS than monotherapy or doublet regimens.
• Building on these findings, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of high-dose furmonertinib combined with bevacizumab and pemetrexed in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and LM.
Methods
• This study enrolled patients with EGFRm NSCLC and LM diagnosed via EANO-ESMO criteria. Participants received firmonertinib (240 mg QD) combined with bevacizumab (15 mg/kg, Q3W) and pemetrexed (either 50 mg intrathecal [IT] or 500 mg/m² intravenous [IV] Q3W).
• The primary endpoint was OS. Secondary endpoints included time to treatment failure (TTF), LM objective response rate (ORR-LM) per RANO-LM criteria, clinical response rate, and safety.
Results
Patients
• From March 2023 to May 2025, 61 patients were enrolled at Henan Cancer Hospital, 57 were evaluable (4 excluded due to inadequate treatment duration).
• Baseline characteristics: 18 (31.6%) 19del, 34 (59.6%) L858R, 46(80.7%) had prior third-generation EGFR-TKI therapy, and 7(12.3%) received > 3 prior lines of systemic treatment.
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients (Patient, n (%))
Age (years) Median 57 (34-82)
Sex Male 27 (47.4%); Female 30 (52.6%)
Histology Adenocarcinoma 56 (98.2%); Adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation 1 (1.8%)
Smoking history Never 39 (68.4%); Current/Former 18 (31.6%)
ECOG performance status 1: 6 (10.5%); 2: 20 (35.1%); 3: 24 (42.1%); 4: 7 (12.3%)
EGFR mutation type L858R 34 (59.6%); Ex19del 18 (31.6%); G719X 1 (1.8%); L861Q 1 (1.8%); C797S 1 (1.8%); G719A and S768I 1 (1.8%); Ex18delins 1 (1.8%)
Intracranial pressure before treatment ≤180 mmH2O 17 (29.8%); >180 mmH2O 39 (68.4%); NA 1 (1.8%)
Type of LM Type I 56 (98.2%); Type II 1 (1.8%)
Prior 3-generation EGFR-TKI therapy No 11 (19.3%); Yes 46 (80.7%)
Prior brain radiotherapy No 39 (68.4%); WBRT 8 (14.0%); CSI 1 (1.8%); Radiotherapy for brain metastases 9 (15.8%)
Route of Pemetrexed administration Intravenous (IV) 8 (14.0%); Intrathecal (IT) 41(71.9%); Switch from IV to IT 8 (14.0%)
Efficacy
• At the data cutoff of 9 May 2026,The mOS was 15.5 months, mTTF was 12.6 months and median survival from LM diagnosis was 19.7 months (Figure 1).the clinical response rate was 70.2%, Among 40 radiographically evaluable patients, ORR-LM was 52.5% and disease control rate (DCR) was 95% (Figure 2).
Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curves of OS, TTF and OS from LM diagnosis
A Median OS: 15.5 (10.9−20.0)
B Median TTF:12.6 (9.4−17.3)
C Median OS from LM diagnosis: 19.7 (16.3−34.5)
Figure 2. Clinical, radiographic and cytological responses
A No response 17 (29.8%); Response 40 (70.2%)
B Radiographic assessment of LM: CR 3 (5.3%); PR 18 (31.6%); SD 17 (29.8%); PD 2 (3.5%); NE 17 (29.8%)
C CSF cytology evaluation: Negative 7 (12.3%); Positive 14 (24.6%); NE 36 (63.2%)
• Firmonertinib dose was reduced in 10 patients (17.5%): to 200 mg (n=3), 160 mg (n=6), or 120 mg (n=1); IT pemetrexed was reduced to 30 mg in 3 patients (5.3%).
Table 2. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) | Overall, n (%) Any grade | Grade 1-2 | Grade 3-4
Rash | 8 (14.0) | 7 (12.3) | 1 (1.8)
Diarrhea | 19 (33.3) | 17 (29.8) | 2 (3.5)
Nausea | 7 (12.3) | 6 (10.5) | 1 (1.8)
Increased creatine kinase | 9 (15.8) | 9 (15.8) | 0 (0)
Increased alanine aminotransferase | 3 (5.3) | 3 (5.3) | 0 (0)
Increased aspartate aminotransferase | 5 (8.8) | 5 (8.8) | 0 (0)
Increased γ-glutamyltransferase | 4 (7.0) | 3 (5.3) | 1 (1.8)
Leucopenia | 25 (43.9) | 13 (22.8) | 12 (21.1)
Neutropenia | 22 (38.6) | 12 (21.1) | 10 (17.5)
Anemia | 25 (43.9) | 23 (40.4) | 2 (3.5)
Decreased platelet count | 14 (24.6) | 10 (17.5) | 4 (7.0)
Prolonged electrocardiogram QT interval | 1 (1.8) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0)
Hyperuricemia | 3 (5.3) | 3 (5.3) | 0 (0)
Increased creatinine | 6 (10.5) | 4 (7.0) | 2 (3.5)
Oral mucositis | 9 (15.8) | 9 (15.8) | 0 (0)
Paronychia | 3 (5.3) | 3 (5.3) | 0 (0)
Epistaxis | 3 (5.3) | 3 (5.3) | 0 (0)
Proteinuria | 2 (3.5) | 2 (3.5) | 0 (0)
Safety
• Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade occurred in 86% of patients.
• Grade 3/4 TRAEs occurred in 28.1% (16/57) of patients and were primarily hematological: leukopenia (21.1%), neutropenia (17.5%), and thrombocytopenia (7.0%).
Conclusions
• The triple combination of high-dose firmonertinib, bevacizumab, and pemetrexed demonstrates promising clinical efficacy and a manageable safety profile in patients with EGFRm NSCLC and LM.
• This regimen may offer a potent therapeutic option, even for patients who have progressed on prior third-generation EGFR-TKIs.
*Corresponding to: Qiming Wang, MD. Henan Cancer Hospital, China
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 3817P - ZL-1310 (zocilurtatug pelitecan, DLL3 ADC) plus atezolizumab with or without
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥ZL 1310 (DLL3 ADC) Plus Atezolizumab ± Carboplatin in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Part 1b/1c Results From Study ZL 1310 001
🎙️Dr. Jun Zhao
🔢3817P
🎯Doublet (n=45): Confirmed ORR 65.9%; 1L at 1.6mg/kg (n=15): ORR 80%
🎯Triplet (n=13): ORR 91% but More Grade≥3 TEAEs (69.2% vs 26.7%)
☑️NCT06179069
🔗 https://t.co/lgHvJ38Rs8
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
3817P
ZL-1310 (DLL3 ADC) plus atezolizumab ± carboplatin in Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Jun Zhao, Valentina Gambardella, Wenxiu Yao, Zhen Wang, Pedro Rocha, Jie Hu, María Eugenia Olmedo García, Qiming Wang, David Vicente Baz, Luis Paz-Ares, Mariam Alexander, Anne C. Chiang, Manuel Cobo Dols, Yingying Du, Grace K. Dy, Martin Gutierrez, Alexander Spira, Liza Villaruz, Renke Zhou, Yi-Long Wu
Background
• Despite advances in first-line chemoimmunotherapy, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remains associated with a poor prognosis; in addition, treatment-related toxicities from chemotherapy may limit the tolerability, highlighting the need for more effective and better tolerated therapies.
• Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is highly expressed in SCLC. zocilurtatug pelitecan (ZL-1310) is a novel DLL3-targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) utilizing the TMALIN® platform to deliver a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload to tumor cells (Figure 1).
• In the ongoing Ph1 study (NCT06179069), ZL-1310 monotherapy at 1.6 mg/kg Q3W demonstrated encouraging intracranial activity, and was generally well tolerated.
Figure 1. Structure and Mechanism of Action of ZL-1310: A: Humanized anti-DLL3 IgG1 mAb; B: Cleavable tripeptide-based linker; C: Camptothecin derivative payload, C24
Method
• Phase I, open-label, dose-escalation and expansion study of ZL-1310 as monotherapy and in combination with atezolizumab, with (triplet) or without (doublet) carboplatin in ES-SCLC (NCT06179069) (Figure 2).
• For patients that received doublet therapy: • The dose-escalation cohorts enrolled previously treated patients. • The back-fill cohorts enrolled 1L or 1L maintenance patients at 1.2 mg/kg and 1.6 mg/kg after DLT was cleared. • The expansion cohort enrolled 1L ES-SCLC patients at 1.6 mg/kg.
• For patients that received triplet therapy: all patients received study drugs as 1L treatment.
• Efficacy and safety reported for 1L patients who had the opportunity of at least 12-week follow-up with data cutoff date of Sept 9, 2026.
Assessments • Safety: AE assessed per CTCAE v5.0 • Response was assessed by investigator per RECIST v1.1. Tumor evaluation is scheduled every 6 weeks for the first 30 weeks, then every 9 weeks till disease progression or death / withdrawn consent / lost to follow-up.
Figure 2. ZL-1310-001 Study Schema ZL-1310 plus atezolizumab ± carboplatin
Doublet: ZL-1310 + atezolizumab 1200 mg IV Q3W; dose escalation ZL-1310 0.8 mg/kg + atezolizumab (n=3), 1.2 mg/kg + atezolizumab (n=6), 1.6 mg/kg + atezolizumab (n=7); Backfill; Expansion. This report includes data from 43 1L ES-SCLC patients, including 33 treated with ZL-1310 at 1.6 mg/kg and 10 at 1.2 mg/kg.
Triplet: ZL-1310 + atezolizumab 1200 mg + carboplatin as induction, followed by ZL-1310 + atezolizumab as maintenance, IV Q3W; ZL-1310 0.8 mg/kg + atezolizumab + carboplatin 5 mg/ml/min; ZL-1310 0.8 mg/kg + atezolizumab + carboplatin 4 mg/ml/min; ZL-1310 1.2 mg/kg + atezolizumab + carboplatin 4 mg/ml/min. This report includes data from all 13 patients who received the triplet regimen as 1L treatment for ES-SCLC.
Baseline Characteristics for 1L patients
ZL-1310 + atezolizumab doublet: • At ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg, 33 patients were enrolled; the first 15 in the back fill cohort had the opportunity for ≥6 months of follow-up, with a median follow-up of 10.0 months. • At ZL-1310 1.2 mg/kg, 10 patients were enrolled; all had ≥6 months follow-up, with a median follow-up of 12.6 months.
ZL-1310 + atezolizumab + carboplatin triplet: • In the dose-escalation triplet cohorts, 13 patients were enrolled (Table 1), with median follow-up of 11.8 months.
Table 1. Demographics and Baseline Characteristics for 1L Patients (Doublet: 1.2 mg/kg (n=10) | 1.6 mg/kg (n=33) | Total (n=43); Triplet: Carbo AUC5 0.8 mg/kg (n=4) | Carbo AUC4 0.8 mg/kg (n=3) | Carbo AUC4 1.2 mg/kg (n=6) | Total (n=13))
Male, n (%) 8 (80.0) | 26 (78.8) | 34 (79.1) | 3 (75.0) | 3 (100) | 4 (66.7) | 10 (76.9)
Age, median (range), years 62 (51, 75) | 63 (46, 75) | 63 (46, 75) | 61 (58, 66) | 69 (66, 69) | 68 (59, 75) | 66 (58, 75)
ECOG PS = 1, n (%) 7 (70.0) | 25 (75.8) | 32 (74.4) | 3 (75.0) | 3 (100) | 5 (83.3) | 11 (84.6)
Race Asian 10 (100) | 30 (90.9) | 40 (93.0) | 3 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 7 (53.8); White 0 | 3 (9.1) | 3 (7.0) | 0 | 1 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 5 (38.5)
Brain Metastasis-Yes, n (%) 2 (20.0) | 6 (18.2) | 8 (18.6) | 1 (25.0) | 0 | 2 (33.3) | 3 (23.1)
Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, n (%) 8 (80.0) | 25 (75.8) | 33 (76.7) | 3 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 5 (83.3) | 10 (76.9)
Results
Efficacy of doublet as 1L therapy
• High overall response rates were observed in patients receiving ZL-1310 + atezolizumab as 1L therapy (ORR for all dose level: 81.4%).
Table 2. Best Overall Response per RECIST v1.1 by Investigator Assessment (ZL-1310 1.2 mg/kg + Atezolizumab (N=10) | ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg + Atezolizumab (N=33))
CR 0 | 0; PR 8 (80.0) | 27 (81.8); SD 2 (20.0) | 2 (6.1); PD 0 | 2 (6.1)
Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 80.0 (44.4, 97.5) | 81.8 (64.5, 93.0)
• Responses occurred rapidly: 34/35 (97.1%) responders achieving their response at the first post-baseline tumor assessment.
• The responses were durable (Figure 4). • In the 10 patients receiving ZL-1310 1.2 mg/kg + atezolizumab as 1L, mPFS and mDOR was 8.9 (4.0, NA) and 8.3 (4.0, NA) months, respectively. • In the first 15 patients receiving ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg + atezolizumab as 1L, mPFS is not reached after a median follow-up of 10.0 months. 66.7% of these patients had not yet experienced disease progression or death at this data cut-off. mDOR is not reached.
Efficacy of triplet as 1L therapy
• Patients receiving ZL-1310 in combination with atezolizumab and carboplatin as 1L therapy demonstrated a high overall response rate (ORR) of 92.3%.
• mPFS is 8.4 months (95% CI 3.7, NA) and mDOR is 7.7 months (2.6, NA).
Safety of doublet as 1L therapy
• ZL-1310 plus atezolizumab is well tolerated. • No DLTs were observed in the dose escalation phase. • The majority of AEs were Grade 1 or 2, and non-serious. • Grade ≥3 AEs related to ZL-1310 occurred in 7/43 (16.3%) of patients, and SAEs related to ZL-1310 occurred in 5/43 (11.6%) of patients. • AE rate related to ZL-1310 that led to dose reduction (4.7%, 2/43) or discontinuation (1/43, 2.3%) was low. • No treatment-related deaths were reported.
Table 3. Summary of Adverse Events - Doublet Safety Analysis Set (1.2 mg/kg (N=10) | 1.6 mg/kg (N=33) | Total (N=43))
Any 10 (100) | 32 (97.0) | 42 (97.7); Related to ZL-1310 10 (100) | 31 (93.9) | 41 (95.3)
Serious 4 (40.0) | 6 (18.2) | 10 (23.3); Related to ZL-1310 2 (20.0) | 3 (9.1) | 5 (11.6)
Grade ≥ 3 5 (50.0) | 7 (21.2) | 12 (27.9); Related to ZL-1310 4 (40.0) | 3 (9.1) | 7 (16.3)
Leading to ZL-1310 Drug Interruption 5 (50.0) | 9 (27.3) | 14 (32.6); Related to ZL-1310 4 (40.0) | 5 (15.2) | 9 (20.9)
Leading to ZL-1310 Dose Reduction 0 | 2 (6.1) | 2 (4.7); Related to ZL-1310 0 | 2 (6.1) | 2 (4.7)
Leading to ZL-1310 Drug Discontinuation 1 (10.0) | 0 | 1 (2.3); Related to ZL-1310 1 (10.0) | 0 | 1 (2.3)
Safety of triplet as 1L therapy
• Compared with the doublet, the triplet was associated with increased hematologic toxicity, more frequent Grade ≥3 AEs, and a higher rate of dose interruptions. Although MTD was not met, the ZL-1310 dose was not escalated above 1.2 mg/kg.
• A single DLT, Grade 4 thrombocytopenia, was observed in ZL-1310 0.8 mg/kg + Atezolizumab + Carboplatin AUC 5. No DLTs occurred in the ZL-1310 + Atezolizumab + Carboplatin AUC 4 cohorts.
• Grade ≥3 AEs related to ZL-1310 occurred in 7/13 (53.8%) of participants, and SAEs related to ZL-1310 occurred in 3/13 (23.1%).
• One patient from ZL-1310 1.2 mg/kg + Atezolizumab + Carboplatin AUC 4 cohort had over-dose of Carboplatin and treatment-related death due to a G5 Sepsis.
Table 4. Summary of Adverse Events - Triplet Combination Safety Analysis Set (0.8 mg/kg + AUC 5 (N=4) | 0.8 mg/kg + AUC 4 (N=3) | 1.2 mg/kg + AUC 4 (N=6) | Total (N=13))
Any 4 (100) | 3 (100) | 6 (100) | 13 (100); Related to ZL-1310 3 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 5 (83.3) | 10 (76.9)
Serious 2 (50.0) | 0 | 5 (83.3) | 7 (53.8); Related to ZL-1310 1 (25.0) | 0 | 2 (33.3) | 3 (23.1)
Grade ≥ 3 3 (75.0) | 1 (33.3) | 6 (100) | 10 (76.9); Related to ZL-1310 2 (50.0) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (53.8)
Leading to ZL-1310 Drug Interruption 4 (100) | 3 (100) | 4 (66.7) | 11 (84.6); Related to ZL-1310 3 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 4 (66.7) | 9 (69.2)
Leading to ZL-1310 Dose Reduction 0 | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 1 (7.7); Related 0 | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 1 (7.7)
Leading to ZL-1310 Drug Discontinuation 0 | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 1 (7.7); Related 0 | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 1 (7.7)
Common AEs related to ZL-1310 and ILD / pneumonitis
• Doublet: The most common AEs related to ZL-1310 of all grades (≥20%) were anaemia (48.8%), nausea (39.5%), leukopenia (34.9%), decreased appetite (30.2%), ALT increased, neutropenia (27.9% each), hypertriglyceridaemia and lymphopenia (23.3% each)
• Triplet: The most common AEs related to ZL-1310 of all grades (≥20%) were anaemia and neutropenia (61.5% each), thrombocytopenia (53.8%), nausea (46.2%), ALT increased, decreased appetite, and leukopenia (38.5% each), AST increased, constipation, malaise, and vomiting (30.8% each), and alopecia, hyperuricaemia, and hypoaesthesia (23.1% each).
• ILD / pneumonitis was low in both regimens: 2/43 (4.7%) in doublet, and 2/13 (15.4%) in triplet, all Grade 1.
Conclusion
• ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg and atezolizumab doublet combination demonstrated high response rate (81.8%) and durable response as 1L treatment in ES-SCLC (median PFS for the first 15 patients who had 10-month follow-up not yet obtained).
• ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg and atezolizumab doublet combination is well tolerated. The overall AE rate, Grade 3 and above AE rate, SAE rate with this regimen is not higher than that of ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg monotherapy as previously reported. Only one G1 ILD / pneumonitis was reported so far in patients receiving ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg and atezolizumab as 1L treatment (1/33, 3.0%).
• ZL-1310 1.6 mg/kg and atezolizumab doublet combination has a more favorable risk / Benefit profile compared to ZL-1310 + atezolizumab + carboplatin triplet regimen.
• A Phase III randomized 1L study will be started to further evaluate a combination regimen in ES-SCLC (NCT07796100).
Acknowledgement: This study was sponsored by Zai Lab (US) LLC. Atezolizumab study drug was provided by Roche.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: DAREON-9 poster 3827P - obrixtamig (BI 764532) plus topotecan in ES-SCLC, topotecan use analysis
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥DAREON-9: A Phase Ib Open-Label Dose Escalation/Confirmation Study of Obrixtamig (BI 764532) Plus Topotecan in Patients (Pts) With Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) ‒ Topotecan Use Analysis
🎙️Dr. Martin Wermke
🔢3827P
🎯Confirmed ORR 65%, Median PFS 5.6mo, Median DoR 6.9mo (n=60)
🎯Grade≥3 Neutropenia 45%, Mostly Cycles 1–2
☑️NCT05990738
🔗 https://t.co/iT1oAwLHH2
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
#3827P
DAREON®-9: A Phase Ib Open-Label Dose Escalation/Confirmation Study of Obrixtamig (BI 764532) Plus Topotecan in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) – Topotecan Use Analysis
Martin Wermke*, Jürgen Alt, Farastuk Bozorgmehr, Florian Fuchs, Pauline du Rusquec, Anas Gazzah, Céline Mascaux, Sean Dulloo, Ewa Kalinka, Aman Chauhan, Estelamari Rodriguez, Anna Mosikian, Iryna Tsyhankova, Dian Yang, Cyrus Sayehli
Introduction
• SCLC is a type of NEC with poor survival outcomes
• DLL3 is an inhibitory Notch ligand that is expressed on ~94% of SCLC tumor cells
Obrixtamig is a novel DLL3/CD3 IgG-like T-cell engager
• DAREON®-9 (NCT05990738) is an ongoing Phase I dose-escalation/confirmation trial assessing the combination of obrixtamig + topotecan in patients with advanced relapsed/refractory ES-SCLC
• Data from the dose-escalation phase demonstrated encouraging efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in patients with previously treated ES-SCLC
• This analysis assessed whether topotecan treatment patterns affect the safety or efficacy of the combination
Methods
Part A: dose escalation (BLRM with overdose control; N=44): Obrixtamig with 3 target dose levels (10, 30, 60 mg) + topotecan -> RP2D -> Part B: dose confirmation (N=16): Obrixtamig 60 mg + topotecan
Obrixtamig was given as step-up dosing followed by target dose (3 dose levels; IV Q1W for three weeks, then Q3W); topotecan was given per label (QD on Days 1–5 of each cycle, 2.3 mg/m² orally or 1.5 mg/m² IV). G-CSF use was permitted from the start of topotecan treatment, per label and local clinical practice
Patients were treated until disease progression, undue toxicity, consent withdrawn, or any other reasons requiring discontinuation. Patients could continue obrixtamig ± topotecan beyond disease progression (according to RECIST v1.1) if, in the opinion of the investigator, they were deriving clinical benefit
Key inclusion criteria • Histologically/cytologically confirmed SCLC • ES-SCLC that progressed/recurred following ≥1 line of platinum-based treatment as per SoC (including anti-PD-1/PD-L1) • Eligible for topotecan treatment per label • Adequate organ function
Key exclusion criteria • Previous treatment with T-cell engagers or DLL3-targeting therapies • Untreated/symptomatic brain metastases • Prior anticancer therapy ≤14 days prior to first obrixtamig treatment
• Topotecan relative dose intensity (RDI) for Cycle 1 to PD was calculated as: RDI (%) = 100 x (cumulative total dose received) / (planned cumulative total dose), where planned cumulative total dose is calculated as the dose that would have been administered per protocol without dose modifications, up to the DLP date, death, or last treatment, whichever occurred first
• For the sensitivity analysis, RDI for Cycles 1–X was calculated as the mean of per-cycle RDIs through the cycle of PD; cycles after PD were excluded
Patients
• As of November 11, 2025, 60 patients had been enrolled and received ≥1 dose of obrixtamig
Total (N=60): Median age, years (range) 64.5 (33–81); Male, n (%) 37 (62); Prior lines of treatment 1/2/≥3, n (%) 31 (52) / 18 (30) / 11 (18); Prior use of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, n (%) 57 (95); ECOG PS 0/1, n (%) 24 (40) / 36 (60); Median number of cycles of obrixtamig / topotecan, n (range) 8 (1–28) / 8 (1–16); Median treatment exposure of obrixtamig / topotecan, months (range) 5.4 (0.3–19.6) / 6.7 (0.2–10.8)
• 15 (25%) patients continued receiving topotecan beyond PD and 20 (33%) patients continued receiving obrixtamig beyond PD
Safety
Dose modifications due to AEs (Due to topotecan-related AEs (N=60) | Due to obrixtamig-related AEs (N=60))
Dose modification of topotecan, n (%): Dose delay 8 (13) | 4 (7); Dose reduction 20 (33) | 2 (3); Discontinuation 12 (20) | 2 (3)
Dose modification of obrixtamig, n (%): Dose delay 9 (15) | 7 (12); Discontinuation 0 | 1 (2)
• There were no dose reductions of obrixtamig
Dose modifications of both treatments due to AEs were primarily attributed to topotecan-related AEs
Most common hematologic TRAEs (≥5% of patients) Total (N=60): Any grade | Grade ≥3
Any TRAE, n (%) 60 (100) | 51 (85)
Topotecan-related hematologic AEs: Thrombocytopenia/decreased platelets 52 (87) | 35 (58); Anemia 47 (78) | 19 (32); Neutropenia/decreased neutrophils 37 (62) | 27 (45); Decreased lymphocytes 7 (12) | 7 (12); Febrile neutropenia 5 (8) | 5 (8); Leukopenia 3 (5) | 2 (3)
Obrixtamig-related hematologic AEs: Decreased lymphocytes 20 (33) | 15 (25); Anemia 5 (8) | 0
Most hematologic AEs observed in this study were attributed to topotecan. The most common obrixtamig-related hematologic AE was decreased lymphocytes, consistent with the expected effects of obrixtamig's mechanism of action
Safety (cont.)
• Median duration of grade ≥3 neutropenia: 8 days (range: 1–16)
• Median time to onset of grade ≥3 neutropenia: 8 days (range: 5–29)
Grade ≥3 neutropenia mostly occurred in Cycles 1–2; Most patients with grade ≥3 neutropenia had 1–2 episodes
Infection events ≤14 days since neutropenia onset: Gr 1–2 9 (15%); Gr ≥3 3 (5%); Median duration 7 days (1–184). Hospitalizations due to: Neutropenia 2 (3%); Febrile neutropenia 5 (8%)
• No grade 5 neutropenia or treatment-related infection occurred
• Of patients with grade ≥3 treatment-emergent thrombocytopenia and anemia, 33% and 85% received platelet and RBC transfusions, respectively
• G-CSF was commonly used (primary/secondary prophylaxis: 93%/18%)
• Obrixtamig-related CRS: grade 1: 45%; grade 2: 12%; grade 3: 3%
• Median time to CRS onset: 2 days (range: 1–29)
• Obrixtamig-related ICANS/ICANS-like neurotoxicity: n=3 (all grade 1)
• DLTs during MTD evaluation period: n=3 (grade 3 tumor pain; grade 2 increased blood creatinine; grade 3 fatigue)
Efficacy
• Efficacy was evaluable in 46 patients (≥1 assessment performed)
Efficacy (cont.)
Efficacy by topotecan RDI
• Overall, confirmed ORR was 65%: 72% in patients with RDI <80% and 61% in patients with RDI ≥80%
• Overall, confirmed mDoR was 6.9 months: 5.6 months in patients with RDI <80% and 7.3 months in patients with RDI ≥80%
• Overall, confirmed mPFS was 5.6 months and was identical in patients with RDI <80% and ≥80% (5.6 months in each group)
• Overall, 33 patients (55%) discontinued topotecan before obrixtamig
• Of these patients, median time from topotecan discontinuation to PD was 2.6 months (95% CI: 1.4–4.3)
Topotecan RDI did not impact ORR or PFS, although mDoR tended to be longer with full-dose topotecan. A sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of poorer outcomes with lower topotecan exposure during early cycles. These findings are limited by the small patient numbers
Key Findings and Conclusions
• Obrixtamig + topotecan showed a manageable safety profile in relapsed/refractory ES-SCLC
• Neutropenia occurred early, was manageable, and was consistent with the known topotecan safety profile
• Many patients continued obrixtamig after discontinuing topotecan, including beyond PD, suggesting ongoing clinical benefit
• Minor differences between topotecan RDIs indicate topotecan dose modifications did not have a significant negative impact on overall promising efficacy
This study was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim.
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress, Madrid, Spain, October 23–27, 2026
*Corresponding author email address: martin.wermke@ukdd.de
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Biomarker data: Poster 2659P - SHR-1826 c-MET ADC plus adebrelimab (PD-L1) and SHR-8068 (CTLA-4)
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Phase 2 Study of SHR-1826, a c-MET Directed Antibody-Drug-Conjugate, Combined With PD-L1 Inhibitor and CTLA-4 Inhibitor in Previously Treated Advanced/Metastatic Non-Squamous NSCLC
🎙️Dr. Yi Hu
🔢2659P
🎯Unconfirmed ORR 42.4%, DCR 87.9%
🎯Median PFS 8.3mo (n=37; 4.3-Mo Follow-Up)
🎯Grade≥3 TRAEs 59.5%, One TRAE-Related Death
☑️NCT06844474
🔗 https://t.co/yRACmSPCMN
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
2026 ESMO #2659P
Phase 2 study of SHR-1826, a c-MET directed antibody-drug-conjugate, combined with PD-L1 inhibitor and CTLA-4 inhibitor in previously treated advanced/metastatic non-squamous NSCLC
Yi Hu, Fan Zhang, Yongzhong Luo, Xingxiang Pu, Zhiye Zhang, Yajie Zhu, Linlin Wang, Li Wang, Tianqing Chu, Yan Yu, Xinghua Han, Yanwei Yin, Yongxu Jia, Yina Wang, Huijuan Wang, Changliang Yang, Yan Li, Huang Xu, Li Song, Zongyan Xie
MADRID SPAIN 23-27 OCTOBER 2026
Background
• c-MET dysregulation is common in NSCLC and is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to EGFR-TKI.
• Although telisotuzumab adizutecan, a novel c-Met–targeting ADC, is being investigated in patients with c-Met–overexpressing tumors, effective therapies remain lacking for the majority of patients with c-Met overexpression who do not harbor MET gene alterations.
• SHR-1826, a novel c-MET-targeting ADC comprising a humanized IgG2 antibody conjugated to a topoisomerase I inhibitor, has demonstrated a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced solid tumors in a phase 1 study.
Method
• This study (NCT06844474) was an open-label, multicenter Phase II clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of SHR-1826 for injection in patients with NSCLC (Figure 1).
• This presentation reports results in previously treated non-squamous NSCLC.
Screening: Key eligibility criteria • Advanced or metastatic NSCLC • EGFR sensitizing mutation-negative and ALK fusion-negative • ECOG PS of 0 or 1 • ≥1 measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1
Treatment Period: SHR-1826 4 mg/kg IV Q3W + SHR-8068 (a CTLA-4 inhibitor) 280 mg IV once on Day 1, then 70 mg IV Q6W from Cycle 5 + Adebrelimab 1200 mg IV Q3W
Safety Lead-in Phase • First enrolled 3–6 NSCLC patients who failed prior first-line standard therapy, with ≤ 2 prior lines of therapy • SMC reviewed safety event incidence, safety, and efficacy data → decided on expansion to ~25–50 patients
Efficacy Expansion Phase • Treatment-naïve NSCLC • Squamous NSCLC and Non-squamous NSCLC; ~25–50 patients per sub-cohort
Follow-up: Safety Follow-up Period • Continued until 60 (±7) days after the last SHR-1826 dose, 90 (±7) days after the last SHR-8068 dose, and 90 (±7) days after the last adebrelimab dose, whichever was later. Survival Follow-up • After treatment and safety follow-up, continue survival follow-up (OS, etc.) every 60 ± 7 days from 90 days post-last dose, until death, withdrawal of consent, loss to follow-up, or study termination, whichever occurs first.
• Primary Endpoints: Safety, ORR • Secondary Endpoints: DCR, DoR, PFS, OS
Figure 1. Study design
Result
Patients
• As of Mar. 9, 2026, 37 patients were enrolled and received the treatment (median age, 63.0 years; ECOG PS 1, 86.5%; second line therapy, 32.4%.
• The baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1. With a median follow-up of 4.3 months, 28 (75.7%) patients were still on treatment (Figure 2).
Table 1. Baseline characteristics (SHR-1826 + Adebrelimab + SHR-8068 (N=37))
Age, years, median (range) 63.0 (36.0-75.0)
Female, n (%) 23 (62.2)
ECOG PS of 1, n (%) 32 (86.5)
Clinical staging at screening n(%) 37 (100): IIIC 2 (5.4); IVA 9 (24.3); IVB 26 (70.3)
Prior lines of therapy, n (%) 37 (100): 1 25 (67.6); 2 12 (32.4)
c-MET positive, n (%) 24 (64.9); c-MET 2+/3+ ≥ 50%* 11 (29.7)
PD-L1 TPS, n (%) 37 (100): < 1 27 (73.0); ≥ 1 9 (24.3); Unknown 1 (2.7)
Prior therapy, n (%) 37 (100): Immunotherapy 35 (94.6); Non-platinum Chemotherapy 34 (91.9); Platinum Chemotherapy 35 (94.6)
* ≥50% of tumor cells showing 2+ or 3+ staining intensity.
Efficacy
• The unconfirmed ORR was 42.4% (95% CI 25.5, 60.8), and the unconfirmed DCR was 87.9% (95% CI 71.8, 96.6); among the 14 responders, the median duration of response was immature at the data cutoff (Table 3).
• Most patients had a reduction of tumor size from baseline (Figure 2. 3).
• Median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI: 5.32, NR) (Table 3, Figure 4). Median overall survival was not matured.
Table 3. Efficacy summary (SHR-1826 + Adebrelimab + SHR-8068)
Unconfirmed Best overall response, n 33
Unconfirmed Complete response, n (%) 0 (0)
Unconfirmed Partial response, n (%) 14 (42.4)
Stable disease, n (%) 15 (45.5)
Progressive disease, n (%) 3 (9.1)
Not evaluable, n (%) 1 (3)
Unconfirmed Objective response rate, % (95% CI) 42.4 (25.5, 60.8)
Unconfirmed Disease control rate, % (95% CI) 87.9 (71.8, 96.6)
Progression-free survival, months, median (95% CI) 8.3 (5.3, NR)
Rates at 3 months, % (95% CI) 85.2 (64.9, 94.3)
Rates at 6 months, % (95% CI) 57.2 (30.2, 77.1)
Rates at 9 months, % (95% CI) 42.9 (14.2, 69.3)
Figure 2. Target lesion diameter relative to baseline
Figure 3. The optimal percentage change in target lesion diameter relative to baseline
Figure 4. Kaplan-Meier plot of progression-free survival; Number at risk 37 31 24 15 13 11 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (0–12 months)
Safety
• Overall safety was manageable, with hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities predominating, a slightly higher incidence of rash (Table 2).
• One patient (2.7%) experienced a TRAE of grade 3 interstitial lung disease that led to treatment discontinuation.
• One had a TRAE leading to death with unknown cause.
Table 2. Safety profile and common TRAEs (N=37)
TRAEs 35 (94.6); Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs 22 (59.5); Serious TRAEs 19 (51.4); TRAEs leading to treatment interruption 17 (45.9); TRAEs leading to treatment reduction 5 (13.5); TRAEs leading to treatment withdrawn 1 (2.7); TRAEs leading to death 1 (2.7); Immune related AEs 6 (16.2); Grade ≥3 2 (5.4)
TRAEs occurring in ≥ 20% of patients (Any grade | Grade ≥3): Anaemia 23 (62.2) | 1 (2.7); White blood cell count decreased 17 (45.9) | 7 (18.9); Rash 16 (43.2) | 4 (10.8); Nausea 14 (37.8) | 1 (2.7); Platelet count decreased 14 (37.8) | 7 (18.9); Neutrophil count decreased 13 (35.1) | 11 (29.7); Decreased appetite 13 (35.1) | 0; Hypoalbuminaemia 10 (27.0) | 0; Asthenia 9 (24.3) | 0; Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased 9 (24.3) | 0; Vomiting 8 (21.6) | 1 (2.7); Alopecia 8 (21.6) | 0
Conclusion
SHR-1826 combined with Adebrelimab and SHR-8068 showed encouraging antitumor activity and manageable safety profile in patients with preciously treated non-squamous NSCLC. Follow-up is ongoing for long-term efficacy and safety data.
Funding: This study was sponsored by Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
Corresponding author: Prof. Yi Hu
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 2660P - tivunatamig (PF-08634404/SSGJ-707) PD-1/VEGF bispecific plus chemotherapy
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Phase 2 Trial of the PD-1/VEGF Bispecific Antibody, PF-08634404 (SSGJ-707), Plus Chemotherapy (Chemo) in Advanced NSCLC: Updated Results
🎙️Dr. Lin Wu
🔢2660P
🎯cORR 75.0% vs 44.7% (Tislelizumab) in Non-Squamous; 82.5% (Carbo/Pac) and 69.2% (Carbo/Nab-Pac) vs 67.7% in Squamous (n=261)
🎯Responses Regardless of PD-L1
🎯ctDNA Clearance Linked to Longer PFS (13.8 vs 9.6mo)
☑️NCT06412471
🔗 https://t.co/tP6aKxBHWa
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC
2660P
Phase 2 trial of the PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibody, tivunatamig (PF-08634404 / SSGJ-707), plus chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC: updated results
Lin Wu, Haipeng Xu, Yulan Sun, Fangling Ning, Siyuan Huang, Dingzhi Huang, Yan Yu, Feng Ye, Dongqing Lv, Zhidong Pei, Junguo Lu, Tao Xu, Xingxiang Pu, Xiang Li, Ruoyu Wang, Laiyu Liu, Junfang Tang, Anwen Liu, Eeman Shaikh, Jing Lou
Conclusions
• Tivunatamig (PF'4404) combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (chemo) continues to demonstrate clinically meaningful and durable antitumor activity in first-line (1L) treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across tumor histology and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression
– In non-squamous NSCLC, the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was 77.5% with tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + chemo vs 44.7% with tislelizumab + chemo; median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.8 vs 9.7 months, respectively
– In squamous NSCLC, the confirmed ORR was 80.7% with tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + chemo (paclitaxel) vs 67.7% with tislelizumab + chemo; median PFS was 13.6 vs 8.3 months, respectively
• Tivunatamig combined with platinum-based chemo demonstrated a safety profile that was manageable and consistent with the known safety profile of chemo combined with programmed death 1 (PD-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors
– Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 55.8% of patients with tivunatamig + chemo (all doses) vs 49.3% for tislelizumab + chemo
– Safety was consistent independent of tumor histology
• Exploratory analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) clearance via a tumor-agnostic 172-gene panel showed correlation with PFS with better PFS in patients with ctDNA clearance at cycle 3 day 1 (C3D1); 61.9% of patients had ctDNA clearance after 2 cycles of tivunatamig + chemo
• These results continue to support 5 ongoing Symbiotic trials in lung cancer, including the ongoing phase 3 pivotal Symbiotic-Lung-01 trial of tivunatamig 10 mg/kg combined with chemo in 1L treatment of NSCLC regardless of histology and PD-L1 expression (see QR code)
Background
• Tivunatamig is a novel and structurally distinct PD-1×VEGF bispecific engineered with augmented VEGF inhibition and enhanced cooperative binding with PD-1 to enable robust immune activation in the tumor microenvironment (Figure 1)
• Tivunatamig monotherapy demonstrated promising efficacy and manageable safety in patients with treatment-naive tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥1% NSCLC
– With a median follow-up duration of 18.2 months, confirmed ORR was 67.6%, and median PFS was 12.4 months
• Earlier data from the phase 2 study (NCT06412471) of tivunatamig combined with platinum-based chemo in 1L treatment of NSCLC demonstrated encouraging efficacy and manageable safety regardless of tumor histology and PD-L1 expression
• Here, we report updated efficacy and safety results from this study after an additional 13 months of follow-up
Methods
• This is an open-label, multicenter, randomized phase 2 trial of tivunatamig or tislelizumab (anti–PD-1) combined with platinum-based chemo for the treatment of patients with treatment-naïve advanced NSCLC (Figure 2)
• The primary objectives are to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of different dosing regimens of tivunatamig combined with platinum-based chemo
• Eligible patients have histologically confirmed treatment-naïve stage IIIB/C or IV NSCLC, regardless of PD-L1 expression
– Patients are excluded if they have EGFR or ALK alterations, BRAF V600E mutations, MET exon 14 skipping mutations, RET fusions, or ROS1 fusions
• In part 1, patients with non-squamous NSCLC were randomized to receive tivunatamig at 5/10/20 mg/kg or tislelizumab with carboplatin + pemetrexed
• In part 2 cohort A, patients with squamous NSCLC were randomized to receive tivunatamig at 5/10/20 mg/kg + carboplatin + paclitaxel
– Based on the selected dose from cohort A, part 2 cohort B evaluated tivunatamig 10 mg/kg or tislelizumab with paclitaxel + carboplatin or tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + nab-paclitaxel + carboplatin in squamous NSCLC
• Baseline demographics and efficacy results are shown from the recommended phase 3 dose of tivunatamig 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W); safety and ctDNA results include all tivunatamig doses evaluated. ctDNA was determined using a tumor-agnostic 172-gene panel (HapOnco® mClean Lung Cancer MRD)
Figure 2. Study design: Part 1: 1L non-squamous NSCLC (n=122): Tivunatamig 5 mg/kg Q3W + pemetrexed + carboplatin (n=40); Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg Q3W + pemetrexed + carboplatin (n=41); Tislelizumab + pemetrexed + carboplatin (n=40). Part 2: 1L squamous NSCLC (n=139): Cohort A: Tivunatamig 5 mg/kg Q3W + paclitaxel + carboplatin (n=30); Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg Q3W + paclitaxel + carboplatin (n=30); Cohort B: Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg Q3W + paclitaxel + carboplatin (n=32); Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg Q3W + nab-paclitaxel + carboplatin (n=14); Tislelizumab + paclitaxel + carboplatin (n=31)
Results
Efficacy results
• At the data cutoff (August 6, 2026), 122 patients with non-squamous NSCLC and 139 with squamous NSCLC were enrolled in parts 1 and 2, respectively
• Across the treatment groups, the majority of patients were male and had former/current smoking status; >40% of the patients had TPS <1% NSCLC (Table 1)
• Median follow-up was between 16.2 and 18.6 months across the tivunatamig 10 mg/kg and tislelizumab cohorts (Table 2)
• High confirmed ORR and durable responses were observed irrespective of histology (Table 3 and QR code)
• Median PFS was 13.8 months with tivunatamig vs 9.7 months with tislelizumab in patients with non-squamous NSCLC; in patients with squamous NSCLC, median PFS was 13.6 months (paclitaxel) and 13.4 months (nab-paclitaxel) vs 8.3 months (Figure 3)
Table 2. Patient disposition, follow-up time, and doses administered (Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + pemetrexed (n=41) | Tislelizumab + carboplatin + pemetrexed (n=40) | Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + paclitaxel (n=62) | Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel (n=14) | Tislelizumab + carboplatin + paclitaxel (n=31))
Patients continuing on treatment, n (%) 13 (31.7) | 12 (30.0) | 21 (33.9) | 6 (42.9) | 10 (32.3)
Follow-up time, median (95% CI), months 18.5 (14.3-20.1) | 18.4 (15.0-20.5) | 17.6 (15.5-19.8) | 18.6 (16.9-20.5) | 16.2 (13.9-17.5)
Doses administered, median (range), n 14.0 (1-30) | 10.0 (1-30) | 11.5 (1-34) | 14.0 (2-29) | 11.0 (1-29)
Table 3. Best overall response (Part 1: Non-squamous NSCLC: Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + pemetrexed | Tislelizumab + carboplatin + pemetrexed; Part 2: Squamous NSCLC: Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + paclitaxel | Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel | Tislelizumab + carboplatin + paclitaxel)
Patients evaluable, n 40 | 38 | 57 | 13 | 31
Confirmed ORR, % (95% CI) 77.5 (61.5-89.2) | 44.7 (28.6-61.7) | 80.7 (68.1-90.0) | 69.2 (38.6-90.9) | 67.7 (48.6-83.3)
CR 0 | 0 | 1 (1.8) | 0 | 0
PR 31 (77.5) | 17 (44.7) | 45 (78.9) | 9 (69.2) | 21 (67.7)
SD 8 (20.0) | 16 (42.1) | 10 (17.5) | 4 (30.8) | 9 (29.0)
Unconfirmed PR 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (7.7) | 0
PD 1 (2.5) | 4 (10.5) | 1 (1.8) | 0 | 1 (3.2)
NE 0 | 1 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | 0
Figure 3. Progression-free survival
Non-squamous NSCLC: Tivunatamig + chemo (n=41) events 23, median PFS 13.8 (8.0-15.0); Tislelizumab + chemo (n=40) events 22, median 9.7 (6.9-NE); curve annotations: 55% (37-69) [tivunatamig], 45% (28-60) [tislelizumab]
Squamous NSCLC: Tivunatamig + chemo (paclitaxel) (n=62) events 31, median 13.6 (7.8-NE); Tivunatamig + chemo (nab-paclitaxel) (n=14) events 7, median 13.4 (4.1-NE); Tislelizumab + chemo (n=31) events 21, median 8.3 (4.4-13.7); curve annotations: Paclitaxel: 50% (36-63); Nab-paclitaxel: 54% (25-76); 34% (17-52) [tislelizumab]
Safety results
• Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 55.8% of patients across all doses of tivunatamig + chemo vs 49.3% for tislelizumab + chemo (Table 4)
• At the tivunatamig 10 mg/kg dose level, grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 59.0% of patients; safety was consistent across non-squamous and squamous NSCLC
– The most common TRAEs were anemia (55%), decreased white blood cell count (43%), and decreased neutrophil count (40%) (Figure 4)
– Any-grade VEGF-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 56.4% of patients; grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 12.0% (Table 5)
• Occurrence of grade ≥3 hemorrhage and hemoptysis was low and similar across non-squamous and squamous histologies
– Immune-related AEs (irAEs) occurred in 16.2% of patients; grade ≥3 irAEs occurred in 6.8% (Table 5)
Table 4. Safety summary (Tivunatamig (all doses) + chemo (n=190) | Tivunatamig 10 mg/kg + chemo (n=117) | Tislelizumab + chemo (n=71))
Any grade 183 (96.3) | 116 (99.1) | 65 (91.5)
Grade ≥3 106 (55.8) | 69 (59.0) | 35 (49.3)
Grade 5 3 (1.6) | 3 (2.6) | 3 (4.2)
SAE 57 (30.0) | 38 (32.5) | 28 (39.4)
Leading to treatment delay 85 (44.7) | 58 (49.6) | 33 (46.5)
Leading to discontinuation 8 (4.2) | 7 (6.0) | 7 (9.9)
Circulating tumor DNA results
• In patients who received any dose of tivunatamig with detectable ctDNA at baseline and samples collected at C3D1 (n=126), 61.9% had ctDNA clearance at C3D1 (Figure 5)
• Median PFS was 16.4 months (95% CI, 10.6-not reached) for patients with ctDNA clearance at C3D1 vs 9.6 months (95% CI, 5.7-13.8) in those who did not clear ctDNA at C3D1
This study was originally sponsored by 3SBio; tivunatamig (PF-08634404 / SSGJ-707) was licensed to Pfizer in July 2025.
Presented at the ESMO Congress 2026 | October 23-27, 2026 | Madrid, Spain
Correspondence: Lin Wu
RC148 (ABBV-1480) monotherapy or in combination with docetaxel in first- or second-line advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable genomic alterations (AGA): updated results from a Phase 1/2 study
Jinming Yu, Yuping Sun, Qing Wen, Meili Sun, Bihui Li, Yun Fan, Xia Song, Zhiyong He, Qichuan Wang, Yan Yu, Wei Zheng, Xiaoyan Li, Siyuan Huang, Runxiang Yang, Juan Li, Yongchang Zhang, Xin Lu, Guoguang Ma, Michael M. Shi, Jianmin Fang
Background
• RC148 (ABBV-1480) is a novel investigational bispecific antibody with a differentiated molecular design for dual targeting of PD-1 and VEGF.
• RC148 has demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity and manageable safety as first-line (1L) monotherapy in patients with PD-L1-positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, and in combination with docetaxel in patients without AGA who are previously treated with a PD-(L)1 inhibitor and platinum-based chemotherapy based on previous analysis of a Phase 1/2 study (NCT06016062).
• We report here the updated efficacy and safety results with extended follow-up. The data cutoff date for this analysis was August 22, 2026.
Methods
Figure 1. Study design
Key Eligibility Criteria: • Locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC • Measurable target lesion as per RECIST v1.1 • ECOG performance status of 0-1
1L NSCLC • PD-L1 TPS ≥1%: N=22 RC148 (20 mg/kg) monotherapy
Previously treated NSCLC • Without AGA • Prior treatment with PD-(L)1 inhibitor and platinum-based chemotherapy: R 1:1 N=21 RC148 (10 mg/kg) + Docetaxel (75 mg/m²); N=21 RC148 (20 mg/kg) + Docetaxel (75 mg/m²)
• All study drugs were administered IV Q3W. Treatment was continued until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, consent withdrawal, or initiation of new anti-cancer treatment, or for up to 24 months (mo), whichever occurred first.
• Tumors were assessed as per RECIST v1.1 at baseline and thereafter every 6 weeks until disease progression, consent withdrawal, or initiation of new anti-cancer treatment, whichever occurred first.
Primary endpoint • ORR assessed by investigators as per RECIST v1.1, and safety
Efficacy Results – 1L NSCLC
Patients
• 22 patients were enrolled (median age: 65.0 years; sqNSCLC: 54.5%; clinical stage IV: 63.6%). The median follow-up duration was 15.61 mo (IQR: 9.20-17.35); 6 (27.3%) patients remained on treatment.
Antitumor activity
• The confirmed ORR (cORR) was 57.1% (95% CI: 34.0-78.2) among the 21 patients with at least one post-baseline tumor assessment. Durable tumor response was observed in all patients (median DoR: 12.52 mo [95% CI: 4.14-NE]) and across subgroups.
Figure 2. Spider plot of tumor change in 1L NSCLC
sqNSCLC (N = 12) | nsqNSCLC (N = 9) | TPS 1%-49% (N = 13) | TPS ≥50% (N = 9)
cORR (95% CI) 63.6 (30.8-89.1) | 44.4 (13.7-78.8) | 50.0 (21.1-78.9) | 66.7 (29.9-92.5)
Median DoR (95% CI), mo 12.52 (4.14-NE) | NR | 12.52 (4.14-NE) | NR
PFS
• PFS data was immature, with 10 (45.5%) events reported. The median PFS was 15.21 mo in all patients, and the PFS benefit was consistently observed in the subgroups.
Figure 3. PFS in 1L NSCLC
Median PFS: 15.21 mo (95% CI: 6.87-NE)
15-mo rate 58.9% (95% CI: 34.3-77.0)
No. at risk RC148 20 mg/kg 22 18 17 14 13 11 1
sqNSCLC (N = 12) | nsqNSCLC (N = 9) | TPS 1%-49% (N = 13) | TPS ≥50% (N = 9)
Median PFS (95% CI), mo 12.62 (2.76-NE) | NR | 15.21 (6.87-NE) | NR
15-mo PFS rate (95% CI) 45.5 (16.7-70.7) | 87.5 (38.7-98.1) | 64.8 (31.0-85.2) | 50.0 (15.2-77.5)
Efficacy Results – Previously Treated NSCLC
Patients
• 21 patients were randomized to each group (median age: 61.0 vs 66.0 years for the 10 vs 20 mg/kg groups; sqNSCLC: 52.4% vs 66.7%; stage IV: 95.2% vs 85.7%). The median follow-up was 16.33 mo (IQR: 8.61-17.68).
Antitumor activity
• In a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI)-experienced setting, the 20 mg/kg group exhibited higher cORR versus the 10 mg/kg group (66.7% [95% CI: 43.0-85.4] vs 33.3% [95% CI: 14.6-57.0]), with durable response observed (median DoR: 8.38 mo [95% CI: 5.65-12.68] vs not reached).
Figure 4. Spider plot of tumor change in previously treated NSCLC
RC148 (20 mg/kg) + Docetaxel: sqNSCLC (N = 14) | nsqNSCLC (N = 7) | TPS <1% (N = 11) | TPS ≥1% (N = 10)
cORR (95% CI) 64.3 (35.1-87.2) | 71.4 (29.0-96.3) | 54.5 (23.4-83.3) | 80.0 (44.4-97.5)
Median DoR (95% CI), mo 8.38 (4.07-12.68) | NR | 6.98 (4.07-NE) | 12.68 (5.65-NE)
PFS
• In a CPI-experienced setting, the 20 mg/kg group achieved a longer median PFS than the 10 mg/kg group (8.48 vs 5.82 mo), with promising benefit observed across subgroups.
Figure 5. PFS in previously treated NSCLC
RC148 (10 mg/kg) +Docetaxel (N = 21) Median PFS (95% CI), mo 5.82 (4.14-11.37); RC148 (20 mg/kg) +Docetaxel (N = 21) 8.48 (5.98-12.45)
No. at risk 10 mg/kg group 21 19 10 7 6 6 2; 20 mg/kg group 21 17 14 9 6 3
RC148 (20 mg/kg) + Docetaxel: sqNSCLC (N = 14) | nsqNSCLC (N = 7) | TPS <1% (N = 11) | TPS ≥1% (N = 10)
Median PFS (95% CI), mo 7.16 (2.99-12.45) | 10.35 (8.28-NE) | 7.16 (2.86-11.14) | 11.88 (7.13-NE)
Safety Results – Overall
Safety
• The safety profiles for both RC148 monotherapy and RC148 in combination with docetaxel were consistent with the previous report.
• RC148 in combination with docetaxel did not increase the overall safety risk as compared with docetaxel monotherapy.
• The most common (incidence ≥10.0%) grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) for monotherapy were hypertension and proteinuria; for combination therapy were neutrophil count decreased and white blood cell count decreased.
• Most VEGF- and immune-related TRAEs were grade 1-2 and were consistent with previous report.
Table 1. Safety summary, n (%): 1L NSCLC RC148 (20 mg/kg) Monotherapy (N = 22) | Previously treated NSCLC RC148 (10 mg/kg) + Docetaxel (N = 21) | RC148 (20 mg/kg) + Docetaxel (N = 21)
Any TRAE* 22 (100) | 21 (100) | 21 (100)
≥ Grade 3 14 (63.6) | 18 (85.7) | 16 (76.2)
Leading to treatment discontinuation 1 (4.5) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (19.0)
Leading to death 0 | 0 | 0
Any VEGF-related TRAEs 16 (72.7) | 9 (42.9) | 13 (61.9)
≥ Grade 3 9 (40.9) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (4.8)
Any immune-related TRAEs 17 (77.3) | 2 (9.5) | 9 (42.9)
≥ Grade 3 6 (27.3) | 0 | 1 (4.8)
*Related to any study drug
Conclusion
• RC148, alone and with docetaxel, showed durable efficacy and manageable safety in advanced NSCLC, supporting pivotal studies.
• In a CPI-experienced setting, NSCLC 20 mg/kg seems to provide superior efficacy as compared to 10 mg/kg and needs further investigation, while 10 mg/kg is RP3D in 1L NSCLC.
• RC148 is being evaluated in three Phase 3 studies in NSCLC, both in China and globally (RC148-C301: NCT07416474; RC148-C304: NCT07829549; AMUR-Lung-01: NCT07756645).
Contact and Funding • Presenting author: Dr. Jinming Yu • Funding: This study was sponsored by RemeGen Co., Ltd., Yantai, China.
Abstract FPN: 2669P. Presented at the European Society For Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress, October 23–27, 2026, Madrid, Spain.
Young Kwang Chae, MD, MPH, MBA@youngkwangchae
1) Slide: ABBV-706 SEZ6-targeted ADC in relapsed/refractory SCLC - title slide · 2) Mechanism of action: ABBV-706 mechanism: first-in-class SEZ6-targeting ADC · 3) Trial design schema: ABBV-706 FIH phase 1 design and published results at 1.8 · 4) Biomarker data: ABBV-706 conclusions: SEZ6 expression, ctDNA clearance, SEZanne
Noteworthy presentation at #ESMO2026 by Dr. @Annechiangmd on ABBV-706, a first-in-class SEZ6-targeted Topo I inhibitor ADC for relapsed/refractory small cell lung cancer (R/R SCLC)! 🧬✨
📊 Key Findings (1.8 mg/kg RP2D, n=41):
• ORR: 56%
• mPFS: 6.4 months (95% CI 4.0–8.1)
• mOS: 12.4 months (95% CI 8.2–17.3)
• Biomarker: SEZ6 is highly expressed in SCLC, stable across Lines of Therapy (LoT).
• ctDNA: Clearance associated with improvements in PFS & OS.
Promising clinical benefit in R/R SCLC, supporting ongoing Phase 2 (SEZAnne) and Phase 3 (SEZAnne-02) trials! 👏
#OncoTwitter #SCLC #LungCancer #Oncology #ESMO2026 #ADC #CancerResearch
[Slide 1]
ABBV-706: A First-in-Class SEZ6-Targeted Topoisomerase 1 Inhibitor Antibody-Drug Conjugate With Robust Antitumor Activity in Relapsed/Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer
Anne C. Chiang,1 Nadine Jahchan,2 Emily Faivre,2 Irene Lee,2 Lujia Wang,2 Klea Richardson,2 Axel Hernandez,2 Michael Barnes,2 Sheila Bheddah,2 Weilong Zhao,2 Lloyd T. Lam,2 Song Wang,2 Tammy Palenski,2 Daniel Martins,2 Noura Choudhury,3 Alissa J. Cooper,4 Afshin Dowlati,5 Lauren Byers,6 Luis Paz-Ares7
1Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; 2AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA; 3Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Thoracic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; 5University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 6University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; 7Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), 23-27 October 2026, Madrid, Spain [DV-020855]
[Slide 2]
ABBV-706 is a first-in-class SEZ6-targeting ADC being evaluated in ES-SCLC
ABBV-706 is a first-in-class SEZ6-targeting ADC
- Relapsed SCLC is a highly aggressive disease with poor outcomes and limited effective treatment options following first-line platinum-based chemoimmunotherapy1,2
- SEZ6, is a neuroendocrine lineage marker overexpressed in SCLC with limited expression in normal tissues,3-5 and still expressed across molecular subtypes6
- ABBV-706 is a first-in-class ADC consisting of a SEZ6-targeting monoclonal antibody conjugated via a stable linker to a potent Top1i payload (adizutecan)7
EXTRACELLULAR SPACE
Potent topoisomerase 1i payload (Adizutecan)
Linker (Joins antibody and cytotoxin)
ABBV-706
SEZ6 Antibody
SEZ6 Protein
TUMOR CELL
DNA Damage
Here, we characterize SEZ6 as a clinical biomarker for SCLC in the ongoing FIH phase 1 study in patients with R/R SCLC treated with ABBV-706 at the RP2D of 1.8 mg/kg Q3W
[Slide 3]
ABBV-706 FIH phase 1 study design and published results
Phase 1 R/R ES-SCLCa
- Prior platinum-etoposide chemotherapy and/or immuno-oncology regimens
- Prior treated or untreated stable brain metastases were eligible
- History of ILD/pneumonitis requiring treatment or active disease were excluded
Total monotherapy patient population: ABBV-706 1.3-3.5 mg/kg (N=124)
1.8 mg/kg RP2D for monotherapy
ABBV-706 1.8 mg/kg as 2L+ (n=41)
IV Q3W in 21-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Key Endpoints
Safety, ORR, PFS, OS, SEZ6 by IHC
Key Methods1
- Archival or fresh tissue biopsy at screening
- SEZ6 IHC (AbbVie proprietary assay)
- Plasma ctDNA and serum proGRP were collected at baseline, start of each cycle 1-4, odd cycles thereafter, and end of treatment
- The Guardant INFINITY ctDNA assay (Guardant Health) was used to monitor methylation-based tumor fraction responses
- proGRP was used to monitor tumor response using the Roche Cobas electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (LabCorp)
Patient Characteristics 1.8 mg/kg (n=41)1
Median age, years (range) 64 (48-85)
Median prior LoT, n (range) 2 (1-6)
Brain mets at baseline 39% (n=16)
Chemo-free interval 61% (<90 days) 27% (<30 days)
Results 1.8 mg/kg (n=41)1
Safety Grade ≥3
All TRAEs 88% (n=36)
Anemia 42% (n=17)
Neutropenia 20% (n=8)
Efficacyb
ORR 56% (n=23)
mPFS 6.4 months (4.0-8.1)
mOS 12.4 months (8.2-17.3)
1. Byers LA, et al. Nat Med. 2026;32(8):2898-2908. aClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05599984. bSimilar efficacy was observed in the ITT and biomarker eligible populations.
[Slide 4]
Conclusions
SEZ6 is highly expressed in SCLC, stable across LoT, and not correlated with response rates or hematological adverse events following ABBV-706 monotherapy
The immunomodulatory effects induced by the adizutecan payload support the mechanistic rationale for combining ABBV-706 with PD-L1 in the ongoing phase 2 1L SCLC SEZanne studya
ctDNA clearance is associated with improvements in PFS and OS following ABBV-706 monotherapy
ABBV-706 monotherapy has demonstrated promising clinical benefit, with biomarker and preclinical data supporting SEZ6 as a therapeutic target in SCLC; the phase 3 SEZanne-02 studyb in patients with R/R SCLC previously treated with tarlatamab is ongoing
AbbVie Inc. and the authors thank the participants, study sites, and investigators who participated in this clinical trial.
Medical writing support was provided by Atreju Lackey, PhD, and Andrey Verendeev, PhD, of Avalere Health Global Ltd, which was funded by AbbVie.
QR code expiration: September 27, 2027
aClinicalTrials.gov. NCT07155174. bClinicalTrials.gov. NCT07365241.
Hidehito HORINOUCHI@HHorinouchi
Slide: Poster 2635P - telisotuzumab adizutecan (Temab-A) in EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC with brain
🆙#ESMO26 Poster: #LCSM
🔥Telisotuzumab Adizutecan (Temab-A) for EGFR-Mutated (Mut) Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSQ NSCLC): Post Hoc Analysis From a Phase 1 First-in-Human (FIH) Study in Patients (Pts) With Brain Metastases (BMs)
🎙️Dr. Judith Raimbourg
🔢2635P
🎯Pts With Baseline BMs (n=19)
🎯Systemic ORR 79%, Median PFS 13.6mo
🎯IRC-Assessed Intracranial ORR 37% (3 CRs in Non-Target Lesions)
🎯Median Intracranial DOR 19.8mo
☑️NCT05029882
🔗 https://t.co/E4IJKpfyA3
@OncoAlert @Larvol @myESMO @IASLC @EGFRResisters
2635P
Telisotuzumab Adizutecan (Temab-A) for EGFR Mutated Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Post Hoc Analysis From a Phase 1 First-in-Human Study in Patients With Brain Metastases
Judith Raimbourg, D Ross Camidge, Tae Min Kim, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Jonathan Goldman, Takako Eguchi Nakajima, Byoung Chul Cho, Ki Hyeong Lee, Iván Victoria, Enriqueta Felip, Zoë Hunter, Kristiyana Kaneva, Rui Li, Adam Luo, Tony Navas, Dae Ho Lee
OBJECTIVE
To assess the safety and efficacy of telisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400, Temab-A) from a Phase 1 first-in-human study in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRmut) non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases (BMs)
CONCLUSIONS
Temab-A induced deep and durable intracranial responses in patients with EGFRmut non-squamous NSCLC and brain metastases, with an intracranial ORR of 37% and median intracranial PFS of 8.2 months
Systemic responses in patients with brain metastases are encouraging, with median PFS and OS of 13.6 and 19.5 months, respectively
The safety profile was consistent with the broader Temab-A profile observed in non-squamous NSCLC as well as other tumor types
Study findings support further evaluation of Temab-A in patients with metastatic disease and intracranial involvement
BACKGROUND
• Increased c-Met protein (also known as MET protein) expression is common in solid tumors, including NSCLC, and is linked to poor clinical outcomes
• Telisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400; Temab-A) is an antibody-drug conjugate comprising the c-Met–targeting antibody telisotuzumab conjugated to a novel potent topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload, adizutecan (Figure 1)
• In an ongoing Phase 1 study (NCT05029882), Temab-A monotherapy showed manageable safety and promising efficacy with an objective response rate of 63%, a median progression-free survival of 10.9 months, and a median overall survival of 16.2 months in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC and EGFRmut tumors
• Herein, we present a post hoc, exploratory subgroup analysis of patients with stable BMs and EGFRmut NSCLC from this study
METHODS
• Three cohorts were pooled to identify 51 patients with EGFRmut NSCLC who had both baseline and on-treatment imaging
• Of these, an Independent Review Committee identified 19 patients (37%) with BMs at baseline
• Patients with a history of BMs were eligible to enroll provided they showed clinical and radiographic stability for at least 14 days after prior radiotherapy
Study Design (NCT05029882)
RESULTS
• Among the 19 patients with BMs, median follow-up was 28.2 months
• Baseline characteristics in the patients with BMs were generally consistent with the study population, with some imbalances in sex, race, prior osimertinib use, and MET amplification
Baseline Clinical Characteristics in Patients With and Without Brain Metastases (Baseline BMs n=19 | No Baseline BMs n=32 | Total N=51)
Median age (range), years | 60 (45–79) | 63 (43–81) | 63 (43–81)
Median number of prior lines of therapy, n (range) | 3.0 (1–6) | 3.0 (1–8) | 3.0 (1–8)
Type of prior TKI use, Osimertinib | 10 (53) | 26 (81) | 36 (71)
Prior RT to brain, Yes | 13 (68) | 3 (9) | 16 (31)
MET amplification, Amplified | 9 (47) | 7 (22) | 16 (31)
Efficacy Outcomes in Patients With Brain Metastases Per Investigator (RECIST v1.1) and IRC (CNS-RECIST) Assessment
Baseline BMs (n=19): Investigator-assessed systemic outcomes Prior RT (n=13) | Overall (n=19); IRC-assessed intracranial outcomes Prior RT (n=13) | Overall (n=19)
ORR, n (%) [95% CI] | 10 (77) [46–95] | 15 (79) [54–94] | 3 (23) [5–54] | 7 (37) [16–62]
Confirmed BOR, n (%): CR | 0 | 0 | 2 (15) | 6 (32)
PR | 10 (77) | 15 (79) | 1 (8) | 1 (5)
SD | 3 (23) | 4 (21) | 4 (31) | 4 (21)
PD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
Non-CR/Non-PD | N/A | N/A | 6 (46) | 8 (42)
CBR12, n (%) [95% CI] | 11 (85) [55–98] | 17 (89) [67–99] | 9 (69) [39–91] | 15 (79) [54–94]
Median DOR [95% CI], months | 13.7 [2.2–14.3] | 13.5 [4.2–14.3] | 19.8 [2.2–NE] | 19.8 [2.2–NE]
Median PFS, months [95% CI] | 14.1 [3.5–15.4] | 13.6 [5.4–15.4] | 7.7 [3.9–15.6] | 8.2 [4.0–21.0]
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026
Intracranial Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Brain Metastases Per IRC (CNS RECIST) Assessment: Baseline BMs (n=19) Events, n 13; Median PFS, months (95% CI) 8.2 (4.0–21.0)
Best Percent Change in Sum of Target Lesion Measurements From Baseline in Patients With Brain Metastases Per IRC CNS-RECIST Assessment
• Although small sample size limits interpretation, among the 3 patients with CR in target lesions per IRC CNS-RECIST assessment, 2 had MET amplification and all 3 were 3+, ≥25% c-Met expression by IHC (supplemental information accessible via the QR code)
Percent Change in Target Lesion Measurement From Baseline Over Time in Patients With Brain Metastases Per IRC
Overall Survival in Patients With Brain Metastases: Baseline BMs (n=19) Death, n 12; Median OS, months (95% CI) 19.5 (7.7–NE)
Summary of Safety and Duration of Treatment (Baseline BMs n=19 | No Baseline BMs n=32 | Total N=51)
Median duration of treatment (range), months | 13.8 (2.3–26.9) | 10.8 (1.4–38.6) | 11.2 (1.4–38.6)
TRAEs, n (%) | 19 (100) | 32 (100) | 51 (100)
Grade ≥3 TRAEs, n (%) | 14 (74) | 20 (63) | 34 (67)
Serious TRAEs, n (%) | 4 (21) | 6 (19) | 10 (20)
TRAEs leading to discontinuation, n (%) | 1 (5) | 5 (16) | 6 (12)
TRAEs leading to dose interruption, n (%) | 10 (53) | 21 (66) | 31 (61)
TRAEs leading to dose reduction, n (%) | 8 (42) | 18 (56) | 26 (51)
TRAEs leading to death, n (%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 1 (2)
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026.
• The safety profile in patients with baseline BMs was generally consistent with that of the overall population
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Annual Meeting, October 23–27, 2026, Madrid (Spain).
Mercedes Herrera@mer_herreraMD
1) Slide: ISM6331 (TEAD inhibitor) demonstrates antitumor activity across dose cohorts in heavily · 2) Response data: Case series: two mesothelioma patients (50 mg and 130 mg cohorts) with partial
TEAD inhibition keeps showing activity in #mesothelioma 🎯
#ISM6331 monotherapy at #ESMO26: • ORR 18% (4/22), 40% at 130 mg • DCR 68%; 3/4 PRs ongoing, 1 lasting ~1 yr • PRs in 5L–6L patients
Open question remains: do we need a biomarker to make this even better? https://t.co/8xgoRbghTj
[Slide 1]
Leptomeningeal Metastasis (LM) - update
BLOOM study with Osimertinib, 41 patients with cytologically confirmed LM received 160 mg daily:
• LM objective response rate by blinded central review: 62%.
• Median PFS: 8.6 months.
• Median OS: 11.0 months.
• Confirmed CSF tumour-cell clearance: 28%.
TBCRC049 — Phase II: Tucatinib + trastuzumab + capecitabine; 17 women with newly diagnosed HER2-positive LM.
• Median OS 10.0 months
• Time to CNS progression 6.9 months
• Neurological improvement (7/12 evaluable) 58%
• Composite LM response rate was 38% among 13 evaluable patients.
• Therapeutic tucatinib concentrations were demonstrated in CSF.
PMID: 31809241 PMID: 41851506
[Slide 3]
Solid Metastasis – NSCLC: molecularly directed CNS therapy
• EGFR-mutant: osimertinib-based therapy; combination strategies have relevant CNS efficacy.
• ALK-positive: lorlatinib and other CNS-active ALK inhibitors can achieve durable intracranial control.
• RET, ROS1, METex14, NTRK: evaluate CNS-specific evidence rather than systemic response alone.
• For asymptomatic, non-threatening lesions, systemic-first therapy with close MRI monitoring may be appropriate.
[Slide 4]
Solid Metastasis – melanoma immunotherapy
51% Intracranial response — ipilimumab/nivolumab (ABC trial)
42% 7-year intracranial PFS
48% 7-year overall survival
• Combination immunotherapy can produce durable intracranial disease control.
• Evidence is strongest for asymptomatic, immunotherapy-naïve patients.
• Cave: Corticosteroid requirement and neurological symptoms
• -> Balance immunotherapy benefit against the need for urgent local therapy and steroid exposure.
PMID: 39978875
David Heredia.@HerediaOncologo
1) Trial design schema: FLAURA2 study design - plasma EGFRm dynamics analysis (David Planchard) · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2: PFS by Week 3 and Week 6 plasma EGFRm clearance status
ESMO 2026 |
FLAURA2 plasma EGFR Dynamics
EGFRm clearance was not predictive of PFS or OS benefit.
Efficacy of Osimertinib + chemotherapy was superior to osimertinib regardless of early EGFRm clearance status https://t.co/LT2Bd17Fnm
[Slide 2]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
FLAURA2 study design1
Scan QR code to view slides and supplementary material [QR code]
Patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC (N=557)
Key inclusion criteria:
• Aged ≥18 years (Japan: ≥20 years)
• Pathologically confirmed non-squamous NSCLC
• Ex19del / L858R (local / central test)
• WHO PS 0 / 1
• No prior systemic therapy for advanced NSCLC
• Stable CNS metastases were allowed
• Brain scan at baseline (MRI / CT; mandatory)
R 1:1*
Osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 + carboplatin AUC5 or cisplatin 75 mg/m2 (Q3W for 4 cycles of plat-based Tx) -> Maintenance osimertinib 80 mg (QD) + pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 (Q3W)†
Osi 80 mg (QD)†
• Primary endpoint: PFS (by investigator) per RECIST 1.1
• Key secondary endpoint: OS
• Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS) and 12 June 2025 (OS)
Exploratory endpoint: Correlation of plasma EGFRm clearance at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 with PFS and OS to understand if monitoring ctDNA dynamics at earlier timepoints can be used to predict outcomes
Plasma sample collection: Baseline, Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 6 -> Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6 plasma samples‡ from both treatment arms analysed by ddPCR (Biodesix)
FLAURA2 (NCT04035486) is a global, open-label, Phase III study. We acknowledge the potential presence of immortal time bias of analysing PFS and OS (measured from randomisation) by post-baseline subgroup as patients would need to remain progression-free or alive until Week 1, 2, 3 and 6 to be assessed in that subgroup.
1. Planchard D, et al. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1935-1948.
[Remaining footnotes and abbreviations in small print - partially legible: stratification by race (Asian Chinese / Asian non-Chinese / non-Asian), EGFR test (local / central) and WHO PS (0 / 1); plasma sample schedule details]
David Planchard, MD, PhD
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
[Slide 4]
08:30 - 10:00 Rapid oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
CHAIRS: PASI A. JÄNNE, XIUNING LE, EGBERT SMIT
PFS improved with osi + plat-pem versus osi mono irrespective of Week 3 and 6 plasma EGFRm clearance status
[4 KM panels; Y: Probability of PFS; X: Time from randomisation (months) 0-36]
Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 3 - No. at risk (0,6,12,18,24,30,36): osi + plat-pem 88 79 69 53 26 12 0; osi mono 100 90 65 37 19 10 0
No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 3 - No. at risk: osi + plat-pem 21 16 12 9 4 2 0; osi mono 40 22 18 10 6 3 0
Week 3 table: mPFS (95% CI), months | Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat-pem | 27.6 (21.0, NR) | 19.6 (10.1, NR)
Osi mono | 15.2 (13.6, 19.3) | 11.1 (5.6, 16.5)
HR (95% CI) | 0.51 (0.35, 0.75) | 0.62 (0.33, 1.14)
Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 6 - No. at risk: osi + plat-pem 92 83 70 53 28 14 0; osi mono 122 110 83 48 26 12 0
No Plasma EGFRm clearance at Week 6 - No. at risk: osi + plat-pem 13 10 6 5 1 0 0; osi mono 15 3 3 1 0 0 0
Week 6 table: mPFS (95% CI), months | Clearance | No clearance
Osi + plat-pem | 27.6 (22.0, NR) | 11.8 (5.1, 22.1)
Osi mono | 16.4 (13.8, 19.4) | 5.4 (1.6, 5.7)
HR (95% CI) | 0.54 (0.38, 0.77) | 0.39 (0.16, 0.94)
Data cut-off: 03 April 2023 (PFS).
HRs were calculated using an unstratified Cox proportional hazards model. Clearance was defined as undetected plasma EGFRm (Ex19del, L858R) at Week 1, 2, 3, or 6, where it was detected at baseline.
CI, confidence interval; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFRm, EGFR mutation; Ex19del, Exon 19 deletion; HR, hazard ratio; m, median; mono, monotherapy; NR, not reached; osi, osimertinib; pem, pemetrexed; PFS, progression-free survival; plat, platinum.
David Planchard, MD, PhD
ALMERIA AUDITORIUM - HALL 9
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS (investigator) by Week 3 plasma EGFRm clearance - clearance subgroup (other subgroups in notes)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Osi + plat-pem (Week 3 clearance) | 88 | 27.6 | 21.0, NR
Osi mono (Week 3 clearance) | 100 | 15.2 | 13.6, 19.3
HR: 0.51
HR CI: 0.35, 0.75
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
1) Slide: Tobacco, women and lung cancer: a delayed epidemic and a screening gap (Prof. Pilar Garrido) · 2) Slide: Risk factors in lung cancer II: lung cancer in never smokers (Prof. Pilar Garrido) · 3) Slide: Sex differences in lung cancer survival (Prof. Pilar Garrido) - review slide with embedded
Disparities in lung cancer
• women maybe more susceptible to tobacco
• genetic risk like egfr mutation, more common in women
• sex differences in lung cancer survival : women consistently show better survival than men
#ESMO26 https://t.co/p7BVM1MmH9
[Slide 1]
Tobacco, women and lung cancer: a delayed epidemic and a screening gap
Tobacco remains the leading preventable risk factor for lung cancer.1
Globally, rates of smoking continue to increase among women.
The pattern is shifting, in 2020, female incidence surpassed males in the USA
Screening gap3. NLST enrolled 59% men and NELSON about 16% women4,5
Screening criteria may miss women at risk based on age and pack-year thresholds while screening effectiveness appears less certain for SCLC.
Women may be more susceptible to tobacco. Differences in carcinogen-metabolizing pathways, including CYP1A1-mediated activation and GSTM1-mediated detoxification, higher levels of tobacco-related DNA adducts, and possibly less efficient DNA repair3.
[Right panel] Trends in tobacco consumption and lung cancer mortality by sex in the United States, [line chart; small labels illegible]
Life Magazine 1939, Sponsor Philip Morris & Co [historical photograph]
Sex trends and outcomes in SCLC in Spain2 [small chart; text illegible]
1 American Cancer Society, The Cancer Atlas, 2025 · 2 Garrido P, ASCO 2026 · 3MolenaD, Garrido P, JTOCR 2026; 4de Koning HJ, NEJM 2020 · 5 NLST Research Team, NEJM 2011
Prof. Pilar Garrido
[Slide 2]
Risk factors in lung cancer II
Lung cancer in never smokers: an important and distinct clinical entity
Never smokers
• Two-thirds of cases occur in women, most commonly in East Asian populations
• Never smokers: >55% of Asian and >30% of Hispanic women with NSCLC in the USA
• Younger patients are more likely to be never smokers
• 8th leading cause of cancer death in the USA, 5th worldwide
Genetic risk
• Familial lung cancer: germline EGFR T790M, HER2, BRCA2, CHEK2, MET and YAP1 mutations
• More common in women
Environmental risk
• Indoor air pollution (solid fuels, high-temperature frying): higher risk in women
• Second-hand smoke: higher risk after living ≥30 years with a smoker
• Air pollution: women potentially more susceptible1
Estimated number of global deaths attributed to 37 cancer types in 2020 [horizontal bar chart; labels illegible] LoPiccolo J, Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024
[Diagram: RISK FACTORS - ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE, SECOND-HAND TOBACCO EXPOSURE, FAMILY HISTORY, AIR POLLUTION]
1Alhattab R, BMJ 2025
Prof. Pilar Garrido
[Slide 3]
Sex differences in lung cancer survival
Women consistently show better survival than men
Early stages
• Surgery: lower risk of death in women (HR 0.73)1
• Absolute survival difference at 1, 5 and 10 years: 3.0%, 10% and 12%1
• Large registry (n = 33,790): advantage persists after adjustment (stage I-II adenocarcinoma, HR 0.74)2
Advanced stages
• Male sex represents an independent, negative prognostic factor in NSCLC2
Is the magnitude of benefit with IO sex dependent?
• Some data from meta-analyses of RCTs suggest a different benefit by sex3-4
• Men: large benefit with ICIs alone versus control, even in NSCLC with PD-L1 >50%
• Women: large benefit with ICIs + chemotherapy
• Another meta-analysis of 23 RCTs in advanced solid tumors does not find a sex difference in OS from IO5
OS KM curves stratified by sex from surgery1 [four small KM panels: Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell cancer, Stage IA and IB, Stage IIA and IIB; numbers illegible]
HR death according to patients' sex: 1L NSCLC4 [forest plot A/B; text illegible]
Death HR according to patients' sex, pooled analysis3 [forest plot; text illegible]
Differences in efficacy of immunotherapy in men and women by subgroups5 [Table 2. Differences in Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Men and Women by Subgroups; Overall row partially legible: 23 studies, Men 9322, Women 4399, 0.75 (0.69-0.81), 0.77 (0.67-0.88), I2 38, P .60; remaining rows too small to transcribe reliably]
1Sachs F, Chest 2021 · 2Radkiewicz C, PLoS One 2019 · 3Conforti F, Lancet Oncol 2018 · 4Conforti F, ESMO Open 2021 · 5Wallis CJD, JAMA Oncol 2019
Prof. Pilar Garrido
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
1) Kaplan-Meier survival data: FLAURA2 PFS by baseline plasma EGFRm detection: osi + plat-pem vs osi · 2) Biomarker data: FLAURA2 pooled ctDNA set: baseline-detected vs non-detected plasma EGFRm PFS
#FLAURA2 analysis of CTDNA analysis @dplanchard #ESMO26
• baseline detected plasma EGFRm correlated with shorter PFS https://t.co/QnChXWz8Vq
@dplanchard • plasma EGFR clearance was prognostic but not predictive
• combi tx > osi mono regardless of plasma EGFR clearance status
#ESMO26 https://t.co/gMIrj6wviI
Conclusions
• On-treatment plasma EGFRm clearance was prognostic, but not predictive of PFS or OS benefit with osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed at all timepoints using a single-gene assay
• Plasma EGFRm clearance rates were comparable across treatment arms at each timepoint
• Studies using ultra-sensitive multi-marker ctDNA assays are planned to investigate if early ctDNA dynamics beyond plasma EGFRm can serve as a predictive biomarker
[Banner] Efficacy of osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed was superior to osimertinib monotherapy regardless of plasma EGFRm clearance status, reinforcing osimertinib + platinum–pemetrexed as a preferred first-line treatment option for EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC
Oriol Mirallas MD@DrMirallas
1) Slide: LIBRETTO-531 updated results title slide: selpercatinib vs cabozantinib or vandetanib · 2) Trial design schema: LIBRETTO-531 study design: selpercatinib vs cabozantinib or vandetanib · 3) Kaplan-Meier survival data: LIBRETTO-531 overall survival: selpercatinib vs cabozantinib
#ESMO26
🚀 LIBRETTO-531 is a randomized phase 3 study comparing 1L selpercatinib vs physician’s choice of Cabozantinib or Vandetinib
🗣️ @Ja_Capdevila
📌 OS at 48m is 87.1 vs 66.8% HR 0.338
📌 PFS at 48m 67.4 vs 20.4% HR 0.205
☣️ gran, deu mouth, diarrhea
@OncoAlert @myESMO @ASCO @_SEOM @UTMDAnderson @NEJM @brunolarvol
👇🏽👇🏽
[Slide 1]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
Updated Results of Randomized Phase 3 Study of Selpercatinib vs Cabozantinib or Vandetanib (C/V) in Advanced, Kinase Inhibitor-Naïve, RET-mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC)
LIBRETTO-531 (NCT04211337)
Jaume Capdevila, Marcia S. Brose, Bruce Robinson, Rossella Elisei, Eric Sherman, Ana O. Hoff, Mimi I. Hu, Makoto Tahara, Ming Gao, Barbara Jarzab, Dagmar Fuehrer-Sakel, Bhumsuk Keam, Fernanda Vaisman, Yu Wang, Jonathan Wadsley, Marcus Ngantcha, Patricia Maeda, Rob O'Shea, Lori Wirth, Julien Hadoux
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB Quiron-Teknon, Barcelona, Spain
26 October 2026
[Slide 2]
LIBRETTO-531 Study Design
Data cut off: 12 February 2026
Key Eligibility Criteria
• Unresectable locally advanced or metastatic RET-mutant MTC
• No prior treatment with kinase inhibitors
• Documented RECIST 1.1 PD within 14 months (centrally reviewed)
• RET mutation identified via NGS or PCR
Stratification Factors
• Mutation status (M918T vs other)
• Physician's choice of treatment if randomized to control arm, with declared intent before randomization
2:1
Selpercatinib (160 mg BID) N=193
Physician's choice of Cabozantinib (140 mg QD) or Vandetanib (300 mg QD) N=98
Optional Crossover
Selpercatinib (160 mg BID) N=43
Primary endpoint: PFS per RECIST 1.1 by BICR
Secondary endpoints:
• Efficacy (TFFS¹ by BICR and investigator, PFS by investigator, ORR by BICR and investigator, and OS)
• Safety
LIBRETTO-531 final update analysis
Overall survival analysis was to be performed six years after first patient visit. Endpoints included OS, PFS by investigator, PFS2, and safety (including TEAEs, dose modifications, treatment discontinuations).
LIBRETTO-531 trial (NCT04211337). ¹TFFS was tested conditionally on achieving statistical significance for PFS, adjusted for multiplicity and tested against a two-sided significance level of 0.05. BICR, blinded Independent Central Review; NGS, next-generation sequencing; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PFS, progression-free survival; TFFS, treatment failure-free survival; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival, PD, progressive disease.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
[Slide 3]
LIBRETTO-531 Overall Survival
Overall Survival Probability
Time from randomization (months)
Selpercatinib
Cab or Van
No. Patients No. Events Median Follow-up Months (95% CI)
Selpercatinib 193 23 45.4 (43.3, 47.4)
Cab or Van 98 28 47.0 (43.7, 50.7)
HR (95% CI) 0.338 (0.194, 0.587) P-value <0.0001
87.1%
66.8%
No. at Risk
With a median follow-up of 45 months, overall survival favored selpercatinib over the cabozantinib or vandetanib group
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with a Cox proportional-hazards model, with stratification according to trial group (selpercatinib vs. control). Two-sided P values were calculated with a log-rank test, with stratification according to trial group. Tick marks indicate censored data. Patients in the control group were permitted to cross over to selpercatinib following BICR-confirmed disease progression.
Jaume Capdevila, MD, PhD
Survival table
Endpoint: OS
Selpercatinib | 193
Cabozantinib or Vandetanib | 98
HR: 0.338
HR CI: 0.194, 0.587
P: <0.0001
48 months (dashed line): Selpercatinib 87.1% vs Cab or Van 66.8% (printed labels)
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Slide: When should we order plasma genotyping for patients with advanced NSCLC? (Natasha B. Leighl)
Guidelines are recommending a complementary approach (liquid + tissue)
#ESMO26 https://t.co/zGkE82cXc9
When should we order plasma genotyping for patients with advanced NSCLC?
Diagnostic approach in newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC
Sequential approach → Tissue NGS → If unsuccessful → Plasma NGS; If successful → Start treatment
Complementary approach → Concurrent tissue and plasma NGS testing (tissue scant or time limited) → Start treatment
Plasma-first approach → Plasma NGS (tissue not available) → If unsuccessful → Reflex tissue testing; If successful → Start treatment
cfDNA: cell free DNA; NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer V.5.2026; *ESMO, ASCO recommend RNA where possible/appropriate; Figure from Ghazali & Leighl Canadian Oncology Today. 2024; Pascual J et al. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:750-768 ; 2. V.9.2025. Rolfo C... Leighl... Gandara J Thorac Oncol 2021; ASCO Living Guidelines for NSCLC with Driver Alterations V 2026 3.0 Puri, Leighl et al. J Clin Oncol 2026
Natasha B. Leighl
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Slide: Plasma ctRNA for gene expression profiling in NSCLC (Natasha B. Leighl)
Use of ctRNA for profiling NSCLC
#ESMO26 https://t.co/IXOt5a9yVp
Pre-diagnostic Plasma NGS In Patients With Suspected Advanced Lung Cancer Can ↓ Time To Treatment By ~50%
Liquid and Tissue Biopsies taken at same time [icon: blood tube + microscope]
Liquid Biopsy at presentation, before tissue biopsy (required before treatment--> delay) [icon]
Time to Treatment Initiation (Days) [horizontal bar chart; legend: Plasma Actionable / Plasma / Tissue]
Western Uni.: Plasma 12; Tissue 22
U. Penn: Plasma Actionable 10; Plasma 12; Tissue 20
Royal Marsden: Plasma Actionable 9; Tissue 25
Princess Margaret: Plasma 33; Tissue 62
Princess Margaret: Plasma Actionable 33; Plasma 39; Tissue 61
LIBELULE: Plasma Actionable 21; Plasma 29; Tissue 33
Holjiak E et al. J Liq Biopsy. 2025;10:100443; Thompson JC et al. JTO Clin Res Rep. 2022; Cui W et al. Lung Cancer. 2022; Garcia-Pardo M...Leighl. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2022; Garcia-Pardo M...Leighl. JAMA Netw Open. 2023; Swalduz A et al. JTO 2025
Natasha B. Leighl
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Slide: Pre-diagnostic cfDNA testing funded standard of care in UK suspected advanced lung cancer
UK : pre diagnostic cfDNa testing now funded standard of care
#ESMO26 https://t.co/h8G5YRjH0H
Pre-diagnostic cfDNA Testing Now Funded Standard Of Care In Patients In The UK With Suspected Advanced Lung Cancer At Presentation
• N=1,296; 50% male; 18% never smokers
• 24% emergency hospitalizations
• 10% could not undergo tissue biopsy
• 20% underwent ≥1 biopsy
• 6% biopsy complication rate
• 62% confirmed NSCLC; 11% SCLC; 12% other
• TAT: 39d vs 22d from sample to genomics report (44%↓)
• Cost effective: £11M savings to NHS
• Now funded as standard of care in the UK
• Wider implementation planned
[Report cover image: A Health Economics Evaluation of ctDNA testing in NSCLC; QR code]
Slide modified, original courtesy of Dr. Sanjay Popat
https://norththamesgenomics.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Edge-Health-Health-economics-evaluation-of-ctDNA-testing-in-NSCLC-for-pub4.pdf
Natasha B. Leighl
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Slide: Plasma Epigenomics For Detecting SCLC Transformation - Natasha B. Leighl
Interesting how liquid biopsy in detecting SCLC transformation
#ESMO26 https://t.co/NeguRl1RmX
[Slide 1]
Incorporating Plasma ctDNA Testing Into Treatment Decisions in Early-Stage NSCLC
At Diagnosis | After Surgery | During Follow Up
ctDNA testing
ctDNA+ -> Neoadjuvant Therapy
ctDNA- -> Surgery
Post-surgery ctDNA testing
ctDNA+ -> Adjuvant Therapy
ctDNA- -> Observation
Post-treatment ctDNA surveillance
ctDNA+ -> Adjuvant Therapy 2
ctDNA- -> Observation
Longitudinal ctDNA monitoring
ctDNA- -> Observation
ctDNA+ -> Drug Therapy
Adapted from Soh J et al. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(16):4035; Made with Biorender.com
Natasha B. Leighl
[Slide 2]
Plasma monitoring integrated into routine surveillance
(FFPE tumor tissue collected)
Baseline
q3m
Month 0 | Month 3 | Month 6 | Month 9 | Month 12
EQ-5D-5L [questionnaire icon at each timepoint]
Liquid biopsies [blood tube at each timepoint]
CT CAP* [CT scanner at each timepoint]
* +/- brain MRI if CNS involvement; **or until progression, whichever occurs earlier; CT CAP: CT chest abdomen pelvis
*CONFIDENTIAL; NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION*
Natasha B. Leighl
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Biomarker data: Key Takeaways - liquid biopsy / plasma ctDNA in NSCLC (Natasha B. Leighl)
Key Takeaways of liquid biopsies
• use as a "screening" test - pre diagnostic pladma ctDNA
• screening test for molecular diagnosis in targeted therapy resistance
#ESMO26 https://t.co/AFQHSuQqFB
Key Takeaways
- In addition to plasma ctDNA NGS to ensure timely complete molecular testing for patients with advanced NSCLC,
- Emerging data support new approaches:
- Pre-diagnostic Plasma ctDNA NGS (if + treat, if -, await tissue)
- Screening test for molecular diagnosis in targeted therapy resistance
- Proteomic signature prediction including for immunotherapy - clinical utility data pending
- Need more trials to demonstrate clinical utility of using ctDNA to adapt treatment, demonstrating benefit to patients
Natasha B. Leighl
Kenn Samala@KSamalaMD
Kaplan-Meier survival data: Temab-A phase 1, overall EGFRwt NSCLC cohort (unselected for c-Met): PFS and OS
Median PFS was 6.8 mos and median OS was 13.8 in the overall EGFRwt cohort #ESMO26 https://t.co/853vtveOZr
In the Overall EGFRwt Cohort Unselected for c-Met, Median PFS Was 6.8 Months and Median OS Was 13.8 Months in Patients Who Received Temab-A
• At the June 02, 2026, data cutoff, median follow-up was 30.1 months (range, 0.4–35.5)
• ORR was 50% (24/48) (95% CI, 35.2–64.8)
– Median DOR was 5.6 months (95% CI, 4.2–11.3)
Progression-Free Survival
PFS | EGFRwt Overall (n=48)
Events, n (%) | 40 (83)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) | 6.8 (5.4–7.3)
Overall Survival
OS | EGFRwt Overall (n=48)
Events, n (%) | 33 (69)
Median OS, months (95% CI) | 13.8 ([illegible: 9.0 or 8.0]–25.2)
Survival Probability; Months; + Censored
Overall [number-at-risk rows - illegible at this resolution]
Data cutoff date: 02 June 2026.
[footnote line illegible]
Survival table
Endpoint: PFS and OS, Temab-A monotherapy, overall EGFRwt non-squamous NSCLC cohort (single-arm)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
EGFRwt Overall - PFS | 48 | 6.8 mo | 5.4–7.3
EGFRwt Overall - OS | 48 | 13.8 mo | [illegible lower bound: 9.0 or 8.0]–25.2
Dana-Farber@DanaFarber
1) Biomarker data: Poster 3811P: biomarkers associated with response to DLL3 CAR-T LB2102 in SCLC · 2) Slide: Poster 2686P: RRAS2-mutant NSCLC defines a distinct subset of RAS-mutant NSCLC, with presenter · 3) Slide: Poster 1559P: KEYNOTE-689 EFS by postoperative residual viable tumor (RVT) in LA HNSCC · 4) Slide: Poster 4175P: immune checkpoint inhibitors in NUT carcinoma, International NUT Carcinoma Registry
The fourth day of poster presentations at #ESMO26 featured research on lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and thoracic malignancies. https://t.co/QZLwBnAlHx
[Slide 1]
Presentation no. 3811P
Biomarkers Associated With Response to the CAR-T Cell Therapy LB2102 in Subjects with SCLC or LCNEC
[illegible] Chiappori MD2, Ben Creelan MD2; Reinhold Munker, MD3; Paul Schwarzenberger, MD4; Sahista Vahora, PharmD4; Christian Davis, MS4; Chuan Wang, PhD4; [illegible] Jieqing Zhu4, Sifan Xu4, Ying He PhD4, Dong Geng PhD4, Adam J. Schoenfeld, MD5; Zhonglin Hao, MD PhD3
2Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa FL; 3Markey Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Kentucky; 4Legend Biotech USA Inc, Somerset NJ
ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT05680922
Baseline Demographics and Characteristics
[illegible] comprised 20 subjects with relapsed and/or refractory SCLC or LCNEC
[illegible] (85%) subjects had SCLC, 14/20 (70%) with extensive-stage disease at [illegible]
Safety
Safety was Manageable, With no DLTs or LB2102-related Deaths
TEAEs Grade ≥ 3
Related to LB2102 in 10 subjects(50%)
Efficacy
[illegible] 33.3% (4/12); disease control rate 83.3% (10/12)
[illegible] rate 50.0% (1/2)
[illegible] mo (95% CI, 6.1-NR)
[illegible] follow up 17.6 mo; range 1.1, 19.5 mo)
[illegible] as 6.1 mo (95% CI, 1.3-6.8 mo)
Pharmacokinetics and Biomarkers
Figure 3. CAR Transgene Levels Associate with Dose Level (A) and Response (B)
• CAR-T expansion (measured by qPCR) was observed in all subjects at ≥DL3.
• Subjects at DL7 had relatively higher PK exposure compared to previous DLs.
• Subjects with a PR had the trend of higher PK exposure (median Cmax) than subjects with SD (p=0.056) or PD (p=0.16) across DLs
Figure 4. DLL3 Baseline Expression Does not Correlate With Response
Overall, 76% (13/17) of evaluable subjects had baseline DLL3 expression ≥ 90%
There is no correlation of baseline DLL3 expression with clinical response
Figure 5. (A) Total CTC and DLL3+ CTC Count Associate With Response (B) CAR Transgene Cmax Associates with Detection of CTCs
• Total circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and DLL3+ CTCs were detected in 8/18 (44%) and 7/18 evaluable subjects (39%) at baseline, respectively
• At Day 29 after LB2102 infusion, total CTCs and DLL3+ CTCs were detectable in 5/6 (83%) and 3/6 (50%) subjects with PD; 2/9 (22%) and 0/9 subjects with SD; and 0/4 and 0/4 subjects with PR, respectively
Subjects with detectable CTCs (DLL3+ or not) had a trend of higher CAR-T cell expansion (higher median Cmax) than subjects with undetectable CTCs However, due to limited sample size, there is no statistical significance.
Biomarkers
Figure 6. Ratio of CAR-T CD4+:CD8+ Cells and Clinical Response
The ratio of CAR CD4+:CD8+ T cells in LB2102 drug product does not associate with clinical response
Figure 7. Pre-infusion Lymphocytes and IL-15 Associate With Response
• Lymphodepletion reduces the number of endogenous lymphocytes that consume homeostatic cytokines such as IL-7 and IL-15. This results in higher levels of IL-7 and IL-15, which promote CAR-T cell expansion
• Subjects with a PR had a lower mean baseline (Day 1, pre-infusion) lymphocyte count (p=0.04) and higher mean IL-15 level (p=0.02) vs non-responders
Conclusions
• The CAR-T therapy LB2102 showed a favorable safety profile in a Phase 1, first in human trial of 20 subjects with refractory or relapsed SCLC or LCNEC, across 6 dose levels, with no DLTs
o CRS and ICANs are manageable
• LB2102 showed encouraging antitumor activity at doses ≥ 2 million CAR-T cells (≥DL3) per kg body weight, in the subjects. Responses seem durable supporting further investigation
• CAR-T expansion (measured by qPCR) was observed in all subjects at ≥DL3. Although there was no clear dose-dependent expansion, subjects at DL7 had relatively higher PK exposure compared to previous DLs
• Subjects with a PR had the trend of higher PK exposure than subjects with SD or PD across DLs
• Immunohistochemical analyses showed no correlation between baseline DLL3 expression and clinical response
• Although total and DLL3+ CTCs at baseline did not correlate with clinical response, total and DLL3+ CTCs at Day 29 in most patients with SD and PR were reduced to non-detectable.
• The ratio of CAR-T CD4+:CD8+ cells in the LB2102 drug product was not associated with clinical response
• Low Day 1 pre-infusion lymphocyte count and high IL-15 and IL-7 levels associate with better clinical response
Acknowledgements
We thank all patients, families, caregivers and site staff for their participation
This trial was funded by Legend Biotech Inc and Novartis
[Slide 2]
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
CARIS PRECISION ONCOLOGY ALLIANCE
RRAS2mt Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) defines a distinct subset of RASmt NSCLC
Kristi Beshiri1,2, Sharon Wu3, Jing Hui Hoe1, Eleonora Gariazzo1, Valentina Santo1, Leonardo Brunetti1, Cassio Hidalgo1, Biagio Ricciuti1,4, Hossein Borghaei5, Balazs Halmos6, Luc Friboulet2, Lynette Sholl7, Pasi Jänne1,4, Joe Murray3, Alice Shaw1,4, David Barbie1,4, Jia Luo1,4
HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
Abstract 2686P
Background
RRAS2 is a RAS family GTPase that regulates cellular proliferation and migration1. Preclinical studies suggest RRAS2 is an oncogene2 and is targetable with panRAS inhibitors such as daraxonrasib.3 Most RRAS2 mutations occur at Q72X, a hotspot alteration analogous to KRASQ61X.1 RRAS2mt NSCLCs have not been comprehensively described.
Methods
• NSCLC tumors were profiled by Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ) by Whole Exome Sequencing (NovaSeq, WES) and Whole Transcriptome Sequencing (NovaSeq, WTS)
• Only pathogenic/ likely pathogenic mutations were included to define RRAS2mt and KRASmt tumors
• PD-L1 TPS was assessed by IHC (22c3)
• TMB was calculated by totalling somatic mutations per MB (TMB-H, ≥10 mt/MB).
• MAPK Activation Score (MPAS) calculated through RNA expression
• Clinical and molecular features were compared between RRAS2mt and KRASG12C/G12V/G12D/Q61X cohorts.
• Real world overall survival (OS) was derived from time from tissue collection to last follow-up and analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models and log-rank tests.
Results
Among the analyzed 59,770 NSCLC tumor samples, 0.3% harbored RRAS2 mutations, compared with 21.1% of KRAS-mt/RRAS2-wt (Figure 1). RRAS2 Q72L was the most frequent RRAS2 mutation, followed by G23C and G24V among others.
Figure 1 flowchart: Patients with NSCLC, n=84,233 → NSCLC patients with WES, n=59,770 → RRAS2-mt, n=133; KRAS-mt/RRAS2-wt, n=12,626 → KRAS G12C, n=5,048; KRAS G12D, n=1,797; KRAS G12V, n=2,433; KRAS Q61X, n=778
Table 1: Clinical and pathological characteristics of RRAS2mt NSCLC compared to the different KRASmt subgroups NSCLC
Age, median (IQR): RRAS2 71 (65-77); KRAS 70 (63-77); P 0.159
Histology, n (%): Adenocarcinoma 67 (50.4) vs 10285 (81.5); Adenosquamous 2 (1.5) vs 78 (0.6); Squamous 46 (34.6) vs 416 (3.3); Other 18 (13.5) vs 1847 (14.6); P <0.001
PD-L1 ≥1 (22c3): 71 (58.2) vs 7251 (61.7); P 0.435
Tobacco signature SBS4, Median (IQR): 0.32 (0-0.46) vs 0.43 (0-0.55); P 0.002
• Compared to KRASmt NSCLC, RRAS2mt showed a higher proportion of squamous histology (34.6% vs 3.3%, p<0.001).
• No significant differences were observed in age, sex, race, ethnicity, or PD-L1 positive status.
• RRAS2mt NSCLC exhibited significantly lower activity of the tobacco smoking-associated SBS4 mutational signature (median 0.32 vs 0.43; p=0.002).
• The genomic landscape of RRAS2mt NSCLC was dominated by TP53 mutations (76.7%), with other recurrent alterations in CDKN2A (11.4%), TERT (10.0%), PIK3CA (9.2%), KEAP1 (9.0%), NFE2L2 (8.8%) and STK11 (8.4%). PD-L1 positivity was frequent (58.2%), whereas TMB-high and LOH-high represented smaller subsets, respectively 44.3% and 16.5% (Figure 2).
• Analysis of key co-alterations associated with KRASmt NSCLC revealed genomic patterns in RRAS2mt NSCLC, including differences in TP53, KEAP1, STK11, SMARCA4 (Figure 3).
Figure 3 heatmap (RRAS2-mt): KEAP1-mt 9.02 (12/133); SMARCA4-mt 2.27 (3/132); STK11-mt 8.4 (11/131); TP53-mt 76.69 (102/133)
• Quantitative analyses further revealed differences in the prevalence of TMB-high and PD-L1-positive tumors across RRAS2mt and KRASmt NSCLC subtypes, together with distinct MAPK/ERK pathway activity (Figure 4).
• Histology-stratified exploratory analyses confirmed a higher prevalence [illegible] NSCLC within both adenocarcinoma and squamous histologies
• Beyond TP53, squamous RRAS2mt tumors showed higher NFE2L2 [illegible] positivity and TMB-high prevalence, together with more frequent STK1[illegible]
• In adenocarcinoma, the molecular landscape was largely comparable[illegible]
• Among patients with RRAS2mt NSCLC, squamous histology was ass[illegible] (median OS, 10.0 vs 25.7 months; HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.03-2.77; p=0.[illegible]
• However, within histology-defined subgroups, OS did not significantly [illegible]
Figure 6: Overall survival curves for RRAS2mt and KRASmt subgroups
Conclusions: RRAS2mt NSCLC repre[illegible] characterized by a high[illegible] ... These data suggest b[illegible] from RAS inhibitors.
[Slide 3]
1559P
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of Postoperative Residual Viable Tumor in the KEYNOTE-689 Trial
R. I. Haddad1,2; B. Wollenberg3; Y. Tao4; C. Le Tourneau5; N. Y. Lee6; W. Westra7; M. Tahara8; K. Harrington9; I. Braña10; G. V. Alves11; B. G. M. Hughes12; M. Oliva13; I. P. F. Lima14; T. Ueda15; C.-C. Liu16; K. Benjamin16; A. Wang16; D. Adkins17; R. Uppaluri1,18
Background
• The phase 3 KEYNOTE-689 study evaluated the addition of neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab to standard of care (SOC; comprising surgery and postoperative radiotherapy with or without cisplatin) compared with SOC alone in participants with resectable locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA HNSCC)1
– The study met its primary end point of event-free survival (EFS) and the key secondary end point of major pathological response across 3 prespecified populations1
• The inclusion of a neoadjuvant pembrolizumab component to SOC treatment for LA HNSCC necessitates additional granular examination of pathological outcomes
• Assessment of residual viable tumor (RVT) following neoadjuvant pembrolizumab treatment is one method used to evaluate pathological response to treatment
– Previous RVT analysis in a phase 2 study showed a correlation between pathological treatment effect and 1-year survival outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk HNSCC treated with both neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab2
• To date, no randomized phase 3 study dataset has been used to conduct exploratory comprehensive EFS by RVT cutpoint analysis in LA HNSCC
Objective
• To evaluate EFS by percent of RVT (%RVT) in all participants and in the PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 subgroup of participants who underwent surgery in the KEYNOTE-689 study
Methods
Figure 1. Study design of KEYNOTE-689 (NCT03765918)
Key Eligibility Criteria: Adults with resectable LA HNSCC (Larynx/hypopharynx/oral cavity stage III/IVA; Oropharyngeal stage III/IVA p16-; Oropharyngeal stage III T4 N0-2 p16+); ECOG PS score of 0 or 1; Tumor tissue for PD-L1 testing
R 1:1 → n = 363: Neoadjuvant Pembro 2 cycles → Surgery → Pembro 3 cycles + radiotherapy ± cisplatin → Pembro 12 cycles; n = 351: Surgery → Radiotherapy ± cisplatin
Stratification factors: Primary tumor site (oropharynx/oral cavity vs larynx vs hypopharynx); Tumor stage (III vs IVA); PD-L1 TPS (≥50% vs <50%)
End points and statistical analyses
• Exploratory end point: EFS by %RVT assessed by blinded independent pathology review (BIPR) in resected tumor and lymph node surgical samples
• RVT in the SOC arm represents untreated, native tumor burden because no neoadjuvant treatment was administered
• This exploratory analysis population comprised all participants who underwent surgery and the prespecified population of participants who underwent surgery and had tumors with a PD-L1 CPS of ≥1
• EFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method
• Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using the Cox regression model with the Efron method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate
• Database cutoff date was July 25, 2024
Results
• Median follow-up, defined as time from randomization to the database cutoff date was 38.3 months (range, 9.0-66.5) for all randomly assigned participants
Figure 2. Treatment disposition
714 participants randomly assigned December 2018 to October 2023
363 to pembrolizumab + SOC; 360 started neoadjuvant phase; 322 underwent surgery; 307 in the CPS ≥1 subgroup; 275 started adjuvant treatment; 11 treatment ongoing
351 to SOC; 2 received pembrolizumab in error; 308 underwent surgery; 294 in the CPS ≥1 subgroup; 275 started adjuvant treatment; 0 treatment ongoing
Table 1. Pathological RVT burden
%RVT, n (%) | All participants who underwent surgery: Pembro + SOC n = 322 | SOC n = 308 | PD-L1 CPS ≥1 population who underwent surgery: Pembro + SOC n = 307 | SOC n = 294
≤30% RVT | 47 (14.6) | 15 (4.9) | 47 (15.3) | 15 (5.1)
≤50% RVT | 98 (30.4) | 55 (17.9) | 98 (31.9) | 51 (17.3)
>10%-50% RVT | 64 (19.9) | 55 (17.9) | 64 (20.8) | 51 (17.3)
>50% RVT | 216 (67.1) | 247 (80.2) | 202 (65.8) | 237 (80.6)
Figure 3. EFS by RVT subgroups (A) ≤30% RVT, (B) ≤50% RVT, (C) >10%-50% RVT, and (D) >50% RVT, all participants who underwent surgery
Figure 4. EFS by RVT subgroups ... PD-L1 CPS ≥1 population who underwent surgery [mostly obscured]
NR, not reached.
Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology Annual Meeting 2026 (ESMO 2026); Madrid, Spain; October 23-27, 2026
Survival table
Endpoint: EFS by %RVT, all participants who underwent surgery - panel A (≤30% RVT)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
Pembro + SOC | 47 | NR | 34.6-NR
SOC | 15 | 26.9 | 6.5-NR
HR: 0.39
HR CI: 0.16-0.95
36-month EFS 66.5% vs 43.3% (≤30% RVT)
[Slide 4]
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in NUT carcinoma: an analysis from the International NUT Carcinoma Registry
K. Beshiri1,2, F. Paoloni1, S. Walton1, M. Sanchez1, J. J. Kim1, J. Haradon1, L. M. Sholl3, H. Khalil4, B. H. Kann5, P. Paik6, J. E. Chaft7, R. Hsu8, S. A. Piha-Paul9, M. Nishino10, D. Barbie1,4, S. G. DuBois11, G. J. Hanna12, G. I. Shapiro13, C. A. French3, J. Luo1,4
HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
Abstract 4175P
Background
NUT carcinoma (NC) is a highly aggressive lung and head/neck malignancy driven by NUTM1 rearrangements, with a survival of 6.5 months1. Given the limited efficacy of chemotherapy (CT)2, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens have been used, however, their benefit remains uncertain.
Methods
Patients with NC enrolled in the International NC Registry and received ICI and/or CT with at least one follow up visit between between January 2018 and April 2025 were included. Clinical data and outcomes were collected from primary medical records. Cohorts of metastatic patients treated with platinum-based-CT and ICI + platinum-based-CT were compared. Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare cohorts. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods, with hazard ratios (HR) derived from Cox models.
Results
Of 282 patients enrolled, 52 received ICI-based therapy (2018-2025). The median age was 38 years old (19-77); 54% were male, 70% had a never smoking history, and the most common primary sites were thoracic (70%) and head and neck (30%) (Table 1). PD-L1 TPS was <1% in 68% and ≥50% in 10% (n=41 known).
ICI based regimens given were ICI+CT (75%) and ICI only (25%).
Median follow up was 18 months.
There was no significant difference in PFS or OS among metastatic patients treated with ICI +Plat-CT when stratified by PD-L1 TPS <1%/≥1% (all p > 0.1; Figure 2 A,B)
When comparing ICI + platinum-based-CT vs platinum-based-CT in patients with metastatic disease (n=42), there was a difference in OS favoring ICI + platinum-based-CT (mOS 6.51 vs 3.62 mo, p=0.01; Figure 2 D) but not in PFS (mPFS 3.65 vs 1.94 mo, p=0.12, Figure 2C). These findings remained significant after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences, including year of treatment (pre/post 2020) and sex (Table 2).
Immune-related adverse events occurred in 25% (n=12/48 reported any symptoms). ICI dose hold and discontinuation occurred in 4% and 6%, respectively. Grade 3-4 events occurred in 13% (including rash, arthralgia, colitis and pneumonitis).
Figure 2. Survival Kaplan-Meier curves for metastatic patients according to PD-L1 status (A, B) and type of treatment received (C, D).
Conclusions
In this largest cohort of NUT carcinoma treated with immunotherapy, platinum-based chemotherapy plus immunotherapy in advanced NUT carcinoma may modestly improve outcomes in some patients compared to platinum-based chemotherapy alone and has an acceptable immune-related adverse event profile.
Biomarkers beyond PD-L1 TPS are needed to identify responders. Given the persistent low overall survival of patients with NUT carcinoma, further research is warranted to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
Disclosures: The presenter has no disclosures to declare.
Professional Reviewed Abstracts | AMCP Nexus 2026 | October 26-29 S71
[phone overlay: 73 de 128]
[Left column — end of preceding, unrelated abstract on BCG-unresponsive HR-NMIBC:]
10/31/2024). Patients with HR-NMIBC with CIS (as of the HR-NMIBC diagnosis date) were assessed for BCG discontinuation (last instillation before a gap of >180 days, following adequate induction [≥5 instillations in 70 days] and maintenance [≥2 instillations in 180 days]). BCG-unresponsive was defined as receiving subsequent guideline-recommended treatment (index date) within 365 days of BCG discontinuation. EFS (i.e., time without disease recurrence or progression) was defined based on codes for transurethral resection of bladder tumor, biopsy, systemic chemotherapy, non-index intravesical therapy, radiotherapy, radical cystectomy, pembrolizumab, diagnosis of muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer, or death. EFS was described using Kaplan-Meier analyses among patients with bladder-sparing therapy after BCG discontinuation.
RESULTS: Overall, there were 130 patients with BCG-unresponsive HR-NMIBC with CIS ± PAP (mean age: 70 years; 77% male; 78% White). Among 108 patients initiating bladder-sparing therapies as next treatment, gemcitabine (52%), mitomycin (16%), pembrolizumab (15%), gemcitabine/docetaxel (14%), nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg (2%), docetaxel (1%), and doxorubicin (1%) were used. Among these patients, median EFS was 5.9 months (95% CI: 4.7, 12.1). The proportion of patients with recurrence, progression, or death was 28% at 3 months, 50% at 6 months, 59% at 12 months, 69% at 24 months and 74% at 36 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment choice varied among patients with BCG-unresponsive HR-NMIBC with CIS. Despite radical cystectomy being recommended for BCG-unresponsive patients, most received bladder-sparing therapy, with 50% having disease recurrence, progression, or death within 6 months. These findings highlight a significant unmet need for more effective bladder-sparing therapies among BCG-unresponsive patients with HR-NMIBC with CIS ± PAP.
SPONSORSHIP: Johnson & Johnson
269 IMforte: Characterization of hospitalization and health care resource utilization with lurbinectedin + atezolizumab maintenance therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in a phase 3 randomized trial
Nguyen A1, Paz-Ares L2, Borghaei H3, Liu S4, Peters S5, Reck M6, Cuchelkar V7, Mohan S7, Lin Y7, Fuller D1, Profant D8, Bhatt K1, Herbst R9; amy.nguyen@jazzpharma.com
1Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Unit, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid, Spain; 3Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 4Department of Medical Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; 5Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; 6LungenClinic, Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, Germany; 7Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; 8Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, USA; 9Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
BACKGROUND: Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Among patients (pts) with ES-SCLC, rates of complications that drive health care resource utilization (HCRU) are high. The phase 3 IMforte (NCT05091567) trial demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in progression-free and overall survival with lurbinectedin + atezolizumab (L+A) vs atezolizumab alone (A) for first-line maintenance treatment (1Lm) of ES-SCLC.
OBJECTIVE: To describe hospitalizations and HCRU from IMforte pts receiving 1Lm with L+A vs A.
METHODS: Eligible pts with ES-SCLC who were progression free after induction with atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide were randomized 1:1 to receive 1Lm L+A or A every 3 weeks. Details of all-cause and treatment-related inpatient hospitalizations and supportive care during 1Lm were summarized descriptively.
RESULTS: As of February 12, 2025, the median treatment duration was 4.4 (L)/4.8 (A) and 2.1 months in the L+A and A arms. One or more treatment-related hospitalizations occurred in 25/242 (10%) pts in the L+A arm and 6/240 (3%) pts in the A arm. The median (quartile 1 [Q1]–Q3) number and total length of treatment-related hospitalizations were 1 (1–1) admission and 7 (4–14) days in the L+A arm and 1 (1–1) admission and 7 (2–13) days in the A arm, respectively. Regardless of relationship to study drug, 60/242 (25%) and 34/240 (14%) pts had an all-cause hospitalization in the L+A and A arms, respectively. The median (Q1–Q3) number and total length of all-cause hospitalizations were 1 (1–2) admission and 7 (5–14) days in the L+A arm and 1 (1–1) admission and 9 (4–17) days in the A arm, respectively. The most common preferred term used among all-cause hospitalizations was pneumonia (L+A, n=5 [2%]; A, n=6 [3%]). Most pts (215/242 [89%]) in the L+A arm used granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, compared to 28/240 (12%) in the A arm.
CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with the extended treatment duration, L+A appeared to be associated with a higher incidence of hospitalization than A. Nonetheless, the frequency remained low: 90% of all pts in the L+A arm did not experience a treatment-related hospitalization. Among pts who were hospitalized, the number of visits and lengths of stay were similar
Vol. 33, No. 10-d | October 2026 | JMCP.org
S72 Professional Reviewed Abstracts | AMCP Nexus 2026 | October 26-29
between treatment arms, suggesting L+A did not increase inpatient burden on a per-event basis. Overall, L+A showed a manageable and predictable HCRU pattern, supporting its feasibility from clinical and health economic perspectives.
SPONSORSHIP: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Jazz Pharmaceuticals
[right column of S72 — start of unrelated abstract:] perceived benefits of switching from bid to qd varied depending on overall pill burden and daily routines.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment frequency, disease severity, and pill burden influence patient preference and anticipated adherence in MF, PV, and GVHD. Patients demonstrated a clear preference for qd regimens, which may support adherence through simplified treatment routines. Willingness to switch [cut off]
FJ ⭐️⭐️+⭐️@pistoto2017
Slide: Screenshot of Spanish news article text (elEconomista) on tarlatamab vs lurbinectedin cross-trial comparison
https://t.co/iZa1twCfJh ¡Bien comentado! @elEconomistaes Eso es, la realidad es esa. NO es todo taaaaaan fácil, ni tan sencillo. Hay muchas muchas complejidades y riesgos con el Tarlatamab. 👏 Y hay que decirlo todo, lo bueno y lo menos bueno. https://t.co/ca3MjANkiJ
La diferencia entre ambos estudios resulta llamativa, pero exige cautela. No existe una comparación directa entre las combinaciones de Amgen-AstraZeneca y PharmaMar-Roche. Los ensayos emplearon inmunoterapias distintas, poblaciones independientes y diseños diferentes. Por tanto, los resultados no permiten afirmar que tarlatamab sea clínicamente superior a lurbinectedina. Además, el nuevo régimen presenta exigencias asistenciales relevantes. Cerca de la mitad de los pacientes tratados con tarlatamab desarrolló síndrome de liberación de citocinas, generalmente de intensidad leve o moderada. Esta toxicidad obliga a establecer medidas de vigilancia tras las primeras administraciones y puede influir en los costes hospitalarios y en la implantación comercial del tratamiento.
Grupo Español de Cáncer de Pulmón@gecp_org
Slide: GECP poster 3445P: residential radon exposure and molecular profile of lung cancer
⭕ The GECP presents the following research as a poster at #ESMO26:
👉 “Impact of Residential Radon Exposure on the Molecular Profile of Lung Cancer in Spain: Results from the RTT-ATLAS-Radon Study”
🗣️ The study, led by @VirginiaCalvo6 with the participation of @albertoruano8, explores the relationship between residential radon exposure and the molecular characteristics of lung cancer in Spain.
Impact of Residential Radon Exposure on the Molecular Pr[obscured] of Lung Cancer in Spain: Results from the RTT-ATLAS-Rado[n] [S]tudy
3445P
V. Calvo de Juan ... [author list partly illegible]
BACKGROUND
Radon gas is the second leading risk factor for lung cancer worldwide and the first among never-smokers.
The biological mechanisms and molecular alterations associated with high residential radon exposure remain under investigation. We report results from RTT-ATLAS-Radon sub-study, which correlates residential radon exposure with genomic profiles in a multicentric study throughout Spain.
METHODS
Residential radon levels were indiv[obscured]y measured at homes of 534 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across 12 Spanish provinces us[obscured] alpha-track detectors. Measured radon levels were compared with subsoil radon potential maps provided by the Sp[obscured]sh Nuclear Safety Council and wit[obscured] [obscured] included in the Technical Building Code. Results were cross-referenced with molecular p[obscured] [obscured] sequencing (NGS) in 342 cases.
RESULTS
Table 1. Characteristics of the patients [table values illegible]
- A total of 342 patients with confirmed NSCLC were included in the study. Patient characteristics are described in Table 1.
- The median residential radon concentration in our cohort was 67 Bq/m3; min 4 Bq/m3, max 1,035 Bq/m3. Figure 1.
Figure 1. Distribution of radon measurements: 66.4% / 33.6% [legend illegible]
- A high degree of consistency was observed between the predicted risk zones and [obscured]
- In the Community of Madrid (n=235), municipalities classified as Zone 2 [obscured] exposure levels. The proportion of cases exceeding 300 Bq/m3 was 40.0[obscured]
- Nationally, the highest rates exceeding the reference level were in Orens[obscured]
- A statistically significant association was observed between higher radon leve[obscured]
- In the never-smoker sub-group (n=44), significant differences were identified base[obscured]
- Patients with ALK-positive tumors (n=11) were exposed to higher residential radon levels than those without ALK rearrangements (49 Bq/m3 vs. 142 Bq/m3; p=0.067). Figure 2.
- If all tumors harboring gene rearrangements, including ALK, RET, and ROS1 (n=13), were grouped together, the association reached statistical significance (48 Bq/m3 vs. 142 Bq/m3; p=0.043). Figure 3.
CONCLUSIONS
- The findings suggest that radon might play a role in causing genomic translocations, particularly ALK rearrangements, especially among never-smokers.
- A statistically significant association was observed between higher radon levels and PD-L1 expression <1% (p=0.011).
- Results demonstrate a correlation between subsoil radon potential and actual residential radon exposure in patients with NSCLC in Spain.
Presented at the ESMO Congress 2026, October 23-27, 2026, Madrid, Spain.
Grupo Español de Cáncer de Pulmón@gecp_org
Response data: NADIM II causal mediation analysis poster (2590P): pathological
⭕ The GECP presents the following research as a poster at #ESMO26:
🗣️ “Pathological complete response explains part, but not all, of the survival benefit in NADIM II: a causal mediation analysis”
👉 The analysis, led by @MARIANOPROVENCI and @bmassuti2 , explores the role of pathological complete response and its contribution to the survival benefit observed in #NADIMII.
Pathological complete response explains part, but not all, of the survival benefit in NADIM II: a causal mediation analysis
FNP: 2590P
M. Provencio Pulla¹, E. Nadal², ... B. Massuti Sureda [remaining author list and affiliations illegible]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Perioperative immunochemotherapy (IO-CT) improves survival in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and markedly increases pathological complete response (pCR) rates. Whether pCR is merely a prognostic marker or a true causal mediator of survival benefit remains unclear.
Objective: to quantify how much of the survival benefit of perioperative immunochemotherapy in NADIM II trial is mediated through pathological complete response.
METHODS
• Design: Randomized phase II trial NADIM II (N = 86)
• Framework: VanderWeele regression-based causal mediation analysis
• Primary analysis: intention-to-treat (ITT): non-resected patients classified as non-pCR
• Sensitivity: Resected patients only (n = 73)
• Mediator model: Logistic regression (pCR ~ treatment)
• Outcome model: Cox proportional hazards (OS/PFS ~ treatment × pCR)
• Assumptions: No unmeasured confounders of the treatment-mediator, treatment-outcome, or mediator-outcome relationships; correct model specification.
CAUSAL MEDIATION FRAMEWORK
IO + CT vs CT — NDE (direct effect) — Survival OS / PFS
pCR — NIE (indirect effect)
RESULTS
Table 1. Mediation decomposition of Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-Free Survival (PFS).
Endpoint | Comparison | HR (95%CI) | p-value
OS | Total Effect | 0.41 (0.21–0.80) | 0.009
OS | Natural Direct Effect (NDE) | 0.60 (0.29–1.16) | 0.132
OS | Natural Indirect Effect (NIE) | 0.68 (0.55–0.90) | 0.002
OS | Proportion Mediated | 0.32 (0.05–1.50) | 0.028
PFS | Total Effect | 0.47 (0.26–0.86) | 0.014
PFS | Natural Direct Effect (NDE) | 0.72 (0.38–1.32) | 0.308
PFS | Natural Indirect Effect (NIE) | 0.66 (0.53–0.90) | 0.002
PFS | Proportion Mediated | 0.47 (0.04–3.12) | 0.046
Sensitivity analysis: in resected patients (n = 73), the NIE remained significant for OS (HR 0.65; p = 0.015) and PFS (HR 0.63; p = 0.015).
Figure 1. Progression-free survival by treatment arm and pathological complete response (pCR) status. p < 0.001 (log-rank test).
LIMITATIONS
• Small sample size: N = 86; no small-sample correction applied.
• Unadjusted model: Residual confounding cannot be excluded.
• Single trial: Generalizability requires external validation.
• Interaction assumption: No treatment × mediator additive interaction was not formally tested.
CONCLUSION
• Pathological complete response is a significant but partial mediator of survival benefit (32% OS, 47% PFS).
• A substantial pathological complete response-independent treatment effect persists, suggesting additional biological mechanisms.
• Pathological complete response is supported as an informative intermediate endpoint, but survival endpoints remain essential.
IMPLICATION
Pathological complete response can infor[m] early efficacy signals in perioperative NSC[LC] trials, but it cannot replace overall surviv[al as] the definitive endpoint.
Presented at the ESMO Congress 2026; October 23-27, 2026; Madrid, Spain.
127P: LLM-based Evidence Scoring Framework: 1L non-exon 20 EGFR-mutated Advanced NSCLC as a Case Study
Reena Thakur³; Daniel Jaramillo²; Mark Gramling¹; Bruno Larvol¹; Judith Pérez-Granado¹
¹The Larvol Group LLC, San Francisco/CA/USA ,² San Francisco, Colombi), ³ Gorakhpur, India
Correspondence: judith.perez@larvol.com
MADRID SPAIN 23-27 OCTOBER 2026
INTRODUCTION
Multiple approved regimens with differing evidence levels in first-line EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer excluding exon 20 insertions (1L EGFRm Adv NSCLC exc ex20ins), challenge treatment selection. Current guidelines provide recommendations lacking standardized quantitative scoring. We developed an evidence-scoring framework that integrates large language models (LLMs) for reproducible standard-of-care (SOC) mapping.
METHODS
1L EGFRm Adv NSCLC exc ex20ins → Identified recommended regimens using LLM and validated against NCCN, ESMO, ASCO guidelines → Regimen–population pairs scored 0–100 using predefined guideline weights, prioritizing NCCN → No direct guideline support → 4 LLMs assess population similarity with rationale → Consensus score → LLM judge evaluation
RESULTS
Evidence Score for 1L EGFRm Adv NSCLC exc ex20ins Regimens Across Four Independent LLMs
Regimen | ChatGPT 5.4 Pro | Gemini 3 Pro | Claude Opus 4.6 | Grok 4.20 | Consensus Evidence Score
Osimertinib | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94
Osimertinib + Platinum + Pemetrexed | 94 | 94 | 94 | 90 | 93
Amivantamab + Lazertinib | 94 | 90 | 94 | 93 | 93
Afatinib | 76 | 84 | 68 | 84 | 76
Erlotinib | 76 | 79 | 68 | 79 | 76
Dacomitinib | 76 | 79 | 68 | 80 | 76
Gefitinib | 76 | 79 | 68 | 79 | 76
Erlotinib + Ramucirumab | 70 | 73 | 63 | 73 | 75
Erlotinib + Bevacizumab | 70 | 73 | 63 | 68 | 68
Consensus Evidence Score by Regimens: Osimertinib 94; Osimertinib + Platinum + Pemetrexed 93; Amivantamab + Lazertinib 93; Afatinib 76; Erlotinib 76; Dacomitinib 76; Gefitinib 76; Erlotinib + Ramucirumab 75; Erlotinib + Bevacizumab 68
• Evidence scores for 1L EGFRm Adv NSCLC exc ex20ins regimens were generally consistent across LLMs.
• Current SOC Osimertinib achieved the highest score (94), followed by its combination with chemotherapy (93) and amivantamab plus lazertinib (93).
• Earlier-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) demonstrated moderate scores (76), while TKI combination regimens showed variable scores (68-75).
CONCLUSIONS
• This study demonstrates the feasibility of a structured, LLM-assisted approach to evidence scoring in 1L EGFRm advanced NSCLC, excluding exon 20 insertions.
• Observed consistency across models suggests potential robustness of the evidence-scoring approach.
• Further validation is required to confirm reproducibility and clinical relevance.
ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation@etop_ibcsg
1) Slide: Poster 4430P - ETOP Lungscope: Concordance of MTAP Expression Between Primary · 2) Kaplan-Meier survival data: Poster 4430P - ETOP Lungscope: Concordance of MTAP
Stephen Finn presenting the ETOP Lungscope - MTAP poster at #ESMO26. MTAP status showed high concordance between primary and matched metastases. https://t.co/OTAJL6bgvk
[Slide 1]
4430P – ETOP Lungscope: Concordance of MTAP Expression Between Primary NSCLC and Matched Metastases by IHC
K. Kerr, S. Finn, U. Dafni, R. Kammler, M. Christoffe, L. Joseph, P. Hofman, T. Radonic, [obscured by presenter] M. Haberecker, S. Berezowska, A.-M. Baird, K. Monkhorst, E. Matsouka, S. Peters, A. Stenzinger, [obscured] L. Bubendorf
[affiliations — small, partially legible]
Background
• ETOP Lungscope is a retrospective translational biobank comprising clinically annotated tissue samples from primary resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and matched concomitant or sequential locoregional or distant metastases.
• The biobank enables investigation of the frequency and consistency of the expression of relevant biomarkers and their association with clinical parameters in NSCLC.
• MTAP (methylthioadenosine phosphorylase) loss/deletion is becoming an important predictive biomarker for drugs targeting the PRMT5–MAT2A pathway.
• Here, we present data on MTAP loss determined by immunohistochemistry in primary tumors and matched metastases and its association with clinical parameters.
Methods
• MTAP protein expression was assessed by IHC in primary and metastatic samples from the ETOP Lungscope biobank using the MSVA-741R antibody (MS Validated Antibodies, Hamburg, Germany) on the Leica BOND-PRIME staining platform.
• For each sample, 3 tumor cores (1mm Ø) were independently assessed by 3 scorers and classified as MTAP-deficient, MTAP-proficient, equivocal, or non-evaluable, based on tumor cells versus internal controls.
• Final MTAP status was determined separately for each primary and metastatic sample based on the consensus classification of evaluable cores. In cases of discordance among the 3 cores, the majority classification was assigned.
• Association between MTAP status of the primary samples, baseline characteristics, selected biomarkers and overall survival (OS) were analysed.
Acknowledgment
Financial support from Bärbel und Paul Geissbühler Stiftung
Results
• 349 patients in Lungscope database
• 333 patients underwent MTAP expression testing by IHC from 12 centers/7 countries
• Among 333 paired samples, 58% had synchronous metastasis, 40% metachronous and 2% both
• Inter-observer initial agreement: 89% unanimous (3/3 scorers), 10% partial (2/1), 1% discordance
Primary-metastatic MTAP concordance [Sankey diagram; see full transcription in 2113622829031985382_s2]
256/266* (96%) matched pairs
Cohen's k=0.89 (proficient vs deficient)
*excluding non-evaluable, equivocal samples
[Results table and OS curve partially obscured by presenter]
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors and the ETOP IBCSG Partners Fou[ndation]
[Adjacent posters partially visible: 4429P (BRCA wild-type / PARP inhibitor) and 'Prediction of circulating tumor ... BRCA testing in metastatic pro[state cancer]' — not transcribed]
[Slide 2]
4430P – ETOP Lungscope: Concordance of MTAP Expression Between Primary NSCLC and Matched Metastases by IHC
K. Kerr1, S. Finn2, U. Dafni3, R. Kammler4, M. Christoffe14, L. Joseph5, P. Hofman6, T. Radonic7, L. Hillen8, L. Horvath9, M. Haberecker10, S. Berezowska11, A.-M. Baird12, K. Monkhorst13, E. Matsouka14, S. Peters15, A. Stenzinger16, R. A. Stahel17, J. Naidoo18, L. Bubendorf19
[affiliations — small print, largely illegible]
Background
• ETOP Lungscope is a retrospective translational biobank comprising clinically annotated tissue samples from primary resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and matched concomitant or sequential locoregional or distant metastases.
• The biobank enables investigation of the frequency and consistency of the expression of relevant biomarkers and their association with clinical parameters in NSCLC.
• MTAP (methylthioadenosine phosphorylase) loss/deletion is becoming an important predictive biomarker for drugs targeting the PRMT5–MAT2A pathway.
• Here, we present data on MTAP loss determined by immunohistochemistry in primary tumors and matched metastases and its association with clinical parameters.
Methods
• MTAP protein expression was assessed by IHC in primary and metastatic samples from the ETOP Lungscope biobank using the MSVA-741R antibody (MS Validated Antibodies, Hamburg, Germany) on the Leica BOND-PRIME staining platform.
• For each sample, 3 tumor cores (1mm Ø) were independently assessed by 3 scorers and classified as MTAP-deficient, MTAP-proficient, equivocal, or non-evaluable, based on tumor cells versus internal controls.
• Final MTAP status was determined separately for each primary and metastatic sample based on the consensus classification of evaluable cores. In cases of discordance among the 3 cores, the majority classification was assigned.
• Association between MTAP status of the primary samples, baseline characteristics, selected biomarkers and overall survival (OS) were analysed.
Acknowledgment
Financial support from Bärbel und Paul Geissbühler Stiftung
Results
• 349 patients in Lungscope database
• 333 patients underwent MTAP expression testing by IHC from 12 centers/7 countries
• Among 333 paired samples, 58% had synchronous metastasis, 40% metachronous and 2% both
• Inter-observer initial agreement: 89% unanimous (3/3 scorers), 10% partial (2/1), 1% discordance
Primary-metastatic MTAP concordance
Primary sample: proficient (N=242; 73%); deficient (N=68; 20%); non-evaluable (N=23; 7%)
Metastatic sample: proficient (N=224; 67%); deficient (N=63; 19%); equivocal (N=2; 1%); non-evaluable (N=44; 13%)
[Sankey flow values: 206, 28, 7, 3, 50, 1, 14, 1, 15, 6, 2]
256/266* (96%) matched pairs
Cohen's k=0.89 (proficient vs deficient)
*excluding non-evaluable, equivocal samples
MTAP* association with baseline characteristics and biomarkers
Characteristics | MTAP-proficient (n=242) | MTAP deficient (n=68) | p-value
Age Median (Range) | 66 (34-85) | 65 (45-83) | 0.63
Sex Male / Female | 131 (82%) / 111 (73%) | 28 (18%) / 40 (27%) | 0.074
Ethnicity Caucasian / Asian/Other / Missing | 173 (80%) / 2 (40%) / 67 (76%) | 44 (20%) / 3 (60%) / 21 (24%) | 0.065
Histology Adenocarcinoma / Squamous cell / Other | 185 (82%) / 33 (62%) / 23 (77%) | 41 (18%) / 20 (38%) / 7 (23%) | 0.011
Smoking History Yes / No | 225 (80%) / 14 (64%) | 58 (20%) / 8 (36%) | 0.10
Stage at initial diagnosis (8th TNM edition) I / II / III / IV / Missing | 23 (82%) / 21 (78%) / 93 (76%) / 25 (68%) / 80 (83%) | 5 (18%) / 6 (22%) / 29 (24%) / 12 (32%) / 16 (17%) | 0.57
EGFR mutation Mutated / Non-mutated | 14 (58%) / 130 (83%) | 10 (42%) / 27 (17%) | 0.012
KRAS mutation Mutated / Non-mutated | 53 (81%) / 77 (78%) | 12 (19%) / 22 (22%) | 0.69
PD-L1 expression Positive (≥1%) / Negative (<1%) | 81 (81%) / 47 (78%) | 19 (19%) / 13 (22%) | 0.69
TP53 mutation Mutated / Non-mutated | 48 (89%) / 22 (69%) | 6 (11%) / 10 (31%) | 0.042
*MTAP status based on primary sample
Missing categories not presented in the table
Overall Survival by MTAP*
MTAP proficient — Deaths (%) 137 (57%) — Median OS (95% CI) 43.2m (32.5-49.4)
MTAP deficient — Deaths (%) 46 (68%) — Median OS (95% CI) 25.6m (21.0-34.9)
Log-rank p=0.07
Median follow-up: 61.0/65.6 m
+Censored
Number at risk (Months 0 / 24 / 48 / 72 / 96 / 120 / 144 / 168):
MTAP proficient: 242 (0) / 130 (43) / 61 (73) / 33 (86) / 16 (95) / 8 (101) / 1 (104) / 0 (105)
MTAP deficient: 68 (0) / 34 (6) / 10 (16) / 5 (19) / 4 (20) / 3 (21) / 2 (21) / 0 (22)
*MTAP status based on primary sample
MTAP deficiency was significantly associated with worse OS after adjustment for age, EGFR and TP53 status (adjHR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.09–2.19; p = 0.014).
Conclusion
• In this large clinically annotated cohort of matched primary and metastatic NSCLCs, MTAP-deficient tumors were identified in ~20% of cases and enriched in squamous histology.
• MTAP status showed high concordance between primary and matched metastases, supporting biologic stability across disease sites and time.
• Adjusted for baseline clinicopathological characteristics, MTAP deficiency was significantly associated with worse OS.
• These findings support the use of archival tissue for MTAP IHC to identify patients for biomarker-driven clinical trials.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors and the ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation. Please contact Lungscope@etop.ibcsg.org for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
Survival table
Endpoint: Overall survival by MTAP status (primary sample)
Arm | N | Median | Median CI
MTAP proficient | 242 | 43.2m | 32.5-49.4
MTAP deficient | 68 | 25.6m | 21.0-34.9
HR: adjHR=1.55 (deficient vs proficient, adjusted for age, EGFR, TP53)
HR CI: 1.09–2.19
P: Log-rank p=0.07 (unadjusted); adjusted p=0.014
Jose Fernando Moura, PhD@FernandoOnco
1) Trial design schema: KANDLELIT-001 study design slide with presenter video feed · 2) Biomarker data: Efficacy of 1L olomorasib + chemoimmunotherapy by PD-L1 (Negrao MV)
Olomorasib and Calderasib
New anti-KRAS G12C shows strong signal
Waiting Phase 3 Divarasib data in presidential session @myESMO #ESMO26 https://t.co/dg9J81wHaB
1st-line pleural mesothelioma - what we learned from ICI trials:
#1 ICI works better in non-epithelioid
#2 Chemo + PD(L)1 ➡️ highest ORR
#3 Double ICI ➡️ more early progressions
At last something new for the first line treatment of mesothelioma and more data coming from the second-line treatment including PARP inhibitors, anti TROP2, and next-generation bispecific anti EGFR plus anti MET ✅✅✅
- @GhosnMd
@myESMO #ESMO26 #oncology
1) Slide: Conclusion slide: second primary lung cancer in childhood cancer survivors (FCCSS cohort), ESMO · 2) Slide: Conclusion slide: lung cancer prevention in people with severe mental illness, INTERCEPTION-Lung · 3) Slide: Title slide 1149RO: second primary lung cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors from the FCCSS · 4) Slide: Results table: patient characteristics, total FCCSS cohort vs second primary lung cancer cases
🔹 Gustave Roussy at #ESMO26 🔹
2 rapid oral sessions by Pamela Abdayem about prevention, early detection and intervention :
- Second primary lung cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors from the FCCSS cohort: Risk-adapted screening guidelines
- Lung cancer prevention in patients with severe mental illness: A real-world cohort experience from the INTERCEPTION-lung precision prevention program
#ESMO
[Slide 1]
FCCSS
Conclusion
• Second primary lung cancers in CCS occur at a younger age and are strongly associated with prior thoracic radiotherapy and tobacco smoking
• Precision prevention is needed with:
✓ Dedicated risk prediction models that integrate biomarkers
✓ Earlier initiation of lung cancer screening at lower risk thresholds (≥10 pack-years)
✓ Optimized tobacco cessation strategies
Pamela Abdayem, MD, MSc
[Slide 2]
Conclusion
• Small cohort but notable differences compared with the broader INTERCEPTION-Lung cohort.
• Long term abstinence from smoking is harder to achieve. Combined interventions (varenicline and behavioral therapy) may offer more benefit.
• A community nurse-supported, integrated One-Stop health check model may facilitate access to personalized cancer prevention and lung cancer screening for individuals with SMI at high risk of lung cancer.
Pamela Abdayem, MD, MSc
[Slide 3]
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
GUSTAVE ROUSSY CANCER CAMPUS GRAND PARIS
1149RO - Second Primary lung cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors from the FCCSS cohort: risk-adapted screening guidelines
Camélia Bellemou, Pamela Abdayem, Léa Caillard, Neige Journy, Céline Khouri, Laura Lenez, Boris Schwartz, Vincent Souchard, Giao Vu-Bezin, Claire Allapetite, François Doz, Hélène Pacquement, Marjorie Boussach, Pierre Fayoux, Noura Sellami, Eric Deutsh, Ibrahima Diallo, Christelle Dufour, Veronique Minard-Colin, Florent De Vathaire, Rodrigue Sétchéou Allodji, Brice Fresneau
Pamela Abdayem, MD, MSc
26 October 2026
[Slide 4]
Results – Patient Characteristics (2)
Characteristics | Total cohort N = 6,989 | SPLC cases n = 50
Radiotherapy
No | 3,112 (45%) | 11 (22%)
Yes | 3,877 (55%) | 39 (78%)
Whole-lung volume receiving ≥ 20 Gy among irradiated patients*
<30% | 3,024 (78%) | 25 (64%)
≥30% | 534 (14%) | 13 (33%)
Missing | 319 (8.2%) | 1 (2.6%)
Chemotherapy
No | 1,778 (25%) | 9 (18%)
Yes | 5,211 (75%) | 41 (82%)
Survival status at last follow-up
Alive | 5,406 (77%) | 18 (36%)
Deceased | 1,583 (23%) | 32 (64%)
Follow-up duration after primary cancer diagnosis (years) | 34.0 (27.1 – 42.1) | 38.5 (32.7 – 45.7)
Pamela Abdayem, MD, MSc
Lung Cancer Europe@LungCancerEu
Safety data: Lung Cancer Europe poster 3975P: financial toxicity of lung cancer, pan-European survey
The cost of #lungcancer goes far beyond health. 💶
At #ESMO26, our President Debra Montague presented our poster showing that 2 in 3 people affected by lung cancer face financial difficulties, and 82% of those struggling say money is a barrier to treatment and care.
📍 Poster 3975P
Read more and see the poster: https://t.co/TYdlD8xJcw #LCSM
Financial toxicity of lung cancer: Findings from a pan-European survey of people living with lung cancer and caregivers
Lung Cancer Europe
Authors: Diego Villalón, Angeliki Paraskevopoulou-Soun, Alexandre Brutt [?], Lavinia Magee [?], Merel Hennink, Nicoline Ehrhardt, Debra Montague
MÁS QUE IDEAS Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Lung Cancer Europe, Bern, Switzerland
BACKGROUND
Lung cancer is the leading cause of global cancer mortality. Beyond its physical and mental burden, lung cancer imposes a substantial and often overlooked financial impact on people living with lung cancer and caregivers. Understanding this impact is increasingly important as the cost-of-living crisis amplifies economic strain.
METHODS
An online survey (26 May–05 July 2023) examined the costs associated with lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care, as well as the impacts on employment, income, and access to resources. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse responses from 1,161 participants across 28 European countries (834 people living with lung cancer and 327 caregivers).
1,161 PARTICIPANTS | 834 PARTICIPANTS LIVING WITH LUNG CANCER | 327 CAREGIVERS | 28 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
RESULTS
Financial difficulties were reported by 66.7% of participants; 45.7% struggled to pay for lung cancer-related expenses. Of those experiencing financial difficulties, 82.1% viewed finances as a barrier to treatment, recovery, and care, and 67.5% reported mental health impacts.
Most reported a mix of medical (73.5%) and non-medical expenses (87.2%), with travel for medical reasons (83.7%), household utilities such as heating (77.3%), and personal care items such as dressings, bandages, and creams (72.3%) most reported. The financial impact of these costs was compounded by a decrease in household income for 62.9% of participants; 49.5% experiencing reductions of >30%. Causes were mainly related to employment changes: 39.7% cited an inability to work, and 27.9% and 26.8% lost income due to work absence and retirement due to illness, respectively. Support for those affected was limited: 39.2% and 46.7% of participants reported that financial benefits for people living with lung cancer and caregivers, respectively, were not available in their countries. Healthcare coverage and social welfare provisions vary notably across countries surveyed; the impacts were highest in Ukraine, Greece, Croatia, and Poland. 88.4% reported an impact on ≥1 area of daily life.
THE FINANCIAL BURDEN OF LUNG CANCER
Direct and indirect costs | Impact on household income | Support doesn't reach everyone
66.7% of participants reported financial difficulties | 62.9% of participants have faced a decrease in household income | 39.2% reported that financial benefits for people living with lung cancer were not available in their country
82.1% of those who reported financial difficulties viewed finances as a barrier to treatment and recovery | 49.5% reported reductions of more than 30% of their household income | 46.7% of participants reported that caregivers do not receive financial support in their country
• Burden of extra medical and non-medical expenses • Employment changes • Additional personal care items related to treatment | • Inability to work • Lost income due to work absence • Premature retirement due to illness | • Healthcare coverage and social welfare vary substantially • Countries most affected: Ukraine, Greece, Croatia, and Poland
CONCLUSION
Despite widespread financial hardship, targeted support for those impacted by lung cancer across Europe is limited. Routine financial toxicity screening, support for those at risk, and expanded income replacement policies are needed for those affected.
ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation@etop_ibcsg
1) Slide: Ross Soo with ETOP 27-23 ARCH trial-in-progress poster 2549TiP · 2) Slide: ETOP 27-23 ARCH trial-in-progress poster 2549TiP, full view
Ross Soo presenting our ETOP 27-23 ARCH TiP poster at #ESMO26. https://t.co/kH9V0iQD05
[Slide 1]
2549TiP – A randomised phase III trial of adjuvant cemiplimab in patients with resected stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC who have not received prior adjuvant chemotherapy (ETOP 27-23 ARCH)
Ross Soo, K. Vervita, P. Forde, S. Bölükbas, S. Martinez Recio, K. Medina Sanchez, C. Frenzel, J. Naidoo, M.R. Garcia Campelo, L. Mauti, A. Delmonte, K. Oselin, C. Aigner, Y. Oulkhouir, H. Roschitzki-Voser, E. Grolimund, S. Allemann, U. Dafni, S. Peters, R.A. Stahel, on behalf of the ARCH collaborators.
ETOP·IBCSG Foundation for International Lung & Breast Cancer Research
ESMO Congress 2026, Madrid, Spain, 23-27 October 2026
Background
Adjuvant atezolizumab and pembrolizumab are approved for treating patients with resected early-stage NSCLC after standard adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients who refuse or are deemed unfit to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, are currently not eligible for adjuvant immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as stipulated in formal regulatory approvals. This may lead to undertreatment and impaired overall outcomes. The efficacy of adjuvant ICIs in patients with PD-L1-positive resected NSCLC without prior adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy is unknown and requires prospective evaluation.
In the ARCH study, we hypothesise that adjuvant cemiplimab improves disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with resected PD-L1-positive stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC, who did not receive adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy.
Patient population
Patients with completely resected, stage IIA-IIIB (UICC/AJCC staging 9th Edition) NSCLC without postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy.
Trial endpoints
Primary endpoint:
• DFS (in patients with centrally confirmed PD-L1 expression ≥1%)
Secondary endpoints:
• Overall survival,
• safety (CTCAE v5.0).
Trial design
ARCH is a 1:1 randomised, stratified, multicentre, phase III study of adjuvant cemiplimab for one year versus observation in systemic treatment-naive patients with completely resected stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC.
The primary objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of adjuvant cemiplimab, as measured by DFS in patients with tumours with centrally confirmed PD-L1 expression ≥1%. The sample size: 350 evaluable patients; 390 patients to be randomized.
Screening | Trial Treatment | At relapse
Key eligibility criteria
• Resected pathological stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC with R0 margins
• No adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy due to:
– Patient refusal (capped at 20%), or
– Patient is unfit to receive adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy due to
• ECOG PS 2, or
• ECOG PS 0/1 and aged ≥70 years with substantial comorbidities or other contraindications to platinum-based chemotherapy
• PD-L1 expression of ≥1% (by locally approved test)
• No EGFR/ALK mutation
• Mandatory submission of FFPE tumour tissue for central PD-L1 testing
R 1:1*
Experimental arm
Cemiplimab
4 cycles: 350 mg i.v., Q3W, followed by
6 cycles: 700 mg i.v., Q6W,
or until relapse or unacceptable toxicities, whichever occurs first.
Control arm
Observation
Brain imaging (if not done during staging)
Blood sample for translational research
FFPE tumour tissue for central PD-L1 testing
CT-scans: year 1 & 2: every 3 months / year 3: every 6 months
Blood sample for translational research
(FFPE tumour tissue)
* Stratification factors: stage (II vs III), ECOG PS (PS 0/1 and refusal to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, capped at 20%, vs PS 0/1 and unfit to receive adjuvant chemotherapy vs PS 2) and tumour PD-L1 expression (1-49% vs ≥50%).
Trial organisat[ion]
The ARCH trial is sponsored and coordin[ated by the ETOP] IBCSG Partners Foundation, with financ[ial support from] Regeneron.
Study Chair: Ross Soo, Study Co-Chair: Patric[k Forde]
Surgery Chair: Servet Bölükbas.
Contact: ARCH@etop.ibcsg.org
A total of 35 centres from 9 [illegible] France, Germany, Italy [illegible] Switzerland) are particip[ating] [illegible]
[Slide 2]
2549TiP – A randomised phase III trial of adjuvant cemiplimab in patients with resected stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC who have not received prior adjuvant chemotherapy (ETOP 27-23 ARCH)
Ross Soo, K. Vervita, P. Forde, S. Bölükbas, S. Martinez Recio, K. Medina Sanchez, C. Frenzel, J. Naidoo, M.R. Garcia Campelo, L. Mauti, A. Delmonte, K. Oselin, C. Aigner, Y. Oulkhouir, H. Roschitzki-Voser, E. Grolimund, S. Allemann, U. Dafni, S. Peters, R.A. Stahel, on behalf of the ARCH collaborators.
ETOP·IBCSG Foundation for International Lung & Breast Cancer Research
ESMO Congress 2026, Madrid, Spain, 23-27 October 2026
Background
Adjuvant atezolizumab and pembrolizumab are approved for treating patients with resected early-stage NSCLC after standard adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients who refuse or are deemed unfit to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, are currently not eligible for adjuvant immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as stipulated in formal regulatory approvals. This may lead to undertreatment and impaired overall outcomes. The efficacy of adjuvant ICIs in patients with PD-L1-positive resected NSCLC without prior adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy is unknown and requires prospective evaluation.
In the ARCH study, we hypothesise that adjuvant cemiplimab improves disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with resected PD-L1-positive stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC, who did not receive adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy.
Patient population
Patients with completely resected, stage IIA-IIIB (UICC/AJCC staging 9th Edition) NSCLC without postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy.
Trial endpoints
Primary endpoint:
• DFS (in patients with centrally confirmed PD-L1 expression ≥1%)
Secondary endpoints:
• Overall survival,
• safety (CTCAE v5.0).
Trial design
ARCH is a 1:1 randomised, stratified, multicentre, phase III study of adjuvant cemiplimab for one year versus observation in systemic treatment-naive patients with completely resected stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC.
The primary objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of adjuvant cemiplimab, as measured by DFS in patients with tumours with centrally confirmed PD-L1 expression ≥1%. The sample size: 350 evaluable patients; 390 patients to be randomized.
Screening | Trial Treatment | At relapse
Key eligibility criteria
• Resected pathological stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC with R0 margins
• No adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy due to:
– Patient refusal (capped at 20%), or
– Patient is unfit to receive adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy due to
• ECOG PS 2, or
• ECOG PS 0/1 and aged ≥70 years with substantial comorbidities or other contraindications to platinum-based chemotherapy
• PD-L1 expression of ≥1% (by locally approved test)
• No EGFR/ALK mutation
• Mandatory submission of FFPE tumour tissue for central PD-L1 testing
R 1:1*
Experimental arm
Cemiplimab
4 cycles: 350 mg i.v., Q3W, followed by
6 cycles: 700 mg i.v., Q6W,
or until relapse or unacceptable toxicities, whichever occurs first.
Control arm
Observation
Brain imaging (if not done during staging)
Blood sample for translational research
FFPE tumour tissue for central PD-L1 testing
CT-scans: year 1 & 2: every 3 months / year 3: every 6 months
Blood sample for translational research
Blood sample for translational research
(FFPE tumour tissue)
* Stratification factors: stage (II vs III), ECOG PS (PS 0/1 and refusal to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, capped at 20%, vs PS 0/1 and unfit to receive adjuvant chemotherapy vs PS 2) and tumour PD-L1 expression (1-49% vs ≥50%).
Trial organisation
The ARCH trial is sponsored and coordinated by the ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, with financial support from Regeneron.
Study Chair: Ross Soo, Study Co-Chair: Patrick Forde,
Surgery Chair: Servet Bölükbas.
Contact: ARCH@etop.ibcsg.org
A total of 35 centres from 9 countries (Austria, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, Ireland, Singapore, Spain and Switzerland) are participating in the ARCH trial.
The first patient has been randomised in January 2026 and the accrual as of 30 September 2026 is 20 patients.
This presentation is the intellectual property of the authors and the ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation. Please refer to contact@etop.ibcsg.org for permission to reprint and/or distribute.
Trial registrations: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06931717 | EU CT Number 2024-519901-36
OncoDaily@oncodaily
Trial design schema: Authors with poster 1976P: Bifidobacterium animalis BL-04 with nivolumab in metastatic
Nivolumab With or Without BL-04 Study Highlights an Early Overall Survival Signal at ESMO 2026 - Sumanta K. Pal
@montypal
https://t.co/3cw51Plj3c https://t.co/e3NiunnyXQ
ESMO CONGRESS 2026 MERIT AWARD
1976P
Impact of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-04 on Survival and Circulating Immune Profiles in Metastatic NSCLC Patients Treated with Nivolumab: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (NCT06428422)
BACKGROUND
• Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota can stimulate antitumour immune responses through interactions with CD8+ T cells, Th1 cells and tumour-associated myeloid cells.
• Dysbiotic microbial communities have been associated with weaker responses to PD-1 blockade.
• The aim of this study was to assess whether the Bifidobacterium-containing probiotic BL-04 could improve clinical outcomes and survival when added to second-line nivolumab in patients with mNSCLC.
METHODS
Randomized 1:1 - double blind
BL-04 + nivolumab n = 35
Placebo + nivolumab n = 34
RESULTS - SURVIVAL
Progression Free Survival
Overall Survival
PLACEBO GROUP
BL-04 GROUP
RESULTS - CIRCULATING IMMUNE PROFILES
• Arms were well-matched at entry PD-L1 ex[obscured]
• No baseline immunophenotypic separation [obscured] p=0.475.
• Median PFS was 4.57 months (95% CI 2.8[obscured]
• OS diverged significantly: 18.62 months [obscured] (p=0.003).
Safety & adherence: No serious adverse events [obscured]
Tri-specific Ab coming to clinical trials
What this drugs can improve? Can this strategy help to improve sequencing in #nsclc #lcsm #ESMO26
Concerns about new side effects 👀
@myESMO https://t.co/vI8oYxjiQK
[Slide 1]
A phase 2 study of CS2009, a first-in-class PD-1/VEGF/CTLA-4 trispecific antibody, in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Anwen Xiong1, Yan Yu2, Longhua Sun3, Peng Zhang4, Wenxiu Yao5, Yunjian Huang6, Sanxing Guo7, Liang Han8, Xiaorong Dong9, Jian Fang10, Yueyin Pan11, Jianhua Shi12, Benjamin Solomon13, Jingru Wang14, Qiang Wang14, Teng Fang14, Hangjun Dai14, Qingmei Shi14, Jason Yang15, Caicun Zhou1
[Affiliation list in very small print, largely illegible; includes Shanghai East Hospital, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, CStone Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.]
Presenter: Dr. Anwen Xiong
Madrid, Spain | 25 October 2026
[Slide 3]
Conclusion
• CS2009 demonstrated robust and consistent antitumor activity in advanced NSCLC, both as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, across treatment-naïve and IO-pretreated populations.
• CS2009 was well tolerated with a favorable safety profile in advanced NSCLC, both as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, without excessive CTLA-4- or VEGF-related toxicities observed. The safety profile is consistent with that previously reported at 2026 ASCO and 2025 ESMO.
• Phase 3 MRCT in first-line NSCLC is being planned.
Dr. Anwen Xiong
Secondary commentary
KOL infographics 91
Summary graphics that physicians, media and companies designed themselves (branded cards, redraws, watchlists and top-10 lists). They are commentary, not the presented data, so they sit here in compact form. Click a thumbnail to enlarge it on this page.
Lung 91
KOL infographic: (LBA3) summary card by Aakash Desai
#ESMO26 DeLLphi-305: tarlatamab+durva vs durva, 1L maintenance ES-SCLC
➡️ OS 21.1 vs 12.7 mo, HR 0.42
➡️ PFS 7.4 vs 1.9 mo, HR 0.34
➡️ CRS 49.6% (G3+ 0.4%)
Amazing to be part of this practice-changing study on the global steering committee!!
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/BfjokrDpim
Congrats to the SARON investigators! Important randomized data for a question we face all the time. 👏
Consolidation RT improved local control and PFS, but no OS benefit demonstrated: HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.63-1.55).
The RT details caught my eye. Of 62 pts who received RT, 51 had conventional treatment to the primary and only 11 had primary SABR. About 53% of the full cohort had N2/3 disease.
Side note: in the separate 13-pt ESTRO safety substudy, the most common schedules were 55 Gy/20 fx to the primary (10/13 pts) and 27 Gy/3 fx to thoracic mets (4/14 lesions). Those are substudy doses, not the dose distribution for the whole trial.
Curious how pts who actually received SABR to all sites did. That would be exploratory, but I'd like to see the dose/volume details and patterns of failure before generalizing these results to patients receiving total consolidation.
Looking forward to the full paper! #ESMO26 #radonc
https://t.co/3AtnSapEMk
"Equitable access to cross-over: at time of POD, only 12.2% of ITT population in the durvalumab arm (34/278) and 18.9% (34/179) of those who received subsequent anti-cancer therapies had access to tarlatamab."
@drshieldsmd https://t.co/PuYlaxfI4q https://t.co/RDMQKqGIMK
🥊 ES-SCLC | THE POWER OF PARTNERSHIP!
2018: ATEZO opens the game! (IMpower133, OS HR 0.70)
2019: DURVA joins the fight! (CASPIAN, HR 0.73)
2025: ATEZO + LURBI enter maintenance! (IMforte, HR 0.73)
🔥 2026: DURVA + TARLA raise the stakes! (DeLLphi-305, HR 0.42)
🔮 NEXT: DeLLphi-312 takes TARLA into first line. Results awaited!
💡 A smart drug can change practice. The right partner, at the right time, can change the game!
HRs reflect separate trials—not head-to-head comparisons.
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol
#ESMO26 #SCLC #Immunotherapy #Tarlatamab #MVOnco
ES-SCLC – The Power of Partnership!
MV Onco
2018 | IMpower133 OS HR 0.70 | ATEZO: "I opened the game!" | Carboplatin, Etoposide
2019 | CASPIAN OS HR 0.73 | DURVA: "Nice start, Atezo. I've got platinum options!" | Cisplatin, Carboplatin + Etoposide
2025 | IMforte Maintenance OS HR 0.73 | ATEZO: "Lurbi, let's power up maintenance!" | LURBI | Cytotoxic burden
2026 | DeLLphi-305 Maintenance OS HR 0.42 | DURVA: "Tarla, now that's a power partner!" | TARLA DLL3 x CD3 | T-cell engagement
The Future | First line DeLLphi-312 | Phase III ongoing - results awaited. | "Why wait for maintenance?"
A smart drug can change practice... The right partner, at the right time, can change the game!
1) KOL infographic: MV Onco illustrated card: tarlatamab enters maintenance (ESMO 2026 LBA3) · 2) KOL infographic: MV Onco notebook card: tarlatamab + durvalumab design and OS (LBA3) · 3) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic: LBA3 Part 2/3 - PFS, response & safety · 4) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic: LBA3 - why practice-changing, critical
[Slide 1]
DeLLphi-305 | ESMO 2026 | LBA3
TARLATAMAB ENTERS MAINTENANCE!
MV Onco
[cartoon illustration: MAINTENANCE sign; characters labeled DURVA and TARLA; speech bubble "WHY WAIT FOR RELAPSE?"; character labeled SCLC fleeing through door labeled PROGRESSION]
OVERALL SURVIVAL: 21.1 months vs 12.7 months; HR 0.42
PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL: 7.4 months vs 1.9 months; HR 0.34
OBJECTIVE RESPONSE: 26.4% vs 4.1%
Tarla + Durva vs Durva alone
CRS 49.6%
Grade ≥3: 0.4%
A NEW CHAPTER IN ES-SCLC MAINTENANCE?
Survival measured from maintenance randomization.
[Slide 2]
DeLLphi-305 | ESMO 2026 | LBA3
TARLATAMAB + DURVALUMAB
MV Onco
01 TRIAL DESIGN
Phase III | 563 patients | ES-SCLC
No progression after first-line platinum-etoposide + durvalumab.
Randomized 1:1
ARM A — TARLATAMAB + DURVA (n = 282)
Tarlatamab IV: 1 mg D1 → 10 mg D8/D15 → 10 mg Q2W
Durvalumab: 1,500 mg IV Q4W
ARM B — DURVA ALONE (n = 281)
Durvalumab: 1,500 mg IV Q4W
Treatment until progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Primary endpoint: OS | Key secondary: PFS
02 OVERALL SURVIVAL
Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months
HR 0.42 (95% CI 0.32 – 0.54)
P < 0.001
→ 58% lower hazard of death.
→ 8.4-month difference in median OS.
03 12-MONTH SURVIVAL
12-month OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
→ 26.1-percentage-point absolute difference.
Median follow-up: 15.9 vs 16.1 months
A substantial separation in survival is already evident at approximately 16 months of median follow-up.
TAKE-HOME
Adding tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance produced a striking OS benefit in ES-SCLC.
Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months | HR 0.42
OS measured from maintenance randomization, NOT from the start of chemotherapy.
[Slide 3]
DeLLphi-305 | ESMO 2026 | LBA3
TARLATAMAB + DURVALUMAB
PART 2/3 - PFS, RESPONSE & SAFETY
MV Onco
Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs Durvalumab alone
01. PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL
• Median PFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 months
• HR 0.34 (95% CI 0.28 - 0.42)
• P < 0.001
→ 66% lower hazard of progression or death.
→ 5.5-month difference in median PFS.
Clinical interpretation:
The combination substantially delays progression during maintenance.
02. OBJECTIVE RESPONSE
• ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%
• P < 0.001
→ 22.3-percentage-point absolute improvement.
→ Approximately 6.4-fold higher response rate.
Clinical interpretation:
Meaningful additional antitumour activity after initial chemoimmunotherapy.
- Responses assessed during the maintenance phase.
03. SAFETY: THE CLINICAL TRADE-OFF
Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent AEs
• 46.8% vs 40.6%
→ 6.2-percentage-point absolute increase.
CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME
• Any-grade CRS: 49.6% vs 1.4%
• Grade ≥3 CRS: 0.4% vs 0%
→ CRS was common but predominantly low grade.
NEUROTOXICITY - ICANS
• Any-grade: 1.1% vs 0%
• Grade ≥3: 0% in both arms
→ No severe ICANS reported.
Clinical pearl:
Low rates of severe CRS do not eliminate the need for step-up dosing and careful monitoring.
TAKE-HOME
• Tarlatamab + durvalumab delivers substantial PFS and response benefits, with frequent but predominantly low-grade CRS.
• PFS HR 0.34 | ORR 26.4% vs 4.1%
• The efficacy benefit must be balanced against CRS monitoring and treatment logistics.
[Slide 4]
DeLLphi-305 | ESMO 2026 | LBA3
TARLATAMAB + DURVALUMAB
MV Onco
01 WHY IS THIS PRACTICE-CHANGING?
• A positive phase III trial with OS as the primary endpoint.
• OS HR 0.42 | PFS HR 0.34
→ Large, consistent survival and disease-control benefits.
THE STRATEGIC SHIFT
• Tarlatamab is introduced during MAINTENANCE, before progression.
• Previously used in relapsed SCLC, it now demonstrates substantial benefit when introduced earlier.
Clinical interpretation:
This could redefine first-line maintenance after platinum-etoposide + durvalumab.
02 THREE CRITICAL INTERPRETATIONS
① THE SURVIVAL CLOCK MATTERS
• OS and PFS measured from maintenance randomization.
• The 21.1-month median OS cannot be directly compared with CASPIAN OS measured from initial randomization.
② PATIENT SELECTION MATTERS
• Only patients without progression after platinum-etoposide + durvalumab were randomized.
• Results cannot automatically be extrapolated to patients progressing during induction.
③ EARLY vs DELAYED TARLATAMAB?
• DeLLphi-305 did NOT directly compare maintenance tarlatamab with guaranteed tarlatamab at relapse.
• Subsequent-treatment data are important when interpreting the survival advantage.
03 WHAT ABOUT REAL-WORLD PRACTICE?
• AFTER ATEZOLIZUMAB?
• Direct evidence following atezolizumab-based induction is lacking.
• CRS & TREATMENT LOGISTICS
• Step-up dosing, CRS monitoring and experienced treatment teams remain essential.
• ACCESS & COST
• Regulatory approval, drug availability and affordability will influence adoption.
• LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP
• Longer follow-up is needed to clarify durability and late toxicity.
Clinical interpretation:
Strong efficacy must be matched by safe and feasible implementation.
TAKE-HOME
• DeLLphi-305 is a major positive phase III trial that could redefine first-line maintenance in ES-SCLC.
• The key advance: introducing tarlatamab BEFORE progression.
• Compelling OS benefit — but patient selection, monitoring and access remain important.
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: KOL-made MDT-BRIDGE summary graphic: neoadjuvant durvalumab + chemotherapy then MDT-guided local
Jeff Ryckman@jryckman3
Post text
Congrats to Reck, Spicer, Filippi and team on the full MDT-BRIDGE paper in Nature Medicine! Really appreciate seeing the RT protocol and full denominators alongside the ASTRO results. 👏
This single-arm ph2 enrolled 142 pts with resectable or borderline-resectable stage IIB-selected IIIB, EGFR/ALK-wt NSCLC. Durvalumab + platinum chemo x2c→ MDT reassessment→ additional chemoimmunotherapy and surgery, or CRT, followed by durvalumab.
Resection was 74.6% (95CI 66.7-81.6), with R0 in 96.2% of those who started surgery. pCR was 27.3% in the resectable analysis cohort. The 12-mo EFS estimates are 88.5% overall and 90.1% in that resectable cohort. Different denominators, same readout.
The RT protocol details are useful: nominal 60/30 (60 Gy ±10% in 2 Gy fx), 5 fx/wk for ~6 wk, concurrent or sequential platinum chemo. SBRT was not allowed. IMRT with daily CBCT was preferred, then consolidation durvalumab q4w up to 12c.
All 25 pts who started CRT completed it: 21 concurrent, 4 sequential. 23 received consolidation durvalumab. The post hoc CRT-treated analysis estimated 12-mo PFS at 85% (95CI 59.8-95.0), measured from the FIRST study-treatment dose, including induction.
CRT-period G3/4 AEs were 28%; pneumonitis 8% (2 pts, both G2). During consolidation, G3/4 AEs were 17.4%, AE discontinuation 13%, and pneumonitis 8.7% (G1/2). One cardiac-failure AE death occurred during consolidation; the paper reports no treatment-related AE deaths in that period. The safety windows extend beyond treatment delivery and can overlap.
The ESMO ctDNA analysis adds an interesting association. Pre-Sx/CRT clearance occurred in 33/90 evaluable pts (36.7%). C2D1 clearance had an 83.3% PPV for pCR (95CI 43.6-99.1).
Among resected pts, no EFS events occurred with pre-Sx clearance (n=28); 12-mo EFS without clearance was 88.9% (n=40). In CRT-treated pts, 12-mo PFS was 100% with pre-CRT clearance vs 77.5% without. The paper now supplies those subgroup sizes: just 4 vs 16 pts, with 2 vs 6 at risk at 12 mo. One later event occurred in the clearance group, so 100% is a timepoint estimate, not no events throughout follow-up.
Useful prospective evidence that patients can reach definitive CRT after starting on a surgical pathway. The unanswered question remains who benefits from that sequence versus going directly to CRT or selecting for NAC-ICO with intent for organ preservation. Selected cohorts, immature EFS/PFS and no reported OS cannot settle that, and ctDNA does not yet tell us which local therapy to choose or omit.
https://t.co/he6OT4TsJ5
https://t.co/LaiIFjAdII
#radonc #ESMO26 #LCSM
🔥🔥#ESMO26 Top Thoracic Abstracts:
#DeLLphi305:
Phase III (n=563): Tarlatamab + Durvalumab vs Durvalumab as 1L maintenance after chemo-IO in ES-SCLC
Definitely practice changing if we are able to deliver to more pts in the community , moving tarlatamab 1L maintenance
▶️Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months (HR 0.42) 🔥
▶️12-month OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
▶️Median PFS: 7.4 vs 1.9 months (HR 0.34)
▶️ORR: 26.4% vs 4.1%
⚠️ Grade ≥3 AEs: 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS 49.6% (mostly low grade).
#lcsm
@SclcSMASHERS
1/ My top 7 thoracic picks for #ESMO26 (Madrid, Oct 23–27), ranked. @myESMO
5 of these phase 3s already announced positive toplines. ESMO is where we finally see effect sizes.
The question each one answers 🧵 #LCSM
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/fmhhGivXPE
Dr. Aakash Desai
Associate Director, Phase 1 and Precision Oncology
@ADesaiMD
My Top Picks for ESMO 2026!
CLINICAL REVIEW
ESMO Congress 2026 · Madrid · Oct 23–27 · Thoracic phase 3 readouts and early-phase ADCs, ranked
7 | 2658RO | c-Met ADC
Temab-A
Telisotuzumab adizutecan: c-Met-directed ADC with a Top1i payload
Phase 1 first-in-human study, overall survival analysis in nonsquamous NSCLC
Rapid Oral 1: NSCLC, metastatic
Sat Oct 24 · 09:27 CEST
AbbVie reports:
EGFR wild-type (n=48): ORR 50%, median OS 13.8 mo
EGFR-mutant (n=41): ORR 63%, median OS 16.2 mo
EGFR wild-type, c-Met 3+ ≥25%: median OS ~19.2 mo
Watching: Does c-Met expression level select who benefits? Phase 3 AndroMETa-Lung-167 vs standard of care is underway.
1 | LBA6 | EGFR + MET
SAFFRON
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed
EGFRm, MET-overexpressed and/or amplified NSCLC after osimertinib
Presidential Symposium II
Sun Oct 25 · 16:54 CET
Sponsor topline: PFS and OS met (AstraZeneca / HUTCHMED)
Watching: How large is the benefit, and which MET IHC/FISH cutoff selects patients?
2 | LBA3 | DLL3×CD3
DeLLphi-305
Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab
1L maintenance in ES-SCLC after durvalumab + platinum–etoposide
Presidential Symposium I
Sat Oct 24 · 17:18 CEST
Sponsor topline: OS met at interim; PFS and ORR also met (Amgen)
Watching: How big is the OS gain, and can clinics deliver T-cell engager monitoring in maintenance?
3 | LBA5 | KRAS G12C
Krascendo 1
Divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib
Previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated advanced NSCLC
Presidential Symposium II
Sun Oct 25 · 16:30 CET
Sponsor topline: PFS met; OS significant at interim (Roche)
Watching: How wide is the gap within the G12C class, and at what tolerability?
4 | LBA66 | TROP2 ADC
OptiTROP-Lung06
Sac-TMT + pembrolizumab vs chemo + pembrolizumab
1L PD-L1-negative (TPS <1%) nonsquamous NSCLC
Proffered Paper 1: NSCLC, metastatic
Sun Oct 25 · 10:53 CET
Sponsor topline: PFS met at interim; positive OS trend (Kelun-Biotech)
Watching: Can a TROP2 ADC replace the platinum doublet alongside IO?
5 | LBA71 | EGFR×HER3
PANKU-Lung01
Iza-bren (bispecific ADC) vs platinum–pemetrexed
EGFR-mutant nonsquamous NSCLC after a 3rd-gen EGFR TKI
Proffered Paper 2: NSCLC, metastatic
Mon Oct 26 · 09:14 CET
Sponsor topline: PFS met at interim (Sichuan Biokin)
Watching: First effect sizes: how big is the PFS gain, and at what toxicity?
6 | 3837RO | SEZ6 ADC
ABBV-706
SEZ6-directed Top1i ADC, phase 1
Relapsed/refractory SCLC
Rapid Oral: Non-metastatic NSCLC and other thoracic
Mon Oct 26 · 10:15 CET
AbbVie reports: ORR 56%, median OS 12.4 mo at 1.8 mg/kg (2L+, n=41)
Watching: Where does SEZ6 fit next to DLL3 and B7-H3 in SCLC?
Key Clinical Impacts & Future Directions
• After osimertinib: MET (SAFFRON), TROP2 (OptiTROP-Lung04 final OS, LBA67) or EGFR×HER3 (PANKU-Lung01): which patients get which next step?
• ES-SCLC: Does tarlatamab move into 1L maintenance, and how does that reshape later lines (DLL3, SEZ6, B7-H3)?
• KRAS G12C: Does a next-generation inhibitor reset the second-line standard?
• 1L PD-L1-negative: Can an ADC replace platinum chemotherapy alongside pembrolizumab?
• Biomarkers: MET IHC/FISH, c-Met level, SEZ6: which assays will we need at diagnosis and at progression?
• Phase 1 to phase 3: Will early ADC signals hold up against standard of care?
Times are Madrid local (CEST on Oct 24; CET from Oct 25). Toplines are as stated in sponsor releases; full data pending. Not medical advice.
Source: ESMO 2026 Congress program | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai
🚨 Major SCLC results at #ESMO26!
Phase III DeLLphi-305 (N=563): tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC.
Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 mo
HR 0.42 (95% CI 0.32–0.54)
12-mo OS: 79.4% vs 53.3%
An important survival advance. #LCSM https://t.co/WhlgNCfDyQ
DeLLphi-305
Tarlatamab + Durvalumab at ESMO 2026
Phase III • 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC
Primary analysis • ESMO 2026 • LBA3
Tarlatamab + durvalumab versus durvalumab maintenance after 1L durvalumab + platinum-etoposide in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
STUDY DESIGN
N = 563 randomized 1:1 • tarlatamab + durva 282 • durva 281
Population: ES-SCLC without progression after 1L durva + platinum-etoposide
Tarlatamab 1 mg C1D1; 10 mg C1D8, C1D15, then Q2W; durva 1500 mg Q4W
Primary: OS; Key secondary: investigator-assessed PFS · ORR, safety
Median follow-up 15.9 vs 16.1 mo
KEY EFFICACY: OVERALL SURVIVAL
Median OS: Tarlatamab + durva 21.1 months | Durva 12.7 months
Median (95% CI): 21.1 (20.8-NE) vs 12.7 (11.2-14.8)
HR 0.42 (95% CI 0.32-0.54), P<0.001
12-mo OS 79.4% vs 53.3%
PFS 7.4 vs 1.9 mo, HR 0.34 (0.28-0.42), P<0.001
ORR 26.4% vs 4.1% (P<0.001)
SAFETY
Any-grade TEAEs: Tarla+durva 99.6% | Durva 92.8%
Grade ≥3 TEAEs: Tarla+durva 46.8% | Durva 40.6%
CRS 49.6% vs 1.4% · grade ≥3: 0.4% vs 0
ICANS 1.1% vs 0 · no grade ≥3
No fatal CRS or ICANS events
WHY IT MATTERS
This phase III maintenance study showed substantial improvements in OS, PFS, and ORR for tarlatamab + durvalumab in ES-SCLC after induction therapy. Safety requires attention, especially CRS, but most CRS and ICANS events were low grade and no fatal CRS or ICANS events were reported.
Source: Sands J, et al. ESMO 2026, Abstract LBA3 (Oct 24 2026).
1) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic part 1/4: rationale and design · 2) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic part 2/4: efficacy (OS, PFS, ORR) with redrawn KM · 3) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic part 3/4: safety (CRS, ICANS, AEs) · 4) KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic part 4/4: critical appraisal (Tarla now or later?)
ESMO 2026 | LBA6 | Proffered Paper
SAFFRON Phase III
Osimertinib + Savolitinib vs Platinum-Pemetrexed
in EGFRm MET-overexpressed and/or -amplified advanced NSCLC post-osimertinib
MET OE/AMP
Osimertinib 80 mg QD + Savolitinib 300 mg BID (n=171) VS Platinum-pemetrexed (n=167)
Median PFS (by BICR): Osimertinib + savolitinib 7.6 mo (95% CI 5.6–9.7) | Platinum-pemetrexed 5.4 mo (95% CI 4.2–5.8); HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42–0.72) p<0.001
Median OS: Osimertinib + savolitinib 17.8 mo (95% CI 15.6–23.7) | Platinum-pemetrexed 12.9 mo (95% CI 10.6–16.8); HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.91) p=0.010
Key take-home message: Dual EGFR/MET inhibition significantly improves PFS and OS vs chemotherapy with a manageable safety profile, in MET-selected NSCLC after osimertinib.
@DrRishabhOnco
1) KOL infographic: LBA6 cartoon summary (MV Onco): osimertinib + savolitinib · 2) KOL infographic: LBA6 Part 1/3 rationale & design (MV Onco) · 3) KOL infographic: LBA6 efficacy card (MV Onco): PFS, OS, DoR, investigator PFS · 4) KOL infographic: LBA6 Part 3/3 safety & verdict (MV Onco)
🧡 SAFFRON | #ESMO2026 | LBA6
EGFR blocked. MET escapes. SAFFRON closes the route!
Phase III (n=338): Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed in MET-high, EGFR-mutated NSCLC after osimertinib.
📈 PFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 mo | HR 0.55
❤️ OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 mo | HR 0.68
⏳ DoR: 9.7 vs 5.7 mo
⚖️ Safety: Grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs 40% vs 52%, but serious AEs 41% vs 28% and discontinuations 14% vs 8%.
🎯 Verdict: Dual EGFR/MET blockade improves survival. MET selection is crucial; toxicity remains a trade-off.
📚 Ref: Lu S et al. SAFFRON, Phase III. ESMO 2026; LBA6.
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol
#MVOnco #LungCancer
MARIPOSA-2 vs SAFFRON | #ESMO2026
Two phase III trials. Two strategies after osimertinib progression in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
🔹 MARIPOSA-2: Amivantamab + chemotherapy, without MET selection. PFS HR 0.48; OS HR 0.73 (not significant at IA2).
🟠 SAFFRON: Chemotherapy-free osimertinib + savolitinib in MET-high disease. PFS HR 0.55; OS HR 0.68 (p=0.010).
Broad applicability vs biomarker-selected precision.
⚠️ Cross-trial comparisons cannot establish superiority.
Refs: Passaro et al., Ann Oncol 2024; Popat et al., ESMO 2024; Lu et al., ESMO 2026 (LBA6).
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol #MVOnco #LungCancer
MARIPOSA-2 vs SAFFRON
MV Onco
PARAMETER | MARIPOSA-2 | SAFFRON
Trial | Phase III; n=657 | Phase III; n=338
Population | EGFRm, post-osimertinib | EGFRm + MET-high, post-osimertinib
MET selection | Not required | IHC 3+ ≥90% or FISH ≥10 copies
Experimental arm | Amivantamab + carboplatin-pemetrexed | Osimertinib + savolitinib
Comparator | Carboplatin-pemetrexed | Cisplatin/carboplatin-pemetrexed
Chemotherapy-free? | NO | YES
Median PFS | 6.3 vs 4.2 mo | 7.6 vs 5.4 mo
PFS HR | 0.48 | 0.55
Median OS | 17.7 vs 15.3 mo | 17.8 vs 12.9 mo
OS HR | 0.73 | 0.68
OS significance | Not significant at IA2 | Significant (p=0.010)
Median DoR | 6.9 vs 5.6 mo | 9.7 vs 5.7 mo
Grade ≥3 all-cause AEs | 72% | 64%
Serious all-cause AEs | 32% | 41%
MARIPOSA-2: BROAD APPLICABILITY | SAFFRON: MET-SELECTED PRECISION
CROSS-TRIAL COMPARISON ≠ HEAD-TO-HEAD EVIDENCE
Passaro A et al. Ann Oncol 2024; Popat S et al. ESMO 2024; Lu S et al. ESMO 2026 LBA6.
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: KOL-made summary graphic: sac-TMT + pembrolizumab vs chemo + pembro, PD-L1 <1%
OptiTROP-Lung06
Phase III: sac-TMT + pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy + pembrolizumab
1L advanced nonsquamous NSCLC PD-L1 TPS <1% EGFR/ALK-negative n=455 → 1:1 RANDOMIZE
Pemetrexed + cis/carboplatin + pembrolizumab | mPFS mo 5.7 (95% CI 5.5–7.4) | OS HR Immature —
Sac-TMT + pembrolizumab | mPFS mo 15.0 (95% CI 9.9–NE) | OS HR 0.58
HRs, sac-TMT vs chemotherapy: PFS 0.49 (95% CI 0.36–0.65); OS 0.58 (95% CI 0.38–0.88)
N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2611280. ESMO 2026, LBA66.
Primary endpoint: PFS by BICR.
Design from press/secondary reports; abstract not verified
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: iNATURE (LBA52) study design schematic with median PFS - KOL-made
Jeff Ryckman@jryckman3
Post text
iNATURE (LBA52): personalized neoantigen vaccine vs placebo, both after CLERT, in 35 pts with refractory metastatic solid tumors (74% lung, median 3 prior lines). Median PFS 10.3 vs 3.1 mo, HR 0.29 (95% CI 0.12-0.71).
What is CLERT? 🤔
Per the protocol paper (Front Immunol 2025): "critical lesion eliminating RT".
SBRT 24-30Gy/3Fx or 6Gy/3Fx (pre-stratified high vs low dose) to lesions threatening life/QOL, with an effective dose to circulating lymphocytes limit (<5% G2+ lymphopenia) and OAR at 80% of NCCN limits. The cap can go up to the full limit near the brainstem or esophagus, or after prior RT. Vaccine starts 1 wk after RT.
Still want to know: high vs low dose outcomes, # lesions treated, and were the lesions with >30% shrinkage irradiated? Both arms got RT, so this tests adding the vaccine after CLERT. It doesn’t establish CLERT’s benefit or RT-vaccine synergy.
#ESMO26 #radonc #OncTwitter
https://t.co/LV0h72EuDb
🧬 Important negative biomarker finding from #FLAURA2 at #ESMO26.
Early plasma EGFRm clearance was prognostic, but did NOT identify patients who could forgo chemotherapy.
Week-6 clearance:
• Osi + chemo: 88%
• Osi alone: 89% https://t.co/T4zQP8rCdY
DeLLphi-305 (LBA3): tarlatamab + durva vs durva maintenance in ES-SCLC without progression after durva + platinum-etoposide.
OS HR 0.42 (CI 0.32-0.54); 12-mo OS 79% vs 53%, median OS 21 vs 13 mo.
Impressive OS signal. Was thoracic consolidation RT allowed? The abstract doesn't say. If so, would be interested to see fractionation/dosing schemes and how RT was interdigitated.
#ESMO26 #radonc
https://t.co/wazLJ6ejpv
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 2/ SAFFRON (LBA6), Oct 25, 16:54 CET
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed, EGFRm MET-high NSCLC after osimertinib.
Sponsors report PFS + OS wins. How big, and which MET IHC/FISH cutoff selects patients?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/a1jM7oyRXW
#ESMO26 · PUBLISHED TOPLINE
SAFFRON
LBA6
Presidential Symposium II
Sun Oct 25 · 16:54 CET
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed
EGFRm NSCLC, MET-overexpressed and/or amplified, after osimertinib
DESIGN
• Phase 3, randomized, open-label, global
• N = 338; 230 centers, 29 countries
• Savolitinib 300 mg BID + osimertinib 80 mg QD vs platinum doublet
• Progression on 1L or 2L osimertinib; high MET cutoffs (IHC/FISH) from SAVANNAH
• Primary: PFS · Key secondary: OS, ORR
PUBLISHED TOPLINE
PFS Met (primary endpoint)
OS Met (key secondary)
Safety No new safety findings
"statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in both PFS and OS versus doublet platinum-based chemotherapy"
No hazard ratios, medians or response rates disclosed yet. Full results at ESMO.
Source: AstraZeneca and HUTCHMED press releases, 17 Aug 2026 (high-level results). Design details: same releases.
Dr. Aakash Desai | @ADesaiMD
KOL infographic: (LBA3) published topline card - Dr. Aakash Desai
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 3/ DeLLphi-305 (LBA3), Oct 24, 17:18 CEST
Tarlatamab + durvalumab as 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC.
Amgen reports an OS win at interim. How large, and can clinics deliver T-cell engager monitoring in maintenance?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/g8um5k4dwG
#ESMO26 · PUBLISHED TOPLINE
DeLLphi-305
LBA3
Presidential Symposium I
Sat Oct 24 · 17:18 CEST
Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab
1L maintenance in ES-SCLC without progression after durvalumab + platinum–etoposide
DESIGN
• Phase 3, randomized 1:1, open-label, global
• N = 563
• Treated and untreated asymptomatic brain mets allowed
• Monitoring 1–2 h after C1D1 and C1D8 tarlatamab (6–8 h in some regions incl. Europe)
• Primary: OS · Secondary: PFS, ORR
PUBLISHED TOPLINE
OS Met at prespecified interim (primary)
PFS Significant improvement (secondary)
ORR Significant improvement (secondary)
"statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival ... compared to durvalumab alone"
No hazard ratios, medians or response rates disclosed yet. Full results at ESMO.
Source: Amgen press release, 8 Sep 2026 (AstraZeneca release same day). Sponsor: Amgen, partial funding by AstraZeneca.
Dr. Aakash Desai | @ADesaiMD
KOL infographic: Krascendo 1 (LBA5) published topline card - Dr. Aakash Desai
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 4/ Krascendo 1 (LBA5), Oct 25, 16:30 CET
Divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib, pretreated KRAS G12C NSCLC.
Roche reports PFS + OS wins. How wide is the gap within the G12C class, and at what tolerability?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/bq3FpEdrj8
#ESMO26 · PUBLISHED TOPLINE
Krascendo 1
LBA5
Presidential Symposium II
Sun Oct 25 · 16:30 CET
Divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib
Previously treated advanced KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC (head-to-head)
DESIGN
• Phase 3, randomized, open-label, multicentre
• N = 338
• Divarasib QD vs sotorasib QD or adagrasib BID
• Primary: PFS by BICR
• Secondary: OS, confirmed ORR, DoR, safety
PUBLISHED TOPLINE
PFS Met (primary, BICR)
OS Significant at interim analysis
Safety No new findings; common TRAEs manageable, reversible
"clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements in both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)"
No hazard ratios, medians or response rates disclosed yet. Full results at ESMO.
Source: Roche press release (ad hoc announcement), 2 Jul 2026; Genentech release 1 Jul 2026 (US).
Dr. Aakash Desai | @ADesaiMD
KOL infographic: (LBA66) preview card: sac-TMT + pembrolizumab vs chemo + pembrolizumab, published
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 5/ OptiTROP-Lung06 (LBA66), Oct 25, 10:53 CET
Sac-TMT + pembro vs chemo + pembro, 1L PD-L1-negative nonsquamous NSCLC.
PFS met per Kelun-Biotech. Can a TROP2 ADC replace the platinum doublet alongside IO?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/XWMc6SJ3gy
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 6/ PANKU-Lung01 (LBA71), Oct 26, 09:14 CET
Iza-bren (EGFR×HER3 bispecific ADC) vs platinum–pemetrexed after 3rd-gen EGFR TKI.
Interim PFS met per Sichuan Biokin. First effect sizes: how big, and at what toxicity?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/8x3oom1gGh
#ESMO26 · PUBLISHED TOPLINE
PANKU-Lung01
LBA71
Proffered Paper: NSCLC, metastatic
Mon Oct 26 · 09:14 CET
Iza-bren (EGFR×HER3 bispecific ADC) vs platinum–pemetrexed
EGFR-mutant nonsquamous NSCLC after a third-generation EGFR TKI
DESIGN
• Phase 3, randomized (China; BL-B01D1-301)
• Iza-bren vs pemetrexed + cisplatin or carboplatin
• Primary: PFS
• Global counterpart (BMS): IZABRIGHT-Lung01, ongoing
PUBLISHED TOPLINE
PFS Met at prespecified interim (per iDMC)
OS Benefit trend observed; not yet final
Sichuan Biokin filing: iDMC judged the interim analysis met the PFS primary endpoint, with a trend toward OS benefit
No hazard ratios, medians or response rates disclosed yet. Full results at ESMO.
Source: Sichuan Biokin (Baili-Bio) Shanghai Stock Exchange announcement 2026-060, 18 Aug 2026; comparator per Fierce Pharma.
Dr. Aakash Desai | @ADesaiMD
KOL infographic: Early-phase ADCs card: ABBV-706 (SEZ6, R/R SCLC, 3837RO) and Temab-A (c-Met, NSQ NSCLC, 2658RO)
Aakash Desai@ADesaiMD
Post text
@myESMO @LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily 7/ Early-phase ADCs:
ABBV-706 (3837RO, Oct 26, 10:15 CET), SEZ6 ADC in relapsed SCLC. Where does it fit next to DLL3 and B7-H3?
Temab-A (2658RO, Oct 24, 09:27 CEST), c-Met ADC, phase 1 OS in NSQ NSCLC. Does c-Met level select who benefits?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/PIlDlSz1Fs
#ESMO26 · EARLY-PHASE ADCS · PUBLISHED DATA
ABBV-706
3837RO Rapid Oral · Mon Oct 26 · 10:15 CET
SEZ6-directed Top1i ADC · phase 1, R/R SCLC, 1.8 mg/kg (phase 3 dose)
56% ORR, 2L+ (n=41)
12.4 mo median OS, 2L+
82% ORR, 2L only (n=17)
14.4 mo median OS, 2L only
Phase 3 vs standard of care ongoing (NCT07365241). Full phase 1: Nature Medicine, 1 Jun 2026 (ORR 52% across 124 R/R SCLC).
Temab-A
2658RO Rapid Oral · Sat Oct 24 · 09:27 CEST
c-Met-directed Top1i ADC · phase 1 first-in-human, OS analysis, nonsquamous NSCLC
50% ORR, EGFR wild-type (n=48)
13.8 mo median OS, EGFR WT
63% ORR, EGFR-mutant (n=41)
16.2 mo median OS, EGFR-mutant
EGFR WT with c-Met 3+ ≥25%: median OS ~19.2 mo. Phase 3 AndroMETa-Lung-167 vs SOC ongoing.
Source: AbbVie ESMO 2026 press release, 18 Oct 2026 (abstract data); Byers et al., Nature Medicine, 1 Jun 2026.
Dr. Aakash Desai | @ADesaiMD
1) KOL infographic: summary card (Narjust Florez): divarasib vs sotorasib · 2) KOL infographic: efficacy card: PFS 9.8 vs 5.7 mo and OS 17.7 vs 12.0 mo · 3) KOL infographic: response card: ORR 58% vs 32%, median DoR 11.9 vs 6.9 mo · 4) KOL infographic: 'My take' commentary card by Narjust Florez
Not all KRAS G12C inhibitors are equal. Once approved, divarasib could be our preferred option after first line, and the real question is how quickly we move it to the first line.
Cautiously optimistic, as most control patients received sotorasib.
#ESMO26 #lcsm #KRAS https://t.co/ku1dkDjieA
[Slide 1]
ESMO 2026 · MADRID · PHASE 3
KRASCENDO-1
Divarasib versus sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C mutated advanced NSCLC
0.58 PFS hazard ratio
0.56 OS hazard ratio
58% response rate vs 32%
First head to head trial of KRAS G12C inhibitors. 338 patients randomized 1:1. Primary endpoint: PFS by central review.
Swipe for the data ›
Skoulidis F, et al. KRASCENDO-1. ESMO 2026, Madrid.
Data cutoff 19 May 2026. Median follow up 14.3 months.
Narjust Florez, MD, FASCO
[Slide 2]
EFFICACY
Longer PFS and longer survival
Progression free survival
9.8 vs 5.7
months · HR 0.58 (0.44 to 0.76)
p < 0.0001
Overall survival
17.7 vs 12.0
months · HR 0.56 (0.41 to 0.78)
p = 0.0005
At 12 months | Median
PFS at 12 months
Divarasib 43.9%
Control 24%
OS at 12 months
Divarasib 67.1%
Control 49.2%
Skoulidis F, et al. KRASCENDO-1. ESMO 2026, Madrid.
[Slide 3]
RESPONSE
More responses, and they last longer
Confirmed response rate
Divarasib 58%
Control 32%
Difference 25.8 percentage points (95% CI 15.6 to 36.0)
Median duration of response
Divarasib 11.9 mo
Control 6.9 mo
Median best tumor shrinkage: 47.9% vs 27.1%
Divarasib | Sotorasib or adagrasib
Skoulidis F, et al. KRASCENDO-1. ESMO 2026, Madrid.
Data cutoff 19 May 2026. Median follow up 14.3 months.
Narjust Florez, MD, FASCO
[Slide 4]
MY TAKE
Not all KRAS G12C inhibitors are equal
The first KRAS G12C inhibitor to improve overall survival, and it did so against an active targeted drug, including in patients with KEAP1 mutations.
First, less liver toxicity and fewer discontinuations, but more GI effects. Start antiemetics from the first dose.
Second, once approved, it should be our preferred KRAS G12C inhibitor after first line. The real question is how quickly we move it to the first line.
Most control patients received sotorasib and untreated brain metastases were excluded. We must remain cautiously optimistic. This is just the beginning of the divarasib story.
Disclosures: consulting for and institutional research funding from Genentech, among others.
Skoulidis F, et al. KRASCENDO-1. ESMO 2026, Madrid.
Data cutoff 19 May 2026. Median follow up 14.3 months.
Narjust Florez, MD, FASCO
KOL infographic: KOL-made infographic : divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib in previously treated KRAS
🚨 A new KRAS G12C winner at #ESMO26?
KRASCENDO-1 (Phase III): Divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib in previously treated NSCLC.
🔥 PFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 months (HR 0.58)
🔥 OS: 17.7 vs 12.0 months (HR 0.56)
🔥 ORR: 58% vs 32%
Even fewer Grade ≥3 TRAEs!
A potential new standard for KRAS G12C NSCLC.
@my_esmo @ESMO_open @ASCO @oncoalert #LungCancer
ESMO 2026 | LBA5
Phase III N = 338
KRASCENDO-1
Divarasib vs Sotorasib/Adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC
Median PFS: 9.8 months vs 5.7 months; HR 0.58
Median OS: 17.7 months vs 12.0 months; HR 0.56
ORR: 58.4% vs 32.3%
KRAS G12C
VERDICT: Significant PFS and OS benefit with divarasib, with a manageable safety profile.
@DrRishabhOnco
KOL infographic: KOL-shared infographic: KRASCENDO 1 - divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib in KRAS
🚨 Major KRAS G12C NSCLC results at #ESMO26!
Phase III Krascendo 1 (N=338): divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib.
OS: 17.7 vs 12.0 mo
HR 0.56 (95% CI 0.41–0.78)
PFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 mo
HR 0.58 (0.44–0.76)
An important randomized survival advance. #LCSM
More from Krascendo 1: https://t.co/YwjhBFcDcJ
💍 THE GREAT PARTNER SWAP!
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
Pembrolizumab stays. Sac-TMT replaces chemotherapy!
🎯 PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 mo | HR 0.49
📊 ORR: 50.2% vs 47.3% — similar!
⏳ DoR: 13.6 vs 6.8 mo — twice as long!
⚖️ Grade ≥3 AEs: 47.6% vs 60.6%
🔍 OS: HR 0.58 — immature; formal benefit unproven.
The story? Similar responses, much longer disease control — with a different toxicity profile.
Zhou F et al. NEJM. 2026. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2611280
@myESMO @OncoAlert #ESMO26 #NSCLC #ADC #MVOnco
[Slide 1]
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
THE GREAT PARTNER SWAP!
MV Onco
First-line PD-L1-negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC
SAC-TMT + PEMBRO vs CHEMO + PEMBRO
PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 mo | HR 0.49
ORR: 50.2% vs 47.3% | ALMOST IDENTICAL!
DoR: 13.6 vs 6.8 mo | LONGER-LASTING RESPONSES!
PLATINUM + PEMETREXED | MYELOSUPPRESSION | PEMBROLIZUMAB 'I'M STAYING!' | SAC-TMT | TROP2 → TOPO-I | STOMATITIS
Grade ≥3 AEs: 47.6% vs 60.6%
OS: HR 0.58 IMMATURE — VERDICT PENDING
TAKE-HOME
✓ Same pembrolizumab. Smarter cytotoxic partner.
✓ Similar ORR. Longer DoR. Major PFS benefit.
✓ Different toxicity. Mature OS awaited.
Phase III | n=455 | Median follow-up 9.7 months
[Slide 2]
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
CAN AN ADC REPLACE CHEMOTHERAPY?
MV Onco
THE CLINICAL QUESTION: PD-L1-NEGATIVE ADVANCED NSCLC
Chemo + immunotherapy works. But can we do better?
THE TRIAL DESIGN
455 patients | Phase III
Advanced nonsquamous NSCLC
PD-L1 TPS <1% | No targetable drivers
RANDOMISED 1:1
Sac-TMT + Pembrolizumab n = 229 (TROP2 ADC | Topo-I payload)
Platinum + Pemetrexed + Pembrolizumab n = 226
PRIMARY: PFS | SECONDARY: OS
Same partner. New contender!
TAKE-HOME: Pembrolizumab stays. A TROP2 ADC replaces chemotherapy.
[Slide 3]
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
PFS SOARS — BUT WHAT ABOUT OS?
MV Onco
Sac-TMT + Pembro vs Chemo + Pembro
1 PFS — THE BIG WIN!
Median PFS 15.0 vs 5.7 months | HR 0.49 | 95% CI 0.36–0.65 | P <0.001
12-MONTH PFS 51.1% vs 22.8%
51% lower hazard of progression or death.
[PFS curve: 51.1 (95% CI, 41.5–59.9); 22.8 (95% CI, 15.3–31.3)]
2 HERE'S THE SURPRISE!
ORR — ALMOST IDENTICAL! 50.2% vs 47.3%
MEDIAN DoR — TWICE AS LONG! 13.6 vs 6.8 months
Deep response: 28.8% vs 17.3% (post hoc)
Similar response rates. Deeper, longer-lasting responses.
3 OS — PROMISING, BUT IMMATURE!
Overall Survival HR 0.58 95% CI 0.38–0.88
OS IMMATURE — NOT FORMALLY TESTED YET. Median OS not reached in either arm.
12-MONTH OS 77.6% vs 66.4%
[OS curve: 77.6 (95% CI, 69.5–83.8); 66.4 (95% CI, 57.6–73.8)]
TAKE-HOME: PFS: Major improvement. | ORR: Similar. DoR: Much longer. | OS: Encouraging, but awaiting maturity.
Prespecified interim analysis | Median follow-up: 9.7 months
[Slide 4]
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
MV Onco
LESS TOXICITY - BUT A NEW STANDARD?
Sac-TMT + Pembro vs Chemo + Pembro
1 THE SAFETY TRADE-OFF
GRADE ≥3 ADVERSE EVENTS
47.6% vs 60.6%
Adverse event | Sac-TMT + Pembro | Chemo + Pembro
Grade ≥3 neutropenia | 19.7% | 28.8%
Grade ≥3 anaemia | 6.1% | 20.4%
Discontinuation due to AEs | 5.7% | 14.2%
Less severe myelosuppression. Fewer discontinuations.
BUT THE ADC HAS ITS OWN TOXICITIES!
Stomatitis (any grade) 45.4% vs 6.6%
Alopecia (any grade) 62.0% vs 14.2%
Grade ≥3 stomatitis: 2.2% with Sac-TMT.
2 SMART DELIVERY. DIFFERENT BAGGAGE!
CHEMOTHERAPY - ANAEMIA - NEUTROPENIA
SAC-TMT - TROP2 Topo-1 - STOMATITIS - ALOPECIA
Smarter delivery. Different baggage!
3 DOES TROP2 EXPRESSION MATTER?
HIGH TROP2 -> PFS HR 0.59
LOW TROP2 -> PFS HR 0.49
Benefit observed across both expression groups.
No validated TROP2 selection threshold.
4 THE CLINICAL VERDICT
WHAT STILL NEEDS ANSWERS?
OS immature - formal survival benefit not established.
Follow-up short - median 9.7 months.
China-only trial - broader validation needed.
Active or untreated CNS metastases were excluded from the trial.
TAKE-HOME
A compelling chemotherapy-replacement strategy with major PFS benefit and a different toxicity profile.
Mature OS and longer follow-up are essential before declaring a universal new standard.
KOL infographic: Aakash Desai infographic: (LBA66) 1L sac-TMT + pembro vs chemo + pembro
OptiTROP-Lung06 #ESMO26: 1L sac-TMT+pembro vs chemo-IO, PD-L1-neg nsq NSCLC
➡️ mPFS 15.0 vs 5.7 mo, HR 0.49
➡️ ORR 50.2 vs 47.3%, mDOR 13.6 vs 6.8 mo
➡️ OS HR 0.58, immature
➡️ G≥3 TEAEs 47.6 vs 60.6%
What must ADCs show to replace platinum?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/5CoJUw2OIp
🔥Neotorch Final Analysis: Perioperative toripalimab + chemo in resectable stage II/III NSCLC
🆙 @Annals_Oncology #ESMO26
🎙Dr. Ziming Li & Dr. Shun Lu
🎯Significantly Improved EFS (NR vs 20.2mo, HR 0.52, p<0.0001; n=501) and OS (HR 0.66, p=0.0072)
🎯MPR 47.2% vs 9.2%, pCR 25.6% vs 1.2%
#LCSM @OncoAlert @Larvol
https://t.co/7BSzito9TT
POPULATION
454 Men
47 Women
Adults with resectable Stage II or III NSCLC
Median age: 62 years
LOCATION
55 Hospitals in China
INTERVENTION
501 patients randomized
250 Toripalimab
240 mg of toripalimab plus chemotherapy
251 Placebo
Placebo plus chemotherapy
All patients received the neoadjuvant treatment
PRIMARY OUTCOME
Event-free survival and major pathological response rate
FINDINGS
Event-free survival and major pathological response rate
Toripalimab | Placebo
Median event-free survival (months) | Not reached | 20.2
Major pathological response rate | 47% | 9%
The results were significant:
Hazard ratio for event-free survival, 0.52
(95% CI, 0.39 to 0.68), P <0.0001
Between-group difference for major pathological response rate, 38%
(95% CI, 31% to 45%), P <0.0001
SAFFRON trial
ESMO 2026
Osimertinib plus savolitinib after osimertinib resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC
Phase III trial
First Glimpse https://t.co/rAnhPyNkhM
ESMO 2026
BARCELONA | 24 – 28 OCTOBER 2026
SAFFRON TRIAL
Osimertinib + Savolitinib after Osimertinib Resistance in EGFR-mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
A TARGETED SOLUTION FOR MET-MEDIATED RESISTANCE
1. BACKGROUND & RATIONALE
• Osimertinib is standard first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, but most patients ultimately develop resistance.
• MET amplification or overexpression is a common mechanism of acquired resistance (≈ 10–20%).
• Dual inhibition of EGFR and MET may overcome this resistance.
Initial response to osimertinib
EGFR mutation (eg. exon 19 del, L858R) EGFR Osimertinib Tumour cell survival inhibited
Acquired resistance: MET activation
EGFR MET amplification or overexpression MET Osimertinib MET signalling bypasses EGFR inhibition Tumour cell proliferation and survival
Dual targeting strategy
Osimertinib (EGFR TKI) + Savolitinib (MET inhibitor) EGFR MET Dual blockade suppresses tumour growth
MET alterations in osimertinib resistance
[pie chart] MET [illegible] 10–15% Other mechanisms 60–70% MET amplification 5–10%
MET-driven resistance occurs in ~10-20% of patients progressing on osimertinib
2. TRIAL DESIGN
Trial name: SAFFRON
Phase: Phase III
Registry: NCT05261399
Design: Randomised, open-label, multicentre, global
Population: Locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC progressing on osimertinib with MET amplification or overexpression
Sample size: ~345 patients
Primary endpoints: Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)
Key secondary endpoints: Objective response rate (ORR), safety, duration of response
3. PATIENT ELIGIBILITY (KEY CRITERIA)
Inclusion criteria (example)
• EGFR-mutant NSCLC (eg. exon 19 del, L858R)
• Radiological progression on osimertinib
• Evidence of MET overexpression and/or MET amplification (as per trial assay)
• Measurable disease (RECIST 1.1)
• Adequate organ function
• ECOG 0–1 (typical)
Key exclusion criteria (example)
• Concurrent targetable alterations requiring alternative therapy
• Prior MET inhibitor therapy
• Symptomatic or uncontrolled CNS metastases
• Significant comorbidities
4. TREATMENT ARMS
A. Osimertinib + Savolitinib
Osimertinib 80 mg once daily (standard dose)
+
Savolitinib 300 mg once daily (typical dose used in trial)
B. Platinum-based chemotherapy (Investigator's choice)
Platinum + pemetrexed (± maintenance pemetrexed) or other platinum doublet as per protocol
5. ENDPOINTS
Primary endpoints
• Progression-free survival (PFS)
• Overall survival (OS)
Secondary endpoints
• Objective response rate (ORR)
• Duration of response
• Disease control rate (DCR)
• Safety and tolerability
• Quality of life (may be included)
6. KEY RESULTS
The SAFFRON trial has been reported to meet its primary endpoints of PFS and OS compared with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with MET-altered EGFR-mutant NSCLC after osimertinib progression.
Detailed numerical results (median PFS, median OS, hazard ratios, confidence intervals, subgroup analyses and toxicity) will be presented at ESMO 2026.
7. SAFETY PROFILE (EXPECTED)
Common adverse events with savolitinib (in addition to osimertinib toxicities)
• Peripheral oedema • Nausea, diarrhoea • Increased creatinine • Proteinuria • Fatigue • Anemia
Known osimertinib adverse events
• Rash • Diarrhoea • QT prolongation • Interstitial lung disease (rare)
8. POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES
• Targets a defined resistance mechanism (MET-driven)
• Oral targeted combination
• May delay need for chemotherapy
• Maintains EGFR inhibition
• Potential for better PFS and OS compared to chemotherapy (as reported)
9. KEY QUESTIONS
• Magnitude of PFS and OS benefit
• Which MET alterations derive the most benefit (amplification vs overexpression)
• Assay used for MET detection and positivity threshold
• Intracranial efficacy
• Toxicity profile and dose modifications
• Sequencing with other targeted options
• Applicability to Indian and global patient populations
10. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
• Potential to establish a biomarker-directed treatment option after osimertinib in MET-altered EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
• Should be used only in patients with confirmed MET amplification or overexpression as per trial criteria.
• May change the treatment algorithm if a clinically meaningful OS benefit is confirmed.
• Final adoption will depend on full data, regulatory approval, availabilty and local guidelines.
Take Home Message: SAFFRON represents a promising targeted strategy to address MET-mediated resistance after osimertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Await full ESMO 2026 presentation for detailed efficacy and safety results.
Credit: Dr Rohit Malde MD DNB FRCR (UK) | CONSULTANT CLINICAL ONCOLOGIST
KOL infographic: MV Onco infographic: serplulimab vs atezolizumab in ES-SCLC, a lesson in trial
📊 ASTRIDE | ESMO 2026 — A Lesson in Trial Statistics!
Serplulimab vs atezolizumab in ES-SCLC.
Median OS: 12.4 vs 10.2 months
2-year OS: 32.2% vs 17.6%
HR 0.82 (95% CI 0.56–1.20)
📌 Numerically better ≠ statistically superior!
And without a prespecified noninferiority margin, we cannot formally claim noninferiority either.
🎯 The lesson: Set the pass mark BEFORE seeing the results. Don't move the goalposts!
Gandara DR et al. ASTRIDE. ESMO 2026; Abstract 3809O.
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol #MVOnco #ESMO2026 #LungCancer #ClinicalTrials
ASTRIDE | ESMO 2026
MV Onco
A LESSON IN TRIAL STATISTICS!
BETTER NUMBERS. BUT IS IT PROVEN?
Serplulimab vs Atezolizumab | ES-SCLC
1 THE SURVIVAL NUMBERS
MEDIAN OS
12.4 months vs 10.2 months
2-YEAR OS
32.2% Serplulimab vs 17.6% Atezolizumab
HR 0.82 (95% CI 0.56–1.20)
Serplulimab first | Atezolizumab second
2 SUPERIOR? NOT PROVEN!
• 95% CI includes 1.0.
• No statistically significant superiority demonstrated.
3 AT LEAST NONINFERIOR? NOT FORMALLY PROVEN!
• No prespecified noninferiority margin.
• No planned NI hypothesis or confirmatory test.
4 BUT WHY PRESPECIFY?
"SET THE PASS MARK BEFORE SEEING THE RESULTS!"
• Decide the acceptable margin BEFORE seeing results — otherwise, we could move the goalposts to declare success.
5 THE IMPORTANT DISTINCTION
DESCRIPTIVE ≠ CONFIRMATORY
ASTRIDE provides encouraging comparative data, but not a formal superiority or noninferiority conclusion.
FINAL TAKE-HOME
→ BETTER NUMBERS ≠ PROVEN SUPERIORITY.
→ NO PRESPECIFIED NI MARGIN = NO FORMAL NI CLAIM.
Gandara DR et al. ASTRIDE. ESMO 2026; Abstract 38090.
KOL infographic: KOL-made infographic (Dr Najeed Aadil): randomized Ph II - consolidation RT + 1L SACT
[ESMO logo] GOOD SCIENCE BETTER MEDICINE BEST PRACTICE
ESMO 2026
SARON
Consolidation Radiotherapy in Oligometastatic NSCLC
Randomized Phase II | n = 140
Consolida-tion RT. Clearer answers?
STUDY DESIGN
Consolidation RT (SACT +/- RT) in synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC.
1st-line SACT alone VS 1st-line SACT + Consolidation RT
KEY RESULTS
12-month local failure: 13.0% vs 39.5% [legend: 13.0% vs 39.5% / Chemo alone] p < 0.01
Median PFS: [illustrative curve] 13.9 vs 8.9 months HR 0.64 HR 0.64 p = 0.03
Median OS: [illustrative curve] 31.0 vs 28.0 months HR 0.99 HR 0.99 p = 0.95
Grade ≥3 AEs: 28.6% vs 28.6% No statistically significant difference in severe toxicity.
TAKE-HOME
SACT + RT achieved superior local control and prolonged PFS with acceptable toxicity, but did not improve overall survival.
Reference
SARDN: A randomized Phase III trial.
ESMO 2026. Abstract / Presentation.
Dr Najeed Aadil
Clinical Oncology & Radiation Medicine
KOL infographic: KOL-made 'Top Lung Abstracts' infographic: sac-TMT + pembrolizumab in 1L
🇪🇸 #ESMO26 | Top Lung Abstracts 🫁
🚨 OPTITROP-Lung06: Phase III trial in PD-L1–negative, driver-negative nonsquamous NSCLC:
🔥 Median PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 months
📉 HR 0.49 — 51% reduction in risk of progression/death
🎯 DOR: 13.6 vs 6.8 months
📊 12-mo OS: 77.6% vs 66.4% (immature data)
▶️ I wouldn’t call this a “chemo-free” regimen because the toxicity of an ADC is similar to chemo—> but this many be a potential option for this hard to treat PDL1 neg population.
▶️Could this change the 1L landscape? 👀maybe? but I would hope for a bigger survival advantage….data immature …
#LungCancer #LCSM #ADC
ESMO 2026 MADRID — Top Lung Abstracts
OPTITROP-Lung06
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (sac-TMT) + Pembrolizumab in 1L PD-L1-Negative Nonsquamous NSCLC
Phase III | N = 455
Progression-Free Survival (PFS): Significantly longer PFS with sac-TMT + pembrolizumab
Pembrolizumab + pemetrexed + platinum chemotherapy: 5.7 months | sac-TMT + pembrolizumab: 15.0 months
HR 0.49 (P < 0.0001); 51% reduction in risk of progression or death
Overall Survival (OS): Immature; early results favor combination.
12-month OS rate: Pembrolizumab + pemetrexed + platinum chemotherapy 66.4% | sac-TMT + pembrolizumab 77.6%
Descriptive HR 0.58; OS data immature
Response
Objective Response Rate (ORR): Pembrolizumab + pemetrexed + platinum chemotherapy 47.3% | sac-TMT + pembrolizumab 50.2%
Median Duration of Response (months): Pembrolizumab + pemetrexed + platinum chemotherapy 6.8 | sac-TMT + pembrolizumab 13.6
Safety & Clinical Outlook: No new safety signals reported. Potential chemotherapy-sparing strategy for 1L PD-L1-negative nonsquamous NSCLC; further follow-up needed.
KEY TAKEAWAY: Marked PFS benefit with sac-TMT + pembrolizumab in 1L PD-L1-negative, driver-negative nonsquamous NSCLC. OS remains immature.
1) KOL infographic: ESMO 2026 · 2) KOL infographic: PFS WINS. OS WINS TOO! · 3) KOL infographic: DOES THE BENEFIT HOLD? · 4) KOL infographic: BETTER SURVIVAL. LESS TOXICITY!
🧬 KRASCENDO-1 | ESMO 2026
A NEW KRAS G12C CHAMPION?
Divarasib challenges sotorasib/adagrasib in a landmark Phase III trial in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
PART 1 | THE CHALLENGE
Why divarasib? Rationale and trial design.
PART 2 | THE EFFICACY
📈 PFS: 9.8 vs 5.7 mo | HR 0.58
📈 OS: 17.7 vs 12.0 mo | HR 0.56
🎯 ORR: 58.4% vs 32.3%
Original Kaplan–Meier curves.
PART 3 | THE SUBGROUPS
Does the benefit hold across KEAP1, CNS and PD-L1 subgroups?
PART 4 | THE VERDICT
Grade 3–4 TRAEs: 24.6% vs 34.5%.
Safety, limitations and clinical implications.
THE BOTTOM LINE:
Better PFS. Better OS. More responses. Numerically less severe toxicity.
A potential new KRAS G12C standard!
📚 Skoulidis F et al. | ESMO 2026, LBA5 | NEJM 2026
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol
#MVOnco #ESMO2026 #KRASCENDO1 #Divarasib #KRASG12C #NSCLC
🐼 THE GAP IS SO WIDE, EVEN A PANDA FITS!
OptiTROP-Lung06 | ESMO 2026 | LBA66
🇨🇳 China-only Phase III | 455 patients
First-line PD-L1–negative nonsquamous NSCLC.
📈 PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 mo | HR 0.49
🎯 12-mo PFS: 51.1% vs 22.8%
🔬 ORR: 50.2% vs 47.3% — similar!
⏳ DoR: 13.6 vs 6.8 mo — twice as long!
Similar response rates. Far more durable disease control.
⚠️ OS remains immature (HR 0.58). Longer follow-up and broader validation needed.
KM curves adapted for illustration; refer to the original publication for exact trajectories.
Zhou F et al. NEJM, 2026.
https://t.co/71dlz6CwnZ
@myESMO @OncoAlert @larvol #ESMO26 #NSCLC #ADC #MVOnco
4️⃣ Staging
👉 Limited: one hemithorax, fits one tolerable RT port (~30%)
👉 Extensive: beyond that, distant mets, or malignant effusion (~70%)
👉 LS ≈ TNM I-III; ES ≈ IV
👉 Brain MRI mandatory; PET-CT especially for LS; marrow only if cytopenias https://t.co/5JGlw1TCWf
HEMEONCBUDDY TWITORIALS
Extensive-Stage SCLC: Second-Line
1 NEW SOC: tarlatamab (DLL3 × CD3 BiTE)
2 DeLLphi-304: mOS 13.6 vs 8.3 mo (HR 0.60)
3 CRS in 51%, mostly grade 1-2
4 Inpatient monitoring first 2 doses
5 Lurbinectedin (Zepzelca) is an option
6 Re-platinum if relapse > 6 mo
HemeOncBuddy.org
KOL infographic: KOL-made CTONG 1804 part 3 (LBA65) schema: induction chemoimmunotherapy with MDT-selected local
Jeff Ryckman@jryckman3
Post text
Surgical conversion after induction chemoimmunotherapy in CTONG 1804 part 3 (LBA65).
📌 Prospective, single-arm phase 2, 215 pts w/ stage III NSCLC. 196 unresectable; 19 potentially resectable at baseline MDT assessment.
📌 Induction chemoimmunotherapy → MDT reassessment → surgery in 105 (48.8%); CRT in 60 (27.9%).
📌 Median follow-up 31.3 mo. 12-mo EFS: 84.6% after surgery vs 66.7% after CRT; mEFS NR vs 20.5 mo.
📌 Among surgical pts: R0 98.1%; pCR 48.6%.
📌 2 treatment-related pneumonitis deaths during induction.
Side note: Surgery/CRT groups were selected after induction, so EFS isn't a randomized comparison. CRT had 16/30 events labeled 'Local'; the abstract doesn't define 'local' or clarify nodal involvement or in-field vs out-of-field failure. @DrewMoghanaki
https://t.co/0zqhEbrSmQ
#ESMO26 #LCSM #radonc
CTONG 1804 part 3
Induction chemoimmunotherapy with MDT-selected local therapy
Stage III NSCLC Potentially resectable or unresectable
Induction chemoimmunotherapy (n=215)
MDT
| 12-mo EFS | Median EFS
Surgery (n=105) | 84.6% | NR
CRT (n=60) | 66.7% | 20.5 mo
No local therapy
Non-randomized; groups selected after induction; no HR
Pan Y, ESMO 2026 LBA65 (abstract)
MFU 31.3 mo; primary endpoint, induction drugs and RT dose not reported in abstract.
2 treatment-related pneumonitis deaths during induction
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: summary card: sac-TMT vs platinum-pemetrexed in EGFR-mutant
Now an OS win for sac-TMT in EGFR-mutant NSCLC!
OptiTROP-Lung04 final OS (LBA67): sac-TMT vs platinum/pemetrexed after progression on an EGFR TKI.
mOS 25.9 vs 17.4 mo, HR 0.69.
The benefit held after adjusting for later ADC use in the chemo arm. No new safety signals.
Pairs with Lung06 below, in PD-L1-negative disease without a driver.
https://t.co/d87ursywVT
#LCSM #ESMO26
@OncoAlert @Alfdoc2
OptiTROP-Lung04
Phase III: sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) vs platinum-pemetrexed
EGFR-mut nonsq NSCLC
PD on EGFR TKI
94.7% prior 3rd-gen TKI
Locally adv/metastatic
n=376
1:1 RANDOMIZE
mPFS*† mo | mOS mo
Pemetrexed + cis/carboplatin → pemetrexed maintenance
Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 53.8%†
4.3 (95% CI 4.2–5.5) | 17.4 (95% CI 15.7–20.3)
Sac-TMT 5 mg/kg Q2W
Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 58.0%†
8.3 (95% CI 6.7–9.9) | 25.9 (95% CI 22.2–27.5)
HRs, sac-TMT vs chemo: PFS† 0.49 (95% CI 0.39–0.62); final OS 0.69 (95% CI 0.54–0.89); RPSFT-adjusted OS 0.57 (95% CI 0.42–0.75)
Fang W, et al. N Engl J Med 2025. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2512071. ESMO 2026, LBA67 (final OS; cutoff 6 Aug 2026; median FU 32.3 mo).
Primary endpoint: *PFS by BICR. †PFS and AEs from the 2025 analysis (NEJM; median FU 18.9 mo).
RPSFT = adjusted for subsequent ADC therapy (22.6% of chemo arm); final OS nominal one-sided p=0.0021.
🚨 #ESMO26 | Top Lung Abstracts 🫁
OptiTROP-Lung04 (Phase III- China only trial)
Significant mOS 8.5 mo advantage for sac-TMT, a TROP2 ADC, after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutant NSCLC🫁 vs chemo!
📊 Median OS: 25.9 vs 17.4 months
🔥 HR 0.69 — 31% lower risk of death
⚠️ AEs- cytopenias, stomatitis, opthal, ILD
👉🏽Competes w Dato-DXd already approved in this EGFR+ population based on Tropion-Lung05, Lung01
👉🏽Global validation and treatment-sequencing questions remain.
@EGFRResisters
#LCSM #LungCancer #ESMO26
ESMO 2026 MADRID
Top Lung Abstracts
OPTITROP-Lung04
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (sac-TMT), a TROP2 ADC, vs platinum + pemetrexed in EGFR-mutant NSCLC after EGFR-TKI progression
Phase III
OVERALL SURVIVAL (OS)
25.9 months sac-TMT
17.4 months Platinum + pemetrexed
HR 0.69
31% lower risk of death
+8.5 months median OS
CLINICAL TAKEAWAYS
Meaningful OS benefit after EGFR-TKI progression.
Benefit appeared particularly favorable after first-line 3rd-generation EGFR TKI.
Promising chemotherapy alternative; global validation and treatment sequencing remain important.
ESMO 2026 | EGFR-mutant NSCLC
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: Phase III: divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib
KRAScendo 1: the first head-to-head comparison in KRAS G12C-targeted therapy, presented at ESMO and published in NEJM.
Does this change second-line standard of care?
#ESMO26 #Oncology #LungCancer https://t.co/DIljaEkzGB
drozdogan.com · Evidence Notes | #ESMO26 · LBA5
KRAScendo 1
KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC · previously treated · second line
divarasib vs sotorasib or adagrasib · Ferdinandos Skoulidis
PFS met · OS met · published in NEJM alongside the presentation
STUDY DESIGN: Patients n = 338 | Arms 167 vs 171 | Design Open-label | Primary BICR PFS
ABSOLUTE OUTCOMES · MEDIAN
Progression-free survival: Divarasib 9.8 | Control 5.7 months (median) | Absolute Δ +4.1 mo | Relative HR 0.58 (0.44–0.76) p < 0.0001 · 12-mo PFS 44% vs 24%
Overall survival: Divarasib 17.7 | Control 12.0 months (median) | Absolute Δ +5.7 mo | Relative HR 0.56 (0.41–0.78) p = 0.0005 · survival benefit
Control = sotorasib or adagrasib, pooled
THE TAKE: A head-to-head win over approved KRAS G12C inhibitors, on both PFS and OS
RESPONSE · SAFETY: Confirmed ORR 58% vs 32% (DoR 11.9 vs 6.9 mo) | Stopped for TRAE 4.8% vs 11.7% (serious TRAE 7.8% vs 15.2%) | Treatment duration 11.3 vs 5.0 mo median
Consistent across subgroups incl. PD-L1 and KEAP1 · TRAEs mainly low-grade GI and liver
HOW TO READ: Absolute first: +4.1 mo PFS and +5.7 mo OS, with fewer treatment stops. Open-label trial, pooled control. Grade ≥3 AEs, CNS activity and crossover were not in the release, check the slides.
KOL infographic: Designed branded summary card, not a presented slide
💃🍷 Eating tapas while watching the TOP #lungcancer abstracts roll in from #ESMO26 in Madrid!
🔬 From today’s DeLLphi-305 results with tarlatamab in SCLC to upcoming data on KRAS G12C, EGFR/MET combinations & next-gen ADCs in NSCLC — so much to look forward to!
What are YOU most excited about? 👇
#LungCancer #LCSM #ESMO26 🇪🇸 @myESMO
SAFFRON #ESMO26: osi+savo vs platinum-pem post-osimertinib, EGFRm MET OE/amp NSCLC
➡️ mPFS 7.6 vs 5.4 mo, HR 0.55
➡️ mOS 17.8 vs 12.9 mo, HR 0.68
➡️ ORR 51 vs 27%
➡️ G≥3 TRAEs 40 vs 52%; edema 49%
Who gets a MET re-biopsy after osimertinib?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/tJnOIH8yie
Aakash Desai, MD, MPH, FASCO
Thoracic and Phase 1 Oncologist
@ADesaiMD
SAFFRON: Osimertinib + Savolitinib vs Chemo After Osimertinib, EGFRm MET-High NSCLC
PHASE III
ESMO 2026 · LBA6
Presidential · Oct 25
Trial Design & Population
N = 338 randomized 1:1, open-label: osi + savo 171 · chemo 167
EGFRm NSCLC progressing on 1L/2L osimertinib; MET IHC 3+ ≥90% and/or FISH ≥10 copies, central, post-progression biopsy
Osimertinib 80 mg QD + savolitinib 300 mg BID (all oral)
Control: pemetrexed + carboplatin or cisplatin ×4, then pemetrexed
Primary: PFS by BICR · key secondary OS · cutoff July 6, 2026
Efficacy (full analysis set)
| Osi + savo | Chemo
Median PFS BICR, primary | 7.6 mo (5.6–9.7) | 5.4 mo (4.2–5.8)
12-mo PFS | 36% | 10%
Median OS | 17.8 mo (15.6–23.7) | 12.9 mo (10.6–16.8)
Confirmed ORR BICR | 51% | 27%
PFS HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42–0.72), P<0.001
OS HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.91), P=0.010; 53% mature
PFS HR: MET-overexpressed 0.51 · MET-amplified 0.487 (not formally tested)
Safety
Grade ≥3 TRAEs
Osi + savo 40%
Chemo 52%
Grade ≥3 TEAEs (all-cause)
Osi + savo 64%
Chemo 63%
Peripheral edema 49% (grade ≥3 8%)
Fatal TEAEs 7% vs 0%; 1 treatment-related (pneumonitis)
Median exposure 8.5 vs 3.5 mo
Presenter conclusion: "Osimertinib plus savolitinib establishes a new global standard of care for patients with EGFR-mutant, MET-overexpressed and/or MET-amplified advanced NSCLC after progression on osimertinib" (Lu S, as reported)
Source: Lu S, et al. ESMO 2026 LBA6 (Oct 25 2026); AstraZeneca release (Oct 25 2026); OncLive, Targeted Oncology | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai | Not Medical Advice
KOL infographic: KOL-made (LBA72) summary card: ruzaltatug rezetecan vs platinum-pemetrexed after
Aakash Desai, MD, MPH, FASCO
Thoracic and Phase 1 Oncologist
@ADesaiMD
HERON-Lung01: Ruzaltatug Rezetecan (HER3 ADC) vs Platinum-Pemetrexed After EGFR TKI
PHASE III
ESMO 2026 · LBA72
Proffered Paper · Oct 26
Trial Design & Population
N = 498 (250 vs 248), 1:1, open-label; 62 sites in China
EGFRm (ex19del/L858R) non-squamous NSCLC progressing on an EGFR TKI (prior 3rd-gen TKI 98.4% vs 96.4%)
Ruzaltatug rezetecan (SHR-A2009) 8 mg/kg IV Q3W: HER3-directed ADC, topoisomerase I inhibitor payload
Control: pemetrexed + carboplatin or cisplatin ×4, then pemetrexed; crossover permitted
Primary: PFS by BICR · interim analysis, cutoff April 15, 2026 · median follow-up 7.7 mo
Efficacy (prespecified interim)
| Ruzaltatug rezetecan | Chemo
Median PFS BICR, primary | 8.3 mo | 5.4 mo
ORR BICR | 60.0% | 34.3%
Median DoR | 8.5 mo | 4.4 mo
PFS HR 0.47 (95% CI 0.36–0.60), one-sided p<0.0001
OS HR 0.70 (95% CI 0.43–1.14); immature, 19.4% crossover
Brain mets subgroup PFS HR 0.61 (0.36–1.02), exploratory
Safety (TRAEs)
Grade ≥3 TRAEs Ruza-rez 40.7% Chemo 38.9%
Serious TRAEs Ruza-rez 15.3% Chemo 15.1%
ILD 2.4% (6 pts; one grade 3) vs 0
Discontinuation for TRAEs 1.2% vs 1.3%
Most common: decreased neutrophil count (grade ≥3 25.8% vs 19.2%)
Investigator conclusion (LBA72): "Our findings support ruzaltatug rezetecan as a new standard-of-care option for EGFRm NSCLC progressing after a third-generation EGFR-TKI" (China-only trial)
Source: ESMO 2026 LBA72 (C Xu, Oct 26 2026) via KOL Pulse slide transcription; Xu et al., The Lancet, Oct 26 2026 | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai | Not Medical Advice
KOL infographic: KOL-made infographic: consolidative RT in synchronous oligometastatic
drozdogan.com · Evidence Notes
#ESMO26 · LBA6
SAFFRON
EGFR-mutated NSCLC · MET-overexpressed and/or amplified · after osimertinib
osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed · Shun Lu
PFS met · OS benefit · chemo-free combination vs chemotherapy
STUDY DESIGN
Patients n = 338
Arms 171 vs 167
Design Open-label
Primary PFS (BICR)
ABSOLUTE OUTCOMES · MEDIAN
Progression-free survival
Combination 7.6
Chemo 5.4
months (median)
Absolute Δ +2.2 mo
Relative HR 0.55 (0.42–0.72)
p < 0.001 · 12-mo PFS 36% vs 10%
Overall survival
Combination 17.8
Chemo 12.9
months (median)
Absolute Δ +4.9 mo
Relative HR 0.68 (0.50–0.91)
p = 0.010 · 12-mo OS 70% vs 53%
Combination = osimertinib + savolitinib · Chemo = platinum–pemetrexed
THE TAKE
A chemo-free, MET-directed combination beats platinum–pemetrexed on PFS and OS after osimertinib
MET SUBGROUPS · SAFETY
MET-overexpressed · PFS HR 0.51 8.5 vs 5.6 mo
MET-amplified · PFS HR 0.49 7.6 vs 4.2 mo
Grade ≥3 AEs 64% vs 63% exposure 8.5 vs 3.5 mo
MET-amplified subgroup not formally tested · ORR, discontinuations, CNS data and crossover not in the release
HOW TO READ
Absolute first: +2.2 mo PFS and +4.9 mo OS. Open-label trial, and the chemotherapy arm had a short exposure (3.5 mo). Check ORR, discontinuations, CNS activity and crossover on the slides.
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: (LBA64) final analysis: perioperative toripalimab + chemo vs placebo + chemo
Improved EFS and OS w/ perioperative toripalimab in Neotorch (LBA64).
📌 Randomized, double-blind phase 3; final analysis (n=501 randomized), resectable stage II-III NSCLC. Toripalimab + platinum chemo vs placebo + platinum chemo perioperatively.
📌 Median follow-up 48.2 mo. mEFS NR vs 20.2 mo; HR 0.52 (95% CI 0.391-0.677).
📌 mOS NR in both arms; HR 0.66 (95% CI 0.486-0.894).
📌 Common AEs: neutropenia 58.0% vs 53.4%; decreased appetite 30.0% vs 15.1%. G≥3 AE rates aren't reported in the abstract.
https://t.co/SCceCdT3GT
#ESMO26 #LCSM
SANOVO #ESMO26: osi ± savolitinib, 1L EGFRm MET-overexpressed NSCLC (China)
➡️ mPFS IHC3+ 24.8 vs 11.1 mo, HR 0.45
➡️ mPFS ITT 24.9 vs 13.8 mo, HR 0.56
➡️ mOS 44.5 vs 34.9 mo, HR 0.48
➡️ 3-yr OS 67.4 vs 47.4%
Test MET IHC at EGFRm diagnosis?
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/JpKyd6pVRe
Aakash Desai, MD, MPH, FASCO
Thoracic and Phase 1 Oncologist
@ADesaiMD
SANOVO: Osimertinib ± Savolitinib, First-Line EGFRm NSCLC With MET Overexpression
PHASE III
ESMO 2026 · LBA69
Proffered Paper · Oct 26
Trial Design & Population
N = 326 randomized 1:1, double-blind: 162 vs 164 (China); IHC3+ 98 per arm
Treatment-naïve EGFRm (ex19del/L858R) NSCLC with MET IHC 3+ ≥90% or IHC 2+ H-score ≥220
Savolitinib 300 or 200 mg BID (weight-based) or placebo + osimertinib 80 mg QD
Stratified: EGFR mutation, brain metastases, MET IHC 2+/3+
Primary: investigator PFS, IHC3+ then ITT · secondary OS · cutoff July 31, 2026
Efficacy
| Savo + osi | Placebo + osi
Median PFS MET IHC3+ (tested first) | 24.8 mo (19.4–27.6) | 11.1 mo (8.3–16.6)
Median PFS ITT (IHC 2+/3+) | 24.9 mo (22.1–27.6) | 13.8 mo (10.9–16.6)
Median OS ITT | 44.5 mo (41.3–NE) | 34.9 mo (26.3–41.1)
3-yr OS ITT, estimated | 67.4% | 47.4%
PFS HR 0.45 IHC3+ · 0.56 ITT both p<0.0001
OS HR 0.48 (95% CI 0.33–0.68), ITT; secondary endpoint
PFS by investigator · IHC3+ HR CI 0.31–0.66 · ITT HR CI 0.43–0.74 · OS median follow-up 38.7 mo
Safety
Fatal AEs (excl. progression) Savo + osi 4.3% Pbo + osi 4.8%
AE-related discontinuation 14.8% (savo + osi)
Median treatment duration 22.1 vs 12.9 mo
"No new safety concerns" (sponsor)
Grade ≥3 AE and peripheral edema rates are not in the public release
Presenter statement: "The SANOVO results mark a pivotal evolution in how we approach first-line EGFR-mutated lung cancer" (Prof. Yi-Long Wu, lead PI and presenter, per HUTCHMED release)
Source: Wu YL, et al. ESMO 2026 LBA69 (Oct 26 2026); HUTCHMED release (Oct 26 2026); Oncoletter abstract report | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai | Not Medical Advice
Schema and summary by Jeffrey Ryckman, MD: Phase III: osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed
SAFFRON: osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC with MET overexpression (IHC 3+ ≥90%) and/or amplification (FISH ≥10 copies) after progression on osimertinib (n=338).
Primary endpoint (PFS by BICR): 7.6 vs 5.4 mo, HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42–0.72).
OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 mo, HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.91), significant at final analysis.
Grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs: 40% vs 52%
#ESMO26 #LCSM #OncTwitter
@BalazsHalmosMD @ADesaiMD @OncoAlert @DrSanjayPopat
Aakash Desai, MD, MPH, FASCO
Thoracic and Phase 1 Oncologist
@ADesaiMD
IBI3001: First-in-Class EGFR/B7-H3 Bispecific ADC in Advanced Solid Tumors
PHASE I
ESMO 2026 · 1001O
Proffered Paper · Innovent
Trial Design & Population
N = 57 treated; multi-regional (China, Australia, US)
21 NSCLC, 15 pancreatic, 8 SCLC, 13 other; 78.9% ≥2 prior treatments
IBI3001 monotherapy 1–10 mg/kg: EGFR/B7H3 bispecific ADC, topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, DAR 4
Aims: safety, tolerability, preliminary efficacy · now in Phase 1b dose optimization
Efficacy (n=53 evaluable)
| ORR | DCR
All evaluable n=53 | 30.2% | 88.7%
8 mg/kg cohort | 45.0% | 100%
EGFRm NSCLC n=16 · mPFS 7.7 mo | 31.3% | 93.8%
SCLC n=8 | 62.5% | 100%
HNSCC/ESCC n=5 | 60.0% | 100%
Pancreatic n=15 · mPFS 6.9 mo | 15.4% | 92.3%
Small, non-randomized cohorts; no comparator
Safety
Grade ≥3 TRAEs IBI3001 47.4%
Most common TRAEs hematologic
DLTs: one each at 8 and 10 mg/kg
Discontinuation for TRAE: 1 pt (1.8%)
No TRAE-related deaths
Sponsor statement: "IBI3001 has advanced to the dose-optimization stage of a Phase 1b proof-of-concept (PoC) study" in later-line EGFRm NSCLC, pancreatic and esophageal cancer (Innovent)
Source: ESMO 2026 Abstract 1001O; Innovent press release (PR Newswire), Oct 25 2026 | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai | Not Medical Advice
KOL infographic: Aakash Desai infographic: phase 1 ADCs ABBV-706 (SEZ6) in SCLC and BG-C477 (CEA) in NSCLC
Aakash Desai@ADesaiMD
Post text
Antigen-directed phase 1 ADCs at #ESMO26
➡️ ABBV-706 (SEZ6), R/R SCLC: ORR 56% (n=41), mOS 12.4 mo
➡️ BG-C477 (CEA), NSCLC: ORR 60.0% CEA-high (n=25) vs 37.2% overall (N=43)
Still valuable to select on IHC? Interesting to see CEACAM5 comeback!
@LungCancerRx @OncoAlert @oncodaily https://t.co/dwNKxJNDQB
Aakash Desai, MD, MPH, FASCO
Thoracic and Phase 1 Oncologist
@ADesaiMD
Phase 1 ADCs at ESMO 2026: ABBV-706 (SEZ6) in SCLC, BG-C477 (CEA) in NSCLC
PHASE 1
ESMO 2026 · 3837RO + 2567P
Mon Oct 26
ABBV-706 · SEZ6 ADC (3837RO)
SEZ6-directed ADC with a Top1i payload; phase 1
Relapsed/refractory SCLC, heavily pretreated; selected phase 3 dose 1.8 mg/kg
2L+ (n=41) 2L only (n=17)
ORR 56% 82%
Median OS 12.4 mo 14.4 mo
Safety "comparable to previously reported data" (AbbVie)
Phase 3 vs standard of care in R/R SCLC ongoing (NCT07365241)
BG-C477 · CEA ADC in NSCLC (2567P)
Phase 1a, 2.7–3.6 mg/kg Q3W; serum CEA ≥5 ng/mL to enroll; tumor CEA by central IHC, retrospective. CEA-high = IHC 2/3+ in ≥50% of cells (25/43)
CEA-high (n=25) All NSCLC (N=43)
Confirmed ORR investigator 60.0% 38.7–78.9 37.2% 23.0–53.3
DCR 92.0% 83.7%
6-mo DoR rate 73.3% 75.0%
CEA-high: median PFS NR (6.7–NE); 6-mo PFS 76.2%. Cutoff Sept 10, 2026; median follow-up 7.6 mo
BG-C477 Safety (TEAEs, N=43)
Grade ≥3 TEAEs 44.2%; serious 34.9%
Discontinuation 4.7%; dose reduction 11.6%
No treatment-related deaths; no febrile neutropenia; no keratitis or infusion reactions
ILD: one grade 2 treatment-related case (asymptomatic); no grade ≥3 ILD
Author conclusion (2567P): "These findings support the clinical relevance of CEA-high expression as a biomarker and the advancement of BG-C477 into pivotal development in NSCLC"
Source: AbbVie release, Oct 18 2026 (ABBV-706); ESMO 2026 poster 2567P, Lee et al. (BG-C477) | Design: Dr. Aakash Desai | Not Medical Advice
1) KOL infographic: GM (Gaceta Médica) article header: combination cut risk of death · 2) KOL infographic: Quote card: Mariano Provencio on tarlatamab as possible 1L · 3) KOL infographic: Redacción Médica article: Jacob Sands at the ESMO 2026
THE COMBINATION OF TARLATAMAB ( AMGEN ) + DURVALUMAB ( ASTRAZENECA) REDUCED THE RISK OF DEATH BY 58% AS FIRST-LINE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN EXTENSIVE-STAGE SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (ES-SCLC)
https://t.co/wQpCZiGzmr #pharmamar @expansioncom @Nasdaq #lurbinectedin @FT @FDA @EMA_News https://t.co/Hc0kO5dPIv https://t.co/9MvUKf6kv4
[Slide 3]
REDACCIÓN MÉDICA
Jacob Sands durante el simposio presidencial en ESMO 2026
DeLLphi-305: 58% más de supervivencia en fase de mantenimiento en cáncer de pulmón microcítico
• Añadir tarlatamab al mantenimiento con durvalumab mejoró la supervivencia global de forma estadísticamente significativa: mediana de 21,1 frente a 12,7 meses (HR 0,42; IC 95%: 0,32-0,54; p<0,001), de acuerdo con los datos presentados en ESMO 2026
KOL infographic: Aulos company graphic: Phase 2 imneskibart + avelumab in CPI-refractory adenocarcinoma NSCLC
Aulos Bioscience@AulosBioscience
Post text
We presented positive Phase 2 data at #ESMO26 showing exceptional progression-free survival for patients treated with imneskibart with avelumab for CPI-refractory adenocarcinoma #NSCLC. In heavily pre-treated patients, median PFS was 5.8 months (n=14). Enrollment in this Phase 2 cohort is complete, and these results mark an important step for our lung cancer program. Read the full results: https://t.co/KgYKIZDU8I
#LungCancer #Immunotherapy
ESMO 2026
New Phase 2 data for imneskibart with avelumab in CPI-refractory adenocarcinoma NSCLC
14 response-evaluable patients who had received a mean of 2.6 prior lines of therapy
5.8 mo
Median progression-free survival
21%
Confirmed objective response rate
86%
Disease control rate
Imneskibart is an investigational agent and has not been approved by any regulatory authority. Phase 2 avelumab combination cohort of an ongoing Phase 1/2 study (NCT05267626); adenocarcinoma histology, n=14 response-evaluable. Data cutoff Sept. 18, 2026. ESMO Congress 2026, Abstract 6280, Poster 2573P
aulos
KOL infographic: Aulos company card: imneskibart + avelumab in checkpoint inhibitor-refractory adenocarcinoma
Aulos Bioscience@AulosBioscience
Post text
Yesterday at #ESMO26, we presented Phase 2 data for imneskibart with avelumab in checkpoint inhibitor-refractory adenocarcinoma #NSCLC, a population with very limited treatment options after multiple prior therapies. The full poster is now available on our website: https://t.co/pPwYg4yrSx
#LungCancer #Immunotherapy
aulos
ESMO 2026
"These clinical results show remarkable progression-free survival in patients whose lung cancers have progressed despite multiple lines of prior therapies, including checkpoint inhibition, and who have very limited treatment options."
Aron Knickerbocker
President & CEO
5.8 mo
Median progression-free survival
21%
Confirmed objective response rate
86%
Disease control rate
n=14 response-evaluable; mean of 2.6 prior lines of therapy
Imneskibart is an investigational agent and has not been approved by any regulatory authority. Phase 2 avelumab combination cohort of an ongoing Phase 1/2 study (NCT05267626); adenocarcinoma histology, n=14 response-evaluable. Data cutoff Sept. 18, 2026. ESMO Congress 2026, Abstract 6280, Poster 2573P
KOL infographic: Japanese explainer card: tarlatamab + durvalumab + chemotherapy reduces risk of death by 58% in small
🧬 Sacituzumab tirumotecan sustained an OS advantage after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. At ESMO 2026, Prof. Wenfeng Fang of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center @sysu_1924 presented the prespecified final analysis of phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung04.
1. The China-only trial randomized 376 patients to sac-TMT or pemetrexed-platinum.
2. Median OS was 25.9 vs 17.4 months (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54–0.89) at 32.3 months’ follow-up.
3. After prespecified RPSFT adjustment for subsequent ADC use, the OS HR was 0.57.
4. Grade ≥3 TRAEs were 58.5% vs 53.8%; no new safety signals emerged.
Presented at European Society for Medical Oncology @myESMO, these conference data reinforce the survival signal, with toxicity central to interpretation.
🔗 Read the full article via the link in the comments below.
#MedJ #ESMO26 #LungCancer #NSCLC #EGFR #ADC #ClinicalTrials
MEDJ | ESMO 2026 HIGHLIGHTS
PROF. WENFENG FANG
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan Sustains Overall Survival Benefit After EGFR-TKI Progression
Key Points:
1. Phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung04 randomized 376 Chinese patients with EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC after EGFR-TKI progression.
2. At 32.3 months' follow-up, median OS was 25.9 versus 17.4 months (HR 0.69).
3. Prespecified RPSFT adjustment for subsequent ADC use yielded HR 0.57 (95% CI 0.42–0.75).
4. Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 58.5% versus 53.8%, with no new safety signals.
5. Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center's Prof. Wenfeng Fang presented final OS results at ESMO 2026.
MedJ
ESMO
KOL infographic: MedJ ESMO 2026 highlights card: PFS and OS after osimertinib resistance, Prof. Shun Lu
Phase 3 SAFFRON showed dual EGFR–MET targeting extended PFS and OS after osimertinib resistance in MET-driven EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC. Prof. Shun Lu of Shanghai Chest Hospital presented the results at the European Society for Medical Oncology @myESMO Congress 2026; they were published simultaneously in NEJM.
1. 338 patients received osimertinib–savolitinib or platinum–pemetrexed.
2. BICR median PFS: 7.6 vs 5.4 months (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.42–0.72).
3. Final median OS: 17.8 vs 12.9 months (HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.50–0.91).
4. Grade ≥3 TEAEs: 64% vs 63%; one treatment-related death occurred with the combination.
The findings support a biomarker-directed strategy with safety central to treatment selection.
🔗 Read the full article via the link in the comments below.
#MedJ #ESMO26 #NSCLC #EGFR #MET #LungCancer #PrecisionOncology
MEDJ | ESMO 2026 HIGHLIGHTS
PROF. SHUN LU
SAFFRON Improves PFS and OS After Osimertinib Resistance
Key Points:
1. Prof. Shun Lu of Shanghai Chest Hospital presented LBA6 at ESMO 2026; results appeared simultaneously in NEJM.
2. The global phase 3 trial randomized 338 patients to the combination or platinum–pemetrexed.
3. Eligibility required MET 3+ in ≥90% of tumor cells or ≥10 gene copies.
4. BICR median PFS was 7.6 versus 5.4 months; final median OS was 17.8 versus 12.9 months.
5. Grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 64% versus 63%, with one treatment-related death.
MedJ
ESMO
KOL infographic: MedJ ESMO 2026 highlights card: sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab
In the phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung06 interim analysis, sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab cut progression/death risk by 51% versus chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab in PD-L1-negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
Presented by Prof. Caicun Zhou of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University @Tongji_Uni , at the European Society for Medical Oncology @myESMO Congress 2026 (LBA66) and published in NEJM:
1. 455 untreated patients in China; PD-L1 TPS <1%, no EGFR/ALK alterations
2. BICR median PFS: 15.0 vs 5.7 months (HR 0.49)
3. Median DoR: 13.6 vs 6.8 months; ORR: 50.2% vs 47.3%
4. Grade ≥3 TEAEs: 47.6% vs 60.6%; OS remains immature
These data support a potential chemotherapy-free first-line option, pending mature OS follow-up.
🔗 Read the full article via the link in the comments below.
#MedJ #ESMO26 #NSCLC #LungCancer #ADC #Immunotherapy #ClinicalTrials
MEDJ | ESMO 2026 HIGHLIGHTS
PROF. CAICUN ZHOU
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan Combination Extends PFS in PD-L1-Negative Advanced NSCLC
Key Points:
1. Prof. Caicun Zhou presented the 455-patient randomized phase 3 trial conducted in China.
2. Eligible tumors had PD-L1 TPS below 1% and no EGFR or ALK alterations.
3. BICR median PFS was 15.0 versus 5.7 months (HR 0.49).
4. Median DoR was 13.6 versus 6.8 months despite similar ORRs.
5. Grade ≥3 TEAEs were 47.6% versus 60.6%; OS data remain immature.
MedJ
ESMO
KOL infographic: LARVOL ESMO 2026 Key Trials Day 3 Preview schedule (25 Oct)
ESMO 2026 KEY TRIALS | DAY 3 PREVIEW | 25 OCT
Location/Time | Tumor | Trial | Title | Presenter
Almeria Auditorium - Hall 9 08:30-08:40 | GU Cancer | LITESPARK-012: Pembro + Lenva + Belzu Or Pembro/Quavon + Lenva, Abs: 3586O | First-line pembrolizumab + lenvatinib + belzutifan or MK-1308A + lenvatinib in advanced RCC: Randomized open-label phase 3 LITESPARK-012 study | Toni K. Choueiri
Almeria Auditorium - Hall 9 08:40-08:50 | GU Cancer | LITESPARK-011: Belzu + Lenva vs Cabo, Abs: 3587O | Final analysis of the phase 3 LITESPARK-011 study: Belzutifan (bel) plus lenvatinib (len) versus cabozantinib (cabo) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after anti–PD-(L)1 therapy | Daniel Y. Heng
Barcelona Auditorium - Hall 9 09:14-09:19 | Lung Cancer | DIAL: Cont (Pembro ± peme) vs Obs ( ± peme), Abs: 2618RO | Analysis of the phase 2 part of IFCT-2103 DIAL phase 2-3 randomized trial, comparing continuation pembrolizumab (± pemetrexed) up to 2 years versus observation (± pemetrexed), in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) with disease control (DC) at 6 months | Anne Claire Toffart
Almeria Auditorium - Hall 9 11:00-11:10 | GI Cancer | AZUR-1: Dosta, Abs: LBA87 | Clinical complete response with dostarlimab monotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): First results from the global registrational AZUR-1 trial | Andrea Cercek
Almeria Auditorium - Hall 9 11:10-11:20 | GI Cancer | UNION: RT -> Camre + Chemo, Abs: 3530O | Neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy followed by camrelizumab and chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): The phase 3 UNION trial | Zhen Yu Lin
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 10:15-10:25 | Lung Cancer | SARON: SACT+RT, Abs: 2613O | Primary results of SARON: A randomised-controlled trial of consolidation radiotherapy for synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer | Fiona McDonald
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 10:25-10:35 | Lung Cancer | PERSEE: Pembro vs Pembro + Chemo, Abs: 2614O | Pembrolizumab with or without platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥50%: PERSEE phase 3 trial (GFPC 01-2020) | Chantal Decroisette
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 10:53-11:03 | Lung Cancer | OptiTROP-Lung06: Sac-TMT + Pembro, Abs: LBA66 | Sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) plus pembrolizumab (P) versus chemotherapy (chemo) plus pembrolizumab (P) as first-line (1L) treatment for PD-L1-negative advanced non-squamous (nsq) NSCLC: Randomized phase 3 OptiTROP-Lung06 study | Caicun Zhou
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 11:03-11:13 | Lung Cancer | OptiTROP-Lung04: Sac-TMT vs Chemo, Abs: LBA67 | Final OS analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) versus platinum-based chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on EGFR-TKI: Phase III OptiTROP-Lung04 study | Wen Feng Fang
Barcelona Auditorium - Hall 9 14:45-14:50 | GU Cancer | KEYNOTE-564: Pembro vs Pbo, Abs: 3589RO | Final protocol-prespecified analysis of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-564 trial of adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) | Toni K. Choueiri
Barcelona Auditorium - Hall 9 15:12-15:17 | GU Cancer | PAPMET2: Cabo + Atezo vs Cabo, Abs: 3591RO | First results of SWOG S2200, a randomized, phase II study comparing cabozantinib with or without atezolizumab in metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma (mPRCC) | Benjamin L. Maughan
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 16:30-16:42 | Lung Cancer | Krascendo 1: Diva vs Soto or Ada, Abs: LBA5 | Krascendo 1: Efficacy and safety of divarasib (diva) vs sotorasib (soto) or adagrasib (ada) in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC | Ferdinandos Skoulidis
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 16:54-17:06 | Lung Cancer | SAFFRON: Osi + Savo vs Plat-pem, Abs: LBA6 | Osimertinib (osi) + savolitinib (savo) vs platinum–pemetrexed (plat–pem) in EGFRm MET-overexpressed (OE) and/or -amplified (AMP) advanced NSCLC post-osi: SAFFRON phase (Ph) 3 primary results | Shun Lu
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 17:18-17:30 | GI Cancer | CLARITY-Gastric 01: Sone-Ve, Abs: LBA7 | CLARITY-Gastric 01 (CG-01): A phase 3 study of sonesitatug vedotin (Sone-Ve) in second or later-line (2L+) advanced or metastatic Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2)-positive gastroesophageal carcinoma (GEC) | Rui-Hua Xu
Alicante Auditorium - Hall 6 17:42-17:54 | GI Cancer | HARMONi-GI1: Ivo + Chemo vs Durva + Chemo, Abs: LBA8 | Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus durvalumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer: A randomized, controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 trial (HARMONi-GI1) | Jian Zhou
LARVOL
KOL infographic: JCO visual abstract: dalmelitinib plus
‼️ #ESMO26 simultaneous publication by Lu, et al.
Dalmelitinib plus Aumolertinib in Advanced NSCLC Patients With EGFR-TKI-Resistance and MET-Amplification: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial
Read full publication: https://t.co/OrIXUwxTBQ https://t.co/T2j2tsk8Tz
Dalmelitinib plus Aumolertinib in Advanced NSCLC Patients With EGFR-TKI-Resistance and MET-Amplification: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial
Primary Endpoint-PFS by BICR
HR 0.60
40% reduction in risk of disease progression or death
95% CI, 0.45–0.81; p <0.001
Median PFS, months
Dalmetinib + Aumolertinib 6.2
Platinum chemotherapy 4.4
ORR, %
Dalmetinib + Aumolertinib 59.6
Platinum chemotherapy 38.6
Median DoR, months
Dalmetinib + Aumolertinib 9.7
Platinum chemotherapy 4.4
Grade ≥3 TRAEs: 46.8% vs 44.8% — similar frequency between arms
Relevance
For patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC with disease progression on an EGFR TKI, this study supports MET testing at the time of disease progression and the use of EGFR TKI with a MET inhibitor in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC with MET amplification.*
*Relevance section written by JCO Editor-in-Chief Designate Thomas E. Stinchcombe, MD, FASCO.
Figure Legend
Efficacy and safety outcomes of Dalmetinib plus Aumolertinib versus platinum-based chemotherapy. BICR, blinded independent central review; CI, confidence interval; DoR, duration of response; HR, hazard ratio; ORR, objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival; TRAE, treatment-related adverse event.
Li et al. (2026) | Journal of Clinical Oncology | DOI: 10.1200/JCO-26-02432
OncoAlert 4Sight Abstracts to be Presented at #ESMO26
Tarlatamab Plus Durvalumab vs Durvalumab as First-Line Maintenance Therapy Following Durvalumab, Platinum, and Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC): Primary Analysis of the Phase 3 DeLLphi-305 Trial
@sands_jacob
🫁 Phase 3 (n=563): tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab as first-line maintenance after durvalumab + platinum–etoposide in ES-SCLC. Primary endpoint: OS.
➡️ Median OS 21.1 vs 12.7 mo; HR 0.42 (0.32–0.54); P<0.001
➡️ Median PFS 7.4 vs 1.9 mo; HR 0.34 (0.28–0.42); ORR 26.4% vs 4.1%
➡️ Grade ≥3 TEAEs 46.8% vs 40.6%; CRS 49.6% (grade ≥3: 0.4%)
✅ Significant OS, PFS and ORR improvement, establishing tarlatamab + durvalumab as a new standard of care first-line maintenance therapy for ES-#SCLC #LungCancer
🎙️ Jacob Sands
(4Sight Made from Abstracts publicly available at the ESMO website)
Pinging our faculty
@christine_lovly, @GlopesMd, @DrSanjayPopat, @StephenVLiu, @jillfeldman4, @UOzkerim, @DrMirallas, @MartinReck2 , @bmassutis @UmbertoMalapel1 , @CharuAggarwalMD
@peters_solange, @HenningWillers, @HHorinouchi, @BRicciutiMD, @PercyLeeMD, @bensolomon1, @Latinamd, @DrJNaidoo, @barlesi, @VanitaNoronha, @ChristianRolfo @Tony_Calles @s_couraud @marinagarassino @g_mountzios @BairdAM @barlesi @JFreemanDaily @Piuchagarrido @PercyLeeMD @bensolomon1 @VanitaNoronha @alexdrilon @JordiRemon @JulienMazieres @TerriConneran @HenningWillers
OncoAlert 4Sight Abstracts to be Presented at #ESMO26
Final Analysis of Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Resected Early-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Phase 3 PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 Study
@LuisPaz_Ares
@AlxMtzMarti
@BenjaminBesseMD
@peters_solange
🫁 Phase 3 (n=1177): adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in resected stage IB–IIIA NSCLC. Final analysis; median follow-up 87.7 mo.
➡️ DFS HR 0.85 (0.73–0.98); median 58.7 vs 43.3 mo
➡️ OS HR 0.98 (0.81–1.18); 6-y OS 68.5% vs 66.4%
➡️ LCSS HR 0.81 (0.63–1.03); grade ≥3 AEs 34.0% vs 25.6%
✅ Consistent DFS benefit with a favorable trend in LCSS and manageable safety; OS was not significantly improved, and the study was not powered for OS.
🎙️ Mary O’Brien
👥 Luis Paz-Ares · Sandrine Marreaud · Urania Dafni · Kersti Oselin · Libor Havel · Emilio Esteban · Dolores Isla · Alex Martinez-Marti · Martin Faehling · Masahiro Tsuboi · Jong-Seok Lee · Kazuhiko Nakagawa · Jing Yang · Ayman Samkari · Steven Keller · Murielle Mauer · Nitish Jha · Rolf Stahel · Benjamin Besse · Solange Peters
(4Sight Made from Abstracts publicly available at the ESMO website)
Pinging our faculty
@christine_lovly, @GlopesMd, @DrSanjayPopat, @StephenVLiu, @jillfeldman4, @UOzkerim, @DrMirallas, @MartinReck2 , @bmassutis @UmbertoMalapel1 , @CharuAggarwalMD
@peters_solange, @HenningWillers, @HHorinouchi, @BRicciutiMD, @PercyLeeMD, @bensolomon1, @Latinamd, @DrJNaidoo, @barlesi, @VanitaNoronha, @ChristianRolfo @Tony_Calles @s_couraud @marinagarassino @g_mountzios @BairdAM @barlesi @JFreemanDaily @Piuchagarrido @PercyLeeMD @bensolomon1 @VanitaNoronha @alexdrilon @JordiRemon @JulienMazieres @TerriConneran @HenningWillers
After osimertinib progression in EGFRm NSCLC:
Target the mechanism or treat all?
SAFFRON vs MARIPOSA-2 — impressive results, but how many patients can actually be rebiopsied?
SAFFRON | ESMO 2026
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum–pemetrexed
Patients with MET overexpression (IHC3+ ≥90%) and/or MET amplification (FISH10+) after progression on osimertinib
Progression-free survival (PFS)
Osimertinib + savolitinib 7.6 months
Platinum–pemetrexed 5.4 months
HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42–0.72) p < 0.001
+2.2 months absolute gain
Overall survival (OS)
Osimertinib + savolitinib 17.8 months
Platinum–pemetrexed 12.9 months
HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.91) p = 0.010*
+4.9 months absolute gain
Key points from SAFFRON
First randomized Phase III showing a targeted, chemotherapy-free strategy after osimertinib in MET-altered disease
Consistent PFS benefit across MET subgroups (overexpression and amplification)
Statistically significant and clinically meaningful OS benefit
Highlights the importance of identifying resistance mechanisms
MARIPOSA-2 | NEJM 2023/2024
Amivantamab + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy
Unselected EGFRm population after progression on osimertinib (no requirement for MET alteration)
Progression-free survival (PFS)
Amivantamab + chemo 6.3 months
Chemotherapy 4.2 months
HR 0.48 (95% CI 0.36–0.64) p < 0.001
+2.1 months absolute gain
Overall survival (OS)
Amivantamab + chemo 17.7 months
Chemotherapy 15.3 months
HR 0.73 (95% CI 0.54–0.99) p = 0.039†
+2.4 months absolute gain
Key points from MARIPOSA-2
Improved PFS with amivantamab + chemotherapy in an unselected EGFRm population after osimertinib
Numerically higher HR for PFS, with a similar absolute gain vs SAFFRON
OS improvement observed, but did not cross the pre-specified statistical boundary at the interim analysis
Standard option for patients without an identified actionable resistance mechanism
The critical question: how many patients can actually be rebiopsied and identified as MET-altered after progression on osimertinib?
~30–50% of patients may not undergo rebiopsy
Barriers to tissue or liquid rebiopsy in real-world practice
Clinical deterioration and poor performance status
Inaccessible or unsafe tumor sites
Insufficient tissue for comprehensive molecular testing
Turnaround time and cost
Use of plasma ctDNA with variable sensitivity for MET alterations
Both strategies offer meaningful benefits, but the ability to identify MET-altered disease is a real-world challenge that may limit the number of patients who can receive osimertinib + savolitinib.
1) KOL infographic: OncoAlert card: methods (design, population, endpoints, data cutoff) · 2) KOL infographic: OncoAlert card: results (PFS, OS, DoR, safety) · 3) KOL infographic: OncoAlert card: conclusion
[Slide 2]
Methods
DESIGN
1:1 randomization to osimertinib 80 mg QD + savolitinib 300 mg BID (n=171), or platinum-pemetrexed Q3W x 4 then pemetrexed maintenance (n=167).
POPULATION
EGFRm (Ex19del/L858R and/or T790M) advanced NSCLC after first- or second-line osimertinib, with MET IHC3+ in >=90% of tumor cells and/or >=10 MET gene copies by FISH.
ENDPOINTS
Primary: PFS by BICR (RECIST 1.1). Secondary/exploratory: OS, investigator-assessed PFS and safety.
DATA CUTOFF
Jul 6, 2026. Treatment continued until RECIST progression or discontinuation.
Based on publicly released #ESMO 2026 abstract. Preliminary data, not peer-reviewed. Not medical advice. (c) original authors/ESMO.
[Slide 3]
Results
All comparisons: osimertinib + savolitinib vs platinum-pemetrexed
PFS
By BICR: median 7.6 vs 5.4 mo; HR 0.55 (95% CI 0.42-0.72); p<0.001. By investigator: 7.4 vs 4.2 mo; HR 0.47 (0.36-0.61). Consistent in MET-OE and MET-AMP subgroups.
OS
Median 17.8 (15.6-23.7) vs 12.9 (10.6-16.8) mo; HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50-0.91); p=0.010.
DURATION OF RESPONSE
Median DoR by BICR 9.7 vs 5.7 mo.
SAFETY
Grade >=3 TEAEs 64% vs 63%; grade >=3 TRAEs 40% vs 52%. Serious TEAEs 41% vs 28%; TEAEs leading to discontinuation 14% vs 8%.
Based on publicly released #ESMO 2026 abstract. Preliminary data, not peer-reviewed. Not medical advice. (c) original authors/ESMO.
[Slide 4]
Conclusion
Osimertinib + savolitinib significantly improved PFS and OS vs platinum-pemetrexed
The authors describe a manageable safety profile and state the data support osimertinib + savolitinib as an effective, oral, targeted treatment for these patients, establishing a new global standard of care.
Based on publicly released #ESMO 2026 abstract. Preliminary data, not peer-reviewed. Not medical advice. (c) original authors/ESMO.
KOL infographic: OS summary infographic (Lung Cancer Europe, ESMO 2026)
‼️ Impressive results from DeLLphi-305 (phase III) just out this afternoon #ESMO26.
Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab alone, 1L maintenance ES-SCLC. Median OS 21.1 vs 12.7 months, HR 0.42, 58% reduction in risk of death.
This is great news for people affected by small cell #lungcancer. Both drugs already have EU and UK approvals on their own.
The real gap: new medicines can still take 600+ days to reach patients in lower-income European countries. Practice-changing data is only half the story.
https://t.co/URxWYXyhKX #LCSM
Lung Cancer Europe
ESMO 2026
Major survival gains in small cell lung cancer
Phase III trial results show median survival of 21.1 months with tarlatamab plus durvalumab in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
Tarlatamab + durvalumab: 21.1 months median overall survival
Durvalumab alone: 12.7 months median overall survival
58% lower risk of death (HR 0.42)
DeLLphi-305 | Phase III | ESMO 2026
KOL infographic: LARVOL cross-trial table: KRYSTAL-7, KANDLELIT-001, LOXO-RAS-20001 in 1L
.@myESMO Presidential Symposium Spotlight: A chemo-free option after osimertinib? In the phase 3 SAFFRON trial, osimertinib + savolitinib improved PFS (HR, 0.55) and OS (HR, 0.68) vs platinum/pemetrexed in EGFR+ NSCLC with MET overexpression/amplification.
Full #ESMO26 data: https://t.co/Wi6WGWGQTp
#medtwitter #oncology #lcsm
#ESMO2026 opened today in Madrid, and a big focus for EGFR+ #lungcancer is what happens when osimertinib stops working.
🔬 Here are 5 studies we’re watching, from new targeted combinations and antibody-drug conjugates to blood tests that could guide treatment decisions.
#LCSM https://t.co/Y2BDWvyzg5
🔬ESMO 2026 Lung Cancer Abstract Highlights | How are emerging therapies reshaping the lung cancer treatment landscape?
These 10 selected phase III studies explore new strategies across #SCLC and #NSCLC, including immunotherapy, next-generation #ADCs and targeted approaches to treatment resistance.
🔹DeLLphi-305 (LBA3): Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs. durvalumab alone as first-line maintenance for ES-SCLC, testing DLL3-directed T-cell engagement earlier in treatment.
🔹OptiTROP-Lung06 (LBA66): Sacituzumab tirumotecan (TROP2 ADC) + pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy + pembrolizumab in first-line PD-L1-negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
🔹OptiTROP-Lung04 (LBA67): Final overall survival analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan vs. platinum-based chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
🔹Sigvotatug Vedotin (LBA68): A phase III comparison with docetaxel in previously treated nonsquamous NSCLC, examining efficacy and safety.
🔹KRASCENDO 1 (LBA5): Divarasib vs. sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC, offering a direct comparison within the targeted therapy class.
🔹SAFFRON (LBA6): Osimertinib + savolitinib vs. platinum-pemetrexed after osimertinib progression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification.
🔹SANOVO (LBA69): Savolitinib + osimertinib vs. osimertinib alone in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutated NSCLC with MET overexpression, exploring upfront dual-target inhibition.
🔹PANKU-Lung01 (LBA71): Izalontamab brengitecan, a bispecific ADC, in EGFR-mutated nonsquamous NSCLC after progression on a third-generation EGFR-TKI.
🔹HERON-Lung01 (LBA72): Ruzaltatug rezetecan, a HER3-directed ADC, vs. platinum-based chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.
🔹Neotorch (LBA64): Final analysis of perioperative toripalimab + chemotherapy in resectable stage II-III NSCLC, focusing on long-term outcomes.
🔗Read more: https://t.co/VFp0ZPHqrz
💡MedChemExpress offers 3900+ tools for lung cancer research: https://t.co/ocVzoOmrXB
#ESMO26 #ESMO2026 #ESMO #LungCancer #CancerResearch #Oncology
ESMO 2026
Lung Cancer Abstract Highlights
DeLLphi-305 (LBA3)
Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs. durvalumab alone as first-line maintenance for ES-SCLC, testing DLL3-directed T-cell engagement earlier in treatment.
OptiTROP-Lung06 (LBA66)
Sacituzumab tirumotecan (TROP2 ADC) + pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy + pembrolizumab in first-line PD-L1-negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
OptiTROP-Lung04 (LBA67)
Final overall survival analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan vs. platinum-based chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
Sigvotatug Vedotin (LBA68)
A phase III comparison with docetaxel in previously treated nonsquamous NSCLC, examining efficacy and safety.
KRASCENDO 1 (LBA5)
Divarasib vs. sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC, offering a direct comparison within the targeted therapy class.
SAFFRON (LBA6)
Osimertinib + savolitinib vs. platinum-pemetrexed after osimertinib progression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC with MET overexpression and/or amplification.
SANOVO (LBA69)
Savolitinib + osimertinib vs. osimertinib alone in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutated NSCLC with MET overexpression, exploring upfront dual-target inhibition.
PANKU-Lung01 (LBA71)
Izalontamab brengitecan, a bispecific ADC, in EGFR-mutated nonsquamous NSCLC after progression on a third-generation EGFR-TKI.
HERON-Lung01 (LBA72)
Ruzaltatug rezetecan, a HER3-directed ADC, vs. platinum-based chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI progression in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.
Neotorch (LBA64)
Final analysis of perioperative toripalimab + chemotherapy in resectable stage II–III NSCLC, focusing on long-term outcomes.
[icons: lungs, antibodies, DNA helix, pills, scalpel]
KOL infographic: ACUVOX dashboard: which top KOLs champion or criticise each ESMO26 study
👥 #ESMO26 | ¿Qué opinan los principales KOLs según ACUVOX?
Junto a @OncoAlert mapeamos en tiempo real qué especialistas respaldan o cuestionan cada ensayo clave del congreso:
🟢 Consenso positivo absoluto entre los principales KOLs:
• VOLGA: 8 a favor vs. 0 en contra
• DeLLphi-305: 7 a favor vs. 0 en contra
• SAFFRON: 5 a favor vs. 0 en contra
• OptiTROP-Lung06: 4 a favor vs. 0 en contra
• DASL-HiCaP: 4 a favor vs. 0 en contra ⚖️ Discrepancias y debate:
• INTerpath-001: 6 defensores frente a 1 voz crítica.
• KRASCENDO-1 y NATALEE: Consolidan amplio apoyo con voces neutras en la discusión.
Explora qué oncólogos lideran la conversación y lee sus posts originales 👉 https://t.co/NWIFmyYDRv
#ESMO26 #ACUVOX #OncoAlert #OncoBites #MedicalOncology
ACUVOX by OncoBites x OncoAlert
Congresses
The voices
Who drove the conversation · 952 people across 33 countries
All 952
Who champions what
Top KOLs × top studies, coloured by their sentiment — champions and critics at a glance
DeLLphi-305 | VOLGA | KRASCENDO-1 | SAFFRON | INTerpath-001 | HEALER | OptiTROP-Lung06 | DASL-HiCaP | NATALEE | PANKU-Br[illegible]
Tom Powles
OncoAlert
Aya Mohamed | MSc, ...
Dr Amol Akhade
Toni Choueiri, MD
Nicholas Hornstein
Yakup Ergün
Hidehito HORINOUCHI
Avacta
Jeff Ryckman
Yüksel Ürün
Sara Tolaney
Study consensus
Champions, critics and neutral voices among the top KOLs.
VOLGA 8 vs 0
DeLLphi-305 7 vs 0
INTerpath-001 6 vs 1
KRASCENDO-1 5 vs 0 · 1 neutral
SAFFRON 5 vs 0
NATALEE 4 vs 0 · 1 neutral
PANKU-Breast01 4 vs 0 · 1 neutral
OptiTROP-Lung06 4 vs 0
DASL-HiCaP 4 vs 0
HEALER 0 vs 0
Champions Critics Neutral
All studies →
KOL infographic: LBA3 results summary infographic (, ESMO 2026)
BREAKING NEWS
LBA3
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
@FernandoOnco
ONCOLOGY BASED ON EVIDENCE FOR A BETTER PRACTICE
DeLLphi-305: Tarlatamab + durvalumab vs durvalumab as 1L maintenance after durvalumab + platinum-etoposide in ES-SCLC
Phase 3 randomized study
Population
ES-SCLC without progression after 1L durvalumab + platinum-etoposide
N = 563 randomized
Tarlatamab + durva (n = 282) vs Durva (n = 281)
Design
• Primary endpoint: OS
• Key secondary: investigator-assessed PFS, ORR, safety
• Tarlatamab 1 mg C1D1; 10 mg C1D8, C1D15, then Q2W
• Durvalumab 1500 mg Q4W
Key question
Does adding tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance improve outcomes after induction therapy in ES-SCLC?
RESULTS Data presented at ESMO 2026 | DeLLphi-305 (phase 3) | N = 563
Overall survival (OS)
Tarlatamab + durva Median OS 21.1 months (95% CI, 20.8 – NE)
Durva Median OS 12.7 months (95% CI, 11.2 – 14.8)
HR 0.42 (95% CI, 0.32 – 0.54)
P < 0.001
12-month OS rate 79.4% vs 53.3%
Progression-free survival (PFS)
Tarlatamab + durva Median PFS 7.4 months (95% CI, 5.6 – 9.1)
Durva Median PFS 1.9 months (95% CI, 1.9 – 2.0)
HR 0.34 (95% CI, 0.28 – 0.42)
P < 0.001
[illustrative PFS curve: PFS probability 0–1.0 vs Months 0–30; Tarlatamab + durva; Durva]
Objective response rate (ORR)
Tarlatamab + durva 26.4% (95% CI, 20.9 – 32.5)
Durva 4.1% (95% CI, 2.0 – 7.4)
P < 0.001
Manageable safety profile
Any-grade TEAEs 99.6% vs 92.8%
Grade ≥3 TEAEs 46.8% vs 40.6%
CRS (any grade) 49.6% vs 1.4% (grade ≥3: 0.4% vs 0)
ICANS (any grade) 1.1% vs 0 (no grade ≥3)
No fatal CRS or ICANS events
THE BIG QUESTION | Could tarlatamab + durvalumab become a new standard 1LM therapy for ES-SCLC?
CONCLUSIONS (DeLLphi-305)
• Tarlatamab + durvalumab significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR vs durvalumab alone.
• Median OS: 21.1 vs 12.7 months.
• CRS and ICANS were mainly low grade.
• No fatal CRS or ICANS events reported.
• These results support tarlatamab + durvalumab as a potential new standard for 1LM ES-SCLC.
DeLLphi-305 establishes tarlatamab + durvalumab as a promising new standard of care for 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC.
KOL infographic: KOL-made infographic : consolidation radiotherapy for synchronous
ESMO 2026 • MADRID
@drjosefernandomoura
SARON
Consolidation radiotherapy for synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC
Primary results from a randomised phase II trial
Population: Synchronous oligometastatic AGA-negative NSCLC; 1–5 metastases in ≤3 organs; N = 140 randomised across 22 UK centres
Design: Multicentre phase II, 1:1 randomised; SACT alone vs SACT + radical RT; Endpoints: OS and PFS
Key question: Does consolidation RT improve outcomes in synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC?
RESULTS | Median follow-up: 37.4 months | 140 patients | 22 UK centres
Overall survival (OS): 31.0 vs 28.0 months; HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.63–1.55) p = 0.95; No OS benefit
Progression-free survival (PFS): 13.9 vs 8.9 months; HR 0.64 (95% CI 0.43–0.95) p = 0.03; PFS improved
12-month local failure: 13.0% vs 39.5%; p < 0.01; Better local control
New distant metastasis: 36.2% vs 32.3%; p = 0.28; No difference
Grade ≥3 adverse events: 28.6% in both arms; 6 grade 3 events possibly RT-related
Quality of life: EORTC QLQ-C30 and LC13; Similar in both arms
Treatment details (experimental arm): Radical RT to lung primary ± locoregional nodes; Stereotactic ablative RT (SABR) to oligometastases
THE BIG QUESTION | Is improved local control an PFS enough when overall survival does not move?
CONCLUSIONS (SARON): Consolidation RT improved PFS and local disease control; No overall survival benefit was observed; Toxicity and quality of life were broadly similar between arms; A signal for disease control, but not yet a survival-changing strategy
SARON supports better local control and longer PFS with consolidation RT — but without an OS gain.
KOL infographic: ACUVOX dashboard: top ESMO26 studies by impact and studies by sentiment
📊 Top estudios por impacto y sentimiento en #ESMO26 según ACUVOX
Junto a @OncoAlert monitorizamos qué readouts dominaron la conversación digital y cómo reaccionaron los especialistas:
🥇 DeLLphi-305: 4.0M alcance · 168 posts · Puntuación de impacto 94 (fuerte consenso positivo).
🥈 VOLGA: 3.7M alcance · 138 posts · Impacto 82.
🥉 KRASCENDO-1: 3.5M alcance · 91 posts · Impacto 73.
4️⃣ SAFFRON: 3.3M alcance · 86 posts · Impacto 70.
5️⃣ INTerpath-001: 2.1M alcance · 152 posts.
⚠️ Contraste de sentimiento: Mientras DeLLphi-305, VOLGA y KRASCENDO-1 consolidan un respaldo abrumadoramente positivo, ensayos como KEYNOTE-866, KEYNOTE-B49 y LITESPARK-012 acumulan las mayores barras de escepticismo y sentimiento negativo.
Consulta el mapa completo y todos los posts originales 👉 https://t.co/C5fZDs8BFa
#ESMO26 #ACUVOX #OncoAlert #OncoBites #Oncologia
Krascendo 1 trial: Patients with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-altered #NSCLC, divarasib therapy improves survival outcomes compared with sotorasib or adagrasib.
Presented at #ESMO26 and published in @NEJM, read the data:
https://t.co/sp8JfXMcWi https://t.co/ExeQQ99ezk
[Slide 2]
ESMO Oct 23-27
In patients with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-altered NSCLC, divarasib therapy improves survival outcomes compared with sotorasib or adagrasib, according to research from the Krascendo 1 trial.
Cancer Therapy ADVISOR
[Slide 3]
ESMO Oct 23-27
1 Patients with previously treated advanced/metastatic KRAS G12C-altered NSCLC, divarasib therapy improves survival outcomes.
2 The median PFS was 9.8 months in the divarasib arm and 5.7 months in the control arm.
3 The median OS was 17.7 months in the divarasib arm and 12.0 months in the control arm.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Cancer Therapy ADVISOR
KOL infographic: EORTC key messages card: final results (Mary O'Brien)
Presented at #ESMO26: final results from the PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 study.
Dr Mary O’Brien shared long-term follow-up data on adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with completely resected stage IB-IIIA NSCLC.
Read the key takeaways from the presentation below ⬇️
#EORTC #NSCLC @myESMO https://t.co/4xuKH4GPmk
ESMO Rapid Oral session presented by:
Mary O'Brien (United Kingdom)
EORTC European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer
Key messages
Pembrolizumab delays lung cancer recurrence after surgery
• Significantly delayed relapse in resected stage IB-IIIA NSCLC
• Improved lung cancer-specific survival
• No overall survival benefit observed at final analysis
• Quality of life remained comparable to placebo
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
KOL infographic: Cancer Therapy Advisor key-takeaways card: tarlatamab + durvalumab
More from #ESMO26! In the phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial, researchers examined outcomes of the addition of tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance in ES-SCLC.
Presented by @sands_jacob of @DanaFarber at the @myESMO Congress 2026
See the data here: https://t.co/aNpAMRsjYz https://t.co/9pyzmvr4Ni
ESMO Oct 23-27
1 In patients with ES-SCLC, adding tarlatamab to durvalumab maintenance therapy significantly improves outcomes, with a "manageable" safety profile
2 The median OS was 21.1 months with tarlatamab plus durvalumab and 12.7 months with durvalumab alone
3 The 12-month OS rates were 79% and 53%, respectively
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Cancer Therapy Advisor
KOL infographic: KOL-shared 'Breaking News' infographic: divarasib vs sotorasib/adagrasib
The PERSEE trial showed that adding chemotherapy to pembrolizumab improves disease control, but comes with greater toxicity and no statistically significant overall survival benefit. The big question: Does more treatment necessarily mean living longer? @myESMO #ESMO26 https://t.co/I2qOIPEYIz
MADRID 2026 ESMO congress
@FernandoOnco ONCOLOGY BASED ON EVIDENCE FOR A BETTER PRACTICE
BISPECIFIC vs TRISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES IN 1L NSCLC
Same goal. More targets. Greater potential.
BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY: 2 targets, 1 powerful alliance
PD-1 (immune activation) | VEGF-A (anti-angiogenesis)
"I BLOCK 2 PATHWAYS TO FIGHT CANCER!"
TRISPECIFIC ANTIBODY: 3 targets, 1 next-level approach
PD-1 (immune activation) | VEGF-A (anti-angiogenesis) | CTLA-4 (T-cell priming)
"I HIT 3 TARGETS FOR A BROADER AND DEEPER RESPONSE!"
TARGETS: 2 | 3 [dots]
ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITY: Dual pathway inhibition | Expanded immune activation + anti-angiogenesis
RATIONAL DESIGN: Proven efficacy and manageable safety profile | Potential for deeper and more durable responses
CLINICAL IMPACT: New standard in 1L NSCLC | The next generation of I-O therapy?
KEY TAKEAWAY: From 2 to 3 targets, trispecific antibodies aim to amplify anti-tumor immunity and improve outcomes in 1L NSCLC.
KOL infographic: Larvol CLIN dashboard screenshot: Top Trials by X posts
Extending survival in ES-SCLC got a major upgrade: Amgen’s Phase 3 DeLLphi-305 trial showed IMDELLTRA + IMFINZI reduced risk of death by 58% in 1L maintenance, boosting median OS to 21.1 months vs 12.7 months.
#Oncology #LungCancer #ESMO26 https://t.co/tgp4pAQxig
ESMO 2026 Highlights of the Third Day (25.10.2026)
INTerpath-001 (LBA1), DeLLphi-305 (LBA3), SAFFRON (LBA6): today’s key readouts. Full day reports :
https://t.co/BrjqVEmevJ
#ESMO26 #LCSM #LungCancer #GICancer #Melanoma #HNCancer #OncoTwitter https://t.co/Z4npGvfCCA
OncoHub.ai
ONCOLOGY SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN
ESMO 2026 — Highlights of the Third Day (25.10.2026)
practice-changing findings, ranked
MELANOMA & SKIN CANCERS
INTerpath-001 (LBA1)
First phase 3 for personalised mRNA neoantigen vaccine; practice-defining if validated.
adjuvant resected melanoma — 24-mo RFS 82.2% vs 70.0%; HR 0.58 (0.45–0.75); p<0.001; DMFS HR 0.62 (0.45–0.85)
THORACIC / LUNG CANCER
DeLLphi-305 (LBA3)
New standard of care candidate for 1L maintenance in ES-SCLC with unprecedented survival gain.
ES-SCLC 1L maintenance — mOS 21.1 vs 12.7 mo; HR 0.42 (0.32–0.54); p<0.001; mPFS 7.4 vs 1.9 mo; HR 0.34
THORACIC / LUNG CANCER
SAFFRON (LBA6)
First phase 3 to show both PFS and OS benefit targeting MET resistance after osimertinib.
EGFRm MET+ NSCLC post-osi — mPFS 7.6 vs 5.4 mo; HR 0.55 (0.42–0.72); p<0.001; mOS 17.8 vs 12.9 mo; HR 0.68; p=0.010
THORACIC / LUNG CANCER
Krascendo 1 (LBA5)
Establishes divarasib as new SoC for 2L+ KRAS G12C NSCLC, outperforming approved inhibitors.
2L+ KRAS G12C NSCLC — mPFS 9.8 vs 5.7 mo; HR 0.58 (0.44–0.76); mOS 17.7 vs 12.0 mo; HR 0.56 (0.41–0.78); ORR 58.4% vs 32.3%
THORACIC / LUNG CANCER
OptiTROP-Lung06 (LBA66)
First randomized phase 3 showing TROP2 ADC + PD-1 superiority over chemo-IO SoC in NSCLC.
1L PD-L1<1% nsq NSCLC — mPFS 15.0 vs 5.7 mo; HR 0.49 (0.36–0.65); p<0.0001; OS HR 0.58 (0.38–0.88)
GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS
HARMONi-GI1 (LBA8)
Potential new 1L SoC for advanced BTC with bispecific PD-1/VEGF antibody.
1L advanced BTC — mOS 14.9 vs 12.1 mo; HR 0.75 (0.61–0.92); p=0.0031; mPFS 8.4 vs 5.8 mo; HR 0.61; ORR 53.8% vs 32.5%
GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS
CLARITY-Gastric01 (LBA7)
First phase 3 of CLDN18.2 ADC; strong OS gain in later lines of GEC.
3L+ CLDN18.2+ GEC — mOS 10.0 vs 5.0 mo; HR 0.47 (0.36–0.62); p<0.001; ITT 2L+ mOS 10.6 vs 6.4 mo; HR 0.58
HEAD & NECK CANCERS
TAISHAN-301 (LBA43)
First phase 3 B7-H3 ADC with potential new SoC in later-line R/M NPC.
3L+ R/M NPC — cORR 50.8% vs 25.8%; OR 2.9 (1.7–5.0); p<0.0001; DCR 93.7% vs 75.8%; mDoR 7.9 vs 6.4 mo
#ESMO26 #LCSM #LungCancer #GICancer #Melanoma #HNCancer #OncoTwitter
oncohub.ai
KOL infographic: Oncology Nursing News card: next-generation KRAS inhibitors at ESMO 2026
Divarasib extended median overall survival to 17.7 vs 12.0 months over sotorasib or adagrasib in previously treated KRAS G12C NSCLC at ESMO 2026: https://t.co/klHTqRaHPt #OncologyNursing #OncNurse #ESMO26 #LungCancer #PancreaticCancer #KRAS #TargetedTherapy #PrecisionOncology https://t.co/VRsn6jpNFz
ONCOLOGY Nursing News
TARGETED THERAPY
ESMO 2026 • KRAS
ESMO 2026: Next-Generation KRAS Inhibitors Advance
Krascendo 1: 338 patients with KRAS G12C NSCLC; control = sotorasib or adagrasib
Divarasib Control
Median PFS, months
9.8 DIVARASIB 5.7 CONTROL
Median OS, months
17.7 DIVARASIB 12.0 CONTROL
Stopped for TRAEs
5% DIVARASIB 12% CONTROL
Nursing takeaways
Prepare for diarrhea
Grade 3-4 diarrhea was more frequent with divarasib than control.
Check liver enzymes
Monitor liver function, especially with pembrolizumab combinations.
Know the allele
Benefit may differ by RAS mutation.
Pancreatic: check RAS subgroup
Daraxonrasib benefit held across RAS mutation subgroups.
Source: Roche; MD Anderson; ESMO; Lilly; UCLA Health; Incyte. ESMO Congress 2026
Full story at oncnursingnews.com
KOL infographic: BioMedNexus summary card: tarlatamab plus durvalumab maintenance in ES-SCLC
DeLLphi-305 makes durvalumab the base and tarlatamab the add on in first line SCLC maintenance.
Median OS 21.1 vs 12.7 months, HR 0.42. AstraZeneca and Amgen both announced it Saturday morning. https://t.co/fqmsHarpFe
BioMednexus
BIOTECH MEDTECH PHARMA
ONCOLOGY · ESMO 2026
58%
Imdelltra plus Imfinzi cut SCLC death risk.
In DeLLphi-305, tarlatamab added to durvalumab maintenance lifted median overall survival to 21.1 months from 12.7 in first line extensive stage SCLC.
0.42 hazard ratio
~80% alive at 1 year
7.4 mo median PFS
563 patients
Today's brief · 65K+ biotech, medtech, and pharma leaders
https://biomednexus.com/
FAQ
About this page
What is on the ESMO 2026 Lung Cancer slides page?
The 420 Lung Cancer slide photos, abstract screenshots and data graphics plus 91 KOL-made infographics that oncologists, societies, media and companies posted on X from the ESMO 2026 embargo lift (October 22) through the congress in Madrid (October 23–27), compiled by KOL Pulse. Each card links to the original post and keeps the author's full text. It is one tumor-type page of the ESMO 2026 slide library: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides
Which Lung Cancer trials are covered?
Trials with their own slide groups, by number of slide posts: DeLLphi-305 (46), KRASCENDO-1 (29), SAFFRON (24), PERSEE (GFPC 01-2020) (17), OptiTROP-Lung06 (14), SARON (10), PANKU-Lung01 (9), PACE-LUNG (8), HERON-Lung01 (8), SANOVO (7), SigVie-002 (7), OptiTROP-Lung04 (6), NeoCOAST-2 (5), ASTRIDE (5), DeLLphi-304 (5). Slides that compare several trials sit in a Cross-trial group, and slides not tied to a tracked trial come last. Physician posts come first in every group.
How do I filter by trial or KOL?
Use the trial chips in each section, the Trial menu (which also finds cross-trial slides that name that trial) and the KOL menu or the Built by avatars. Filters combine; counts only offer combinations that have results, and Clear filters or the Escape key resets. Every state has a shareable link, for example #tag=dellphi305.
What are the OCR text and the source notes?
View OCR Text opens a verbatim transcription of the slide image; survival curves are captured as the printed numbers only, never read off the curve. Where it helps, a short context note gives the figures printed on the presented slide or abstract (for example, a different data cut or analysis). The author's caption is never edited.
Where are the other tumor types and the pre-congress archive?
Breast Cancer: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-breast; GU Cancer: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-gu; GI Cancer: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-gi; Melanoma: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-melanoma; Gyn Cancer: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-gyn; Heme & Other: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-other. Pre-congress previews, watchlists and top-10 lists: https://kolpulse.com/kol-pulse-esmo26-slides-archive
Can I use this page with my own AI assistant (NotebookLM, Perplexity, Claude, ChatGPT)?
Yes. Paste the page URL, or a filtered link, into your assistant and ask questions against it. Example prompt: "From the slide transcriptions on this page, list each trial's primary endpoint result with the hazard ratio and data cut exactly as printed on the slide, and the physician who posted it."
Compiled and reviewed by the KOL Pulse research team, led by Brian Shields, Founder, KOL Pulse. Last updated October 29, 2026. Every card links to its original post; slide text is a verbatim transcription.
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